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Glenn Youngkin
74th Governor of Virginia
Assumed office
January 15, 2022
LieutenantWinsome Sears
Preceded byRalph Northam
Personal details
Born
Glenn Allen Youngkin

(1966-12-09) December 9, 1966 (age 57)
Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
Suzanne Youngkin
​
(m. 1995)​
Children4
ResidenceExecutive Mansion
EducationRice University (BA, BS)
Harvard University (MBA)
Signature

Glenn Allen Youngkin (born December 9, 1966) is an American businessman and politician serving as the 74th governor of Virginia since January 15, 2022. A member of the Republican Party, Youngkin defeated former Democratic governor Terry McAuliffe in the 2021 Virginia gubernatorial election.[1][2] Prior to entering politics, he spent 25 years at the private-equity firm the Carlyle Group, where he became co–CEO in 2018.[3] Youngkin stepped down from the Carlyle Group in September 2020, and announced his candidacy for the 2021 Virginia gubernatorial election in January 2021.[4]

Early life and education

Glenn Allen Youngkin[5] was born in Richmond, Virginia,[6] on December 9, 1966.[7] He is the son of Ellis (née Quinn) and Carroll Wayne Youngkin. His father played basketball for Duke University and worked in accounting and finance.[8] When Youngkin was a teenager, the family moved from Richmond to Virginia Beach.[9] He attended Norfolk Academy in Norfolk, Virginia, graduating in 1985.[10] He received numerous high school basketball honors.[11]

Youngkin attended Rice University in Houston, Texas on a basketball scholarship.[12] He played four seasons for the Owls in the Southwest Conference, and he totaled 82 points and 67 rebounds in his career.[13] In 1990, he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in managerial studies and a Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering.[14][15] He attended Harvard Business School and earned a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree in 1994.[16]

Career

Early career

After graduating from Rice in 1990, Youngkin joined the investment bank First Boston,[15] where he handled mergers and acquisitions and capital market financing.[17] The company was bought out by Credit Suisse and became Credit Suisse First Boston; Youngkin left in 1992 to pursue an MBA.[18][15]

In 1994, after receiving his MBA, he joined the management consulting firm McKinsey & Company.[18][15][19]

The Carlyle Group

In August 1995,[19] Youngkin joined the private-equity firm The Carlyle Group, based in Washington, D.C.,[18] initially as a member of the US buyout team.[15] In 1999, he was named a partner and managing director of Carlyle.[20][21] He managed the firm's United Kingdom buyout team (2000–2005)[15][22] and global industrial sector investment team (2005–2008), dividing his time between London and Washington.[20][23]

In April 2008, Carlyle's founders asked Youngkin to step back from deal-making to focus on the firm's broader strategy.[3][24] In 2009, the founders created a seven-person operating committee, chaired by Youngkin, which oversaw the non-deal, day-to-day operations of Carlyle.[24][25] In 2009 Youngkin also joined, along with Daniel Akerson, the firm's executive committee, which had previously consisted solely of the three founders.[25][26]

When Carlyle's chief financial officer Peter Nachtwey left suddenly in late 2010, Youngkin became interim CFO[27] until Adena Friedman was hired as CFO late March 2011.[28] In 2010, Youngkin joined the firm's management committee.[29][24] Youngkin was chief operating officer of the Carlyle Group from March 2011 until June 2014.[30]

Youngkin played a major role in taking Carlyle public, supervising the initial public offering.[24][31][32][27][33][34]

In June 2014, he became co-president and co-chief operating officer with Michael J. Cavanagh, who joined the Carlyle Group from JPMorgan Chase.[35][36] Together they helped develop and implement the firm's growth initiatives and managed the firm's operations on a day-to-day basis.[37] Cavanagh left the firm in May 2015 to become CFO of Comcast, leaving Youngkin as president and COO of Carlyle.[38]

Co-CEO

In October 2017, the Carlyle Group announced that its founders would remain executive chairmen on the board of directors but step down as the day-to-day leaders of the firm; they named Youngkin and Kewsong Lee to succeed them, as co-CEOs, effective January 1, 2018.[3] As co-CEOs, Youngkin oversaw Carlyle's real estate, energy, infrastructure businesses, and investment solutions businesses; Lee oversaw the firm's corporate private equity and global credit businesses.[39][40] Youngkin and Lee also joined the firm's board of directors when they became co-CEOs.[34]

During Youngkin and Lee's tenure as co-CEOs, they oversaw the firm's transition from a publicly traded partnership into a corporation.[41][42][43]

Bloomberg News described the co-CEO relationship as "awkward ... and increasingly acrimonious".[33] The publication later wrote that Lee "quickly established dominance, diminishing Youngkin’s clout."[44] This was largely due to Lee being given control of the corporate private equity and global credit units at the onset, which were bigger and more profitable than the others.[45][46] In July 2020, Youngkin announced that he would retire from the Carlyle Group at the end of September 2020, after serving as co-CEO for 2  1⁄2 years, stating his intention to focus on community and public service efforts.[33][47][41] In 2020, Youngkin and his wife founded a nonprofit, Virginia Ready Initiative, focusing on connecting unemployed people in the state with job-training programs and potential employers.[48][49][50][51]

2021 gubernatorial election

Main article: 2021 Virginia gubernatorial election
Final results by county and independent city:
Glenn Youngkin
  •   Youngkin—80–90%
  •   Youngkin—70–80%
  •   Youngkin—60–70%
  •   Youngkin—50–60%
  •   Youngkin—40–50%
  •   McAuliffe—50–60%
  •   McAuliffe—60–70%
  •   McAuliffe—70–80%
  •   McAuliffe—80–90%

In January 2021, Youngkin announced that he would seek the Republican Party of Virginia's nomination for governor of Virginia.[52][9] A first-time candidate, Youngkin's personal wealth gave him the ability to self-fund his candidacy,[53][54] and he spent at least $5.5 million of his own money on his primary campaign.[55] Youngkin was endorsed by Ted Cruz during the primary; Cruz has described Youngkin as a close family friend.[56][57][58] Youngkin had previously donated to Cruz's 2018 re-election campaign.[58]

Youngkin won the nomination at the party's state convention on May 10, 2021, after multiple rounds of ranked-choice voting at 39 locations across the state. He defeated six other candidates.[55] All the Republican candidates, including Youngkin, stressed their support for Donald Trump and Trumpism, although other candidates for the nomination, such as state senator Amanda Chase, were the most vocally pro-Trump.[54][59] After winning the party's nomination, Youngkin was endorsed by Trump.[59] Youngkin called the endorsement an "honor"[59] but sought to distance himself from some of Trump's most ardent supporters.[60] The New York Times wrote in October that Youngkin had sought to localize the race.[61] Youngkin openly courted both Trump supporters and never-Trump voters.[62]

Youngkin faced the Democratic nominee, former governor Terry McAuliffe, in the general election. On July 12, 2021, Youngkin declined to face McAuliffe in the Virginia Bar Association debate, citing his objection to the moderator, Judy Woodruff, for a donation she made to the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund in 2010. The VBA had held a gubernatorial debate every election year since 1985.[63] McAuliffe and Youngkin went on to debate two times during the campaign.[64][65]

According to PolitiFact, before the Republican convention, Youngkin "toed a delicate line when asked if Biden was legitimately elected. He acknowledged that Biden was president but would not clearly say whether he thought the president was fairly elected. After the convention, Youngkin began acknowledging that Biden's election was legitimate."[66] Amanda Chase, who has advanced conspiracy theories about the 2020 election, acted as a campaign surrogate for Youngkin,[67] and the Associated Press noted that Youngkin "failed to refute a conspiracy theory" about the 2020 election;[68] when asked at one of his rallies if Trump could be restored as president, Youngkin replied "I don’t know the particulars about how that can happen because what’s happening in the court system is moving slowly and it’s unclear."[68][69][70]

Youngkin made a campaign appearance with Mike Pence in August,[71] and former Trump advisor Steve Bannon spoke in support of Youngkin at an October rally, which also featured a video appearance from Trump. Youngkin did not personally attend the October rally, although he thanked the host for holding it.[72][73] He later called it "weird and wrong" when that rally opened with attendees pledging allegiance to a flag that had flown, in the words of the event emcee, "at the peaceful rally with Donald J. Trump on Jan. 6."[74]

When asked by Axios during the campaign whether he would have voted to certify Biden's election had he been a member of Congress at the time, Youngkin initially refused to answer. A few days later, Youngkin's campaign released a statement confirming that Youngkin would have voted to certify Biden's election.[75] Youngkin continued to emphasize "election integrity" as a major campaign issue and has supported stricter voting laws, such as a photo ID requirement.[76][77]

During his second debate against McAuliffe, Youngkin stated that McAuliffe had vetoed legislation that would have required schools to inform parents about sexually explicit content in educational materials.[78][79] McAuliffe defended his veto, saying: "'I'm not going to let parents come into schools and actually take books out and make their own decision... I don’t think parents should be telling schools what they should teach'".[80][81][79] This quote was described by Politico as "a widely perceived gaffe that Republicans quickly pounced on",[82] and Youngkin used it to create an attack ad.[83][84] Following the election, Newsweek cited polling data showing that McAuliffe's comment on the veto had been "a major factor in the race".[85]

The legislation discussed by Youngkin and McAuliffe during their debate exchange had originated when a conservative activist attempted to have the book Beloved by Toni Morrison removed from high school curriculums in Virginia. This activist was featured in an ad for Youngkin's campaign, although the ad did not specify which book the activist had opposed or that her child had been a high school senior when the book was assigned.[86][87][88] Youngkin's focus on the legislation, known as the "Beloved Bill", was criticized by Virginia Democrats, who accused him of targeting a black author. Both McAuliffe and Richmond mayor Levar Stoney called Youngkin's use of this issue "a racist dog whistle".[86][87][89] Youngkin countered that some Virginia Democrats had voted for the bill.[87][89] NBC News wrote that Beloved "erupted as a flashpoint in the closing days of Virginia's race for governor",[89] and The Washington Post wrote shortly before the election that the book had "suddenly become the hottest topic" in the campaign.[86]

On November 2, 2021, Youngkin defeated McAuliffe, 50.58%-48.64%.[90] Before the 2021 elections, Republicans had not prevailed in a statewide race in Virginia since 2009.[91] Youngkin's victory was attributed to a coalition of voters consisting of both Trump supporters and some suburban residents who had supported Joe Biden in 2020.[92][93]

Governor of Virginia (2022–present)

Inauguration

Youngkin was sworn in as governor on January 15, 2022. He took office alongside his Republican ticket mates, Lieutenant Governor Winsome Sears, the first woman of color elected to statewide office in Virginia, and Attorney General Jason Miyares, the first Latino elected to statewide office in the state.[94] The Washington Post called this ticket "historically diverse"[95] and reported that it was a sign of "inroads" made by the Republican Party "in the African American and Latino communities."[96] Former Democratic Governor of Virginia Douglas Wilder commented after the election that Republicans had "one-upped" Democrats with the historic achievement, which, he said, showed that Democrats "can't take the [Black] community for granted."[96]

Youngkin was inaugurated two years into the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.[94] His first week in office coincided with the January 14–17, 2022 North American winter storm.[97][98] The Richmond Times-Dispatch reported that the morning before his inauguration, Youngkin participated in a community service project at "the Reconciliation Statue along the Richmond Slave Trail in Shockoe Bottom, which was home to the second largest domestic slave market in the United States before the Civil War."[99] Later that night, an inauguration eve party was held for Youngkin at the Omni Richmond Hotel.[99] Another inauguration eve event for Youngkin was later held at the Science Museum of Virginia.[99][100] On the night of his inauguration, Youngkin held a celebratory event at the Richmond Main Street Station.[94][101]

The Washington Post wrote that Youngkin's inaugural address "delivered the blend of religious confidence and boardroom bravado that powered his victory",[94] while The Associated Press characterized the address as one that carried "a tone of bipartisanship and optimism".[100] The Washington Post noted that Youngkin used the address to criticize modern politics as "too toxic", but also wrote that, immediately after the address, Youngkin "stirred partisan rancor" by signing a series of polarizing executive actions.[94] The publication noted that Youngkin's praise for the COVID-19 vaccine "fell flat with the largely mask-free crowd".[94] Along with NPR, it reported that Youngkin's biggest applause was for a line about "removing politics from the classroom".[94][102]

Day One executive actions

After his inauguration, Youngkin signed eleven executive actions. The first of these bans the teaching of what it calls "inherently divisive concepts" and identifies critical race theory as one such concept.[103][94][104] While critical race theory has been widely discussed by teachers at workshops sponsored by the Virginia Department of Education, it has never been endorsed by the department or included in the state’s public school curriculum.[105][94] The Washington Post has noted that although critical race theory specifically refers to "an academic framework that examines how policies and laws perpetuate systemic racism in the United States", the term has been reappropriated by conservatives "as a catchall symbolizing schools’ equity and diversity work."[104] In his executive order, Youngkin characterized critical race theory and related concepts as "political indoctrination" that "instruct students to only view life through the lens of race and presumes that some students are consciously or unconsciously racist, sexist, or oppressive, and that other students are victims."[103][106] Frederick Hess, education policy director at the American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think tank, approved of the order as "sensible and thoughtful and well-written".[104] Youngkin's stance on critical race theory has been condemned by leaders of the Virginia Legislative Black Caucus,[104][107][108] and according to The Richmond Times-Dispatch, has "alarmed many educators" in the state.[109] Youngkin's critics, the publication wrote, view the banning of critical race theory as an attempt to "whitewash" history and "erase black history".[109]

Two of the executive actions signed by Youngkin on his first day in office rescinded COVID-19 regulations that had been enacted by the previous administration; one of these actions rescinded the state's mask mandate for public schools; the other rescinded the COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all state employees. Additionally, one of Youngkin's Day One executive orders called for a reevaluation of the workplace safety standards that had been adopted by the Northam administration as a protection against COVID-19.[103]

The other executive actions taken by Youngkin on his first day in office were devoted to firing and replacing the entire Virginia Parole Board, calling for the state's Attorney General to investigate the handling of sexual assaults that had recently occurred in the Loudoun County public school system, initiating reviews of the state's parole board, the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles, and the Virginia Employment Commission, creating commissions to combat antisemitism and human trafficking, ordering state agencies under Youngkin's authority to reduce nonmandatory regulations by 25%, and calling for the state to reevaluate its membership in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative.[94][103][110]

Two lawsuits have been brought against Youngkin's executive order rescinding Virginia's public school mask mandate. One of the lawsuits has been brought by a group of parents in the state and the other has been brought by seven of the state's school boards.[111][112][113] The lawsuits argue that Youngkin's executive order infringes upon local control given to Virginia school boards by the state constitution and is in violation of an existing state law requiring that Virginia public schools comply with CDCP health guidelines "to the maximum extent practicable".[113][114] Youngkin has called on Virginia parents to cooperate with school principals while the lawsuits are ongoing.[111][113] On February 4, 2022, a Virginia judge ruled to allow mask mandates to be temporarily retained in the seven school districts that had sued to stop Youngkin's order while their case proceeded through the courts.[115]

Former Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Bill Bolling, a Republican, condemned Youngkin's repeal of public school mask mandates, saying that it introduced "unnecessary controversy, confusion and litigation" and calling it "in direct conflict with an existing state law."[108]

The legality of Youngkin using an executive order to ban critical race theory has also been called into question.[116][117] VPM News reported that Youngkin's critics view the order as "unenforceable".[117] The Washington Post noted that no governor had "banned critical race theory via executive order" before Youngkin and predicted that any such order would face court challenges, writing that it was "not clear" whether Youngkin would be exceeding his legal authority by issuing such an order.[116] The publication further noted that Youngkin's first executive orders had gone "far beyond the practice of his predecessors in the Executive Mansion over the past 20 years".[108] While each of those predecessors had focused their first executive actions on what the publication called "less incendiary topics", such as anti-discrimination protections and policy studies, The Washington Post wrote that Youngkin's first executive actions, "by contrast...poked a stick directly into a host of polarizing issues".[108]

Cabinet

Youngkin began announcing nominations for his sixteen member cabinet on December 20, 2021 and did not finish the process until after his inauguration.[118][119][120][121] According to The Washington Post, Youngkin assembled his cabinet at a slower pace than prior Virginia governors.[122][123][124] Commenting on this process, the publication wrote in December 2021, "The slow pace has turned the quadrennial parlor game of predicting Cabinet picks into a far more protracted and opaque process [than usual], with lobbyists, interest groups and other Richmond insiders left guessing what the new administration might look like. Youngkin’s practice of sidestepping many policy specifics during the campaign has only heightened the anticipation."[122]

Several news outlets noted that Youngkin's focus on education as a campaign priority was reflected in his decision to begin announcing his cabinet nominees with his choice for Secretary of Education.[118][125][126] Although Youngkin suggested while campaigning for the Republican gubernatorial nomination that he would name his then-opponent Kirk Cox, a former Speaker of the House of Delegates, to the position,[127] he instead chose Aimee Rogstad Guidera, the founder of a data firm focused on fostering student achievement.[118][125][126]

Five of Youngkin's cabinet nominees are women and three are African American.[121] Many of his nominees were brought in from other states,[108] and only a few of his nominees had any prior government experience.[119][124] The Washington Post wrote of these nominees, "Their newcomer status is on brand for Youngkin, who ran touting his lack of political experience as an asset. But it also presents the new administration with a steep learning curve."[94]

Four of Youngkin's cabinet nominees served under previous Virginia Governors: Youngkin's Secretary of the Commonwealth nominee, Kay Coles James, served as Secretary of Health and Human Resources under Governor George Allen;[128] Youngkin's Secretary of Labor nominee, George Bryan Slater, served as Secretary of Administration under Governor Jim Gilmore;[129] Youngkin's Secretary of Health and Human Resources nominee, John Littel, served as Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Resources under Allen;[130] and Youngkin's Secretary of Transportation nominee, W. Sheppard “Shep” Miller III, served on the Commonwealth Transportation Board under Northam.[128]

Several of Youngkin's cabinet nominees are from the private sector,[131] while three - James, Littel, and Chief Diversity Officer Angela Sailor - worked for the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank.[121][128][130] James was the first Black woman to serve as president of the foundation,[128] Sailor was an executive there at the same time,[121] and Littel worked there as a lawyer.[130] Youngkin's Secretary of Commerce nominee, Caren Merrick, served as Chief Executive of the Virginia Ready Initiative, described by The Washington Post as "a nonprofit organization that Youngkin founded in 2020 to fund workforce training for people struggling during the economic shutdown linked to the coronavirus pandemic."[132] Daniel Gade, who ran unsuccessfully as the Republican nominee in Virginia's 2020 Senate election, was named by Youngkin as commissioner of Virginia's Department of Veterans Services, serving under Youngkin's Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Craig Crenshaw.[133]

For the role of counselor, a cabinet-level position, Youngkin chose Richard Cullen, an attorney described by The Washington Post as "the ultimate Richmond insider".[94][123] Cullen had been chairman of McGuireWoods, and in the 1990s, served out the remainder of Jim Gilmore's term as Attorney General of Virginia, after Gilmore resigned to run for governor.[123] The Washington Post reported that Cullen's appointment was "widely seen as a nod to the establishment class"[94] and theorized that the choice "could suggest that Youngkin does not intend to thoroughly disrupt 'politics as usual' in a state where cozy ties between government and business interests have long been lauded - and derided - as 'the Virginia way.'"[123] The publication further wrote, "At the very least, the choice indicates that Youngkin wants an experienced political hand on his team as he tries to get his arms around the state’s sprawling bureaucracy."[123]

Chief Diversity Officer

Youngkin finished announcing his cabinet nominees on January 19, 2022, with his choice for Chief Diversity Officer.[121] This position was established by Youngkin's immediate predecessor, Ralph Northam, in response to a scandal involving racist imagery appearing on Northam's medical school yearbook page - a scandal that nearly caused Northam to resign from office. The idea for a Chief Diversity Officer was born out of a commitment made by Northam to focus the remainder of his term on advancing racial equity in Virginia.[119][134] Youngkin did not announce a nomination for Chief Diversity Officer until after his inauguration,[121] which led to media speculation that he would be eliminating the position.[119] Youngkin's nominee for Chief Diversity Officer, Angela Sailor, held multiple roles in George W. Bush's presidential administration.[121]

Virginia's Chief Diversity Officer oversees the state's Office of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, which was designed under Northam to "address systemic inequities" existing within the state government.[121][134] Upon announcing Sailor's nomination to serve in his cabinet, Youngkin issued an executive order restructuring the agency she would be overseeing; this executive order said that the agency would "be an ambassador for unborn children", devote resources towards emphasizing parental involvement in public school education, take an increased role in "[assisting] Virginians living with disabilities and bringing Virginians of different faiths together", elevate "viewpoint diversity in higher education", and focus on creating "equal opportunity" for every Virginian.[121] Youngkin sought to rename the agency as the Office of Diversity, Opportunity and Inclusion, but a legislative proposal to do so was voted down in the state senate.[135]

Andrew Wheeler nomination

Youngkin's nominee for Secretary of Natural Resources, Andrew Wheeler, has drawn heavy criticism from Democrats and environmental advocates. Wheeler served as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency in the Trump Administration, and before that, worked as a coal lobbyist. During his tenure at the EPA, he reversed environmental regulations that had been implemented by the Obama administration. As noted by The Washington Post, cabinet nominees usually receive bipartisan support in Virginia state politics; several Democratic state senators however, have said that they will vote against Wheeler's nomination.[124][136][137] Republicans in the House of Delegates have threatened to retaliate by both blocking the reappointment of a judge to the State Corporation Commission and leaving two state Supreme Court vacancies open if Democrats in the State Senate defeat Wheeler's nomination.[137][138][139]

Tipline for "divisive practices"

During his first week as governor, Youngkin set up an email tipline to receive reports about what he characterized as "divisive practices" in Virginia schools. The tipline was announced in a January 21, 2022 news release focused on Youngkin's executive order banning school mask mandates.[140][141] Three days later, Youngkin discussed the tipline on a conservative radio show, where he said that parents should use the tipline to report "any instances where they feel that their fundamental rights are being violated, where their children are not being respected, where there are inherently divisive practices in their schools."[140] Speaking of the practices to be reported, he said on the radio show that his administration would "catalogue it all" and begin "rooting it out".[142]

The tipline was described by The Washington Post as "part of a broader push by Youngkin to identify and root out what he says are elements of critical race theory in the state’s curriculum."[140] The publication further reported that the tipline was viewed by "a teachers union, Democrats in the General Assembly, some parents and other observers...as divisive, authoritarian and unfairly targeting educators."[140] Virginia Republicans have defended the tipline by comparing it to systems that previous governors of the state had set up for people to report violations of business regulations and health protocols.[140][143] On January 26, a spokesperson for Youngkin tweeted that critics of the tipline had mischaracterized it and described the tipline as "a customary constituent service."[144][145]

A week after the tipline debuted, CNN reported that the initiative had drawn national attention.[146] Colin Jost derided the tipline on Saturday Night Live during Weekend Update,[147] and John Legend encouraged opponents of the initiative to co-opt the tipline, tweeting, "Black parents need to flood these tip lines with complaints about our history being silenced. We are parents too."[140][144][148] Several media outlets reported that critics of Youngkin were spamming the tipline.[140][144][146][147][149] Describing it as a "snitch line", political scientist Larry Sabato predicted that the tipline would "backfire" on Youngkin.[150] Near the end of January, WSET reported that the tipline had been criticized by "Virginia teachers and the Virginia Education Association...for targeting teachers who are already struggling amid staffing shortages and other challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic", while The Lead with Jake Tapper reported that the tipline could cause retention problems among Virginia educators.[146]

On February 3, Youngkin explained that his administration was "responding" to complaints submitted to the tipline but did not say whether there would be ramifications for teachers mentioned in those complaints.[151] Multiple inquiries by The Virginian-Pilot about how complaints sent to the tipline will be used by the Youngkin administration have gone unanswered.[141] Youngkin has denied FOIA requests to see emails sent to the tipline, citing the "working papers and correspondence" exemption in Virginia's FOIA law.[152][153][154]

Campaign Twitter attack on teenage activist

On February 5, 2022, the official Twitter account for Youngkin's gubernatorial campaign, @TeamYoungkin, tweeted a photo of Ethan Lynne, a seventeen year-old Democratic activist; the photo showed Lynne posing alongside former Virginia governor Ralph Northam and read, "Here’s a picture of Ethan with a man that had a Blackface/KKK photo in his yearbook." Also included in the tweet was a photo from Northam's medical school yearbook - which had been at the center of a 2019 political scandal - showing two men in racist costumes.[155][156][157][158]

The campaign's attack on Lynne was sent as a reply to a tweet Lynne had posted earlier that same day. In his own tweet, Lynne had shared an NPR-affiliate's news story about the resignation of a historian from the Governor's Mansion and called the Youngkin administration "shameful" in response to the details of the story.[155][157][159][160] The same day that Lynne shared the NPR-affiliate's news story on Twitter, the story was updated with a correction; Lynne shared the correction himself on Twitter shortly after it was issued.[155][157][159][160]

Lynne, an unpaid intern for a Democratic state senator, is the co-founder of a political group, VATeenDems.[155][159][161] Democratic politicians in Virginia condemned the Youngkin administration for targeting Lynne and called for the governor to personally apologize.[155][156] Louis Lucas, President pro tempore of the State Senate, described the administration's behavior as "cyber bullying of the worst kind".[155][157] National news outlets reported on the story, placing emphasis on Lynne's age. The Associated Press wrote that Youngkin's campaign had "sparked controversy for lashing out at a high school student",[156] Business Insider wrote that a "17-year-old boy...was named and singled out online by Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin's official campaign",[158] The Washington Post wrote that the campaign was "mocking a teenager",[155][162] and The Guardian wrote that the campaign's tweet had induced "outrage at an attack on a minor".[163] Lynne told the The Richmond-Times Dispatch that he was harassed by thousands of Twitter accounts after the Youngkin campaign singled him out.[161]

The Washington Post and The Associated Press both wrote that the tweet marked a shift in tone from how the Youngkin administration had previously spoken about Northam; both publications wrote that Youngkin had personally spoken well of Northam in past comments.[155][164] The Associated Press also called the tweet inconsistent with a pledge that Youngkin had made at the start of his administration to avoid divisive politics.[164] The U.S. News & World Report called the tweet "relatively minor in the intersecting worlds of political and social media", but also wrote that it had "fed a narrative of Youngkin as a divider with his eyes on his next job."[165]

The tweet targeting Lynne was deleted the morning after it was posted.[157][158][159][160] A spokesperson for Youngkin subsequently suggested that it was fair to target Lynne because Democrats had previously promoted him on Twitter as a political figure, and added that the tweet was removed once the campaign learned he was a minor. Lynne's Twitter bio publicly identified him as a high school senior.[155][156][157][159] Two days after the tweet targeting Lynn was posted, Youngkin called it "unauthorized". Although he did not apologize for the tweet or contact Lynne, he wrote "I regret that this happened and it shouldn't have. I have addressed it with my team."[159][160][162][163][164][166][167]

Political positions

Youngkin with Virginia's Congressional delegation in December 2021
Youngkin with Maryland Governor Larry Hogan in January 2022

On the Issues, a non-partisan organization that tracks candidates' positions, and is owned by Snopes, considers Youngkin to be a "Hard-Core Conservative" or “Right Conservative” Republican.[168] The Washington Post wrote that Youngkin "offered a moderate conservative platform, but also played into hot-button culture wars."[169] While running in the Republican primary, Youngkin pledged to "stand up against all of the legislation that has been passed by the Democrats" and to be an opponent of abortion.[170] He describes himself as "pro-life" but says he supports legal access to abortion in cases of saving the pregnant patient's life, rape, and incest.[171] Youngkin criticized the Texas Heartbeat Act, which bans abortions around the sixth week of pregnancy except to save the mother's life. He stated that he preferred a "pain threshold bill" which bans abortion at around twenty weeks.[172][173] Youngkin personally opposes same-sex marriage, but has said he would not interfere with the issue as governor.[174] In an interview with the Associated Press, he said that he considers same-sex marriage "legally acceptable" and that "as governor, [he] would support [legal same-sex marriage]."[175][176][177] Upon his inauguration as governor, The Washington Post reported, Youngkin "removed the Diversity, Equity and Inclusion section of the Virginia governor’s website".[107]

Throughout his primary campaign, Youngkin spoke out against gun legislation that Democrats had passed, including expanded background checks, handgun purchase limitations and red flag laws.[170] After winning the nomination, he de-emphasized these social issues, seeking to appeal to suburban swing voters.[170] In July, he was caught on a hot mic telling an activist that he would limit his comments about abortion during the campaign so that he would not alienate independent voters.[178][179] Also in July, the National Rifle Association (NRA) declined to endorse Youngkin after he declined to fill out their candidate survey.[180] In September, a Democratic-aligned group began running ads in conservative parts of Virginia, seeking to diminish Republican turnout by attacking his lack of an endorsement from the NRA.[181]

About a week after Youngkin's inauguration, All Things Considered reported that although Youngkin "came to power as a sort of establishment Republican politician, a businessman who spoke to suburban families" and who "gave off...[a] dad-next-door image", his administration quickly began "leaning into a lot of the same themes as the former president [Trump]".[182] Around the same time, The Washington Post reported that Youngkin "caught even some allies off guard" with the partisanship of his administration.[108]

COVID-19

Youngkin supports the COVID-19 vaccination effort but opposes mask and vaccine mandates.[183] He and his family are vaccinated.[184]

While running for governor, Youngkin said that he would model his public school mask policy after that of Florida Governor Ron DeSantis by banning local school boards from implementing their own mask mandates. Youngkin reversed this position later in the campaign, saying through his PR team that although he opposed Virginia's statewide public school mask mandate, he would give local school boards the discretion to implement their own mask policies.[108][183] After winning the election, he re-emphasized his intention to repeal the statewide mandate while still allowing for local mandates.[108][185] On his first day in office, January 15, 2022, he reversed his position again, signing an executive order that both repealed the statewide mandate and attempted to nullify any local mandates.[103][104][108][142] This executive order has been challenged by two lawsuits contending that it is in violation of state law and exceeds Youngkin's constitutional authority.[111][113] Youngkin has called on Virginia parents to cooperate with school principals while the lawsuits are ongoing.[111][113]

Two other executive actions signed by Youngkin on his first day in office related to his pandemic response policies. One rescinded the COVID-19 vaccine mandate for all state employees; the other called for a reevaluation of the workplace safety standards that the Northam administration had adopted as a pandemic mitigation strategy.[103] Shortly before taking office, Youngkin announced that he would challenge the Biden administration's employer vaccine mandate.[186]

In his 2022 address to the General Assembly, Youngkin emphasized his position on the state's vaccination efforts by stating, "Speaking to you as your governor, I’ll never tell you what you must do. But speaking to you as your neighbor and a friend, I strongly encourage you to get the vaccine."[107]

Upon taking office, Youngkin extended a limited state of emergency that had been implemented by the Northam administration ten days earlier to increase hospital capacity and allow medical professionals licensed in other states to practice in Virginia. The extension is set to last at least until February 21, 2022.[184]

In January 2022, the Virginia Department of Health, under Youngkin's authority, became one of the first states to cease efforts at contact tracing every positive case of COVID-19. Health officials with the department explained that the decision was made primarily due to the increased difficulty of contact tracing the omicron variant. These officials further explained that the policy would allow the department to better focus its resources on responding to "outbreaks and cases in high risk settings" and that individuals who test positive should continue to personally notify contacts.[187][188][189][190]

Economy

During his campaign for governor, Youngkin frequently said that Virginia's economy was "in the ditch".[191][192][193] Some political scientists, such as Mark Rozell, considered this an unusual position, since throughout the campaign, Virginia had low unemployment, a budget surplus, and a AAA bond rating. The state had also been rated that year by CNBC as the Top State for Business. Youngkin argued against the merits of the CNBC rating, stating that it put too much emphasis on inclusivity and noting Virginia's poor ratings in the "cost of living" and "cost of doing business" categories.[191]

The Washington Post noted that more than two months after winning the Republican nomination, Youngkin had "yet to disclose any formal economic plan."[191] One of Youngkin's main proposals at that stage of the race was an elimination of Virginia's individual income tax.[169][191] According to NPR, this proposal received "criticism from both Democrats and Republicans that doing so would wipe out around 70% of Virginia's General Fund."[194] Before the end of his campaign, Youngkin retracted his proposal to eliminate the tax,[169][194] calling it "aspirational"[169] and saying, "In Virginia, we can't get rid of income tax, but we sure can try to bring it down."[194]

In late August 2021, Youngkin announced a series of more modest tax cut proposals. These included eliminating the grocery tax, suspending the gas tax increase, offering a one-time rebate on income tax, doubling the standard deduction on income tax, cutting the retirement tax on veterans' income, implementing voter approval for any additional increase to local property taxes, and offering a tax holiday for small businesses.[169][195][196] Upon their announcement, the Associated Press called these proposals "the most wide-ranging and detailed look at the priorities of a potential Youngkin administration".[195] If enacted, these proposals would amount to $1.8 billion in one-time tax cuts and $1.4 billion in recurring tax cuts. Youngkin has proposed paying for the tax cuts with the state's $2.6 billion budget surplus. The Washington Post and NPR have both noted that much of the surplus is unavailable for tax cuts, since state law requires that over half of the surplus be devoted to the state's "rainy day" reserve fund, water quality improvement fund, and transportation fund.[194][196]

As his campaign's senior economic advisor, Youngkin hired Stephen Moore, who had helped oversee significant tax cuts in Kansas several years earlier when Sam Brownback was in office as that state's governor.[169][191][194] NPR noted towards the end of the Virginia gubernatorial campaign that Youngkin "sourced much of his fiscal agenda from [Moore]."[194] In response to Moore's hiring, The Washington Post described the Brownback tax cuts as "an experiment widely seen as a failure, leading the state to slash spending for priorities such as education and transportation when revenue dried up". The publication noted that the tax cuts were ultimately repealed "on a bipartisan vote".[191] Youngkin's Democratic gubernatorial opponent, Terry McAuliffe, cited the economic downturn in Kansas as a way to critique Youngkin's economic platform.[191] Moore acknowledged after joining the Youngkin campaign that the Brownback tax cuts had negatively impacted the Kansas economy but argued that they should be perceived as an anomaly, saying that several other states "did really well when they lowered taxes".[191]

Youngkin has said that he intends to continue efforts begun under his predecessor, Ralph Northam, to modernize the Virginia Employment Commission, which, according to The Washington Post, "struggled with outdated computer systems and a lack of staffing during the heightened demands of the pandemic."[196] On his first day in office, Youngkin signed an executive order calling for a review of the state agency.[103] Youngkin has also said that he intends to continue efforts begun under Northam to expand broadband access in Virginia.[107]

Youngkin opposes the gradual minimum wage increase that had been initiated in Virginia by the Northam administration, arguing that the eventual target of $15 dollars an hour will cause the state to "lose jobs".[197] He supports Virginia's right-to-work law[64][129] and has promised to veto any legislation repealing it.[198][199] He has also backed the idea of repealing both collective bargaining rights for public employees and the requirement that all public works use project labor agreements.[108]

Education

Youngkin's education platform was identified as the centerpiece of his campaign by much of the national media.[200][201][202][203][204] Throughout the campaign, he sought to mobilize voters on the issue by holding Parents Matter rallies.[200][202] According to Politico, Youngkin "hung his campaign on education",[204] and The New York Times wrote that Youngkin's campaign turned Virginia public schools into "a cultural war zone".[202]

The Youngkin campaign opposed protections for transgender students in Virginia public schools and was against what Youngkin characterized as the pervasive teaching of critical race theory in the state.[200][201][202][204] Politifact and PBS criticized these claims, saying they found no evidence that critical race theory was part of state curriculum standards and little evidence of it being taught in classrooms.[105][205] The former publication wrote, "Critical race theory is being widely discussed by educators across Virginia. But there's a difference between educators learning about the theory and actually teaching it to students."[105] Critics of Youngkin said that he sent his own children to private schools where resources promoting critical race theory were recommended. Youngkin served on the governing board for one of those schools from 2016 until 2019 but has distanced himself from anti-racism initiatives that were adopted by the school.[146]

The Washington Post identified the Loudoun County school system as "ground zero for Youngkin's victory", citing the widespread activisim among parents in the county who opposed progressive school policies.[206] Following two sexual assaults that occurred in Loudoun County schools, Youngkin called for campus police to be stationed at every school in Virginia,[207][208] and after winning the election, he directed the state's Attorney General, Jason Miyares, to investigate the Loudoun County school system's handling of those assaults.[103] Initially, the perpetrator of the assaults was characterized as gender fluid; although this was later denied by the perpetrator's lawyer, conservative media coverage focused on this aspect of the assaults, and the news story fueled opposition to bathroom policies that had been newly adopted to accommodate transgender students.[209][210][211] Youngkin's Democratic opponent in the election, Terry McAuliffe, said that the assaults were being exploited during the campaign as "a transphobic dog whistle".[209]

Youngkin's first official action as governor was to sign an executive order banning Virginia schools from teaching critical race theory. The order also bans critical race theory from teacher diversity trainings and any other materials produced by the Virginia Department of Education.[102] The Richmond Times-Dispatch reported that the executive order "targets various initiatives...including the EdEquityVa Initiative, a program aimed at promoting cultural competency in classrooms, higher teacher diversity, and decreasing suspension rates for Black students."[109]

This same executive order cancels the Virginia Mathematics Pathways Initiative,[104][212] a program that had been developed and proposed by the Northam administration in an effort to both close the racial achievement gap and better equip students with modern job skills.[213][214][215][216] According to The Virginian-Pilot, some critics of the program viewed it as "a dumbing down of standards".[213] Youngkin called the program a "left-wing takeover of public education",[212] and many conservatives claimed that it would have eliminated advanced high school math classes - a claim that Youngkin gave prominence to during his campaign. James Lane, Virginia Superintendent at the time, and NPR, both disputed this characterization of the program.[215][217][214][213] The Virginia Math Pathways Initiative would have prioritized data science and data analytics over calculus while still offering students the opportunity to enroll in calculus at an accelerated pace. Although education officials within the Northam administration explored the potential benefits of detracking students prior to the 11th grade, no plans to do so were ever adopted, and in April 2021, those officials explained that the Virginia Math Pathways Initiative was not designed to eliminate advanced math classes at any grade level.[213][215][217][216] Shortly after Youngkin and other conservatives first began speaking out against the Virginia Math Pathways Initiative, The Washington Post reported that the actual nature of the program had been "obscured" as "outrage built online" among those opposed to it.[215]

Youngkin and McAuliffe both campaigned on raising teacher salaries in Virginia.[218] While running for governor, Youngkin voiced support for expanding charter schools in the state and set a goal of adding at least twenty during his term.[195][196] After winning the election, he backed proposed legislation that would revise the state's process of approving charter schools.[219] Only seven charter schools currently exist in Virginia,[220] one of the lowest amounts in the country,[196] and the legislation backed by Youngkin would shift the authority to approve new charter schools from local school boards to newly created "regional charter school divisions". These divisions would have nine voting members, eight appointed by the Virginia State Board of Education, and one appointed by local school boards within the region.[219]

A separate legislative proposal of Youngkin's would provide funding to establish lab schools in the state. These K-12 public schools would partner with either institutions of higher learning or private businesses and could be either newly established schools or converted out of existing schools. Although lab schools are allowed already under Virginia law, the state has never established any. Virginia's current law allows for lab school partnerships to be formed only with colleges or universities. Some Democrats have criticized Youngkin's goal of allowing private businesses to partner with lab schools. Under the legislation supported by Youngkin, the Virginia State Board of Education would be directed to "give substantial preference" to lab school applications filed by historically black colleges or universities. The same preference would be given to applications seeking to establish lab schools in "underserved communities".[221][222][223]

Environment and energy

Asked if he accepts the scientific consensus on the causes of climate change, Youngkin said he does not know what causes climate change and that the cause ultimately does not matter.[224] He supports climate change adaptation efforts such as building additional seawalls.[224][225] While running for governor, Youngkin said he would not have signed Virginia's Clean Economy Act (which calls for Virginia's carbon emissions to reach net zero by 2050) because he believes it would increase utility prices.[224]

After winning the election, Youngkin said that he would use an executive action to withdraw Virginia from the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, a regional carbon cap-and-trade market. Youngkin has called the initiative a "carbon tax" and has stated that leaving the initiative would save ratepayers an average of about $50 a year.[226] Democrats have countered that leaving the initiative would cut off a source of revenue for the state that raises hundreds of millions of dollars a year; this revenue is used for flood control and to provide low income ratepayers with energy assistance.[226] On his first day in office, Youngkin signed an executive order calling for a reevaluation of Virginia's membership in the initiative.[94] The Washington Post noted that because Virginia entered the initiative through legislative action, Youngkin may lack the legal authority to withdraw from the initiative without legislative approval.[226] The publication theorized that this legal limitation may have led to Youngkin's decision to order a reevaluation of the initiative rather than a withdrawal.[94]

In his 2022 address to the General Assembly, Youngkin called for the state to better protect against pollution of the James River, voiced support for ongoing efforts to clean the Chesapeake Bay, and proposed that the state establish a Coastal Virginia Resiliency Authority to combat rising sea levels.[107][227] Youngkin is in favor of what he calls an "all of the above approach" to energy, saying that he supports both renewable energy sources and natural gas.[228]

Personal life

File:Glenn Youngkin (50929467593).jpg
Youngkin with his wife Suzanne in 2021

Youngkin lives in Great Falls, Virginia, with his wife Suzanne and their four children John, Grant, Anna and Thomas.[229] As of September 2021, he had an estimated net worth of $440 million;[230] he contributed $20 million of his own money to his race for governor.[231] As a college basketball player his height was listed as 6 feet 7 inches; he now gives his height as 6 feet 5 inches.[232][231]

Youngkin and his wife helped found Holy Trinity Church, which met initially in their basement in McLean, Virginia.[233][234] The Youngkins set up a private foundation which owns the property where the church stands and a farm in Middleburg, Virginia that serves as a Christian retreat.[44][231] Holy Trinity describes itself as a "non-denominational church with Anglican roots and a contemporary charismatic expression."[235]

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External links

Business positions
Preceded by CEO of the Carlyle Group
2018–2020
With: Kewsong Lee 		Vacant
Kewsong Lee continues serving
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for Governor of Virginia
2021 		Most recent
Political offices
Preceded by Governor of Virginia
2022–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byas Vice President Order of precedence of the United States
Within Virginia 		Succeeded by
Mayor of city
in which event is held
Succeeded by
Preceded byas Governor of New Hampshire Order of precedence of the United States
Outside Virginia 		Succeeded byas Governor of New York
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glenn_Youngkin&oldid=1071353713

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