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Protests following 2024 Venezuelan presidential election

The 2024 Venezuelan political crisis refers to the ongoing crisis in Venezuela that continued after the 28 July 2024 presidential election results were announced.[1][2][3] The 2024 election was held to choose a president for a six-year term beginning on 10 January 2025.[4][5] Incumbent Nicolás Maduro ran for a third consecutive term, while former diplomat Edmundo González Urrutia represented the Unitary Platform (Spanish: Plataforma Unitaria Democrática; PUD), the main opposition political alliance, after the Venezuelan government barred leading candidate María Corina Machado from participating.[6][7]

The election has been politically contentious, with international monitors calling it neither free nor fair,[8] citing the Maduro administration having controlled most institutions and repressed the political opposition before and during the election.[4][9] Academics, news outlets and the opposition provided "strong evidence" according to The Guardian.[10] to suggest that González won the election by a wide margin.[11][12]

The government-controlled National Electoral Council (CNE) announced results claiming a narrow Maduro victory on 29 July. The CNE's results were rejected by the Carter Center and by the Organization of American States (OAS),[13] and the United Nations declared that there was "no precedent in contemporary democratic elections" for announcing a winner without providing tabulated results.[14] Some world leaders rejected the CNE's claimed results and recognized González as the election winner,[12][15][16] while some other countries, including Russia, China, Iran, and Cuba recognized Maduro as the winner.[17] Political scientist Steven Levitsky called the official results "one of the most egregious electoral frauds in modern Latin American history".[18]

A 6 August article in The New York Times stated that the CNE declaration that Maduro won "plunged Venezuela into a political crisis that has claimed at least 22 lives in violent demonstrations, led to the jailing of more than 2,000 people and provoked global denunciation."[2] In the aftermath of the government's announcement of falsified results, protests broke out across the country, as the Maduro administration initiated Operation Tun Tun, a crackdown on dissent, and detained opposition political figures while refusing to relinquish power. Criminalization of protest was widely condemned by human rights organizations.[19]

Crisis in Venezuela
Causes
Effects
Events
Elections
Protests
Timeline
Armed violence
flag Venezuela portal

Initial reactions to election results

[edit]

On 30 July, the Carter Center issued a harsh rebuke of the election authorities,[20][21] stating there was a "complete lack of transparency" and that the election "cannot be considered democratic".[22]

Fraud allegations

[edit]
Further information: 2024 Venezuelan presidential election § Sequences of zeros in the CNE values

Anne Applebaum wrote in The Atlantic that it "was absolutely clear by [31 July] that ... the election had been stolen".[23] Independent observers have described the election results as arbitrary, even by Venezuelan standards, according to The Guardian.[24]

Political scientist Steven Levitsky called the vote "one of the most egregious electoral frauds in modern Latin American history."[18]

Domestic

[edit]
Machado and González along with his wife, addressing the nation in front of the United Nations Development Programme office in Caracas, 2024

Supporting the PUD/González win announcement, María Corina Machado and Edmundo González rejected the results from the CNE and claimed victory.[25] González, at an event accompanied by Machado, said "The Venezuelans and the entire world know what happened ... Our struggle continues and we will not rest until the will of the Venezuelan people is respected".[25]

Supporting the CNE's announcement of his victory, Maduro described the result as "a triumph of peace and stability".[26] On 31 July, Maduro alleged that the US was fomenting civil war in Venezuela.[27] Although still maintaining that he won, Maduro acknowledged the unrest in Venezuela. He blamed the turmoil on "international Zionism", referencing an antisemitic trope that Jews control the world.[28][29]

A Meganálisis poll of 1,007 people in Venezuela from 8 to 11 August found that 93% of respondents believe Maduro lost the election, with the majority of Venezuelans expressing anger, anxiety, indignation, and feelings of helplessness after the election. Venezuelans who responded that they were happy were 2.8%, and the poll found that 40% hoped to leave the country before the end of 2024.[30]

International

[edit]
Main article: International reactions to the 2024 Venezuelan presidential election

The election results released by the government-controlled National Electoral Council (CNE) were followed by a mixture of scepticism and criticism from the leaders of most Latin American countries. Some Latin American countries—including Cuba, Honduras, and Nicaragua—recognized and congratulated Maduro as the election winner.[16][15] Some world leaders expressed skepticism of the claimed results and did not recognize the CNE claims;[15][17][16] however, The Washington Post reported that "Russia, China, Iran and Cuba were among those to congratulate Maduro".[17]

Map showing the countries that have declared Edmundo González the winner of the presidential election

President Gabriel Boric of Chile was the first foreign leader to question the CNE result, stating that the "results are difficult to believe".[31] President Daniel Noboa of Ecuador warned that "that is the danger of dictatorship, and today we are witnessing how one more of them tries to take hope away from millions of Venezuelans."[16] Condemnation from some countries, including Costa Rica, El Salvador, Peru and Uruguay described the CNE result in terms of fraud or corruption.[16][15][31] Harsh criticism came from President Javier Milei of Argentina, who called Maduro a dictator.[16][32]

The three leftist presidents of Brazil, Colombia and Mexico[23][33][34] were quick in demanding that all votes be counted, along with full transparency of all ballot records from each precinct.[35] Mexico and Colombia rejected the results and called for transparency and verification.[5][16] The Colombian government called for the "total vote count, its verification and independent audit to be carried out as soon as possible".[16] President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil called the controversy a "normal" process, but asked for the release of the total vote tally.[36] President Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico said on 30 July that the vote tallies should be publicized, but he saw no evidence of fraud.[37] On 1 August, the three presidents released a joint statement of concern over post-election violence, and asking for "impartial verification of results"[34] quickly, at the disaggregated level.[38] Officials from the three nations—whose governments are allied with Maduro according to the Associated Press (AP)—have worked with the government and the opposition, "seeking a solution to the country's political crisis".[39] The AP writes that the opposition has reason to be wary of recommendations from this group to "follow Venezuelan laws and appear before the appropriate institutions", since the "ruling party controls every aspect of government, including the justice system, and uses it to defeat and repress real and perceived opponents".[39]

United States Secretary of State Antony Blinken initially expressed doubts about the veracity of the results from the CNE,[16][40] and on 1 August, said there was "overwhelming evidence" that González won.[41] He called for talks and a peaceful transition,[27] but the US has not referred to González as president-elect.[42][a] The Miami Herald wrote on 7 August that Mark Wells, a State Department official, suggested in a phone call with reporters that the US was deferring to ongoing negotiations between Maduro and the Brazil, Colombia and Mexico, while spokesperson Matthew Miller said they weren't yet endorsing a president-elect.[42]

The day after the election, nine Latin American countries (Argentina, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay[46][47]) called for an emergency meeting of the OAS, for 31 July.[48][49] The member states did not reach consensus on a resolution.[50][51] OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro—referencing the ongoing investigation in the International Criminal Court (ICC) of Venezuela for crimes against humanity—said he would petition the ICC for the arrest of Maduro. Prior to the election, Maduro had stated that if he did not win, there would be a "bloodbath, a civil war"; Almagro said Maduro was fulfilling that promise and it was time for justice.[52]

Diplomatic and commercial relations

[edit]

Peru was the first country to recognize González as Venezuela's president-elect, on 30 July.[53][54] Peru had recalled its ambassador from Venezuela on 29 July,[16][32] and expelled the Venezuelan diplomats from Peru the next day.[55][56] In response, Venezuela severed diplomatic relations with Peru.[53][57]

Panama suspended diplomatic relations with Venezuela.[58] Venezuela also expelled diplomats from Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Panama and Uruguay; as of 1 August, Brazil took over running the Caracas embassies of Argentina and Peru.[57][59] Venezuela suspended flights between Venezuela and both Panama and the Dominican Republic after those countries requested a review of the election results.[60] It also ordered the temporary suspension of flights to Peru.[61]

Maduro ordered Argentina to abandon its embassy in Caracas within 72 hours, by 1 August, and cut power to the embassy residence, which was surrounded by security forces. The Argentine Embassy has given asylum to six of Machado's campaign workers since December 2023, when the Maduro administration sought their arrest while she was still a presidential candidate. The Argentine government said the asylum seekers must be given safe passage to leave with embassy personnel, but the Maduro administration did not agree to that condition;[62][63] Brazil assumed mediation of the situation with the asylum seekers in the embassy residence after Argentine diplomats were expelled.[57] Costa Rica has offered asylum to the six; international law affords protection of diplomatic personnel and political asylum seekers.[64] Argentina recognized González as president-elect on 7 August.[65][66]

Aftermath

[edit]

Protests

[edit]
Main article: 2024 Venezuelan protests
Demonstrators took to the streets of Caracas to protest the CNE results

Venezuelan citizens who considered the results to be fraudulent took to the streets to protest.[67][68][69]

As of 15 August, 25 people had been killed during protests nationwide.[30] According to Victims Monitor, those included a 15-year-old; all were shot, and "eight were linked to the military, three to police and seven to the pro-Maduro motorcycle gangs known as 'colectivos'."[70] Statues of Maduro's predecessor, Hugo Chávez were also pulled down.[71]

According to Infobae a "forceful statement following the electoral fraud in Venezuela and the criminalization of protests" was published on 1 August by Amnesty International in a joint statement with ten other human rights organizations that "condemned the repressive actions of the Nicolás Maduro regime in Venezuela and demanded that it guarantee the right to protest and full respect for the rights to life, personal integrity and freedom".[72][19]

Alleged cyberattack on electoral system

[edit]

On 29 July, CNE head Elvis Amoroso stated that during the election, CNE had been the victim of a cyberattack originating in North Macedonia, and accused the opposition of orchestrating it.[73] Stefan Andonovski, Minister of Digital Transformation for North Macedonia, stated that "this is a socialist regime that for years has often leaked information not supported by evidence and accuses interested parties and states that have no responsibility in such cases."[74][75] Jennie Lincoln from the Carter Center said there was no evidence of a cyberattack, including from "companies that monitor and know when there is a denial of service".[75]

Crackdown

[edit]
Main article: Operation Tun Tun
Poster from NGO Foro Penal of incidents they have verified as of 18 August[76]

Maduro accuses the opposition of promoting a coup.[77] In a crackdown by security forces following the elections,[62][78][70] he mentioned using Operation Tun Tun; BBC News stated that "rights groups say it consists of the authorities going door-to-door to detain those with links to the protests or the opposition".[77] Rafael Uzcategui of Laboratorio de Paz "suggested the operation was intended to terrify Venezuelans into submission", adding that "what we are seeing is simply an effort to sew [sic] a climate of terror", according to The Guardian.[79]

Maduro personally encouraged individuals to report those protesting the CNE election result through an internet application, VenApp.[62] Another internet page created by the government allows users to post media of protesters where they can be identified by other users.[62]

The Maduro administration reported that at least 2,400 people had been arrested as of 16 August.[80] Maduro ordered two prisons to be rehabilitated to contain the detained.[81][82] Venezuelans are reportedly leaving their homes without carrying their phones, out of fear that authorities will stop them on the street to search their phones for dissident content.[83][80]

Venezuelan human rights organization Foro Penal reported on 18 August they had been able to verify 1,503 arrests, including 129 adolescents, during the post-electoral period beginning the day after the elections.[76][80]

On 2 August, Vente Venezuela said its offices in Caracas were attacked by six armed individuals who ransacked the premises.[84]

Additionally, in an attempt to stop opposition within the military and his own government, Maduro divided his security personnel into fragmented units. This tactic, known as "coup proofing", makes consolidating power within ranks more challenging.[85]

Charges against Machado and González

[edit]

Diosdado Cabello and Jorge Rodríguez suggested two days after the election that Machado and González go to prison.[74][86][87] Agreeing with Rodriguez and Cabello, Maduro asked authorities to apply "maximum justice" to Machado and González, accusing them of being leaders of violent groups.[88] Costa Rica offered political asylum to opposition politicians, including González, Machado, and those hosted by the Argentine Embassy in Caracas;[89][90] Machado responded that she would "continue the struggle".[91]

On 1 August, Machado published a letter in The Wall Street Journal, stating that she had gone in to hiding "fearing for my life, my freedom, and that of my fellow countrymen from the dictatorship of Nicolás Maduro"; in the letter, she laid out the evidence she said she had from the vote tallies supporting PUD's win, and stated that Maduro had expelled witnesses from the polls, while the witnesses "protected the voter receipts with their lives throughout the night" of the elections.[92]

Machado came out of hiding to appear at the demonstration in Las Mercedes, Caracas on 3 August;[93] she appeared again in Caracas on 17 August for the Great World Protest for the Truth.[94]

The Miami Herald reported that in a 19 August interview with Últimas Noticias, when Tarek Saab, Venezuela's attorney general, was asked if Machado would be charged with homicide, he responded: "At any moment, any of them could be charged and held responsible as the intellectual authors of all these events".[95][96] Saab, who is under sanctions for multiple alleged offenses, is charged by human rights organizations as "being one of the key people in the regime's efforts to use the Venezuelan justice system as an instrument of political persecution".[95] Saab held Machado and González responsible for what he said were a series of events directed from the United States.[95] A few days before Saab's statement, the Colombian Peace & Reconciliation Foundation (Pares) had released its third report on election violence in Venezuela, stating that most of the victims during the election were "members of the main opposition parties", and that over 91% of the violent acts were committed by Venezuelan security forces.[95][97][98]

Charges and arrests of other politicians and journalists

[edit]
Further information: Operation Tun Tun

Freddy Superlano, a former candidate, was detained by masked men two days after the election.[99][78][100] Shortly before, Cabello had announced that the arrest of ten opposition leaders was planned.[101][74] A week later, attorney Joel García [es] confirmed that Superlano and journalist Roland Carreño [es] (who also worked for the Popular Will party[77]) were held in El Helicoide on unknown charges.[102] Representatives of Superlano's party said they were told by chavista informants that Superlano would be tortured to "make him confess to the false plan set up by regime spokesmen such as Tarek William Saab".[74][103]

The same day that Superlano was detained, Ricardo Estévez, an advisor with Vente Venezuela, was taken from his residence by armed men in unmarked cars.[104][77] Rafael Sivira, the youth coordinator for opposition party Radical Cause, and another unidentified person were also detained.[105]

Vente Venezuela politician María Oropeza livestreamed as security forces broke into her residence without a search warrant and arrested her two hours after she described the ongoing detentions as a "witch hunt".[79][106] The Venezuelan SNTP (Syndicate of National Press Workers [es]) denounced that reporter Yousner Alvarado and cameraman Paúl León were arrested shortly after the election, and photographer Deysi Penna was detained on 2 August. That same day, Chilean National Television said its journalist Iván Núñez and his cameraman José Luis Tapia were arrested.[107]

Allegations of persecution of poll watchers

[edit]

Opposition leaders said that citizens who witnessed the vote tally sheets in the electoral process (poll watchers) were persecuted and detained.[62] The CNE had their contact data; Maduro accused them of being guerillas, according to NTN24.[108] Many poll watchers reportedly have "fled their homes in fear".[62]

Legislative changes

[edit]

The legislature passed a new law "to more tightly regulate non-governmental organizations, amid criticism of a government crackdown".[109]

Transparency in vote reporting and TSJ audit

[edit]

Opposition leaders, world leaders and observers urged Maduro to make the vote tallies at the polling station level public,[110] which had not happened as of 16 August.[111]

Maduro approached the Supreme Tribunal of Justice on 1 August and, according to the BBC, "took the unusual step" of asking the court to audit and approve the results.[110] BBC journalist Vanessa Buschschlüter called the members of the court "overwhelmingly government loyalists",[110] while El País described it as under PSUV control.[112] The BBC stated that this process is "likely to be conducted behind closed doors" where only the TSJ members will see the tallies. The Carter Center, anticipating this move, stated that "the TSJ is another government institution, appointed by the government ...  not an independent assessment".[110] This move was seen as a means to delay the process while giving the appearance of compliance.[110] A former member of opposition figure Juan Guaidó's cabinet told O Globo that this was done in an attempt to stall the opposition and give the results a veneer of legitimacy.[113]

On 7 August, Edmundo González said he would not respond to a court summons issued by the TSJ as part of its audit procedures, citing procedural irregularities and concerns for his safety and saying the summons violated due process.[114][115]

Brazil, Colombia and Mexico released a joint statement on 8 August that distanced themselves from the TSJ audit, according to El País, writing that "CNE has the legal mandate to transparently publish electoral results", while calling again for the release of the vote tallies.[116]

Ongoing censorship

[edit]
See also: 2024 Venezuelan presidential election § Censorship

A few hours after publication of Machado's 1 August letter in The Wall Street Journal, according to VE Sin Filtro [es], that newspaper was blocked by some providers in Venezuela.[107]

On 8 August, Maduro ordered that X (formerly Twitter) be blocked for ten days in Venezuela;[117][118] at 3 pm Venezuelan time, VE Sin Filtro announced the block was effective.[119]

Emigration crisis

[edit]
Further information: Venezuelan refugee crisis

Following on the repression and crackdown on dissent by the Maduro administration, a Meganálisis poll of 1,007 people from 8 August to 11 August indicated that over 40% of Venezuelans intend to leave the country soon. Meganálisis's results show that 600,000 Venezuelans intend to emigrate by mid-September, and another 930,000 hope to emigrate by December, joining the already 7.7 million in the Venezuelan diaspora.[30]

Concerns about another Venezuelan refugee crisis have emerged since the election; millions of people who expected change from the election are likely to flee to countries that are already strained from accepting large numbers of Venezuelan immigrants.[120] Such a large migration would exacerbate the border crisis in the US and have a "devastating effect" on other countries in Latin America.[30][120]

Transition proposals

[edit]
See also: Puntofijo Pact

Negotiated peaceful transition of power proposals include an exit deal[121][122][123] and power-sharing;[124] repeating the election was also proposed.[125]

Opposition proposal: peaceful, negotiated transition

[edit]

González had expressed willingness to negotiate a transfer of power with Maduro, which included not persecuting his party and giving it a place in the National Assembly.[122]

Machado said the opposition was willing to negotiate for Maduro to recognize González's win, according to Nora Gámez Torres writing in the Miami Herald on 8 August. Machado presented four negotiating points:[123]

  1. Recognize the 28 July results, in
  2. an "orderly and stable democratic transition" with
  3. "guarantees, safeguards, and incentives" for a rapid outcome that
  4. "has to be a negotiation in which the people of Venezuela, the leaders that the people of Venezuela trust and the sectors of civil society are represented".[123]

Gámez Torres wrote that "there is no evidence that the Maduro regime is willing to negotiate with the opposition", adding that he "has threatened to jail" them. Former Colombian vice-president Francisco Santos Calderón opined that, with respect to the TSJ audit, "Maduro would use the legal maneuver to validate fake results presented by the electoral council, discredit the data presented by the opposition and eventually arrest Gonzalez and Machado".[123]

Machado welcomed the efforts by Brazil and Colombia, but said the electoral victory was non-negotiable and the opposition would not agree to power-sharing.[123]

Brazil, Colombia proposal: repeat election

[edit]

Brazilian President Lula and Colombian President Petro, leftist allies of Maduro who had been pressing him to release the vote tallies, proposed instead on 15 August that the election should be repeated—Venezuelan law provides for that possibility if an election is annulled.[125][1] At the same time, Lula made his strongest criticism of Maduro since the election, stating that the Venezuela administration has an "authoritarian slant" and is "a very unpleasant regime", while again calling for Maduro to release the vote tallies.[111]

The opposition and the Maduro government each rejected the idea—both stating they had already won.[126][127]

US President Biden seemed to have endorsed the proposal, but White House spokespersons later seemed to suggest he was referring to something else.[125][1][126]

Mexican President López stated on 15 August that he did not consider the proposal by Brazil and Colombia to be "prudent", that he had not spoken with the presidents of those countries since 1 August, and that he had no plans to continue dialogue with them until the TSJ issues a ruling; he did not endorse Maduro as the winner of the election, but criticized those countries and organizations that have declared that González won, adding that Mexico is "not in favor of one or the other".[128][129][130]

US: amnesty proposal

[edit]

On 19 July 2024, Elliott Abrams, diplomat and former special representative of the Trump administration for Venezuela, suggested that the United States should offer amnesty to Maduro.[131][121]

The US denied[132][133] an 11 August report in The Wall Street Journal that it had offered Maduro amnesty in exchange for him conceding the election;[134] a senior US official told the Miami Herald that the US "has not offered Nicolás Maduro and his aides any form of amnesty to leave power in Venezuela, but is open to all possibilities", and White House Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre confirmed the denial.[132]

Power-sharing proposals

[edit]

Venezuelan economist and former advisor to the National Assembly Francisco Rodríguez argued in favor of a peaceful transition of power to be initiated via a power-sharing agreement similar to that of the 1989 Polish Round Table Agreement and Contract Sejm in Poland.[124] Using the March 2020 US proposal "Democratic Transition Framework for Venezuela" as a starting point,[135] he suggested that Maduro would symbolically retain the presidency, Maduro's supporters would retain the security and police ministries, and the opposition would have a prime minister and the rest of the cabinet.[124]

On 15 August, Brazilian president Lula and Colombian president Petro proposed power-sharing. Maduro and the opposition rejected the proposal.[111]

Other proposals

[edit]

Panama's president stated on 9 August that at least seven regional leaders said they would attend a regional summit he proposed, which could be held a week later in the Dominican Republic.[136]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The Washington Post,[27]The Wall Street Journal,[43] and Reuters[44] say that Blinken did not recognize González as president-elect; The Guardian says that he did.[45]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Sa Pessoa, Gabriela; Garcia Cano, Regina (15 August 2024). "Venezuela's opposition faces setback after countries suggest repeat of presidential election". Associated Press. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  2. ^ a b Kurmanaev, Anatoly (6 August 2024). "Venezuela's Strongman Was Confident of Victory. Then Came the Shock". New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 August 2024. Retrieved 8 August 2024.
  3. ^ Buitrago, Deisy; Nava, Mariela (18 August 2024). "Venezuelan opposition protests as election dispute drags on". Reuters. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
  4. ^ a b Otis, John; Kahn, Carrie (26 July 2024). "What to know about Venezuela's election, as Maduro faces stiff opposition". NPR. Archived from the original on 28 July 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Venezuela Will Hold Presidential Elections On July 28: Official". Barrons.com. Archived from the original on 11 June 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
  6. ^ "Líder da oposição nas pesquisas, María Corina Machado é inabilitada por 15 anos na Venezuela". O Globo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 30 June 2023. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  7. ^ "Venezuela's Supreme Court disqualifies opposition leader from running for president". 27 January 2024. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  8. ^ Glatsky, Genevieve (31 July 2024). "Venezuela's Election Was Deeply Flawed. Here's How". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2 August 2024. It had already been clear for months that Venezuela's presidential election on Sunday, would not be free or fair, as the government jailed opposition leaders or disqualified them from running for office, and prevented millions of Venezuelans abroad from voting.
  9. ^ "Maduro regime doubles down on censorship and repression in lead-up to Venezuelan election". ICIJ. 24 July 2024. Archived from the original on 24 July 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  10. ^ Rogero, Tiago (6 August 2024). "Evidence shows Venezuela's election was stolen – but will Maduro budge?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  11. ^ Kurmanaev, Anatoly; Singer, Ethan (31 July 2024). "Election Results Presented by Venezuela's Opposition Suggest Maduro Lost Decisively". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 August 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024. The Times analysis shows that the election tallies provided by the researchers are not compatible with a victory by Mr. Maduro, by any margin.
  12. ^ a b Wells, Ione (2 August 2024). "Overwhelming evidence Venezuela opposition won election - Blinken". BBC News. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  13. ^ "Informe del Departamento para la Cooperación y Observación Electoral (DECO) de la Secretaría para el Fortalecimiento de la Democracia de la OEA sobre la elección presidencial de Venezuela para el Secretario General Luis Almagro" [Report of the Department for Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO) of the Secretariat for the Strengthening of Democracy of the OAS on the presidential election of Venezuela for the Secretary General Luis Almagro] (PDF) (in Spanish). Organization of American States. 30 July 2024. Wikidata d:Q128129159. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2024. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  14. ^ Goodman, Joshua (13 August 2024). "UN expert panel sent to Venezuela blasts lack of transparency in presidential elections". Associated Press. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  15. ^ a b c d Jones, Sam (29 July 2024). "'Hard to believe': Venezuela election result met with suspicion abroad". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Leaders across Americas react to Venezuela election results". Reuters. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  17. ^ a b c Schmidt, Samantha; Sands, Leo; Herrero, Vanessa (29 July 2024). "World leaders cast doubt on Maduro's claim of victory in Venezuelan election". The Washington Post. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  18. ^ a b Turkewitz, Julie (30 July 2024). "What Happened to Venezuela's Democracy?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 30 July 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  19. ^ a b "Venezuela: International organizations condemn the high levels of violence and repression and demand that the authorities guarantee the right to protest and full respect for the rights to life, personal integrity and freedom" (Press release). Amnesty International. 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  20. ^ "Carter Center unable to verify Venezuela election results, blasts officials for lack of transparency". Associated Press. 30 July 2024.
  21. ^ "El Centro Carter consideró que las elecciones presidenciales en Venezuela 'no pueden considerarse democráticas'" [Carter Center considers Venezuelan presidential elections 'cannot be considered democratic']. infobae (in Spanish). 31 July 2024.
  22. ^ "Carter Center Statement on Venezuela Election" (Press release). Carter Center. 30 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  23. ^ a b Applebaum, Anne (31 July 2024). "Venezuela's Dictator Can't Even Lie Well". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024. In the hours after the polls closed, much of the international media had refrained from stating the obvious. 'BREAKING:,' the Associated Press tweeted on Monday. 'Venezuela's President Nicolás Maduro is declared the winner in the presidential election amid opposition claims of irregularities.' But by Tuesday morning, it was absolutely clear that the election was not merely irregular or tainted or disputed: The election had been stolen.
  24. ^ Torres, Patricia; Phillips, Tom; Rogero, Tiago; Jones, Sam (29 July 2024). "Venezuela on a knife-edge as opposition accuses Maduro of rigging election". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  25. ^ a b Garcia Cano, Regina (29 July 2024). "Venezuela election live updates: Opposition claims victory after Maduro was declared the winner". Associated Press. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 28 July 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  26. ^ Buschschlüter, Vanessa (29 July 2024). "Venezuela's Maduro declared winner in disputed vote". BBC News. Archived from the original on 29 July 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  27. ^ a b c Schmidt, Samantha; Brown, Matthew (1 August 2024). "U.S. says Maduro lost Venezuelan election, calls for talks, transition". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2 August 2024. Blinken did not say the United States was recognizing González as Venezuela's president.
  28. ^ Cramer, Philissa (8 August 2024). "Venezuela's Maduro blames 'international Zionism' for unrest after disputed vote". The Times of Israel.
  29. ^ Starr, Michael (6 August 2024). "Maduro: 'International Zionism' behind civil unrest in Venezuela". The Jerusalem Post.
  30. ^ a b c d Delgado, Antonio Maria; Ortiz Blanes, Syra (14 August 2024). "A hundred thousand Venezuelans are considering leaving the country right now, poll says". Miami Herald. Yahoo News. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  31. ^ a b Lorena Arroyo; Federico Rivas Molina (29 July 2024). "Venezuela declares Maduro winner of election, but US and others question the result". El Pais. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  32. ^ a b "Venezuela election live updates: Opposition claims victory after Maduro was declared the winner". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 28 July 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2024.
  33. ^ "The Guardian view on Venezuela's elections: making the people's votes count". 30 July 2024. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  34. ^ a b Osborn, Catherine (1 August 2024). "Venezuela's Post-Election Moment of Truth". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  35. ^ Iglesias, Simone (29 July 2024). "Brazil, Mexico, Colombia Negotiating Joint Statement on Venezuela Election Transparency". Bloomberg. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  36. ^ "Lula sobre Venezuela: 'Apresenta a ata', diz presidente sobre impasse na eleição". BBC News Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). 30 July 2024. Retrieved 30 July 2024. É normal que tenha uma briga. Como resolve essa briga? Apresenta a ata
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  106. ^ "El escalofriante video con el que el régimen de Maduro atemoriza a los venezolanos y se burla de la dirigente María Oropeza y de la oposición" [The chilling video with which the Maduro regime frightens Venezuelans and mocks the leader María Oropeza and the opposition]. Infobae (in Spanish). 8 August 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
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Further reading

[edit]
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Venezuelan_political_crisis

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