| Paraspadella | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chaetognatha |
| Class: | Sagittoidea |
| Order: | Phragmophora |
| Family: | Spadellidae |
| Genus: | Paraspadella von Salvini-Plawen, 1986[1] |
Paraspadella is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. Paraspadella was originally considered as Spadella before a revision separated that genus into three genera: Spadella, Paraspadella, and Gephyrospadella,[1] the last of which is now synonymised to Paraspadella.[2] The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of Spadella, in a similar manner in which Sagitta was divided into a family of genera.[3] Paraspadella is differentiated from Spadella by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter.[1]
Species[edit]
- Paraspadella anops Bowman & Bieri, 1989[2]
- Paraspadella caecafea (von Salvini-Plawen, 1986)[1]
- Paraspadella gotoi Casanova, 1990[4]
- Paraspadella johnstoni (Mawson, 1944)[5]
- Paraspadella legazpichessi (Alvariño, 1981)[6]
- Paraspadella nana (Owre, 1963)[7]
- Paraspadella pimukatharos (Alvariño, 1987)[8]
- Paraspadella pulchella (Owre, 1963)[7]
- Paraspadella schizoptera (Conant, 1895)[9]
- Paraspadella sheardi (Mawson, 1944)[5]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d von Salvini-Plawen, L. (1986). Systematic notes on Spadella and on the Chaetognatha in general. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 24(2), 122–128.
- ^ a b Bowman, T. & Bieri, R. (1989). Paraspadella anops, new species, from Sagittarius Cave, Grand Bahama Island, the second troglobitic chaetognath. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 102(3), 586–589.
- ^ Tokioka, T. (1965). The taxonomical outline of Chaetognatha. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 12(5), 335–357.
- ^ Casanova, J. (1990). A new species of Paraspadella (Chaetognatha) from the coastal waters of Japan. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103(4), 907–912.
- ^ a b Mawson, P. M. (1944). Some species of the chaetognath genus Spadella from New South Wales. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 68, 327–333.
- ^ Alvariño, A. (1981). Spadella legazpichessi, a new benthic chaetognath from Enewetak, Marshall Islands. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 94, 107–121.
- ^ a b Owre, H. B. (1963). The genus Spadella (Chaetognatha) in the western North Atlantic Ocean with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin of Marine Science, 13, 378–390.
- ^ Alvariño, A. (1987). Spadella pimukatharos, a new benthic chaetognath from Santa Catalina Island, California. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 100, 125–133.
- ^ Conant, F. S. (1895). Description of two new chaetognaths: Spadella schizoptera and Sagitta hispida. Johns Hopkins University Circulars, 14(119), 77–78.