A vice president (vice-president in British English) is an officer in government or business who is below a president in rank. The name comes from the Latin vice meaning 'in place of'.[1] In some countries, the vice president is called the deputy president. A common colloquial term for the office is vee-pee, deriving from a phonetic interpretation of the abbreviation VP.
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[edit] In government
In government, a vice president is a person whose primary responsibility is to replace the president on the event of his or her death, resignation or incapacity. Vice presidents are either elected jointly with the president as his or her running mate, elected separately, or appointed independently after the president's election.
Most, but not all, governments with vice presidents have only one person in this role at any time. If the president is not present, dies, resigns, or is otherwise unable to fulfill his or her duties, the vice president will generally serve as president. In many presidential systems, the vice president does not wield much day-to-day political power, but is still considered an important member of the cabinet. Several vice presidents in the Americas held the position of President of the Senate; this is the case, for example, in Argentina, the United States, and Uruguay. The vice president sometimes assumes some of the ceremonial duties of the president, such as attending functions and events that the actual president may be too busy to attend; the Vice President of the United States, for example, often attends funerals of world leaders on behalf of the President. In this capacity, the vice president may thus assume the role of a de facto symbolic head of state, a position which is lacking in a system of government where the powers of head of state and government are fused.
[edit] In business
In business, "vice president" refers to a rank in management. A trade union may also elect a vice president. Most companies that use this title generally have large numbers of people with the title of vice president with different categories (e.g. vice president for finance); their closest analogy within the US federal government structure is therefore not the Vice President as such, but a Cabinet Secretary. A vice president in business usually reports directly to the President or CEO of the company. When there are several vice presidents in a company they are sometimes ranked by naming the highest ranking Senior Executive Vice President which is next to President, the second highest ranking Executive Vice President, then Senior Vice President and the remainder of the management team just VP. The title of Assistant or Associate Vice President or Assistant or Associate President is typically used in large organizations as a subordinate rank to Vice President.
In large brokerage firms and investment banks, there are usually several Vice Presidents in each local branch office, the title being more of a marketing approach for customers, than denoting an actual managerial position within the company.
A corporate vice president is rarely "second in line" to succeed the corporate president following death, dismissal, or resignation, though in the event of a sudden vacancy one or sometimes two of the vice presidents may act as president. New presidents are usually appointed by the board of directors.
[edit] Levels in business administration
- Senior Executive Vice President (SEVP) = Deputy President
- Executive Vice President (EVP)
- Group Vice President (GVP)
- Senior Vice President (SVP)
- Corporate Vice President (CVP) - First Grade Executive Officer (or VP of old type company)
- First Vice President (FVP)
- Vice President (VP)
- Assistant or Associate Vice President (AVP)
For example,
- Microsoft: President - EVP - SVP - CVP
- General Motors: President - EVP - GVP - SVP - GM VP(=CVP)
Nowadays VP is under-estimated, so First Grade Executive Officer is called CVP (Corporate Vice President)
| Rank | U.S. Executive Officer | U.K. Executive Officer |
|---|---|---|
| ① | President | Managing Director |
| ② | Deputy President or SEVP or EVP | Deputy Managing Director |
| ③ | EVP or GVP or SVP | Executive Director |
| ④ | SVP or CVP | Director |
| ⑤ | CVP or VP(old type company) | Deputy Director |
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In most clubs as well as other organizations, one or multiple Vice Presidents are elected by the members of the organization; usually numbering the vice presidencies to prevent confusion as to who may preside or succeed to the office of president upon vacancy of that office, for example: 1st Vice President, 2nd Vice President, and so on. Although in some cases vice presidents are given titles due to their specific responsibilities, for example: Vice President of Operations, Finance, etc.
The primary responsibility of the Vice President of a club or organization is to be prepared to assume the powers and duties of the office of the President in the case of a vacancy in that office. If the office of President becomes vacant, the Vice President or in clubs with multiple Vice Presidents, the VP that occupies the highest ranking office, will assume the office of President, with the lower Vice Presidents to fill in the remaining Vice Presidencies, leaving the lowest Vice Presidency to be filled by either election, or appointment. Unless the bylaws of an club specifically provide of the Officer title of President-Elect, in which case, that would be the officer who would assume the powers and duties of the President upon vacancy of that office.