ra | |
---|---|
![]() Aksara nglegena | |
![]() Aksara pasangan | |
Javanese script | |
Latin orthography | ra |
Phoneme | [r] |
Unicode | A9AB |
ꦫ is one of syllable in Javanese script that represent the sound /ɾɔ/, /ɾa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "ra", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "ro". It has another form (pasangan), which is ◌꧀ꦫ, but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A9AB.[1][2][3]
Pasangan
[edit]Its pasangan form ◌꧀ꦫ, is located on the bottom side of the previous syllable. The pasangan only occurs if a word is ended with a consonant, and the next word starts with 'r', for example ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦫꦗ - anak raja (king's child). If it is located between a consonant and a vocal, it didn't form a pasangan, instead it uses a special panjingan called a cakra (ꦿ) or cakra keret (ꦽ), for example ꦒꦿꦶꦪ - griya (house).
Murda
[edit]The letter ꦫ doesn't have a murda form.
Final consonant
[edit]ꦫ cannot became final consonant (e.g. ꦫ꧀). It is replaced by layar (ꦂ). For example: ꦭꦪꦂ - layar (sail), not ꦭꦪꦫ꧀
Honorific form
[edit]Some writers replaced ꦫ with ꦬ (ra agung) when addressing or discussing royal persons.[4]
Glyphs
[edit]Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ꦫ ra | ꦫꦃ rah | ꦫꦁ rang | ꦫꦂ rar | ◌꧀ꦫ -ra | ◌꧀ꦫꦃ -rah | ◌꧀ꦫꦁ -rang | ◌꧀ꦫꦂ -rar |
ꦫꦺ re | ꦫꦺꦃ reh | ꦫꦺꦁ reng | ꦫꦺꦂ rer | ◌꧀ꦫꦺ -re | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦃ -reh | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦁ -reng | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦂ -rer |
ꦫꦼ rê | ꦫꦼꦃ rêh | ꦫꦼꦁ rêng | ꦫꦼꦂ rêr | ◌꧀ꦫꦼ -rê | ◌꧀ꦫꦼꦃ -rêh | ◌꧀ꦫꦼꦁ -rêng | ◌꧀ꦫꦼꦂ -rêr |
ꦫꦶ ri | ꦫꦶꦃ rih | ꦫꦶꦁ ring | ꦫꦶꦂ rir | ◌꧀ꦫꦶ -ri | ◌꧀ꦫꦶꦃ -rih | ◌꧀ꦫꦶꦁ -ring | ◌꧀ꦫꦶꦂ -rir |
ꦫꦺꦴ ro | ꦫꦺꦴꦃ roh | ꦫꦺꦴꦁ rong | ꦫꦺꦴꦂ ror | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦴ -ro | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦴꦃ -roh | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦴꦁ -rong | ◌꧀ꦫꦺꦴꦂ -ror |
ꦫꦸ ru | ꦫꦸꦃ ruh | ꦫꦸꦁ rung | ꦫꦸꦂ rur | ◌꧀ꦫꦸ -ru | ◌꧀ꦫꦸꦃ -ruh | ◌꧀ꦫꦸꦁ -rung | ◌꧀ꦫꦸꦂ -rur |
ꦫꦿ rra | ꦫꦿꦃ rrah | ꦫꦿꦁ rrang | ꦫꦿꦂ rrar | ◌꧀ꦫꦿ -rra | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦃ -rrah | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦁ -rrang | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦂ -rrar |
ꦫꦿꦺ rre | ꦫꦿꦺꦃ rreh | ꦫꦿꦺꦁ rreng | ꦫꦿꦺꦂ rrer | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺ -rre | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦃ -rreh | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦁ -rreng | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦂ -rrer |
ꦫꦽ rrê | ꦫꦽꦃ rrêh | ꦫꦽꦁ rrêng | ꦫꦽꦂ rrêr | ◌꧀ꦫꦽ -rrê | ◌꧀ꦫꦽꦃ -rrêh | ◌꧀ꦫꦽꦁ -rrêng | ◌꧀ꦫꦽꦂ -rrêr |
ꦫꦿꦶ rri | ꦫꦿꦶꦃ rrih | ꦫꦿꦶꦁ rring | ꦫꦿꦶꦂ rrir | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦶ -rri | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦶꦃ -rrih | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦶꦁ -rring | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦶꦂ -rrir |
ꦫꦿꦺꦴ rro | ꦫꦿꦺꦴꦃ rroh | ꦫꦿꦺꦴꦁ rrong | ꦫꦿꦺꦴꦂ rror | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦴ -rro | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦴꦃ -rroh | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦴꦁ -rrong | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦺꦴꦂ -rror |
ꦫꦿꦸ rru | ꦫꦿꦸꦃ rruh | ꦫꦿꦸꦁ rrung | ꦫꦿꦸꦂ rrur | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦸ -rru | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦸꦃ -rruh | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦸꦁ -rrung | ◌꧀ꦫꦿꦸꦂ -rrur |
ꦫꦾ rya | ꦫꦾꦃ ryah | ꦫꦾꦁ ryang | ꦫꦾꦂ ryar | ◌꧀ꦫꦾ -rya | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦃ -ryah | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦁ -ryang | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦂ -ryar |
ꦫꦾꦺ rye | ꦫꦾꦺꦃ ryeh | ꦫꦾꦺꦁ ryeng | ꦫꦾꦺꦂ ryer | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺ -rye | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦃ -ryeh | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦁ -ryeng | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦂ -ryer |
ꦫꦾꦼ ryê | ꦫꦾꦼꦃ ryêh | ꦫꦾꦼꦁ ryêng | ꦫꦾꦼꦂ ryêr | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦼ -ryê | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦼꦃ -ryêh | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦼꦁ -ryêng | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦼꦂ -ryêr |
ꦫꦾꦶ ryi | ꦫꦾꦶꦃ ryih | ꦫꦾꦶꦁ rying | ꦫꦾꦶꦂ ryir | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦶ -ryi | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦶꦃ -ryih | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦶꦁ -rying | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦶꦂ -ryir |
ꦫꦾꦺꦴ ryo | ꦫꦾꦺꦴꦃ ryoh | ꦫꦾꦺꦴꦁ ryong | ꦫꦾꦺꦴꦂ ryor | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦴ -ryo | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦴꦃ -ryoh | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦴꦁ -ryong | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦺꦴꦂ -ryor |
ꦫꦾꦸ ryu | ꦫꦾꦸꦃ ryuh | ꦫꦾꦸꦁ ryung | ꦫꦾꦸꦂ ryur | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦸ -ryu | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦸꦃ -ryuh | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦸꦁ -ryung | ◌꧀ꦫꦾꦸꦂ -ryur |
Unicode block
[edit]Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.
Javanese[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+A98x | ꦀ | ꦁ | ꦂ | ꦃ | ꦄ | ꦅ | ꦆ | ꦇ | ꦈ | ꦉ | ꦊ | ꦋ | ꦌ | ꦍ | ꦎ | ꦏ |
U+A99x | ꦐ | ꦑ | ꦒ | ꦓ | ꦔ | ꦕ | ꦖ | ꦗ | ꦘ | ꦙ | ꦚ | ꦛ | ꦜ | ꦝ | ꦞ | ꦟ |
U+A9Ax | ꦠ | ꦡ | ꦢ | ꦣ | ꦤ | ꦥ | ꦦ | ꦧ | ꦨ | ꦩ | ꦪ | ꦫ | ꦬ | ꦭ | ꦮ | ꦯ |
U+A9Bx | ꦰ | ꦱ | ꦲ | ꦳ | ꦴ | ꦵ | ꦶ | ꦷ | ꦸ | ꦹ | ꦺ | ꦻ | ꦼ | ꦽ | ꦾ | ꦿ |
U+A9Cx | ꧀ | ꧁ | ꧂ | ꧃ | ꧄ | ꧅ | ꧆ | ꧇ | ꧈ | ꧉ | ꧊ | ꧋ | ꧌ | ꧍ | ꧏ | |
U+A9Dx | ꧐ | ꧑ | ꧒ | ꧓ | ꧔ | ꧕ | ꧖ | ꧗ | ꧘ | ꧙ | ꧞ | ꧟ | ||||
Notes |
References
[edit]- ^ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
- ^ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
- ^ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
- ^ Everson, Michael (2008-03-06). "L2/08-015R: Proposal for encoding the Javanese script in the UCS" (PDF).