Vint Cerf | |
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![]() Vinton Cerf in Vilnius, September 2010
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Born | Vinton Gray Cerf June 23, 1943 New Haven, Connecticut, U.S. |
Citizenship | American |
Fields | Telecommunications |
Institutions | IBM,[1] UCLA,[1] Stanford University,[1] DARPA,[1] MCI,[1][2] CNRI,[1] Google,[3] |
Alma mater | Stanford University (B.S.) UCLA (M.S. & Ph.D.) |
Thesis | Multiprocessors, Semaphores, and a Graph Model of Computation (1972) |
Doctoral advisor | Gerald Estrin[4] |
Known for | TCP/IP Internet Society |
Notable awards | IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal (1997) National Medal of Technology (1997) Marconi Prize (1998) Prince of Asturias Award (2002) Turing Award (2004) Presidential Medal of Freedom (2005) Japan Prize (2008) Harold Pender Award (2010) Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering (2013) |
Vinton Gray "Vint" Cerf[1] (/ˈsɜːrf/; born June 23, 1943) is an American Internet pioneer, who is recognized as one of[5] "the fathers of the Internet",[6] sharing this title with fellow engineers Bob Kahn[7][8] and Donald Davies.[9][10] His contributions have been acknowledged and lauded, repeatedly, with honorary degrees and awards that include the National Medal of Technology,[1] the Turing Award,[11] the Presidential Medal of Freedom,[12] the Marconi Prize and membership in the National Academy of Engineering.
In the early days, Cerf was a manager for the United States' Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) funding various groups to develop TCP/IP technology. When the Internet began to transition to a commercial opportunity during the late 1980s,[citation needed] Cerf moved to MCI where he was instrumental in the development of the first commercial email system (MCI Mail) connected to the Internet.
Cerf was instrumental in the funding and formation of ICANN from the start. He waited in the wings for a year before he stepped forward to join the ICANN Board, eventually becoming chairman. He was elected as the president of the Association for Computing Machinery in May 2012,[13] and in August 2013 he joined the Council on CyberSecurity's Board of Advisors.[14]
Cerf is also known for his sartorial style, typically appearing in three-piece suit—a rarity in an industry known for its casual dress norms.[15][16]
Dr. Cerf is active in many organizations that are working to help the Internet deliver humanitarian value in our world today. He is supportive of innovative projects that are experimenting with new approaches to global problems, including the digital divide, the gender gap, and the changing nature of jobs.
Contents
Life and career[edit]
Cerf was born in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of Muriel (née Gray), a housewife, and Vinton Thruston Cerf, an aerospace executive.[17][18] Cerf went to Van Nuys High School in California along with Jon Postel and Steve Crocker; he wrote the former's obituary. Both were also instrumental in the creation of the Internet. Cerf's first job after obtaining his B.S. degree in mathematics from Stanford University was at IBM, where he worked for two years as a systems engineer supporting QUIKTRAN.[1] He left IBM to attend graduate school at UCLA where he earned his M.S. degree in 1970 and his PhD degree in 1972.[4][19] During his graduate student years, he studied under Professor Gerald Estrin, worked in Professor Leonard Kleinrock's data packet networking group that connected the first two nodes of the ARPANet,[20] the predecessor[20] to the Internet, and "contributed to a host-to-host protocol" for the ARPANet.[21] While at UCLA, he also met Robert E. (Bob) Kahn, who was working on the ARPANet hardware architecture.[21] After receiving his doctorate, Cerf became an assistant professor at Stanford University from 1972–1976, where he conducted research on packet network interconnection protocols and co-designed the DoD TCP/IP protocol suite with Kahn.[21] Cerf then moved to DARPA in 1976, where he stayed until 1982.
As vice president of MCI Digital Information Services from 1982 to 1986, Cerf led the engineering of MCI Mail, the first commercial email service to be connected to the Internet. In 1986, he joined Bob Kahn at the Corporation for National Research Initiatives as its vice president, working with Kahn on Digital Libraries, Knowledge Robots, and gigabit speed networks. It was during this time, in 1992, that he and Kahn, among others, founded the Internet Society (ISOC) to provide leadership in education, policy and standards related to the Internet. Cerf served as the first president of ISOC. Cerf rejoined MCI during 1994 and served as Senior Vice President of Technology Strategy. In this role, he helped to guide corporate strategy development from a technical perspective. Previously, he served as MCI's senior vice president of Architecture and Technology, leading a team of architects and engineers to design advanced networking frameworks, including Internet-based solutions for delivering a combination of data, information, voice and video services for business and consumer use.
During 1997, Cerf joined the Board of Trustees of Gallaudet University, a university for the education of the deaf and hard-of-hearing.[22] Cerf himself is hard of hearing.[23] He has also served on the university's Board of Associates.[24]
Cerf, as leader of MCI's internet business, was criticized due to MCI's role in providing the IP addresses used by Send-Safe.com, a vendor of spamware that uses a botnet in order to send spam. MCI refused to terminate the spamware vendor.[25][26] At the time, Spamhaus also listed MCI as the ISP with the most Spamhaus Block List listings.[27]
Cerf has worked for Google as a Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist since October 2005.[3] In this function he has become well known for his predictions on how technology will affect future society, encompassing such areas as artificial intelligence, environmentalism, the advent of IPv6 and the transformation of the television industry and its delivery model.[28]
Since 2010, Cerf has served as a Commissioner for the Broadband Commission for Digital Development, a UN body which aims to make broadband internet technologies more widely available.
Cerf joined the board of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) in 1999, and served until November 2007.[29] He was chairman from November 2000 to his departure from the Board.
Cerf was a member of Bulgarian President Georgi Parvanov's IT Advisory Council (from March 2002 - January 2012). He is also a member of the Advisory Board of Eurasia Group, the political risk consultancy.[30]
Cerf is also working on the Interplanetary Internet, together with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and other NASA laboratories. It will be a new standard to communicate from planet to planet, using radio/laser communications that are tolerant of signal degradations including variable delay and disruption caused, for example, by celestial motion.[31]
On February 7, 2006, Cerf testified before the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation's hearing on network neutrality. Speaking as Google's Chief Internet Evangelist, Cerf noted that nearly half of all consumers lacked meaningful choice in broadband providers and expressed concerns that without network neutrality government regulation, broadband providers would be able to use their dominance to limit options for consumers and charge companies like Google for their use of bandwidth.[32]
Cerf currently serves on the board of advisors of Scientists and Engineers for America, an organization focused on promoting sound science in American government.[33] He also serves on the advisory council of CRDF Global (Civilian Research and Development Foundation) and was on the International Multilateral Partnership Against Cyber Threats (IMPACT) International Advisory Board.[34]
Cerf is chairman of the board of trustees of ARIN, the Regional Internet Registry (RIR) of IP addresses for United States, Canada, and part of the Caribbean.[35] Until Fall 2015, Cerf chaired the board of directors of StopBadware, a non-profit anti-malware organization that started as a project at Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet & Society.[36][37] Cerf is on the board of advisors to The Liquid Information Company Ltd of the UK, which works to make the web more usefully interactive and which has produced the Mac OS X utility called ‘Liquid'.[38] Vint Cerf is a member of the CuriosityStream Advisory Board.[39]
During 2008 Cerf chaired the Internationalized domain name (IDNAbis) working group of the IETF.[40] In 2008 Cerf was a major contender to be designated the US's first Chief Technology Officer by President Barack Obama.[41] Cerf is the co-chair of Campus Party Silicon Valley, the US edition of one of the largest technology festivals in the world, along with Al Gore and Tim Berners-Lee.[42] From 2009-2011, Cerf was an elected member of the Governing Board of the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP). SGIP is a public-private consortium established by NIST in 2009 and provides a forum for businesses and other stakeholder groups to participate in coordinating and accelerating development of standards for the evolving Smart Grid.[43] Cerf was elected to a two-year term as President of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) beginning July 1, 2012.[44] On January 16, 2013, US President Barack Obama announced his intent to appoint Cerf to the National Science Board.[45]
Awards and honors[edit]
Cerf has received a number of honorary degrees, including doctorates, from the University of the Balearic Islands, ETHZ in Zurich, Switzerland, Capitol College, Gettysburg College, Yale University, George Mason University, Marymount University, University of Pisa, University of Rovira and Virgili (Tarragona, Spain), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Luleå University of Technology (Sweden), University of Twente (Netherlands), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Brooklyn Polytechnic, UPCT (University of Cartagena, Spain), University of Reading (United Kingdom), Royal Roads University (Canada) Polytechnic University of Madrid, Keio University (Japan), University of South Australia (Australia), University of St Andrews (Scotland) and [46] Gallaudet University (United States).
Further awards include:
- Edward A. Dickson Alumnus of the Year Award from UCLA[47]
- Prince of Asturias award for science and technology
- Fellow of the IEEE, 1988, "for contributions and leadership in the design, development, and application of internet protocols"
- Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1994, for "vision and leadership in the design, implementation, evolution, and dissemination of the TCP/IP computer communication protocol suite"
- Yuri Rubinsky Memorial Award, 1996
- SIGCOMM Award for "contributions to the Internet [spanning] more than 25 years, from development of the fundamental TCP/IP protocols".[48]
- Certificate of Merit from The Franklin Institute, in 1996.
- In December 1997 he, along with his partner Robert E. Kahn, was presented with the National Medal of Technology by President Bill Clinton, "for creating and sustaining development of Internet Protocols and continuing to provide leadership in the emerging industry of internetworking."[49][50]
- He received the Living Legend Medal from the Library of Congress in April 2000
- In 2000, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for his contributions to computer architecture, operating systems, and software engineering."[51]
- Cerf was selected as a Fellow of the Association for Women in Science (AWIS) in 2000.
- Cerf was awarded the Award of Technology from the Telluride Tech Festival in 2002, also known as the Tesla Festival since the world's first AC hydro-power power plant was built in Telluride in 1891 by L.L. Nunn who purchased the generator and plans from George Westinghouse and Tesla.
- Cerf and Kahn were the winners of the Turing Award for 2004,[11] for their "pioneering work on internetworking, including .. the Internet's basic communications protocols .. and for inspired leadership in networking."[52]
- In November 2005, Vinton Cerf and Kahn were awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush for their contributions to the creation of the Internet.[12]
- He and Robert Kahn were inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in May 2006
- Vinton Cerf was awarded the St. Cyril and Methodius in the Coat of Arms Order in July 2006[53]
- Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn were each inducted as an Honorary Fellow of the Society for Technical Communication (STC) in May 2006
- He and Robert Kahn were awarded the Japan Prize in January 2008.[54]
- Cerf was inducted into the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists and given the Freedom of the City of London in April 2008.
- Dr. Cerf was awarded an honorary membership in the Yale Political Union after keynoting a lively debate on the subject "Resolved: Online Communities are Real Communities." The motion passed.[55]
- In celebration of the five year-anniversary of YouTube he was selected as a guest curator by the site, and chose the six videos on YouTube he found most memorable.[56]
- In May 2011, he was awarded an HPI Fellowship as “[...]a tribute to his work for a new medium which influenced the everyday life of our society like no other one.”[57]
- In September 2011 he was made a distinguished fellow of British Computer Society, in recognition of his outstanding contribution and service to the advancement of computing.[58]
- In 2012 he was inducted as a Pioneer into the Internet Hall of Fame[59]
- In 2013, Cerf was one of five Internet and Web pioneers awarded the inaugural Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering.[60]
- In 2013, Cerf presented the Bernard Price Memorial Lecture[61]
- In 2014, Cerf was awarded the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st class for his role in invention of TCP/IP by president of Estonia Toomas Hendrik Ilves[62]
- In 2014, Cerf was awarded Officer of the French Légion d'honneur[citation needed] [63]
Partial bibliography[edit]
![](https://web.archive.org/web/20160130083758im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Vinton_Cerf.jpg/220px-Vinton_Cerf.jpg)
Author[edit]
- Zero Text Length EOF Message (RFC 13, August 1969)
- IMP-IMP and HOST-HOST Control Links (RFC 18, September 1969)
- ASCII format for network interchange (RFC 20, October 1969)
- Host-host control message formats (RFC 22, October 1969)
- Data transfer protocols (RFC 163, May 1971)
- PARRY encounters the DOCTOR (RFC 439, January 1973)
- 'Twas the night before start-up (RFC 968, December 1985)
- Report of the second Ad Hoc Network Management Review Group, RFC 1109, August 1989
- Internet Activities Board, RFC 1120, September 1989
- Thoughts on the National Research and Education Network, RFC 1167, July 1990
- Networks, Scientific American Special Issue on Communications, Computers, and Networks, September 1991
- Guidelines for Internet Measurement Activities, October 1991
- A VIEW FROM THE 21ST CENTURY, RFC 1607, April 1, 1994
- An Agreement between the Internet Society and Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the Matter of ONC RPC and XDR Protocols, RFC 1790, April 1995
- I REMEMBER IANA, RFC 2468, October 17, 1998
- Memo from the Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (CSCR, RFC 1217, April 1, 1999
- The Internet is for Everyone, RFC 3271, April 2002
Co-author[edit]
- Vinton Cerf, Robert Kahn, A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication (IEEE Transactions on Communications, May 1974)
- Vinton Cerf, Y. Dalal, C. Sunshine, Specification of Internet Transmission Control Program (RFC 675, December 1974)
- Vinton Cerf, Jon Postel, Mail transition plan (RFC 771, September 1980)
- Vinton Cerf, K.L. Mills Explaining the role of GOSIP, RFC 1169, August 1990
- Clark, Chapin, Cerf, Braden, Hobby, Towards the Future Internet Architecture, RFC 1287, December 1991
- Vinton Cerf et al., A Strategic Plan for Deploying an Internet X.500 Directory Service, RFC 1430, February 1993
- Vinton Cerf & Bob Kahn, Al Gore and the Internet, 2000-09-28[64]
- Vinton Cerf et al., Internet Radio Communication System July 9, 2002, U.S. Patent 6,418,138
- Vinton Cerf et al., System for Distributed Task Execution June 3, 2003, U.S. Patent 6,574,628
- Vinton Cerf et al., Delay-Tolerant Networking Architecture (Informational Status), RFC 4838, April 2007
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Cerf's curriculum vitae as of February 2001, attached to a transcript of his testimony that month before the United States House Energy Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet, from ICANN's website
- ^ Gore Deserves Internet Credit, Some Say, a March 1999 Washington Post article
- ^ a b Cerf's up at Google, from the Google Press Center
- ^ a b Cerf, Vinton (1972). Multiprocessors, Semaphores, and a Graph Model of Computation (PhD thesis). University of California, Los Angeles.
- ^ (see Interview with Vinton Cerf, from a January 2006 article in Government Computer News), Cerf is willing to call himself one of the internet fathers, citing Bob Kahn and Leonard Kleinrock in particular as being others with whom he should share that title.
- ^ Cerf, V. G. (2009). "The day the Internet age began". Nature 461 (7268): 1202–1203. doi:10.1038/4611202a. PMID 19865146.
- ^ "ACM Turing Award, list of recipients". Awards.acm.org. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal". Ieee.org. July 7, 2009. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Donald Davies". internethalloffame.org. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
- ^ http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4640566&tag=1&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D4640566%26tag%3D1
- ^ a b Cerf wins Turing Award February 16, 2005
- ^ a b 2005 Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients from the White House website
- ^ ACM Elects Vint Cerf as President from the ACM website
- ^ "Advisory Board", Council on CyberSecurity website. Retrieved September 27, 2013.
- ^ "Internet pioneer Vint Cerf looks to the future", Todd Bishop, Seattle P-I, July 23, 2007. Retrieved September 27, 2013.
- ^ Ghosh, Pallab. "Google's Vint Cerf warns of 'digital Dark Age'". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 13 February 2015.
- ^ Jerome, Richard (September 18, 2000). "Lending An Ear – Health, Real People Stories". People. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Vinton Gray Cerf Biography". BookRags.com. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "UCLA School of Engineering Alumnus Chosen for Prestigious Turing Award". UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. Spring 2005.
- ^ a b "Internet predecessor turns 30". CNN. 1999-09-02. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c "INTERNET PIONEERS CERF AND KAHN TO RECEIVE ACM TURING AWARD". ACM. 2005-02-16.
- ^ Dr. Vinton G. Cerf Appointed to Gallaudet University's Board of Trustees, from that university's website
- ^ "Vinton Cerf – Father of the Internet, Vinton Cerf". Deafness.about.com. August 28, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Board of Associates". Gallaudet University. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
- ^ Socks the Whitehouse Cat (February 19, 2005). "Re: ACM ethics complaint against Cerf - first draft". Newsgroup: comp.org.acm. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
- ^ McWilliams, Brian (February 16, 2005). "Protest brewing against Internet pioneer". Spam Kings Blog. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
- ^ Socks the Whitehouse Cat (February 25, 2005). "ACM ethics complaint against Cerf - first draft". Newsgroup: comp.org.acm. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
- ^ The Daily Telegraph, August 2007
- ^ "ICANN Board of Directors – Vinton G. Cerf". Icann.org. February 14, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Eurasia Group". Eurasia Group. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "The InterPlaNetary Internet Project IPN Special Interest Group". Ipnsig.org. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce" (PDF). Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ SEA’s Board of Advisors. sefora.org
- ^ "Govt red tape adds to security threats", Vivian Yeo, ZDNet, October 12, 2009
- ^ "ARIN Announces Newly Elected Board of Trustees". Arin.net. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Board of Directors". StopBadware. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
- ^ "Harvard's Berkman Center and the Oxford Internet Institute Unveil StopBadware.org Backed by Google, Lenovo, Sun; Consumer Reports WebWatch Takes Unpaid Special Advisor Role". StopBadware. January 23, 2006. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "The Liquid Information Company". Liquid.info. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
- ^ "CuriosityStream Advisory Board". Retrieved 31 August 2015.
- ^ "IDNAbis WG". Tools.ietf.org. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "The 5 best jobs Obama has yet to fill – Craig Gordon and Ben Smith". Politico.Com. December 4, 2008. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ Daniel Ben-Horin (November 21, 2011). "The Kids Are Alright: Campus Party, Silicon Valley Tech Festival Rocks NASA". Huffington Post. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ^ "Smart Grid Interoperability Panel Launched; Governing Board Elected". Retrieved November 19, 2009.
- ^ "ACM Elects Vint Cerf as President". ACM. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
- ^ "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". Retrieved January 20, 2013.
- ^ [1], University of St Andrews website news archive, last accessed June 24, 2015
- ^ "Vinton Cerf M.S. ’70, PhD ’72 | UCLA Alumni". Alumni.ucla.edu. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "SIGCOMM Awards". Sigcomm.org. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "Office of Science and Technology Policy | The White House". Ostp.gov. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "National Medals of Science and Technology Foundation".
- ^ "Vinton Cerf". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
- ^ "ACM: Fellows Award / Vinton G. Cerf". amturing.acm.org. June 4, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ "ISOC-Bulgaria: IT-delegation in Sofia". Isoc.bg. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ 2008 (24th) Japan Prize Laureate[dead link]
- ^ MINUTES OF THE FLOOR MEETING OF THE YALE POLITICAL UNION. Yale.edu, April 15, 2009
- ^ FiveYear. "Vint Cerf's Top YouTube Videos". Youtube. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
- ^ “Vinton G. Cerf, who developed together with Robert E. Kahn the TCP/IP protocol was awarded as a HPI Fellow on May 25th 2011. The HPI award is a tribute to his work for a new medium which influenced the everyday life of our society like no other one.” "HPI Fellows & Guests". Retrieved 2011-05-27.
- ^ British Computer Society. "Vint Cerf named BCS Distinguished Fellow". Retrieved September 28, 2011.
- ^ 2012 Inductees, Internet Hall of Fame website. Last accessed April 24, 2012
- ^ "2013 Winners Announced" Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering
- ^ "62nd Bernard Price Memorial Lecture". South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE). September 5, 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ^ "Bearers of decorations - Vinton Gray Cerf". Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ^ "Vinton Cerf Appointed an Officer of the Legion of Honor".
- ^ Thomas C Greene (2000-10-02). "Net builders Kahn, Cerf recognise Al Gore: Grateful for the inventor's genius". The Register (UK). Archived from the original on 2000-12-11. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
Further reading[edit]
- Cerf, Vinton G. (April 24, 1990), Oral history interview with Vinton G. Cerf, Minnesota, Minneapolis: Charles Babbage Institute
- Cerf, Vinton (May 17, 1999), Dr. Vinton Cerf: An Interview Conducted by David Hochfelder, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
External links[edit]
- Bio at Google
- Vint Cerf on the ICANN wiki
- Dr. Vint Cerf on "Reinventing the Internet" (YouTube). Internet Society. (May 13, 2013)
- Vint Cerf at TED
Awards and achievements | ||
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Preceded by Tadahiro Sekimoto |
IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal 1997 with Bob Kahn |
Succeeded by Richard Blahut |
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