Solnhofen Limestone | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Kimmeridgian-Tithonian[1][2] | |
![]() | |
Type | Geological formation |
Underlies | Usseltal Formation |
Overlies | Treuchtlingen Formation |
Lithology | |
Primary | Lithographic limestone[1] |
Other | Slate, Dolomite, Flint |
Location | |
Region | Bavaria |
Country | ![]() |
Type section | |
Named for | Solnhofen |
![]() Facies map of the Solnhofen Archipelago of southern Germany |
The Solnhofen Limestone or Solnhofen Plattenkalk is a collective term for multiple Late Jurassic lithographic limestones in southeastern Germany, which is famous for its well preserved fossil flora and fauna dating to the late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian). The paleoenvironment is also often referred to as the Solnhofen Archipelago. The Solnhofen Archipelago was located at the northern edge of the Tethys Ocean as part of a shallow epicontinental sea and is firmly a part of the Mediterranean realm.[3]
Chondrichthyes
[edit]Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Holocephali
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimaeropsis[4] | C. paradoxa | Solnhofen, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Fragmentary cranial remains and one complete specimen[5] | Holotype destroyed in WW2 airraid[4] | |
Ischyodus[5] | I. egertoni | Eichstätt, Wattendorf | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Multiple complete specimens | ![]() | |
I. quenstedti | May be a junior synonym of I. egertoni | |||||
Elasmodectes[5] | E. avitus | Eichstätt, Blumenberg, Wintershof | Altmühltal Formation | Multiple complete specimens | ||
Chimaerotheca[4] | C. schernfeldensis | Egg capsules of an unknown chimaera |
Elasmobranchii
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hybodus (Egertonodus?)[5] | H. fraasi | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Almost complete but poorly preserved specimen | ![]() | |
Asteracanthus[5] | A. ornatissimus | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Single almost complete specimen of a 2 meter long female | ![]() | |
Strophodus[5] | S. sp | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | Articulated set of jaws and teeth |
Neoselachii
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sphenodus[5] | S. nitidus | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Incomplete skeletal remains and isolated teeth | ![]() | |
S. macer | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Incomplete skeletal remains and isolated teeth | |||
Synechodus[5] | S. ungeri | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Almost complete skeleton and isolated teeth | ![]() | |
Paraorthacodus[5] | P. jurensis | Haunsfeld, Blumenberg, Schernfeld, Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() | |
Macrourogaleous[5] | M. hassei | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens |
Batomorphii
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asterodermus[5] | A. platypterus | Solnhofen, Kelheim, Blumenberg, Birkhof | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ||
Spathobatis[5] | S. bugesiacus | Eichstätt, Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ||
Rajitheca[5] | R. sp | Several specimens in private collections | Egg capsules of Batomorphs |
Heterodontiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paracestracion[5] | P. falcifer | Solnhofen? Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Complete skeleton, potentially more specimens | ![]() | |
P. viohli | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | Single incomplete skeleton | |||
P. danieli | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Single incomplete skeleton | ![]() | ||
Heterodontus[5] | H. zitteli | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Single complete skeleton lacking teeth, several other specimens may be referrable | ![]() |
Orectolobiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phorcynis[5] | P. catulina | Eichstätt, Zandt, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | Several skeletons | ||
Palaeorectolobus[5] | P. agomphius | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | One incomplete specimen |
Carcharhiniformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bavariscyllium[5] | B. tischlingeri | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ||
Palaeoscyllium[5] | P. formosum | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ||
Scyliorhinotheca[5] | S. sp | egg capsule of a catshark |
Lamniformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Palaeocarcharias[5] | P. stromeri | Eichstätt, Kelheim, Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens |
Hexanchiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crassodontidanus[5] | C. serranus | Eichstätt, Daiting | Altmühltal Formation | Isolated Teeth | ||
Notidanoides[5] | N. muensteri | Eichstätt, Daiting | Altmühltal Formation | Isolated teeth, one almost complete skeleton was presumably destroyed during WW2 | Another incomplete skeleton of the Genus is known from the Nusplingen limestone | ![]() |
Squatiniformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pseudorhina[5] | P. acanthoderma | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | |||
P. alifera | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() |
Other
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Protospinax[5] | P. annectans | Solnhofen, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens |
Osteognathostomata
[edit]Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Chondostrei
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C. bucklandi[6] |
Eichstätt, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete Specimens | |||
C. solnhofensis[7] | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation |
Pycnodontiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arduafrons[8] | A. prominoris | Blumenberg, Wintershof, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() | |
Apomesodon[9] | A. comosus | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
A. sp | Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ||||
E. gibbosus[10] |
Blumenberg, Wintershof, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() | ||
G. circularis[10] |
Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens | ![]() | ||
G. hexagonus[10] |
Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Painten, Schamhaupten, Brunn | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens | ![]() | ||
M. verrucosus[10] |
Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens | |||
M. heckeli[10] |
||||||
M. macropterus[10] |
Kelheim | Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Piranhamesodon[11] | P. pinnatomus[11] | Ettling | Singular partial skeleton | |||
P. elegans[10] |
Eichstätt. Ettling | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens | ![]() | ||
P. formosus[10] |
||||||
P. bernardi[12] | Schamhaupten, Ettling, Painten | Torleite Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() | ||
Turbomesodon[13] | T. relegans | Eichstätt, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Turboscinetes[12] | T. egertoni | Ettling | ||||
Thiollierepycnodus[14] | T. wagneri | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | ![]() |
Ginglymodi
[edit]Lepisosteiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
"Lepidotes"[15] | "L." decoratus | |||||
"L." intermedius | ||||||
"L." oblongus | ||||||
"L." pustulosus | ||||||
"L." subovatus | ||||||
"L." unguiculatus | ||||||
Scheenstia[16] |
S. maximus[16] |
![]() | ||||
S. decoratus | ||||||
S. zappi[17] | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | Single almost complete specimen | |||
Semionotiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Callipurbeckia | C. notopterus[16] | |||||
Macrosemimimus[18] | M. fegerti | Ettling | Multiple complete specimens | ![]() |
Macrosemiidae
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H. oberndorferi[19] |
Kelheim | Torleite Formation | Two incomplete specimens | ![]() | ||
M. rostratus[19] |
Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens | ![]() | ||
M. fourneti | Brunn | Torleite Formation | One complete specimen | |||
N. decoratus[19] |
||||||
N. denticulatus |
Eichstätt, Schamhaupten, Painten, Brunn, Ettling? | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Dozens of complete specimens | ![]() | ||
Palaeomacrosemius[20] | P. thiollieri | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ||
P. elongatus[19] |
Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() | ||
P. microstomus[19] |
Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Several complete specimens | ![]() | ||
E. beatae[19] |
||||||
Voelklichthys[21] | V. comitatus | Painten | Torleite Formation | Singular specimen | ![]() |
Dapediiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H. latus[22] |
Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation |
Halecomorphi
[edit]Ionoscopidae
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ainia[23] | A. agassizi | Brunn | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Altmuehlfuro[24] | A. boomerang | |||||
Brachyichthys[25] | B. radiato-puncatus | |||||
B. typicus | ||||||
I. cyprinoides[25] |
Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
I. desori | Zandt | Torleite Formation | ||||
I. esocinus[25] |
||||||
I. münsteri[25] |
||||||
I. striatissimus[25] |
||||||
"Furo"[26] | "F." angustus | Solnhofen, Schamhaupten, Zandt | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | |||
"F." longiserratus | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Kelheim, Zandt | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
"F." latimanus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
Ophiopsis[27] | O. muensteri | Kelheim, Brunn, Ettling | ![]() | |||
Ophiopsiella[27] | O. attenuata | |||||
O. breviceps | ![]() | |||||
O. procera | ![]() | |||||
Schernfeldfuro[26] | S. uweelleri | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Zandtfuro[26] | Z. tischlingeri | Zandt | Torleite Formation |
Amiiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amblysemius[28] | A. bellicianus | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
A. pachyurus | ||||||
"A." granulatus | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
Caturus[28] | C. furcatus | Kelheim, Solnhofen, Ettling, Wattendorf? | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
"C." macrurus | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
"C." latus | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
"C." granulatus | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
"C." ferox | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
"Furo"[29] | "F." microlepidotus | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
Strobilodus[28] | S. giganteus | Painten | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Liodesmus[25] | L. gracilis | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | |||
L. sprattiformis | Solnhofen, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
Lophiurus? | L. minutus | |||||
Amiopsis[25] | A. lepidota | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
Solnhofenamia[25] | S. elongata | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() |
Pleuropholidae
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P. laevissima[30] |
Daiting, Painten | Mörnsheim Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
P. pompecki[30] |
||||||
P. wagneri[30] |
Pachycormidae
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. titanius[31] |
Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
H. insignis[31] |
Obereichstätt, Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
H. macrodon[31] |
||||||
Leedsichthys? | L. sp | |||||
O. cornutus[31] |
Birkhof, Blumenberg, Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
O. roeperi | Brunn | Torleite Formation | ||||
O. teyleri? | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
P. retrodorsalis[32] |
Langenaltheim | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
Pachycormidae | Indeterminate | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | Giant skull fragment of a presumably 4 meter long pachycormid | ||
S. longimanus[31] |
Eichstätt, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
S. depressus[31] |
Blumenberg, Schernfeld, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
Simocormus[33] | S. macrolepidotus | Solnhofen, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation |
Aspidorhynchidae
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. acutirostris[34] |
Eichstätt, Zandt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
A. ornatissimus | ||||||
A. sanzenbacheri | Ettling, Painten? | Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Belonostomus[34] | B. kochi | Kelheim, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation? | ![]() | ||
B. muensteri[34] |
Daiting, Mühlheim, Solnhofen, Langenaltheim, Zandt, Schamhaupten | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
B. tenuirostris[34] |
Solnhofen, Zandt, Langenaltheim | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ||||
B. speciosus | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
B. spyraenoides | Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Wintershof | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() |
"Pholidophoridae"
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indeterminate.[35] |
||||||
E. speciosus[35] |
Eichstätt, Painten, Zandt | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
P. micronyx[35] |
||||||
P. ovatus[35] |
Ettling | |||||
"P." armatus[35] |
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"P." diagonalis[35] |
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"P." falcifer[35] |
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"P." microps[35] |
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"P." sculptus[35] |
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"P." latimanus | ||||||
"P." latus | ||||||
"P." longiserratus | ||||||
"P." smilis | ||||||
Siemensichthys[36] | S. macrocephalus | Kapfelberg | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
S. siemensi | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | ![]() |
Crossognathiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bavarichthys | B. incognitus | Ettling | Torleite Formation? | Single complete skeleton | The oldest record of a crossognathiform in Europe | ![]() |
Ichthyodectiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. mesogaster[37] |
||||||
A. salmoneus[37] |
Eichstätt, Painten, brunn | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Ascalabothrissops[38] | A. voelkli | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
P. propterus[37] |
Kelheim, Zandt, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
T. formosus[37] |
Eichstätt, Kelheim, Mühlheim, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | ![]() | |||
T. subovatus[37] |
Eichstätt, Kelheim, Ettling | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation? |
Elopiformes
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anaethalion[39] | "A." angustissimus | Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | |||
A. angustus | Langenaltheim, Eichstätt, Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
A. knorri | ||||||
A. subovatus | ||||||
A. zapporum | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Daitingichthys[39] | D. tischlingeri | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | |||
Eichstaettia[39] | E. mayri | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
Elopsomolos[38] | E. frickhingeri | Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
E. sp 1 | ||||||
E. sp 2 | ||||||
E. sp 3 |
Osteoglossomorpha
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ascalabos[40] | A. voithii | Eichstätt, Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
Tischlingerichthys[41] | T. viohli | |||||
Tharsis[42] | T. dubius | Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | |||
T. elleri | Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
T. sp | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Ebertichthys[40] | E. ettlingensis | Ettling | Torleite Formation? | ![]() | ||
L. haerteisi[43] |
Zandt, Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | ||||
L. sprattiformis[43] |
Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Kelheim, Langenaltheim, Schernfeld, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | Multiple Mass mortality plates of this species are known.
It represents the most common vertebrate of the Solnhofen limestone. |
![]() | ||
O. hoelli[43] |
Ettling | Torleite Formation? | ![]() | |||
O. leichi[43] |
Ettling | Torleite Formation? |
Coelacanths
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C. bavaricum | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
C. gigas | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | ||||
C. suevicum | ||||||
C. nudum | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
Libys[44] | L. polypterus | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | |||
L. superbus | Zandt | Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Undina[44] | U. acutidens | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | |||
U. penicillata | Kelheim, Painten, Wattendorf | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Macropoma[44] | M. willemoesi | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation |
Reptiles
[edit]Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Lizards
[edit]Name | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. brevipes |
Eichstätt |
Altmühltal Formation | Small Lepidosaur thought to be close to the base of Geckota[45] | |||
A. digitatellus |
Solnhofen, Eichstätt |
Altmühltal Formation | ||||
B. macrodactylus |
Kelheim |
Altmühltal Formation | ||||
Palaeolacerta[45] | P. bavarica | |||||
E. schroederi |
Eichstätt |
Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
Schoenesmahl[45] | S. dyspepsia | Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation | Bavariasaurid lizard that was found in the stomach of the Compsognathus Holotype[45] | ![]() |
Rhynchocephalians
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H. maximillioni |
Eichstätt, Painten, Schamhaupten, Kelheim |
Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Sapheosaurus | S. laticeps | Eichstätt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Large sapheosaurid reaching 70 cm in length, it may be semi-aquatic | ![]() | |
Sphenofontis[23] | S. velseraegen | Brunn | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Kallimodon | K. pulchellus | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | Sapheosauridae | ||
Oenosaurus | O. muehlheimensis | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | Rhynchocephalian with dentition unique among Tetrapods[46] | ![]() | |
Vadasaurus | V. herzogi | Painten | Torleite Formation | Rhynchocephalian close to the base of Pleurosauridae[47] | ![]() | |
Piocormus | P. laticeps | Painten? | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
P. goldfussi |
Eichstätt, Langenaltheim, Painten, Mühlheim, Wattendorf |
Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation, Mörnsheim Formation |
Acrosaurus fischmanni is a synonym.[48] |
![]() |
Ichthyosaurs
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. leptospondylus |
Eichstätt, Solnhofen[50] |
Altmühltal Formation | ||||
A. sp[51] | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
Ichthyosauria | Indeterminate | Painten | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Ichthyosauria | Indeterminate | Painten | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Eichstätt, Kelheim, Solnhofen |
Altmühltal Formation |
Nomen dubium. Known only from isolated teeth. |
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Nannopterygius? | N. sp | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation |
Turtles
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Achelonia[52] | A. formosa | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
C. temnospondyla |
Solnhofen |
Altmühltal Formation | ||||
E. wagleri |
Solnhofen, Kelheim, Painten, Wattendorf |
Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
I. fitzingeri |
Eichstätt |
Altmühltal Formation | ||||
P. testa |
Kelheim, Eichstätt, Solnhofen |
Altmühltal Formation |
Eurysternum crassipes and Thalassemys marina are synonyms. |
![]() | ||
P. oberndorferi |
Kelheim |
Altmühltal Formation | Platychelyid sea turtle | ![]() | ||
S. parsonsi |
Eichstätt, Painten |
Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |||
Tropidemys[52] | T. langii | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
Thalassemys[55] | T. bruntrutana | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | ![]() |
Crocodylomorphs
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aeolodon[56] | A. priscus | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | Two partial skeletons | A teleosaur | ![]() |
A. bavaricus |
Eichstätt, Kelheim, Painten |
Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | Partial skeleton[58] |
An atoposaurid |
![]() | |
Atoposaurus[57] | A. oberndorferi | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | An atoposaurid | ||
Cricosaurus[59] | C. albersdoerferi | Painten | Torleite Formation | Complete skeleton preserving soft tissue | ![]() | |
C. bambergensis | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | One almost complete skeleton | ![]() | ||
C. elegans |
Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Daiting |
Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | Skull and vertebrae (NHM 43005)[60]
Partial skull (NHM 37006[60]) |
|||
C. rauhuti | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | Partial 3D skull | |||
Crocodilaemus | C. sp | Brunn | Torleite Formation | Complete skeleton of a juvenile | ![]() | |
D. maximus |
Eichstätt, Schernfeld, Schamhaupten, Painten, Kelheim |
Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Isolated teeth (JME-SOS4577, JME-SOS2535[60])[62] |
A metriorhynchid |
![]() | |
G. giganteus |
Solnhofen, Daiting |
Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | Skull and mandible (NHM 37020)[63]
Isolated tooth (NHM 37016)[63] |
A metriorhynchid |
![]() | |
G. grandis | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | ||||
R. gracilis |
Eichstätt, Zandt, Daiting |
Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation, Torleite Formation | Skull and skeleton (NHM R.3948)[63][60] |
A metriorhynchid |
![]() | |
Machimosaurus | M. sp | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | Isolated teeth | ![]() | |
"Steneosaurus" | "S." jugleri |
Dinosaurs
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Archaeopteryx[64] | A. albersdoerferi[65] | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | Parts of the skull and wings | ![]() | |
A. siemensii[66] |
Langenaltheim, Workerszell |
Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |||
A. lithographica[64] |
Langenaltheim, Eichstätt |
Altmühltal Formation | ||||
Alcmonavis[67] | A. poeschli | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | Partial wing | ![]() | |
C. longipes[64] |
Kelheim (Goldberg) |
Altmühltal Formation | Complete skeleton | Stomach contents are preserved in the form of the lizard Schoenesmahl.
A second specimen of the genus is known from the French Canjuers Lagerstätte |
||
Juravenator[68] | J. starki | Schamhaupten | Torleite Formation | Single complete skeleton with soft tissue | ![]() | |
Ostromia[69] | O. crassipes | Jachenhausen | Torleite Formation | Partial limb bones | ![]() | |
Sciurumimus[70] | S. albersdoerferi | Painten | Torleite Formation | Complete skeleton of a juvenile preserving soft tissue | ![]() |
Pterosaurs
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. scolopaciceps |
Formerly classified as a species of Pterodactylus, closely related to Ardeadactylus, Aurorazhdarcho, and Cycnorhamphus.[71] |
![]() | ||||
A. ammoni |
The holotype consists of a partial skeleton, while the second specimen is represented by a perfectly preserved juvenile including soft tissue. | ![]() | ||||
A. longicollum |
The holotype was destroyed in a WW2 air raid, but another more complete specimen is known from the Nusplingen limestone. |
Formerly considered a species of Pterodactylus, it is more closely related to Gnathosaurus and Germanodactylus.[72] |
||||
Altmuehlopterus[73] | A. rhamphastinus | ![]() | ||||
A. micronyx |
![]() | |||||
Bellubrunnus[75] | B. rothgaengeri | Brunn | Torleite Formation | Single complete skeleton of a juvenile | ![]() | |
Balaenognathus[76] | B. maeuseri | Wattendorf | Torleite Formation | ![]() | ||
C. elegans |
Originally classified as Pterodactylus elegans |
![]() | ||||
C. gracile | ![]() | |||||
C. sp | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | Skull and two cervical vertebrae | |||
C. suevicus |
Originally classified as Pterodactylus suevicus. This genus originally hails from the Nusplingen Limestone |
![]() | ||||
Diopecephalus[73] | D. kochi | |||||
G. cristatus |
Originally classified as Pterodactylus cristatus |
|||||
G. subulatus |
![]() | |||||
Gnathosaurinae[23] | Indeterminate | Brunn | Torleite Formation | |||
P. antiquus |
Only one species is currently supported as valid, the rest represent growth stages, often of other species, synonyms, or nomina dubia.[77] | ![]() | ||||
Petrodactyle[78] | P. wellnhoferi | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | ![]() | ||
Propterodactylus[79] | P. frankerlae | Ulmense | Painten Formation[80] | A complete skeleton | Notable for its transitional features between pterodactyloids and more basal monofenestratans | ![]() |
R. muensteri |
Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Painten, Kelheim | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Only one species is currently supported as valid, the rest represent growth stages, often of other species, synonyms, or nomina dubia.[81] | ![]() | ||
"Rhamphodactylus" | Indeterminate | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | |||
S. crassirostris[82] |
Eichstätt, Mühlheim | Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | A Solnhofen genus erected in 1861 by J. A. Wagner when he recognized the rhamphorhynchoid nature of "Pterodactylus" crassirostris after the discovery of a specimen with a preserved tail.[82] The Solnhofen Limestone is the only known source of Scaphognathus fossils.[82]
S. crassirostris was originally named P. crassirostris in 1831 by August Goldfuss who mistook the tailless specimen for a new Pterodactylus species.[82] |
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Sauropterygia
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pliosauridae[83] | Indeterminate | Kelheim, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Torleite Formation | Isolated teeth of great size | ![]() |
Echinodermata
[edit]Crinoids
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liliocrinus[84] | L. sp | ![]() | |||
Millericrinus[84] | M. mespiliformis | ![]() | |||
M. nobilis | |||||
Balanocrinus[84] | B. sigmaringensis | ||||
B. subteres | |||||
Pentacrinus[84] | P. cf. pentagonalis | ||||
Comaturella[84] | C. pennata | Solnhofen, Zandt, Langenaltheimer Haardt | Almtühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | |
C. formosa | Zandt | Painten Formation | |||
Solanocrinites[84] | S. costatus | ![]() | |||
S. gracilis | |||||
S. imperialis | |||||
Saccocoma[85] | S. pectinata | Saccocoma remains are the most common macroscopic fossils in the Solnhofen limestone.[85] | ![]() | ||
S. tenella | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() |
Ophiuroidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geocoma[84] | G. carinata | Solnhofen, Zandt | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | |
G. planata | |||||
Ophiopetra[84] | O. lithographica | Kelheim, Hienheim | Painten Formation | ![]() | |
Ophiurella[84] | O. speciosa | Solnhofen, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | |
Sinosura[84] | S. kelheimense | Hienheim, Ried, Kelheim | Painten Formation | ![]() |
Asteroidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Archasteropecten[84] | A. elegans | ||||
Lithaster[84] | L. jurassicus | ||||
Pentasteria[84] | P. tithonica | Hienheim | Painten Formation | ||
P. lithographica | Zandt | Painten Formation | |||
Riedaster[84] | R. reicheli | Ried | Painten Formation | ||
Terminaster[84] | T. cancriformis | Böhmfeld | Altmühltal Formation |
Echinoidea
[edit]Cidaroidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diplocidaris[84] | D. sp | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Rhabdocidaris[84] | R. boehmi | ||||
R. mayri | ![]() | ||||
R. orbignyana | Brunn, Painten | Torleite Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | ||
R. trispinata | |||||
R. sp | Painten | Painten Formation | |||
Plegiocidaris[84] | P. blumenbachii | ||||
P. sp | |||||
Paracidaris[84] | P. sp |
Euechinoidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diadematacea[84] | Indeterminate | ||||
Echinothurioidea[84] | Indeterminate | ||||
Polydiadema[84] | P. sp | ||||
Diademopsis[84] | D. sp | ||||
Hemipedina[84] | H. sp | ||||
Pedina[84] | P. lithographica | ||||
P. sp | Painten | Painten Formation | |||
Phymopedina[84] | P. marchamensis | Painten | Painten Formation | ||
P. sp | |||||
Hemicidaris[84] | H. intermedia | Eichstätt, Zandt, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | |
Acrocidaris[84] | A. sp | ||||
Diplopodia[84] | D. subangularis | ![]() | |||
Pseudodiadema[84] | P. lithographica | Ried, Breitenhill | Painten Formation | ||
P. pseudodiadema | |||||
Tetragramma[84] | T. planissima | Painten | Painten Formation |
Other Echinoids
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phymosoma[84] | P. sp | Mörnsheim, Breitenhill | Mörnsheim Formation, Painten Formation | ||
Pseudosalenia[84] | P. aspera | Brunn, Schamhaupten | Painten Formation, Torleite Formation | ||
Pygaster[84] | P. sp | ||||
Holectypus[84] | H. corallinus | ||||
H. sp | |||||
Kieripygurus[84] | K. jurensis | ||||
Pygurus[84] | P. sp | Eichstätt, Kelheim, Schamhaupten, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ||
Nucleolites[84] | N. sp | Brunn, Kelheim | Painten Formation, Torleite Formation | ||
Collyropsis[84] | C. carinata | ||||
C. sp | |||||
Stomechinus[84] | S. perlatus | Kapfelberg | Altmühltal Formation? |
Holothuroidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jumaraina[84] | J. sp | ||||
Achistrum[84] | A. sp | ||||
Hemisphaerantos[84] | H. sp | ||||
Priscopedatus[84] | P. sp | ||||
Synallactidae[84] | Indeterminate |
Molluscs
[edit]Cephalopods
[edit]Nautiloidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pseudaganides | P. franconicus | Solnhofen? | Altmühltal Formation | ||
P. sp | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation | |||
Pseudonautilus | P. sp | Mühlheim | Mörnsheim Formation |
Ammonoidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phylloceras | P. serum | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | ||
Glochiceras | G. cf. lens | ![]() | |||
Streblites | S. sp | Eichstätt, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Fontannesiella | F. prolithographica | Solnhofen, Daiting, Mörnsheim | Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | ||
F. cf. franciscanum | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
F. cf. euglyptum | Langenaltheimer Haardt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Lingulaticeras | L. planulatum | ||||
L. solenoides | Wegscheid | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | ||
L. sp | |||||
Metahaploceras | M. acallopistum | ||||
M. rebouletianum | |||||
M. subnudatum | |||||
Neochetoceras | N. bous | Blumenberg, Birkhof | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |
N. mucronatum | |||||
N. praecursor | |||||
N. steraspis | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Hummelberg | Atlmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | |||
Paralingulaticeras | P. haeberleini | ||||
P. lithographicum | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | |||
P. nodosum | |||||
P. percevali | |||||
Taramelliceras | T. hemipleurum | ||||
Aspidoceras | A. hoplisum | Solnhofen, Wegscheid | Atlmühltal Formation | ![]() | |
A .sp | Brunn | Torleite Formation | |||
Physodoceras | P. episoides | ||||
P. hermanni | Brunn | Torleite Formation | |||
P. nattheimense | ![]() | ||||
P. pipini | |||||
Sutneria | S. apora | Birkhof, Wintershof | Altmühltal Formation | ||
S. bracheri | |||||
S. rebholzi | |||||
S. subeumela | Brunn | Torleite Formation | |||
S. sp | |||||
Hybonotella | H. mundula | Langenaltheimer Haardt | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Hybonoticeras | H. hybonotum | Solnhofen, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |
H. pseudohybonotum | |||||
H. sp | |||||
Gravesia | G. gigas | Hienheim, Ried, Wegscheid | Painten Formation | ![]() | |
G. sp | |||||
Berckhemeria | B. cf. scherzingeri | ||||
Virgataxioceras | V. setatum | ||||
V. supinum | |||||
V. sp | |||||
Euvirgalithacoceras | E. supremum | Solnhofen, Eichstätt | Atlmühltal Formation | ||
E. eystettense | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Hoelderia | H. sp | Wintershof | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Lithacoceras | L. eigeltingense | Zandt | Painten Formation | ||
L. eystettense | |||||
L. cf. liptingense | Langenaltheimer Haardt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
L. cf. riedense | |||||
L. cf. ulmense | |||||
L. sp | Schernfeld, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Pseudodiscosphinctes | P. ardescicus | ||||
Silisphinctes | S. cf. russi | Zandt | Painten Formation | ||
S. sp | Wegscheid | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Subplanites | S. moernsheimensis | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | ||
S. postrueppellianus | Solnhofen, Blumenberg, Wintershof, Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
S. rueppellianus | Solnhofen, Wegscheid | Altmühltal Formation | |||
S. viohli | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | |||
S. laisackerensis | Birkhof | Altmühltal Formation | |||
"Torquatisphinctes" | "S". filiplex | ||||
"S". isolatus | |||||
Aulacostephanus | A. cf. subundorae | Painten | Torleite Formation?, Painten Formation |
Belemnoidea
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acanthoteuthis | A. leichi | ||||
A. speciosa | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Birkhof | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Belemnoteuthis | B. mayri | Wintershof | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Hibolithes | H. hasatus | Solnhofen, Breitenhill, Painten | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |
H. semisulcatus | |||||
Pavloteuthis | P. kapitzkei | Wegscheid | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Rhaphibelus | R. acicula | Eichstätt. Blumenberg, Wegscheid | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Winkleriteuthis | W. problematicus | Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation |
Vampyromorpha
[edit]Genus | Species | Locality | Formation | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boreopeltis | B. sagittata | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Engeseriteuthis[86] | E. arcuatus | Schamhaupten | Painten Formation | ||
Plesioteuthis | P. prisca | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Wegscheid, Schamhaupten | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | |
P. subovata | |||||
Senefelderiteuthis | S. tricarinata | Eichstätt, Daiting | Altmühltal Formation, Mörnsheim Formation | ||
Trachyteuthis[87] | T. hastiformis | Daiting, Painten, Eichstätt, Brunn | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation, Torleite Formation | ![]() | |
T. teudopsiformis | Blumenberg, Schamhaupten | Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ![]() | ||
Teudopsinia[88] | T. grossheidei | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Tyrionella[86] | T. fauseri | Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Donovaniteuthis | D. schoepfeli | ||||
Leptoteuthis | L. gigas | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Blumenberg | Altmühltal Formation | ![]() | |
Listroteuthis[86] | L. conica | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation | Holotype specimen destroyed during WW2 | |
Bavaripeltis[84] | B. bavarica | Solnhofen | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Doryanthes[84] | D. munsterii | Eichstätt, Blumenberg, Mörnsheim | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation | ||
Palaeololigo[89] | P. albersdoerferi | Eichstätt | Altmühltal Formation | ||
P. oblonga | Schernfeld | Altmühltal Formation | |||
Celaenoteuthis[86] | C. incerta | Solnhofen, Eichstätt, Birkscheid | Altmühltal Formation | ||
Muensterella[86] | M. scutellaris | Eichstätt, Solnhofen, Wegscheid, Wintershof, Painten, Mörnsheim | Mörnsheim Formation, Altmühltal Formation, Painten Formation | ||
M. spinosa | Daiting | Mörnsheim Formation |
Arthropods
[edit]Crustacea
[edit]Xiphosura
[edit]Horseshoe crabs of the Solnhofen Formation | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Taxa | Presence | Notes | Images | |
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Thylacocephalans
[edit]Thylacocephalans of the Solnhofen Formation | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Taxa | Presence | Notes | Images | |
Clausocaris | C. lithographica | |||
Dollocaris | D. michelorum | |||
Mayrocaris | M. bucculata | |||
Falcatacaris | F. bastelbergeri |
Insects
[edit]Dragonflies of the Solnhofen Formation | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Taxa | Presence | Notes | Images | |
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References
[edit]- ^ a b Rauhut, O. W., Heyng, A. M., López-Arbarello, A., & Hecker, A. (2012). A new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Germany with a dentition that is unique amongst tetrapods. PLoS ONE, 7(10): e46839.
- ^ Schweigert, G. 2007. Ammonite biostratigraphy as a tool for dating Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones from South Germany – first results and open questions." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen, 245(1): 117-125. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0245-0117
- ^ Tyborowski, Daniel; Błażejowski, Błażej (December 2019). "New marine reptile fossils from the Late Jurassic of Poland with implications for vertebrate faunas palaeobiogeography". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 130 (6): 741–751. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.09.004.
- ^ a b c Duffin, Christopher J.; Lauer, Bruce; Lauer, René (2022-11-30). "Chimaeroid egg cases from the Late Jurassic of the Solnhofen area (S Germany)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 306 (2): 161–175. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2022/1101. ISSN 0077-7749.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Villalobos-Segura, Eduardo; Stumpf, Sebastian; Türtscher, Julia; Jambura, Patrick; Begat, Arnaud; López-Romero, Faviel; Fischer, Jan; Kriwet, Jürgen (2023-03-08). "A Synoptic Review of the Cartilaginous Fishes (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali, Elasmobranchii) from the Upper Jurassic Konservat-Lagerstätten of Southern Germany: Taxonomy, Diversity, and Faunal Relationships". Diversity. 15 (3): 386. doi:10.3390/d15030386. ISSN 1424-2818. PMC 7614348. PMID 36950327.
- ^ a b "Table 1; Chondrostei; Coccolepidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
- ^ López-Arbarello, Adriana; Ebert, Martin (2021). "Diversity of Coccolepis AGASSIZ, 1843 (Coccolepididae, Chondrostei) from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen-Archipelago, Southern Germany". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 66. doi:10.4202/app.00873.2021.
- ^ Kriwet, Jürgen (2016-11-15). "Success and extinction of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, Pycnodontomorpha)". doi:10.55776/p29796.
- ^ Kölbl-Ebert, Martina; Ebert, Martin; Bellwood, David R.; Schulbert, Christian (November 2018). "A Piranha-like Pycnodontiform Fish from the Late Jurassic". Current Biology. 28 (21): 3516–3521.e2. Bibcode:2018CBio...28E3516K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.013. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 30344113.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Table 1; Halecostomi; Pycnodontiformes" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
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- ^ a b Ebert, E (2018). "The Pycnodontidae (Actinopterygii) in the late Jurassic: 2) Turboscinetes gen. nov. in the Solnhofen Archipelago (Germany) and Cerin (France) (project)". MorphoBank datasets. doi:10.7934/p3271. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ Poyato-Ariza, Francisco Jose; Wenz, Sylvie (2000-03-01). "A new pycnodontiform fish from the Early Cretaceous of Las Hoyas (Cuenca, Spain)". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France. 171 (2): 251–258. doi:10.2113/171.2.251. ISSN 1777-5817.
- ^ Ebert, Martin (2019-10-21). "A new genus of Pycnodontidae (Actinopterygii) from the Upper Jurassic of France and Germany, included in a phylogeny of Pycnodontiformes". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz087. ISSN 0024-4082.
- ^ Lambers, Paul H. (1999). "[No title found]". Geologie en Mijnbouw. 78 (2): 215–229. doi:10.1023/A:1003855831015.
- ^ a b c "Table 1; Halecostomi; Semionotidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
- ^ López-Arbarello, Adriana; Sferco, Emilia (June 2011). "New semionotiform (Actinopterygii: Neopterygii) from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 9 (2): 197–215. Bibcode:2011JSPal...9..197L. doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.493751. hdl:11336/53446. ISSN 1477-2019.
- ^ Schröder, Kerstin M.; López-Arbarello, Adriana; Ebert, Martin (May 2012). "Macrosemimimus, gen. nov. (Actinopterygii, Semionotiformes), from the Late Jurassic of Germany, England, and France". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (3): 512–529. Bibcode:2012JVPal..32..512S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.649626. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Table 1; Halecostomi; Macrosemiidae" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
- ^ Ebert, Martin; Lane, Jennifer A.; Kölbl-Ebert, Martina (2016-09-02). "Palaeomacrosemius thiollieri, gen. et sp. nov., a new Macrosemiidae (Neopterygii) from the Upper Jurassic of the Solnhofen Archipelago (Germany) and Cerin (France), with a revision of the genus Macrosemius". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (5): e1196081. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E6081E. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1196081. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ Arratia, G.; Schultze, H.-P. (2012-01-01). "The macrosemiiform fish companion of the Late Jurassic theropod Juravenator from Schamhaupten, Bavaria, Germany". Fossil Record. 15 (1): 5–25. Bibcode:2012FossR..15....5A. doi:10.5194/fr-15-5-2012. ISSN 2193-0074.
- ^ a b "Table 1; Halecostomi; 'Halecostomi inc. sed.'" in Lambers (1999) pg. 216.
- ^ a b c Villa, Andrea; Montie, Roel; Röper, Martin; Rothgaenger, Monika; Rauhut, Oliver W.M. (2021-05-03). "Sphenofontis velseraegen. et sp. nov., a new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Brunn (Solnhofen Archipelago, southern Germany)". PeerJ. 9: e11363. doi:10.7717/peerj.11363. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 8101455. PMID 33987027.
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General
[edit]- Lambers, P. H. (1999). The actinopterygian fish fauna of the Late Kimmeridgian and Early Tithonian 'Plattenkalke' near Solnhofen (Bavaria, Germany): state of the art. Geologie en Mijnbouw 78:215-229.