Aluminium sulfide

Names
Other names Aluminum sulfide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1302-81-4
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	140154
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.736
PubChem CID	16684788
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID80893235
InChI InChI=1S/2Al.3S/q2*+3;3*-2 Key: COOGPNLGKIHLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/2Al.3S/q2*+3;3*-2 Key: COOGPNLGKIHLSK-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES [Al+3].[Al+3].[S-2].[S-2].[S-2]
Properties
Chemical formula	Al2S3
Molar mass	150.158 g/mol
Appearance	gray solid
Density	2.02 g/cm3
Melting point	1100 °C
Boiling point	1500 °C (sublimes)
Solubility in water	decomposes
Solubility in other solvents	none
Structure
Crystal structure	Trigonal, hP30, SpaceGroup = P61, No. 169
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 2
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Aluminium sulfide (British English: aluminum sulphide) is the name for the chemical compound with the formula Al₂S₃. This colorless species has an interesting structural chemistry, existing in three different forms. The material is sensitive to moisture, hydrolyzing readily to hydrated aluminium oxides/hydroxides.^[1] The hydrolysis reaction also generates the odoriferous and toxic gas hydrogen sulfide (H₂S).

Unlike Al₂O₃, in which the Al(III) centers occupy octahedral holes, the more expanded framework of Al₂S₃ stabilizes the Al(III) centers into one third of the tetrahedral holes of a hexagonally close-packed arrangement of the sulfide anions. At higher temperature, the Al(III) centers become randomized to give a "defect wurtzite" structure. And at still higher temperatures stabilize the γ-Al₂S₃ forms, with a structure akin to γ-Al₂O₃.

Molecular derivatives of Al₂S₃ are not known. Mixed Al-S-Cl compounds are however known. Al₂Se₃ and Al₂Te₃ are also known.

It can decompose in an oxidizing environment to release sulfur dioxide gas.

Preparation

Aluminium sulfide is readily prepared by ignition of the elements

2 Al + 3 S → Al₂S₃

This reaction is extremely exothermic and it is not necessary or desirable to heat the whole mass of the sulfur-aluminium mixture; (except possibly for very small amounts of reactants). The product will be created in a fused form; it reaches a temperature greater than 1100°C and may melt its way through steel. The cooled product is very hard.

References

External links

• MSDS