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}}</ref> as well as a number of political parties and organisations on the left of British politics most of which are ordinarily described as ''[[far left]]''. |
}}</ref> as well as a number of political parties and organisations on the left of British politics most of which are ordinarily described as ''[[far left]]''. |
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In 1997 [[Paul Anderson (UK journalist)|Paul Anderson]] and Nyta Mann wrote: |
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<blockquote>Labour [in the early 1980s] was ... in the depths of the fratricidal blood-letting that had engulfed it after the [[1979 general election (UK)|defeat]] of [[Jim Callaghan]]'s government. The activist left in the constituency parties and the trade unions, with support from some left MPs, most notably Tony Benn, was in revolt against what it saw as the failure of the [[Labour Government 1974–79|1974–9 government]] to put Labour's principles into practice. On policy, it was insistent that Labour adopt unambiguously radical positions, particularly [[Withdrawal from the European Union|withdrawal]] from the [[European Economic Community]] and [[unilateral nuclear disarmament]] ... But the activists' biggest priority was to make the [[Parliamentary Labour Party]] accountable to the party as a whole ... The left coalition [the Campaign for Labour Party Democracy] was a bizarre mix of radical democrats, [[Leninism|Leninists]] old and new, traditional Labour leftists, feminists, libertarians and decentralists. It was notoriously unstable, not least because it could not agree on the detail of its proposed reforms to the party constitution, and was already beginning to divide into a hard left that wanted to push the revolt to its limit and a soft left that was prepared to compromise.<ref>Anderson and Mann, [http://web.archive.org/web/20051109121404/http://www.granta.com/books/chapters/31 ''Safety First: The Making of New Labour''], Granta, 1997, ISBN 1-86207-070-9 chapter 31. Archived from [http://www.granta.com/books/chapters/31 the original] on 9 November 2005.</ref></blockquote> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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Revision as of 12:34, 1 November 2015
Hard left is a political term similar in meaning to far left [1] and is often used in contrast with the soft left,[2] particularly when discussing political tendencies within the UK Labour Party and is used to describe the British Left, both inside and outside the Labour Party.[3]
The term often has negative connatations [4] and has been used by Labour's political opponents, notably during the Conservative Party's election campaigns of the early 1990s, and in the conservative media;[5] however, centre-left and non-partisan publications occasionally use the term.[6]
The term hard left was sometimes used in the 1980s to describe Trotskyist groups such as the Militant tendency, Socialist Organiser and Socialist Action.[7] The hard left was more influenced by Marxism, while the soft left had a more gradualist approach to building socialism. Politicians commonly described as being on the hard left of the Labour Party include Derek Hatton, Ken Livingstone,[8] Dennis Skinner,[9] Eric Heffer[10] as well as a number of political parties and organisations on the left of British politics most of which are ordinarily described as far left.
In 1997 Paul Anderson and Nyta Mann wrote:
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Labour [in the early 1980s] was ... in the depths of the fratricidal blood-letting that had engulfed it after the defeat of Jim Callaghan's government. The activist left in the constituency parties and the trade unions, with support from some left MPs, most notably Tony Benn, was in revolt against what it saw as the failure of the 1974–9 government to put Labour's principles into practice. On policy, it was insistent that Labour adopt unambiguously radical positions, particularly withdrawal from the European Economic Community and unilateral nuclear disarmament ... But the activists' biggest priority was to make the Parliamentary Labour Party accountable to the party as a whole ... The left coalition [the Campaign for Labour Party Democracy] was a bizarre mix of radical democrats, Leninists old and new, traditional Labour leftists, feminists, libertarians and decentralists. It was notoriously unstable, not least because it could not agree on the detail of its proposed reforms to the party constitution, and was already beginning to divide into a hard left that wanted to push the revolt to its limit and a soft left that was prepared to compromise.[11]
See also
References
- ^ "hard-left (ˈhɑːdˌlɛft)".
- ^ Gerard Alexander (1 January 2002). The Sources of Democratic Consolidation. Cornell University Press. p. 75. ISBN 0-8014-3947-7.
- ^ Paul Anderson; Nyta Mann (January 1997). Safety First: The Making of New Labour. Granta Books. ISBN 978-1-86207-070-7.
- ^ John Wilson (1996). Understanding Journalism: A Guide to Issues. Psychology Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-415-11599-5.
Condemnation by label is a favourite tactic of political antagonism...Descriptions like 'hard left', 'far left' ... all have extra connotations, political under-meanings to damage the people they describe
- ^ James Curran (29 July 2005). Culture Wars: The Media and the British Left. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 196, 209.
- ^ Use by BBC:
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- "Kinnock attacks hard left", BBC World Service. 18 September 1998.
- Shepherd, Jessica. "NUT members decry rising influence of 'hard left' within teachers' union", The Guardian. 1 April 2013.
- Merill, Jamie. "Labour sets 100 staff to root out ineligible supporters as hard-left groups deny infiltrating election to support Jeremy Corbyn" The Independent. 8 August 2015.
- ^ Eric Shaw (1 January 1988). Discipline and Discord in the Labour Party: The Politics of Managerial Control in the Labour Party, 1951-87. Manchester University Press. p. 267. ISBN 978-0-7190-2483-2.
- ^ Hill, Dave (2002). Marxism Against Postmodernism in Educational Theory. Lexington Books. p. 188. ISBN 0739103466.
- ^ Andrew Roth (20 March 2001). "Dennis Skinner". The Guardian. Andrew Roth's parliament profiles.
- ^ Thorpe, Andrew (2008). A History of the British Labour Party (3rd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. p. 228. ISBN 1137248157.
- ^ Anderson and Mann, Safety First: The Making of New Labour, Granta, 1997, ISBN 1-86207-070-9 chapter 31. Archived from the original on 9 November 2005.