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* Fakhreddin Rahimi (28 June 1981)<ref name="Bill"/> – Malavi
* Fakhreddin Rahimi (28 June 1981)<ref name="Bill"/> – Malavi
* Abbas-Ali Nateq-Nouri (28 June 1981)<ref name="Bill"/> – Nour
* Abbas-Ali Nateq-Nouri (28 June 1981)<ref name="Bill"/> – Nour
* [[Mohammad Beheshti]] (28 June 1981)<ref name="Abrahamian 1989 219–220"/><ref name="Lincoln P. Bloomfield Jr. 2013 27"/><ref name="NYT 1981">{{citation|title=33 High Iranian Officials Die in Bombing at Party Meeting; Chief Judge is among Victims|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/29/world/33-high-iranian-officials-die-bombimg-party-meeting-chief-judge-among-victims.html|work=Reuters|via=The New York Times|date=29 June 1981|access-date=1 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="Navai">{{cite book |last1=Navai |first1=Ramita |title=City of Lies: Love, Sex, Death, and the Search for Truth in Tehran |publisher=Tantor Audio |isbn=978-1494556136 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gZe9AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT105&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Mousavian">{{cite book |last1=Mousavian |first1=Seyed Hossein |last2=Shahidsaless |first2=Shahir |title=Iran and the United States: An Insider’s View on the Failed Past and the Road to Peace |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-1501312069 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gZe9AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT105&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=O'Hern |first1=Steven K. |title=Iran's Revolutionary Guard: The Threat that Grows While America Sleeps |publisher=Potomac Books |isbn=978-1597977012 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Rk178rd9DkkC&pg=PT53&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Rubin">{{cite book |last1=Rubin |first1=Barry |last2=Rubin |first2=Judith Colp |title=Chronologies of Modern Terrorism |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0765620477 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ynNsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA246&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEINzAC#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref> – [[Chief Justice of Iran]]
* [[Mohammad Beheshti]] (28 June 1981)<ref name="Abrahamian 1989 219–220"/><ref name="Lincoln P. Bloomfield Jr. 2013 27"/><ref name="NYT 1981" /><ref name="Navai">{{cite book |last1=Navai |first1=Ramita |title=City of Lies: Love, Sex, Death, and the Search for Truth in Tehran |publisher=Tantor Audio |isbn=978-1494556136 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gZe9AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT105&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Mousavian">{{cite book |last1=Mousavian |first1=Seyed Hossein |last2=Shahidsaless |first2=Shahir |title=Iran and the United States: An Insider’s View on the Failed Past and the Road to Peace |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=978-1501312069 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gZe9AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT105&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=O'Hern |first1=Steven K. |title=Iran's Revolutionary Guard: The Threat that Grows While America Sleeps |publisher=Potomac Books |isbn=978-1597977012 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Rk178rd9DkkC&pg=PT53&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Rubin">{{cite book |last1=Rubin |first1=Barry |last2=Rubin |first2=Judith Colp |title=Chronologies of Modern Terrorism |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0765620477 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ynNsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA246&dq=bombing++Beheshti+MEK&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3tPWQ9N3eAhVlm-AKHW2TBsIQ6AEINzAC#v=onepage&q=bombing%20%20Beheshti%20MEK&f=false}}</ref> – [[Chief Justice of Iran]]
**On 28 June 1981, a bomb detonated at the [[Islamic Republican Party]] headquarters in [[Tehran]] killed 73, including the party's secretary-general, 4 [[Cabinet of Iran|cabinet ministers]], 10 vice ministers and 27 members of the [[Parliament of Iran]]. See [[Hafte Tir bombing]]<ref name="hrq204">{{Citation|first1=Hamid Reza|last1=Qasemi|title=Eradicating Terrorism from the Middle East|series=Policy and Administrative Approaches|chapter=Chapter 12: Iran and Its Policy Against Terrorism|volume=17|editor=Alexander R. Dawoody|isbn=978-3-319-31018-3|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-31018-3|year=2016|publisher=Springer International Publishing Switzerland|page=201}}</ref><ref name="Chronologies">{{Citation|authors=Barry Rubin, Judith Colp Rubin|title=Chronologies of Modern Terrorism|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|page=246}}</ref>
**On 28 June 1981, a bomb detonated at the [[Islamic Republican Party]] headquarters in [[Tehran]] killed 73, including the party's secretary-general, 4 [[Cabinet of Iran|cabinet ministers]], 10 vice ministers and 27 members of the [[Parliament of Iran]]. See [[Hafte Tir bombing]]<ref name="hrq204" /><ref name="Chronologies">{{Citation|authors=Barry Rubin, Judith Colp Rubin|title=Chronologies of Modern Terrorism|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|page=246}}</ref>
* Lieutenant colonel [[Lewis Lee Hawkins|Lewis L. Hawkins]] (2 June 1973)<ref name="GPO"/><ref name="Cordesman">{{cite book |last1=Cordesman |first1=Anthony H. |last2=Khazai |first2=Sam |title=Iraq in Crisis |publisher=Center for Strategic & International Studies |isbn=978-1442228559 |url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=oovOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA213&dq=Hawkins+People%27s+Mujahedin+of+Iran&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6gPe39OLeAhWBnFkKHUuxBRoQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=Hawkins%20People's%20Mujahedin%20of%20Iran&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Javadzadeh">{{cite book |last1=Javadzadeh |first1=Abdy |title=Iranian Irony: Marxists Becoming Muslims |publisher=RoseDog Press |isbn=978-1434982926 |page=170 |url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=ddae3eBHGK4C&pg=PA170&dq=Hawkins+People%27s+Mujahedin+of+Iran&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6gPe39OLeAhWBnFkKHUuxBRoQ6AEIMzAB#v=onepage&q=Hawkins%20People's%20Mujahedin%20of%20Iran&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Benliot |first1=Albert V. |title=Iran: Outlaw, Outcast Or Normal Country? |publisher=Nova Science Pub Inc; UK ed. edition |isbn=978-1560729549 |page=99 |url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=x1a6c2J49j4C&pg=PA99&dq=Hawkins+People%27s+Mujahedin+of+Iran&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6gPe39OLeAhWBnFkKHUuxBRoQ6AEIRDAE#v=onepage&q=Lewis%20Hawking&f=false}}</ref> – [[United States Army]] military adviser in Iran (the Washington Post reported that the leader of the group, Vahid Afrakhteh, one of the founders of [[Peykar]], stated that he personally killed col. Lewis Lee Hawkins in Tehran in 1973.[p.A9]).<ref>{{cite book|title=Mujahedin-E Khalq (MEK) Shackled by a Twisted History|author= Lincoln P. Bloomfield Jr. |year=2013|publisher=University of Baltimore College of Public Affairs|isbn=978-0615783840|pages=17 |quote=}}</ref>
* Lieutenant colonel [[Lewis Lee Hawkins|Lewis L. Hawkins]] (2 June 1973)<ref name="GPO"/><ref name="Cordesman">{{cite book |last1=Cordesman |first1=Anthony H. |last2=Khazai |first2=Sam |title=Iraq in Crisis |publisher=Center for Strategic & International Studies |isbn=978-1442228559 |url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=oovOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA213&dq=Hawkins+People%27s+Mujahedin+of+Iran&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6gPe39OLeAhWBnFkKHUuxBRoQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=Hawkins%20People's%20Mujahedin%20of%20Iran&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Javadzadeh">{{cite book |last1=Javadzadeh |first1=Abdy |title=Iranian Irony: Marxists Becoming Muslims |publisher=RoseDog Press |isbn=978-1434982926 |page=170 |url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=ddae3eBHGK4C&pg=PA170&dq=Hawkins+People%27s+Mujahedin+of+Iran&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6gPe39OLeAhWBnFkKHUuxBRoQ6AEIMzAB#v=onepage&q=Hawkins%20People's%20Mujahedin%20of%20Iran&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Benliot |first1=Albert V. |title=Iran: Outlaw, Outcast Or Normal Country? |publisher=Nova Science Pub Inc; UK ed. edition |isbn=978-1560729549 |page=99 |url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=x1a6c2J49j4C&pg=PA99&dq=Hawkins+People%27s+Mujahedin+of+Iran&hl=fa&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6gPe39OLeAhWBnFkKHUuxBRoQ6AEIRDAE#v=onepage&q=Lewis%20Hawking&f=false}}</ref> – [[United States Army]] military adviser in Iran (the Washington Post reported that the leader of the group, Vahid Afrakhteh, one of the founders of [[Peykar]], stated that he personally killed col. Lewis Lee Hawkins in Tehran in 1973.[p.A9]).<ref>{{cite book|title=Mujahedin-E Khalq (MEK) Shackled by a Twisted History|author= Lincoln P. Bloomfield Jr. |year=2013|publisher=University of Baltimore College of Public Affairs|isbn=978-0615783840|pages=17 |quote=}}</ref>


Revision as of 19:37, 28 January 2019

The following is a list of notable people assassinated by the People's Mujahedin of Iran. According to infoplease.com, more than 16,000 people have been killed in attacks conducted by MEK since 1979.[1] From 26 August 1981 to December 1982, it orchestrated 336 attacks.[2] The MEK was the first group carrying out suicide attacks in Iran.[3][4] During the fall of 1981 more than 1,000 officials were assassinated, including police officers, judges, and clerics. Later, many low ranking civil servants and members of the Revolutionary Guards were also targeted. It also failed to assassinate some key figures, including Iran's current leader Ali Khameni. When the security measures around officials improved, MEK started to target thousands of ordinary citizens who supported the government and Hezbollahis.[5]

Assassinations

Heads of government branches

Members of Parliament

  • Reza Kamyab (28 July 1981)[6] – Mashhad
  • Mojtaba Ozbaki (23 December 1981)[7] – Shahrekord
  • Mohammad-Taqi Besharat (28 December 1981)[8] – Semirom
  • Mojtaba Esteki (21 January 1982)[9] – MP

Military and police officers

Other officials

American citizens

Lebanese citizens

Turkish citizens

  • Çağlar Yücel (12 December 1993)[28] – A diplomat at the embassy of Turkey in Iraq

Attempted assassinations

Heads of government branches

Members of Parliament

Military and police officers

Other officials

American citizens

Islamic Republic of Iran assassinations allegations against the MEK

Disputed Assassinations

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Qasemi, Hamid Reza (2016), "Chapter 12: Iran and Its Policy Against Terrorism", in Alexander R. Dawoody (ed.), Eradicating Terrorism from the Middle East, Policy and Administrative Approaches, vol. 17, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, p. 201, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31018-3, ISBN 978-3-319-31018-3
  2. ^ Qasemi, Hamid Reza (2016), "Chapter 12: Iran and Its Policy Against Terrorism", in Alexander R. Dawoody (ed.), Eradicating Terrorism from the Middle East, Policy and Administrative Approaches, vol. 17, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, p. 204, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31018-3, ISBN 978-3-319-31018-3
  3. ^ Ramsey, Jasmin. "Iranian terrorist group has close US allies". aljazeera. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  4. ^ Milani, Abbas. "The Inside story of America's favorite Terrorist Group" (PDF). stanford.edu. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  5. ^ Mark Edmond Clark (2016), "An Analysis of the Role of the Iranian Diaspora in the Financial Support System of the Mujahedin-e-Khalq", in David Gold (ed.), Terrornomics, Routledge, p. 67, ISBN 978-1-317-04590-8
  6. ^ a b c d e f g James A. Bill (Winter 1982), "Power and Religion in Revolutionary Iran", Middle East Journal, 36 (1), TABLE 1: Shi'a Ulema in First Islamic Majlis of Iran, 1980-81, JSTOR 4326354
  7. ^ a b "2 of Ayatollah's Backers Slain". AP. The New York Times. 30 September 1981. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  8. ^ "Opponents of Aytatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's regime assassinated one of his most trusted deputies", United Press International, 28 December 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018
  9. ^ Baktiari, Bahman (1996). Parliamentary Politics in Revolutionary Iran: The Institutionalization of Factional Politics. University Press of Florida. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-8130-1461-6.
  10. ^ David R. Collier (2017), Democracy and the Nature of American Influence in Iran, 1941-1979, Syracuse University Press, ISBN 9780815653974
  11. ^ "General Assassinated Yesterday", Translations on Near East and North Africa, Joint Publications Research Service, 1975, p. 73
  12. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 1981-08-24, 198108240004
  13. ^ a b Mohsen Kazemi, ed. (30 October 2013). "Ahmad Ahmad Memoirs (54)". Oral History Weekly (137). Translated by Mohammad Karimi. Soureh Mehr Publishing Company (Original Text in Persian, 2000)
  14. ^ a b c d e f The Mujahedin-e Khalq in Iraq: a policy conundrum (PDF). RAND Corporation. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8330-4701-4. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  15. ^ a b Branigin, William (31 December 1978), "Shah's Effort to Form New Cabinet Falters", The Washington Post, retrieved 1 August 2018
  16. ^ "Iranian provincial governor assassinated", United Press International, 6 July 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018
  17. ^ a b "Iran's military prosecutor-general Ali Qoddousi was fatally wounded today", United Press International, 5 September 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018
  18. ^ "Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's personal representative in the city of Tabriz was assassinated Friday in a suicide attack", United Press International, 11 September 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018
  19. ^ "A bomb blast killed one of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's key aides and 11 other", United Press International, 11 December 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018
  20. ^ a b "Gunmen kill Iranian religious(sic)leader", United Press International, 14 March 1982, retrieved 1 June 2018
  21. ^ Abrahamian, Ervand (1989). Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. I.B. Tauris. p. 222. ISBN 1-85043-077-2.
  22. ^ "One of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's close aides was assassinated", United Press International, 15 October 1982, retrieved 1 June 2018
  23. ^ Prison claim, The Independent, 7 January 1987
  24. ^ Iranian dissidents kill prison officer, The Washington Times, 17 February 1987
  25. ^ Chronologies of Modern Terrorism. Routledge. 2015. p. 274. ISBN 9781317474654. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  26. ^ a b c d e Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, V. XXVII, Iran, Iraq, 1973–1976. Government Printing Office. 2013. p. 560. ISBN 978-0-16-090256-7. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  27. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 1980-07-28, 198007280006
  28. ^ "Killers of Turkish diplomat apologise", Independent, 13 December 1993, retrieved 1 June 2018
  29. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 1985-03-15, 198503150002
  30. ^ "Khatami survives mortar attack". BBC. 5 February 2000. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  31. ^ Hiro, Dilip (2013). Iran Under the Ayatollahs (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. p. 191. ISBN 1-135-04381-7.
  32. ^ "Guerillas in Iran injure leader's kin", Associated Press, The Boston Globe, 16 February 1987
  33. ^ Alaolmolki, Nozar (2001). Life After the Soviet Union: The Newly Independent Republics of the Transcaucasus and Central Asia. SUNY Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-7914-5138-0.
  34. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 2000-03-13, 200003130001
  35. ^ "Explosions rock Tehran". BBC. 7 January 2001. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  36. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 1982-06-15, 198206150002
  37. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 1994-04-22, 199404220012
  38. ^ "Global Terrorism Database [Data file]", National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), 1987-07-06, 198707060010
  39. ^ "Grenade attack against Iran judge". BBC. 5 January 1999. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  40. ^ Newton, Michael (2002), "MacArthur, Douglas II (Intended victim)", The Encyclopedia of Kidnappings, Facts on File Crime Library, Infobase Publishing, p. 178, ISBN 9781438129884
  41. ^ a b Gibson, Bryan R. (2016), Sold Out? US Foreign Policy, Iraq, the Kurds, and the Cold War, Facts on File Crime Library, Springer, p. 136, ISBN 9781137517159
  42. ^ "Around the World; Iran Leftists Assassinate Candidate for Parliament", The New York Times, 23 July 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018
  43. ^ a b c d e "33 High Iranian Officials Die in Bombing at Party Meeting; Chief Judge is among Victims", Reuters, 29 June 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018 – via The New York Times
  44. ^ "A New Slaying, More Executions in Iran". Reuters. The New York Times. 30 September 1981. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  45. ^ "Iranian General Is Assassinated in Teheran", Reuters, 11 April 1999, retrieved 1 June 2018 – via The New York Times
  46. ^ "Beheshti Funeral Draws Big", Reuters, 30 June 1981, retrieved 1 June 2018 – via The New York Times
  47. ^ a b Abrahamian, Ervand (1989). Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. I.B. Tauris. pp. 219–220. ISBN 978-1-85043-077-3.
  48. ^ a b Lincoln P. Bloomfield Jr. (2013). Mujahedin-E Khalq (MEK) Shackled by a Twisted History. University of Baltimore College of Public Affairs. p. 27. ISBN 978-0615783840.
  49. ^ Navai, Ramita. City of Lies: Love, Sex, Death, and the Search for Truth in Tehran. Tantor Audio. ISBN 978-1494556136.
  50. ^ Mousavian, Seyed Hossein; Shahidsaless, Shahir. Iran and the United States: An Insider’s View on the Failed Past and the Road to Peace. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1501312069.
  51. ^ O'Hern, Steven K. Iran's Revolutionary Guard: The Threat that Grows While America Sleeps. Potomac Books. ISBN 978-1597977012.
  52. ^ Rubin, Barry; Rubin, Judith Colp. Chronologies of Modern Terrorism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0765620477.
  53. ^ Chronologies of Modern Terrorism, Routledge, 2015, p. 246 {{citation}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  54. ^ Cordesman, Anthony H.; Khazai, Sam. Iraq in Crisis. Center for Strategic & International Studies. ISBN 978-1442228559.
  55. ^ Javadzadeh, Abdy. Iranian Irony: Marxists Becoming Muslims. RoseDog Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-1434982926.
  56. ^ Benliot, Albert V. Iran: Outlaw, Outcast Or Normal Country?. Nova Science Pub Inc; UK ed. edition. p. 99. ISBN 978-1560729549.
  57. ^ Lincoln P. Bloomfield Jr. (2013). Mujahedin-E Khalq (MEK) Shackled by a Twisted History. University of Baltimore College of Public Affairs. p. 17. ISBN 978-0615783840.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_assassinated_by_the_People%27s_Mujahedin_of_Iran&diff=prev&oldid=880675375

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