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{{Short description|1933 manifesto}}
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'''''A Humanist Manifesto''''', also known as ''Humanist Manifesto I'' to distinguish it from later [[Humanist Manifesto]]s in the series, was written in 1933 primarily by [[Raymond Bragg]] and published with 34 signers. Unlike the later manifestos, this first talks of a new [[religion]] and refers to humanism as a religious movement meant to transcend and replace previous, deity-based systems. Nevertheless, it is careful not to express a [[creed]] or [[dogma]]. The document outlines fifteen affirmations on cosmology, biological and cultural evolution, human nature, epistemology, ethics, religion, self-fulfillment, and the quest for freedom and social justice. This latter, stated in article fourteen, proved to be the most controversial, even among humanists, in its opposition to "acquisitive and profit-motivated society" and its call for an egalitarian world community based on voluntary mutual cooperation. The document's release was reported by the mainstream media on May 1, simultaneous with its publication in the May/June 1933 issue of the ''[[New Humanist]]''.
{{italic title}}
⚫
'''''A Humanist Manifesto''''', also known as '''''Humanist Manifesto I''''' to distinguish it from later ''[[Humanist Manifesto]]s'' in the series, was written in 1933 primarily by [[Raymond Bragg]] and published with 34 signers. Unlike the later manifestos, this first talks of a new [[religion]] and refers to humanism as "the religion of the future."<ref name=theisticandnot /> Nevertheless, it is careful not to express a [[creed]] or [[dogma]].<ref name=theisticandnot>{{cite web | url=http://huumanists.org/about/religious-humanism | title=About Religious Humanism | date=4 July 2012 }}</ref> The document outlines fifteen affirmations on cosmology, biological and cultural evolution, human nature, [[epistemology]], ethics, religion, self-fulfillment, and the quest for freedom and social justice. This latter, stated in article fourteen, proved to be the most controversial, even among humanists, in its opposition to "acquisitive and profit-motivated society" and its demand for an egalitarian world community based on voluntary mutual cooperation. The document's release was reported by the mainstream media on May 1, simultaneous with its publication in the May/June 1933 issue of the ''[[New Humanist]]''.


Two manifestos followed: ''[[Humanist Manifesto II]]'' in 1973 and ''[[Humanism and Its Aspirations]]'' in 2003, rendering the first manifesto a historic document only.
Two manifestos followed: ''[[Humanist Manifesto II]]'' in 1973 and ''[[Humanism and Its Aspirations]]'' in 2003.


== List of signers ==
== List of signers ==


Of the 65 people who were asked to sign, 34 accepted. About half (15) were [[Unitarianism|Unitarians]]. <ref>[http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/edwin_wilson/manifesto/preface.html Preface<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The 34 were:
Of the 65 people who were asked to sign, 34 accepted. About half (15) were [[Unitarianism|Unitarians]].<ref>[http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/edwin_wilson/manifesto/preface.html Preface<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The 34 were:


*[[J.A.C. Fagginger Auer]] (Parkman Professor of Church History and Theology, Harvard University; Professor of church history, Tufts College.)
*[[J. A. C. Fagginger Auer]] (Parkman Professor of Church History and Theology, [[Harvard University]]; Professor of church history, [[Tufts College]].)
*[[E. Burdette Backus]] (Unitarian minister.)
*[[E. Burdette Backus]] (minister, [[First Unitarian Church of Los Angeles]])
*[[Harry Elmer Barnes]] (general editorial department, Scripps-Howard Newspapers.)
*[[Harry Elmer Barnes]] (general editorial department, [[Scripps-Howard Newspapers]].)
*[[L.M. Birkhead]] (the Liberal Center, Kansas City, Missouri.)
*[[L. M. Birkhead]] (the Liberal Center, [[Kansas City, Missouri]].)
*[[Raymond B. Bragg]] (secretary, Western Unitarian Conference.)
*[[Raymond B. Bragg]] (secretary, Western Unitarian Conference.)
*[[Edwin Burtt|Edwin Arthur Burtt]] (professor of philosophy, Sage School of Philosophy, Cornell University.)
*[[Edwin Burtt|Edwin Arthur Burtt]] (professor of philosophy, Sage School of Philosophy, [[Cornell University]].)
*[[Ernest Caldecott]] (minister, First Unitarian Church, Los Angeles, California.)
*[[Ernest Caldecott]] (minister, [[First Unitarian Church of Los Angeles]], California.)
*[[A.J. Carlson]] (professor of physiology, University of Chicago.)
*[[A. J. Carlson]] (professor of physiology, [[University of Chicago]].)
*[[John Dewey]] (Columbia University.)
*[[John Dewey]] ([[Columbia University]].)
*[[Albert C. Dieffenbach]] (former editor of the ''Christian Register.)''
*[[Albert C. Dieffenbach]] (former editor of the ''[[Christian Register]].)''
*[[John H. Dietrich]] (minister, First Unitarian Society, Minneapolis.)
*[[John H. Dietrich]] (minister, [[First_Unitarian_Society_of_Minneapolis|First Unitarian Society]], Minneapolis.)
*[[Bernard Fantus]] (professor of therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois.)
*[[Bernard Fantus]] (professor of therapeutics, College of Medicine, [[University of Illinois]].)
*[[William Floyd (editor)|William Floyd]] (editor of the ''Arbitrator,'' New York City.)
*[[William Floyd (editor)|William Floyd]] (editor of the ''Arbitrator,'' New York City.)
*[[F.H. Hankins]] (professor of economics and sociology, Smith College.)
*[[Frank H. Hankins|F.H. Hankins]] (professor of economics and sociology, [[Smith College]].)
*[[A. Eustace Haydon]] (professor of history of religions, University of Chicago.)
*[[A. Eustace Haydon]] (professor of history of religions, University of Chicago.)
*[[Llewellyn Jones]] (literary critic and author.)
*[[Llewellyn Jones]] (literary critic and author.)
*[[Robert Morss Lovett]] (editor, ''The New Republic;'' professor of English, University of Chicago.)
*[[Robert Morss Lovett]] (editor, ''[[The New Republic]];'' professor of English, University of Chicago.)
*[[Harold P. Marley]] (minister, the Fellowship of Liberal Religion, Ann Arbor, Michigan.)
*[[Harold P. Marley]] (minister, the Fellowship of Liberal Religion, [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]].)
*[[R. Lester Mondale]] (minister, Unitarian Church, Evanston, Illinois.)
*[[R. Lester Mondale]] (minister, Unitarian Church, [[Evanston, Illinois]].)
*[[Charles Francis Potter]] (leader and founder, the First Humanist Society of New York, Inc.)
*[[Charles Francis Potter]] (leader and founder, the First Humanist Society of New York, Inc.)
*[[John Herman Randall, Jr.]] (department of philosophy, Columbia University.)
*[[John Herman Randall, Jr.]] (department of philosophy, Columbia University.)
*[[Curtis W. Reese]] (dean, Abraham Lincoln Center, Chicago.)
*[[Curtis W. Reese]] (dean, [[Abraham Lincoln Center]], [[Chicago]].)
*[[Oliver L. Reiser]] (associate professor of philosophy, University of Pittsburgh.)
*[[Oliver L. Reiser]] (associate professor of philosophy, [[University of Pittsburgh]].)
*[[Roy Wood Sellars]] (professor of philosophy, University of Michigan.)
*[[Roy Wood Sellars]] (professor of philosophy, [[University of Michigan]].)
*[[Clinton Lee Scott]] (minister, Universalist Church, Peoria, Illinois.)
*[[Clinton Lee Scott]] (minister, Universalist Church, [[Peoria, Illinois]].)
*[[Maynard Shipley]] (president, the Science League of America.)
*[[Maynard Shipley]] (president, the [[Science League of America]].)
*[[W. Frank Swift]] (director, Boston Ethical Society.)
*[[W. Frank Swift]] (director, [[Boston Ethical Society]].)
*[[V.T. Thayer]] (educational director, Ethical Culture Schools.)
*[[V. T. Thayer]] (educational director, Ethical Culture Schools.)
*[[Eldred C. Vanderlaan]] (leader of the Free Fellowship, Berkeley, California.)
*[[Eldred C. Vanderlaan]] (leader of the Free Fellowship, [[Berkeley, California]].)
*[[Joseph Walker (attorney)|Joseph Walker]] (attorney, Boston, Massachusetts.)
*[[Joseph Walker (attorney)|Joseph Walker]] (attorney, [[Boston, Massachusetts]].)
*[[Jacob J. Weinstein]] (rabbi; advisor to Jewish Students, Columbia University.)
*[[Jacob J. Weinstein]] (rabbi; advisor to Jewish Students, Columbia University.)
*[[Frank S.C. Wicks]] (All Souls Unitarian Church, Indianapolis.)
*[[Frank S. C. Wicks]] (All Souls Unitarian Church, [[Indianapolis]].)
*[[David Rhys Williams]] (minister, Unitarian Church, Rochester, New York.)
*[[David Rhys Williams]] (minister, Unitarian Church, [[Rochester, New York]].)
*[[Edwin H. Wilson]] (managing editor, the New Humanist, Chicago, Illinois; minister, Third Unitarian Church, Chicago, Illinois.)
*[[Edwin H. Wilson]] (managing editor, the New Humanist, Chicago, Illinois; minister, Third Unitarian Church, Chicago, Illinois.)


A 35th signature, that of [[Alson Robinson]], came in too late for it to be published with the other 34.
A 35th signature, that of [[Alson Robinson]], came in too late for it to be published with the other 34.


== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== References and external links ==
== External links ==


* ''[http://www.americanhumanist.org/about/manifesto1.html Humanist Manifesto I]''
* ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20111107221355/http://www.americanhumanist.org/who_we_are/about_humanism/Humanist_Manifesto_I Humanist Manifesto I]''
* [http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/edwin_wilson/manifesto/index.shtml ''The Genesis of a Humanist Manifesto''] by [[Edwin H. Wilson]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050418064219/http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/edwin_wilson/manifesto/index.shtml ''The Genesis of a Humanist Manifesto''] by [[Edwin H. Wilson]]


{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Humanism]]

[[Category:Secularism]]
[[Category:Humanist manifestos]]
[[Category:Nontheism publications]]
[[Category:Works originally published in New Humanist]]
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[[Category:1933 documents]]


{{reli-stub}}

Latest revision as of 16:30, 29 March 2024

A Humanist Manifesto, also known as Humanist Manifesto I to distinguish it from later Humanist Manifestos in the series, was written in 1933 primarily by Raymond Bragg and published with 34 signers. Unlike the later manifestos, this first talks of a new religion and refers to humanism as "the religion of the future."[1] Nevertheless, it is careful not to express a creed or dogma.[1] The document outlines fifteen affirmations on cosmology, biological and cultural evolution, human nature, epistemology, ethics, religion, self-fulfillment, and the quest for freedom and social justice. This latter, stated in article fourteen, proved to be the most controversial, even among humanists, in its opposition to "acquisitive and profit-motivated society" and its demand for an egalitarian world community based on voluntary mutual cooperation. The document's release was reported by the mainstream media on May 1, simultaneous with its publication in the May/June 1933 issue of the New Humanist.

Two manifestos followed: Humanist Manifesto II in 1973 and Humanism and Its Aspirations in 2003.

List of signers[edit]

Of the 65 people who were asked to sign, 34 accepted. About half (15) were Unitarians.[2] The 34 were:

A 35th signature, that of Alson Robinson, came in too late for it to be published with the other 34.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "About Religious Humanism". 4 July 2012.
  2. ^ Preface

External links[edit]


source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Humanist_Manifesto_I&diff=1216186369&oldid=244709032

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