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The Beer Portal

Introduction

P:Beer

Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the beer. Beer is one of the oldest alcoholic drinks in the world, the most widely consumed, and the third most popular drink after water and tea. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents, such as gruit, herbs, or fruits, may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, natural carbonation is often replaced with forced carbonation.

Some of the earliest writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating it, and "The Hymn to Ninkasi", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, a recipe for it.

Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (ABV).

Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as activities like pub crawling, pub quizzes, and pub games. (Full article...)

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A barrel-aged beer is a beer that has been aged for a period of time in a wooden barrel. Typically, these barrels once housed bourbon, whisky, wine, or, to a lesser extent, brandy, sherry, or port. There is a particular tradition of barrel ageing beer in Belgium, notably of lambic beers. The first bourbon barrel-aged beers were produced in the United States in the early 1990s.

Beers can be aged in barrels to achieve a variety of effects, such as imparting flavours from the wood (from tannins and lactones) or from the previous contents of the barrels, or causing a Brettanomyces fermentation. Oak remains the wood of choice, but other woods are in use as well. Chestnut, ash, poplar, cedar, acacia, cypress, redwood, pine, and even eucalyptus have been used for barrel-ageing with varying success. (Full article...)

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History of beer Hops Lambic Oktoberfest Pub Yeast London Beer Flood Guinness Foreign Extra Stout Anheuser-Busch Bouncer Draught beer Greene King Kvass Pabst Brewing Company Saison NoitulovE Saint Vincent Beer

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Schaefer Beer is a brand of American beer first produced in New York City during 1842 by the F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company. The company relocated to Brooklyn in the early 20th century. It went public in 1968 with a $106 million stock offering.

In order to expand capacity for regional sales and fend off competition from national brands, Schaefer began construction of a large modern brewery in Fogelsville, Pennsylvania (near Allentown) that same year. Known as the Lehigh Valley Plant, it opened in 1972. In 1974, it was expanded from its original 1.1 million barrels-per-year capacity to 2.5 million, and then enlarged again in 1975 to over 5 million barrels. (Full article...)

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Christina Nyman known as Madam Nyman (1719–1795) was a Swedish brewer. She was a major figure in contemporary Stockholm business life and known as a benefactor of culture. She is perhaps most known for establishing the Stenborg Theatre in partnership with Carl Stenborg (1784). She, as well as her brothers and nephews, belonged to the political allies of king Gustav III of Sweden among the merchant class, and he reportedly treated her as a valuable partner. (Full article...)

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... that the country song "Beer Beer, Truck Truck" was based on a viral TikTok video by Erynn Chambers intended to satirize country music?
... that 100 beerhouses were licensed in Brighton (population 40,000) in the first week after the Beerhouse Act 1830 was enacted?
... that Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority general manager Phillip Eng brews his own beer?
... that some online social and "Barstool conservatives" spent their Christmas holidays arguing about whether a beer promotional calendar was "demonic"?
... that Ein Samiya, which provides the water for Taybeh, the first beer brewed in Palestine, was depopulated in 2023 after harassment by neighboring Israeli settlers?
... that Fred G. Sullivan's film The Beer-Drinker's Guide to Fitness and Filmmaking depicts Sullivan being humiliated with mud and whips for the failings of his previous film?

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Rogue Ales is a brewery founded in 1988 in Ashland, Oregon. Rogue has pub locations in Oregon. (Full article...)

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Wort

Credit: Stinkzwam, May 2007

A bucket of wort, the liquid extracted from the mashing process during the brewing of beer or whisky. Wort contains the sugars that will be fermented by the brewing yeast to produce alcohol.

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General images

The following are images from various beer- and brewing-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1D. G. Yuengling & Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the US, established in 1829. It is also the largest craft brewer, and the 6th largest brewing company overall. (from Craft beer)
Image 2A 16th-century brewery (from Brewing)
Image 3Open vessels showing fermentation taking place (from Brewing)
Image 4Modern closed fermentation vessels (from Brewing)
Image 5Pasteur Street Brewing, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (from Craft beer)
Image 6A growler of beer from Flounder Brewing, a nanobrewery in New Jersey, US (from Craft beer)
Image 7Smoked beer from the Schlenkerla brewpub in Bamberg, Germany (from Craft beer)
Image 8A can of Juicy Ass IPA from Flying Monkeys Craft Brewery in Barrie, Ontario, Canada (from Craft beer)
Image 9A 16th-century brewery (from History of beer)
Image 10Irish Craft Beer Festival, 2015 (from Craft beer)
Image 11The Alulu beer receipt records a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BC from the Sumerian city of Umma in Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). (from Brewing)
Image 12Rock mortars in Raqefet Cave, used to make beer during the Stone Age. (from History of beer)
Image 13Bill Urquhart at Litchborough Brewery (from Craft beer)
Image 14A selection of French craft beers (from Craft beer)
Image 15Microbreweries, regional breweries, and brew pubs per capita (from Craft beer)
Image 16Malted barley before kilning or roasting (from Brewing)
Image 17Cask ales with gravity dispense at a beer festival (from Brewing)
Image 18Yeast ring used by Swedish homebrewers in the 19th century to preserve the yeast between brewing sessions. (from History of beer)
Image 19Castaña, a smoked beer with chestnuts from Cerex in Extremadura, Spain (from Craft beer)
Image 20Zoigl beers from the communal brewhouses of Oberpfalz in Germany (from Craft beer)
Image 21A beer sommelier tapping a barrel for a taste at Nebraska Brewing Company (from Craft beer)
Image 22Great Leap Brewing operates a chain of brewpubs in China (from Craft beer)
Image 23Gambrinus – king of beer (from History of beer)
Image 24Diatomaceous earth, used to create a filtration bed (from Brewing)
Image 25Traditional fermenting building (center) and modern fermenting building (left) in Pilsner Urquell Brewery (Czech Republic) (from History of beer)
Image 26Craft brewing at Allagash in Portland, Maine (from Craft beer)
Image 27A replica of ancient Egyptian beer, brewed from emmer wheat by the Courage brewery in 1996 (from History of beer)
Image 28Hop cone grown in a hop field, Hallertau, Germany (from Brewing)
Image 29Dogo Beer from Minakuchi-shuzō microbrewery in Matsuyama, Japan (from Craft beer)
Image 30A yard of ale at Jolly Brewery, Taiwan (from Craft beer)
Image 31A mash tun at the Bass Museum in Burton-upon-Trent (from Brewing)
Image 32Spontaneous fermentation at Timmermans in Belgium (from Brewing)
Image 33A funerary model of a bakery and brewery, from the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt, c. 2009–1998 BCE (from History of beer)
Image 34World beer consumption per capita (from History of beer)
Image 35Alulu beer receipt recording a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BCE, from the Sumerian city of Umma in ancient Iraq. (from History of beer)
Image 36Casks of real ale from British microbreweries at a beer festival (from Craft beer)
Image 37Põhjala Brewery, Estonia (from Craft beer)
Image 38Steamworks Brewing, Vancouver (from Craft beer)
Image 39Brew kettles at Brasserie La Choulette in France (from Brewing)
Image 40Conditioning tanks at Anchor Brewing Company (from Brewing)
Image 41Bottling beer in a modern facility, 1945, Australia (from History of beer)
Image 42Bergenhus microbrewery, Bergen, Norway (from Craft beer)
Image 43Spent grain, a brewing by-product (from Brewing)
Image 44Philistine pottery beer jug (from History of beer)
Image 45Lauter tun (from Brewing)
Image 46Robohop, a session IPA from Cervisiam in Oslo, Norway (from Craft beer)
Image 47The Caledonian Brewery, founded in 1869, Edinburgh, Scotland (from History of beer)
Image 48Mexican craft beer from Tequixquiac in Zumpango Region (from Craft beer)
Image 49A hydrometer measures beer's specific gravity (from History of beer)

Beer topics

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“

Give me a woman who truly loves beer, and I will conquer the world.

”

— Wilhelm_II_of_Germany

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Things you can do

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WikiProjects

WikiProject Beer is an association of Wikipedians with an interest in beer and beer-related subjects. They have come together to coordinate the development of beer and brewery articles here on Wikipedia. Additionally, other groups have formed other projects that entertain subjects that are directly related to beer, bartending and pubs. Additionally, the mixed drinks project covers topics that include beer cocktails. If any of these subjects pique your interest, please feel free to visit their projects. These groups would love to have you participate!

Parent project: WikiProject Food and Drink	view
Child projects:	Task forces: (All inactive)
Wikiproject Bacon (inactive) WikiProject Bartending (inactive) WikiProject Beer WikiProject Breakfast (inactive) WikiProject Fishing and Fisheries WikiProject Spirits (semi-active) Wikiproject Wine (inactive)	Beverages task force Cheeses task force Coffee and Tea task force Desserts task force Foodservice task force Herbs and Spices task force Pub task force
Related projects:
WikiProject Agriculture

Associated Wikimedia

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Wikinews
Free-content news
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Collection of quotations
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Beer and breweries by region
Africa	Cape Verde Egypt Ethiopia Kenya Morocco Nigeria South Africa Tanzania
Asia	Armenia Azerbaijan China Hong Kong Tibet India Indonesia Iran Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Malaysia Myanmar North Korea Pakistan Palestine Philippines Singapore South Korea Sri Lanka Syria Taiwan Thailand Turkey Vietnam
Europe	Albania Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany breweries Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Lithuania Moldova Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales
North America	Antigua Aruba Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Quebec Cayman Islands Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Puerto Rico Saint Lucia St. Vincent Trinidad United States breweries
South America	Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Venezuela
Oceania	Australia Fiji New Zealand
Alcohol preferences in Europe List of countries by beer consumption per capita List of microbreweries Beer portal