| James John Davis | |
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| In office March 5, 1921 – November 30, 1930 |
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| President | Warren Harding Calvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover |
| Preceded by | William Wilson |
| Succeeded by | William Doak |
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| In office December 2, 1930 – January 3, 1945 |
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| Preceded by | Joseph Grundy |
| Succeeded by | Francis Myers |
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| Born | October 27, 1873 Tredegar Wales, United Kingdom |
| Died | November 22, 1947 (aged 74) Takoma Park, Maryland |
| Political party | Republican |
| Alma mater | Sharon Business School |
James John Davis (October 27, 1873 – November 22, 1947) was an American steel worker and Republican Party politician in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He served as U.S. Secretary of Labor and represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate. He was also known by the nicknames of the "Iron Puddler" and "Puddler Jim."
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[edit] Early life and career
Born as James John Davies in Tredegar, Wales, he emigrated with his parents, David James Davies and Esther Ford Nicholls Davies, to the United States in 1881 at the age of eight.
They settled in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and later in Sharon, Pennsylvania. He was apprenticed as a puddler's assistant in a steel mill, and as a result, acquired his nickname. In 1893, he moved to Elwood, Indiana, and served as city clerk from 1898 to 1902. From 1903 to 1907, he served as Recorder of Madison County, Indiana, before returning to Pittsburgh. He personally signed his name as James J. Davies even though his surname had been Americanized to Davis and he became well known through his Americanized surname. He was married and had five children.
[edit] Political views
Davis supported in the eugenics movements.[1] Historian Hans P. Vought argues that Davis lamented the influx of cheap labor from Southern and Eastern Europe. Vought writes that Davis believed hat Americans had, thanks to the eugenics movement, learned to discern between "bad stock and good stock, weak blood and strong blood, sound heredity and sickly human stuff."[2]
[edit] Later career
Davis served as United States Secretary of Labor from 1921 to 1930 under Presidents Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. He is one of only three Cabinet officers in U.S. history to hold the same post under three consecutive Presidents. The other two Cabinet officers to accomplish this were Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson and Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon. During his tenure, he focused on immigration, then a Labor Department responsibility, and established the United States Border Patrol and proposed restrictions in immigration quotas. At the urging of the iron and steel workers union, he successfully urged U.S. Steel to abandon the 12-hour workday.
He resigned as Secretary of Labor upon his election to the United States Senate from Pennsylvania, accepting the seat denied to William S. Vare. In 1922, he published his autobiography, The Iron Puddler. During his tenure in the Senate, he co-sponsored the Davis-Bacon Act with New York Congressman Robert L. Bacon. He was defeated for re-election in 1944. Delta Sigma Phi Fraternity inititated Davis as its only honorary member in 1923 at the request of the Omega chapter at the University of Pittsburgh.
Davis joined the Loyal Order of Moose in 1906 as its 247th member and staged a successful reorganization. He rose to become the Director-General and took the Order internationally to Bermuda, Britain and Canada. In 1926, he founded the Grand Lodge of Britain at his birthplace in Tredegar, South Wales.
[edit] Death
Davis died in Takoma Park, Maryland, following a heart attack at the age of 74. He is buried at Uniondale Cemetery in Pittsburgh.
[edit] References
- U.S. Department of Labor Biography
- DAVIS, James John at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
[edit] External links
- Moose international in the United States
- Moose International in the United Kingdom
- Works by James J. Davis at Project Gutenberg
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by William Wilson |
United States Secretary of Labor Served under: Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover 1921–1930 |
Succeeded by William Doak |
| United States Senate | ||
| Preceded by Joseph Grundy |
United States Senator (Class 3) from Pennsylvania 1930 – 1945 Served alongside: David Reed, Joseph Guffey |
Succeeded by Francis Myers |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by William Vare |
Republican nominee for United States Senator (Class 3) from Pennsylvania 1930, 1932, 1938, 1944 |
Succeeded by James Duff |
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