Dwarf coconut is a range of varieties of coconut palm. The use of the word “dwarf” here does not refer to the tree's size, as it can reach heights of 50–100 feet which is certainly not a dwarf. Instead, the dwarf designation refers to the size at which it will begin to produce the coveted or harvestable coconut.[1]
Dwarf varieties[edit]
Other types of dwarfs are: (in alphabetical order)
- Cameroon Red Dwarf
- Chowghat Dwarf Green
- Chowghat Dwarf Orange
- Coconino
- Eburnea
- Equatorial Guinea Green Dwarf
- Equatorial Guinea Yellow Dwarf
- Fiji Dwarf: form a large bulb at the lower stem
- Gangabondam
- Ghana Yellow Dwarf
- Gon Thembili
- Haari Papua
- Kelapa Gading
- Kelapa Radja
- Laccadive Dwarf
- Lakshadweep Dwarf
- Maldive Dwarf
- Mangipod
- Mu-see-Keo
- N'uleka
- Nok-koom
- Pilipog
- Pugai
- Pumila
- Rath Thembli
- Regia
Malayan Dwarf[edit]
The Malayan Dwarf is a variety of dwarf coconut. The palm is classified based on the nut color: ivory yellow nuts, apricot red nuts, and green nuts.[2] The palm's resistance to the Lethal Yellowing disease is the characteristic that makes it to be one of the important dwarf types in the world. The Dwarf in the name is because at a small size it can have fruit.[2]
Recognition of the Malayan Dwarf's resistance to lethal yellowing was formed in 1956 at Round Hill, Jamaica, where the Malayan Dwarfs affected by the disease were only a very small percentage.[2]
Hybrid varieties[edit]
The Maypan coconut palm is a DwarfxTall hybrid between the Malayan Dwarf and Panama Tall.[2] The DwarfxTall hybrid between the Malayan Dwarf (yellow) and West African Tall is locally known as Mawa, in Ivory Coast, Mawa is known as Port-Bouet-121.[2]
There are several other varieties of coconut which have been developed by DwarfxTall hybrid process and are cultivated in India. Some of the popular hybrid varieties of coconut include Sampoorna DxT, Unnati DxT, Arjuna TxD, etc. All these varieties are a cross between tall and dwarf variety of coconuts cultivated in India.
In many coastal areas of eastern India especially West Bengal, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh where weather conditions are severely affected by cyclonic storms, Hybrid coconut cultivation as a climate resilient practice serves as a safety net mechanism for farmers.[3]
References[edit]
- ^ "DWARF COCONUT PALM TREES". Palmco. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d e P.K. Thampan. 1981. Handbook on Coconut Palm. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.
- ^ Satya, Tapas. "Hybrid coconut cultivation as a climate resilient practice in Odisha to serve as a safety net mechanism for farmers". CGIAR. CGIAR. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
Bibliography[edit]
- P.K. Thampan, V.T. Markose. 1973. The Dwarf Coconut. Directorate of Coconut Development, Cochin.
- Ajay Kumar Mishra, Satya Tapas, DS Rana, Sheetal Sharma, 2021. "Hybrid coconut cultivation as a climate resilient practice in Odisha to serve as a safety net mechanism for farmers",
https://ccafs.cgiar.org/news/dwarf-hybrid-coconut-farming-climate-resilience-and-livelihood-security