André René Roussimoff
File:AndréTheGiant2.jpg
Born	(1946-05-19)May 19, 1946 Molien, France
Died	January 27, 1993(1993-01-27) (aged 46) Paris, France
Professional wrestling career
Ring name(s)	André Roussimoff Butcher Roussimoff Giant Roussimoff Monster Roussimoff Eiffel Tower Monster Eiffel Tower Jean Ferré Géant Ferré André the Giant Giant Machine
Billed height	2.26 m (7 ft 4 in)
Billed weight	140 kg (309 lb) to 245 kg (540 lb)
Billed from	Grenoble, France
Trained by	Frank Valois Édouard Carpentier
Debut	1964
Retired	1992

André René Roussimoff^{[citation needed]} (May 19, 1946 – January 27, 1993),^{[citation needed]} best known as André the Giant, was a French professional wrestler and actor. He was at least 2.09 metres (6 ft 10 in) tall and believed by many to have been over 2.13 metres (7 ft) at his tallest.^[who?] His great size was a result of a condition known as acromegaly, and led to him being dubbed "The Eighth Wonder of the World."^[1][2]

In World Wrestling Federation (WWF), Rousimoff was WWF Champion for over three years. In 1993 he was the first inductee into the WWE Hall of Fame. Rousimoff was one of the most famous professional wrestlers of the 1970s and 1980s, and was involved in a legendary match with Hulk Hogan in 1987 at WrestleMania III, in which Hogan bodyslammed the much larger Rousimoff to win the WWF Championship.^{[citation needed]}

Birth and childhood

André was born in Coulommiers, France, to Boris and Marianne Roussimoff, who were of Bulgarian and Polish descent, respectively. He was the third of five children. André was a good student but left school after 8th grade because he did not feel that it was important to have a high school education to live and work on a farm that was not his own. As an adolescent, he worked on the farm, completed an apprenticeship in woodworking, then worked in a factory that manufactured engines for hay baling machines, but none of these jobs brought him any satisfaction. André was drafted into France's peacetime army, but was rejected during his physical because there were no shoes big enough to fit him.^{[citation needed]}.

Career

Early career

André was discovered by Lord Alfred Hayes, a wrestling promoter, and left home as a teenager to become a pro wrestler in Paris. He worked as a mover during the day, to pay his expenses, and trained in the ring at night. However, it was difficult to find wrestlers who were willing to train with him because of his size and strength. In 1964, Édouard Carpentier, a well-known French wrestler, agreed to train with him. André was billed as "Géant Ferré", the name of a legendary French lumberjack, and quickly made a name for himself. For the next few years, he wrestled in arenas and carnivals in Europe and Africa. By the time he was 21, he was a European wrestling star.^{[citation needed]}

In 1969, Édouard Carpentier offered to bring André to North America, but André had already signed to wrestle in Japan, where he was billed as "Monster Roussimoff". While he was in Japan, a doctor there diagnosed him with acromegaly, but André refused to accept either the diagnosis of or treatment for this condition.^{[citation needed]}

After performing in Japan, André followed Carpentier to Montreal, Canada, where he was an immediate success. However, promoters eventually ran out of plausible opponents to fight him and, as the novelty of André wore off, gate receipts dwindled. Desperate, Carpentier reached out to Vincent J. McMahon and his son, Vince McMahon, Jr. for help. They suggested that André have a schedule that purely involved travel, so he would not wear out his welcome in any one area. They also suggested that he be billed as "André the Giant" for his North American audiences.^{[citation needed]} André also competed throughout various territories, including Puerto Rico with WWC and the NWA and AWA in the US.

World Wrestling Federation (1973–91)

Face run (1973-1987)

On March 26, 1973, André made his WWF debut as a "face," short for babyface or "good guy", defeating Buddy Wolfe in New York's Madison Square Garden.

He was billed early in his career at a height of 7 ft; this was enlarged in the early 1970s to 7 ft 4 in (2.was 6 ft 10 in. Wepner's manager said André made the 6 ft 5½ in Wepner look like a baby, dwarfed beside André. In Meltzer's second book, Tributes II,^[3]Meltzer claims André was measured at 6 ft 9 ¾ in 1974 by a French athletic commission at age 28.^[4] Meltzer also estimated André at 6 feet 11½ inches (2.12 m) when comparing him to fellow Conan the Destroyer star Wilt Chamberlain in 1984. However, Mike Mooneyham, another wrestling journalist, maintained in his obituary of André in 1994 that André was 7 feet 2 inches when he began wrestling. The exaggeration of his height probably comes from the fact that Kareem Abdul-Jabbar was the tallest renowned athlete in the world at the time at 7 feet 2 inches (2.19 m), and promoters wanted to bill André as the biggest athlete in the world. Nevertheless, the sight of him alone was enough to draw huge crowds during a time when there were only a handful of wrestlers over 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m); his condition, which included symptoms such as enlarged hands and feet and exaggerated facial features (acromegaly), likely aided the visual perception of him appearing larger than he actually was. Back surgeries and posture problems later in life also contributed to his decrease in height.

He branched out into acting in the 1970s and 1980s, playing a Sasquatch ("Bigfoot") on the 1970s television series The Six Million Dollar Man and the character Fezzik in The Princess Bride. By the time the chairman of the (renamed) World Wrestling Federation, Vincent K. McMahon, began to expand his promotion to the national level in the early 1980s, André wrestled exclusively for WWF in the USA, while still holding international engagements.

He was offered a professional American football contract with the Washington Redskins after a tryout in 1974 and seriously considered it, but turned it down, reasoning that he could make far more money wrestling.^{[citation needed]}

Before being signed to WWF, André had wrestled in Japan. It was here that a doctor diagnosed Roussimoff with his condition and told him that those with the same problem were generally lucky to reach 40 years of age.^{[citation needed]}

André was one of WWF's most beloved "babyfaces" throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, the legend that for 15 years had never lost by pinfall or submission in a WWF ring before being pinned by Hulk Hogan on March 29, 1987 at WrestleMania III. However André actually had lost cleanly in matches outside of the parameters of WWF; a pinfall loss in Mexico to El Canek in 1984 and in Japan a submission loss to Antonio Inoki in 1986, as well as a controversial no-contest finish against Akira Maeda, who used heel shoot-style tactics, breaking kayfabe to nullify André's considerable size advantage. He also went sixty-minute time limit draws with the two other major world champions of the day, Harley Race and Nick Bockwinkel.

André had memorable clashes all over the world with a variety of tough, rugged opponents. Among his chief rivals in the ring: The Sheik (who gained a deathmatch win over the Frenchman in 1974 with the help of his fireball), Abdullah the Butcher, Stan Hansen, Ernie Ladd, and a young Hulk Hogan, who first met André in 1978 during his rookie years in the deep South. Hogan and André would go on to have one of the great WWF feuds of 1980, peaking in front of 36,295 fans at the Showdown at Shea event on August 9, 1980 in Flushing, New York's Shea Stadium.

One of André's most bitter feuds pitted him against the Mongolian terror Killer Khan, who was managed by Fred Blassie. According to the storyline, Khan had broken André's ankle during a match in Rochester, New York by leaping off the top rope and crashing down upon it with his knee-drop. After a stay at Beth-Israel Hospital in Boston, André returned with payback on his mind. On November 14, 1981 at the Philadelphia Spectrum, André exacted revenge by destroying Killer Khan in what was billed as a "Mongolian Stretcher Match", in which the loser must be taken to the dressing room on a stretcher. In reality, André had snapped his ankle getting out of bed one morning. The injury and subsequent rehabilitation was worked into the existing André/Khan storyline.

Another memorable André feud involved a man who considered himself to be "the true giant" of wrestling: the 6 ft 7 in, 364 lb Big John Studd. Throughout the early to mid-1980s, André and Studd fought all over the world, battling to try and determine who the real giant of wrestling was. In December 1984, Studd took the feud to a new level, when he and partner Ken Patera knocked out André during a televised tag team match and proceeded to cut off André's famous long locks (Big Show, Kurt Angle, Mark Jindrak, and Luther Reigns would duplicate the angle nearly 20 years later). André had the last laugh at the first WrestleMania on March 31, 1985 at Madison Square Garden. André conquered Studd in a $15,000 Body-slam Challenge. After slamming Studd, he attempted to give the $15,000 prize to the fans, before having the bag stolen from him by his future manager Bobby "The Brain" Heenan.

The following year, at WrestleMania 2 (April 7, 1986), André continued to display his dominance by winning a twenty-man battle royal that featured top NFL stars and wrestlers. André eliminated Bret Hart to win the contest.

Afterwards, André continued his feud with Studd and King Kong Bundy. André was suspended after a no-show; he returned under a mask as "The Giant Machine" part of a team with "Big Machine" (Robert Windham) and "Super Machine" (Bill Eadie). (The Machines gimmick was copied from New Japan Pro Wrestling character "Super Strong Machine", played by Japanese wrestler Junji Hirata.)^[5] Soon afterwards, Giant Machine disappeared, and André was reinstated, to the approval of Bobby "The Brain" Heenan.

Heel run (1987-1990) and later years

André's image was turned to that of a villainous heel in 1987 so that he could face Hulk Hogan for the WWF Championship in the main event of WrestleMania III. In early 1987, Hogan was presented a trophy for being the WWF World Heavyweight Champion for three years. André came out to congratulate him. Shortly afterwards, André was presented a slightly smaller trophy for being "undefeated in WWF for fifteen years." In actuality, André had suffered a handful of countout and disqualification losses in WWF but had never been pinned or forced to submit in a WWF ring. Hogan came out to congratulate André and ended up being the focal point of the interview. A visibly annoyed André walked out in the midst of Hogan's speech. Then, on an edition of "Piper's Pit", Hogan was confronted by Heenan. Heenan announced that his new protege was André. André then challenged Hogan to a title match at WrestleMania III, ripping the t-shirt and crucifix from Hogan.^{[citation needed]}

It was at WrestleMania III that the public first really saw the pain that André was going through. By this stage he weighed in at about 525 pounds, and his bones and joints were finding it hard supporting such a huge weight. After recent back surgery, he was also wearing a brace underneath his wrestling singlet. Hogan won the match after dropping André with a body slam, followed by Hogan's running leg drop finisher. (Years later, Hogan stated that André was so heavy, he felt more like 700 pounds, and that he actually tore his lateral muscle slamming him.) Another famous tall-tale about the match is that "no one knew" if André would lose the match. While mostly false, WWE owner Vince McMahon has stated in the past that he believed if Hogan had either purposely or accidentally disrespected André that night, there was no way André would have allowed Hogan to win the match, no matter what had been agreed to. Aside from that possibility, André had agreed to lose the match some time before, mostly for health reasons, though he almost pinned Hogan (albeit unintentionally) in the early goings of the match.^{[citation needed]}

The Hogan-André face off at WrestleMania III was likely the most highly anticipated professional wrestling matchup in history – the apex of wrestling's most recent golden era. The event, held at the Pontiac Silverdome, had millions watching on pay-per-view and established great permanent value in the WrestleMania franchise. A reported 93,173 fans turned out as the WWF sold many standing room only tickets and added seats in the alleys to exceed the Silverdome's capacity of 80,331 ^{[citation needed]}. Hogan defeated André in what some consider a passing of the torch from André, wrestling's biggest star of the 70s, to Hogan, wrestling's biggest star of the 80s. The feud between André and Hogan simmered, even as Roussimoff's health declined.^{[citation needed]}

André won the WWF title from Hogan on February 5, 1988 in a match where appointed referee Dave Hebner was "detained backstage", and a replacement, his "evil" twin brother Earl, made a three count on Hogan while his shoulders were off the mat. In the storyline, André was denoted as a hired gun for "The Million Dollar Man" Ted DiBiase, after DiBiase failed to buy it from Hogan. After winning, André "sold" the title to DiBiase, which transaction was declared invalid by then- WWF President Jack Tunney and the title was vacated. This was shown on WWF's NBC program The Main Event (usually seen Saturdays as Saturday Night's Main Event). André famously mistakenly called the Federation's Championship the "WWF Tag Team Championship", perhaps foreshadowing his reign with Haku.^{[citation needed]}

At WrestleMania IV, André and Hulk Hogan fought to a double DQ in a WWF title tournament match (with the idea in the storyline saying that André was again working on Dibiase's behalf in giving Dibiase a clearer path in the tournament). Afterwards, André and Hogan's feud died down after a brutal steel cage match held at WrestleFest on July 31, 1988 in Milwaukee. He and DiBiase also wrestled Hogan and Randy "Macho Man" Savage in the main event of SummerSlam 1988; the DiBiase-André team lost.^{[citation needed]}

During the summer and fall of 1988, André also became involved in a heated feud with "Hacksaw" Jim Duggan, and began wrestling Savage for the title.^{[citation needed]}

André's next major feud was against Jake "The Snake" Roberts. In this storyline, it was said André was deathly afraid of snakes, something Roberts exposed on Saturday Night's Main Event when he threw his snake, Damien, on the frightened André; as a result, André suffered a (kayfabe) mild heart attack and vowed revenge. During the next few weeks, Roberts frequently walked to ringside during André's matches, causing him to run from the ring in fright (since he knew what was inside the bag). Throughout their feud (which culminated at WrestleMania V), Roberts constantly used Damien to gain a psychological edge over the much larger and stronger André.

After a short feud with then-Intercontinental champion The Ultimate Warrior, André won the World Tag Team Championship with his partner Haku (known collectively as The Colossal Connection) from Demolition on December 13, 1989. Managed by Bobby Heenan, they lost their titles at WrestleMania VI back to Demolition on April 1, 1990. After the match a furious Heenan slapped André, and he responded by knocking Heenan out, much to the delight of the fans. André went into the match as a heel, and left as a face. After that he went back to Japan, this time for All Japan Pro Wrestling, where he briefly teamed with owner Giant Baba.^{[citation needed]}

André starred in several movies towards the end of his career, most notably as Fezzik in 1987's The Princess Bride, which was André's favorite role.^[6] He had an unaccredited appearance in the 1984 film Conan the Destroyer as Dagoth, the resurrected horned giant god, who is killed by Conan, the character portrayed by Arnold Schwarzenegger. In his final film, he appeared in something of a cameo role as a circus giant in the comedy Trading Mom, which was not released until the year after his death.^{[citation needed]}

The disease that granted him his immense size also began to take its toll on his body. By the late 1980s, André was in constant, near-crippling pain, and his heart struggled to pump blood throughout his massive body. When he was not in front of a camera, he was usually in a wheelchair.^{[citation needed]}

André continued to compete in tag team matches, primarily in Japan and Mexico, until the end of 1992.^{[citation needed]}

World Championship Wrestling (1991–92)

His last U.S. television appearance was in a brief interview on WCW's "Clash of the Champions 20" special that aired on TBS on September 2, 1992.

Personal life

Roussimoff had one daughter who was born in 1979. WWE referee Tim White mentioned in Roussimoff's A&E Biography that she lives somewhere in the Seattle area.

In the A&E documentary, Arnold Skaaland mentions how André wished he could see a Broadway play. Arnold offered to buy tickets, but André then passed up the opportunity, citing how he was too big for the seats and that people behind him would not be able to see. This was cited as a principal reason for why André frequented taverns more than anywhere else.

In the A&E Biography episode, Arnold Skaaland tells the story of when André was in a bar one night, four men came up to him and began harassing him about his size. At first, André attempted to avoid confrontation, but eventually he proceeded to chase the hecklers until they locked themselves in their car. André then grabbed the car and tilted it over to its side with the four people trapped inside. André was never arrested for the incident, presumably since local police officers had a hard time believing four inebriated men's story about an angry giant having overturned their car.

André was arrested by the Linn County, Iowa sheriff in August 1989 and charged with assault after the 540-pound wrestler allegedly roughed up a local TV cameraman. The Smoking Gun

As a child, André was referred to by his parents as Dédé and showed no signs of being the size that he would end up being.

Actor Cary Elwes explains in his video diary of The Princess Bride that Samuel Beckett was a neighbour of the Roussimoff family while living in France. The Nobel Laureate would sometimes drive André to school.

Screenwriter and author William Goldman once said that André loved going out for dinner, but regardless of who extended the invitation, he would always pay for the meal. One time, one of his friends slipped away to give their credit card to the maitre'd and felt himself being lifted off the ground, carried back to the table, and deposited back in their chair "like a little boy". Concluding, Goldman added that the friend in question was Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Andre: Heart of the Giant (which is to be released in 2007) is a movie about André's life and struggles in and out of the wrestling ring. Actors will play real life wrestlers, managers, promoters, and legends.

Death

André died in his sleep on January 27, 1993, in his Paris hotel room, where he was discovered the following morning by his chauffeur. He was in France to attend the funeral of his father. It was later concluded that he died of congestive heart failure, a byproduct of the growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumor he had much of his life and chose not to have treated.

André's body was cremated in accordance with his wishes and his ashes scattered at his ranch in Ellerbe, North Carolina. According to his A&E Biography, his wishes to be cremated were almost not carried out, since a crematorium in France could not be found that could handle his ample frame, thus his body was shipped back to America where a crematorium was found.

In wrestling

• Managers
  • Bobby Heenan
  • Frank Valois
  • Lou Albano
  • K.Y. Wakamatsu
  • Ted DiBiase

• Finishing and signature moves
  • Kneeling Belly-To-Belly Piledriver
  • Head and Neck Rake (put opponent in between legs in a piledriver position, then jump up and down aggravating the neck and head)
  • Hard Headbutt
  • Running Elbow Drop
  • Big Splash
  • Butterfly Suplex
  • Gorilla Press Slam
  • Bearhug
  • Big Boot
  • Samoan Drop

Filmography

• Casse tête chinois pour le judoka (1967)
• The Six Million Dollar Man - "The Secret of Bigfoot I and II" (1976), Bigfoot
• B.J. and the Bear - "Snow White and the Seven Lady Truckers" (1981), Unnamed Character
• The Greatest American Hero - "Heaven Is in Your Genes" (1983), Monster
• André makes an appearance in "The Goonies 'R' Good Enough" music video by Cyndi Lauper, along with several other 80s icon wrestlers like Rowdy Roddy Piper.
• Conan the Destroyer (1984), Dagoth (uncredited)
• Micki & Maude (1984), Himself
• I Like to Hurt People (1985), Himself
• The Princess Bride (1987), Fezzik
• Trading Mom (1994), Circus Giant

Championships and accomplishments

• All-Star Pro-Wrestling

• NWA Australasian Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Ron Miller

• Championship Wrestling from Florida

• NWA Florida Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Dusty Rhodes

• International Pro Wrestling

• IPW World Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Michael Nader

• NWA Tri-State

• NWA Tri-State Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Dusty Rhodes

• Stampede Wrestling

• Stampede Wrestling Hall of Fame ^[7]

• World Wrestling Federation

• WWF Championship (1 time)
• WWF Hall of Fame (Class of 1993) (posthumous) First inductee
• WWF World Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Haku

• Pro Wrestling Illustrated

• PWI Most Popular Wrestler of the Year award in 1977
• PWI Match of the Year award in 1981 versus Killer Khan
• PWI Most Popular Wrestler of the Year award in 1982
• PWI Most Hated Wrestler of the Year award in 1988
• PWI Match of the Year award in 1988 versus Hulk Hogan - The Main Event
• PWI Editor's Award in 1993
• PWI ranked him #3 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003.

• Wrestling Observer Newsletter

• Feud of the Year in 1981 vs Killer Khan
• Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)

• Broadcast Radio

• Inductee into the Wrestling-Radio.com Hall of Fame class of 2007

DVD

On January 25, 2005 WWE released André The Giant, a DVD focusing on the career of André. The DVD is a reissue of the out-of-print André The Giant VHS made by Coliseum Video in 1985, with commentary by Michael Cole and Tazz replacing Gorilla Monsoon and Jesse Ventura's commentary on his WrestleMania battle with Big John Studd, with an option to hear no commentary at all.

The video is hosted by Lord Alfred Hayes. Later matches, including André's battles against Hulk Hogan while a heel, are not included on this DVD. The following matches are featured on the DVD:

1. André The Giant vs. Moondog Rex — (August 8, 1981)
2. 18-Man Battle Royale including Sgt. Slaughter, Big John Studd, Jimmy Snuka, Pat Patterson, Hulk Hogan, Paul Orndorff, The Iron Sheik & Tito Santana (circa 1984).
3. André The Giant vs. Black Gordman & Great Goliath (January 12, 1976)
4. André The Giant vs. Jack Evans, Johnny Rodz, & Joe Butcher Nova (circa 1979)
5. André The Giant vs. Gorilla Monsoon (early 1970s)
6. André the Giant & Jimmy Snuka vs. the Wild Samoans (February 18, 1983 at Madison Square Garden, New York City)
7. André vs. the Masked Superstar (February 20, 1984 at Madison Square Garden)
8. André the Giant & S.D. Jones vs. Big John Studd & Ken Patera (December 15, 1984). Studd and Patera beat André into unconsciousness and — with help from Bobby Heenan — cut his long locks of hair
9. André The Giant vs. Ken Patera (January 21, 1985 at Madison Square Garden)
10. André The Giant vs. Big John Studd ("$15,000 Bodyslam Match" March 31, 1985, WrestleMania at Madison Square Garden)

Video games

• In the old Arcade Hall game Vigilante (which predated the 1988 game with the same name) André's persona was used for two opponents. They were called Big André and Little André, modelled after the early André with all the hair.
• André was in the original WWF WrestleMania video game for the Nintendo system. The cover was actually based on WM 3's faceoff of Hogan and André.
• André the Giant is a legendary wrestler in WWF No Mercy, WWE SmackDown! vs. RAW, and WWE SmackDown! vs. RAW 2006. Due to his size, he is billed as an "Ultra-Heavyweight", a weight class unassignable to any other character. In WWE SmackDown! vs. RAW 2007, which Andre did not appear in, his unique weight category was handed down to The Great Khali.
• Capcom has used Andre as the basis for a series of characters in the Street Fighter world. The Final Fight series introduced the character Andore as one of many thugs to fight, with several palette swaps based on Andore were also used in these games as additional foes. Andore returned in Street Fighter III under the name Hugo. His special pre-fight entrance with Alex (who resembles Hulk Hogan) features the two having a stare-down as a reference to the Hogan-André stare-down at Wrestlemania III.
• André the Giant is an unlockable player in Day of Reckoning.
• André has also appeared on games 2 and 3 of the Legends of Wrestling series.

Legacy and appearances in pop culture

• Largely to honor André the Giant, the WWF created the WWF Hall of Fame later in 1993 and made him the first inductee.
• In 1989, street artist/graphic designer Shepard Fairey appropriated André's image in a popular guerrilla art campaign that eventually evolved into the OBEY art style that Fairey became famous for.
• In the "Code Monkeys" episode "Wrassle Mania", Mr. Larrity hires 4 professional wrestlers (all based on popular wrestlers of that era, set in the 1980s) to compete against their rival videogame company. The four wrestlers were Bulk Brogan (Hulk Hogan), "Manly Man" Ricky Ravage ("Macho Man" Randy Savage), Sergeant Murder (Sergeant Slaughter), and Andre The Giant's counterpart, Sergei the Giant.
• Andre's actual height is a matter of great debate, including on Wikipedia, where it has been the subject of one of Wikipedia's best-known "Lamest edit wars," even being cited in the LA Times for its prominence and long-running nature in the Wikipedia world.^[8]

References

External links

• AndreTheGiant.com (Official Website)
• WWE Hall of Fame Profile
• Andre's Online World of Wrestling Profile
• Wrestling Museum Biography
• André the Giant at IMDb
• Find A Grave Entry