114.108.219.23 (talk) →2022 Henley Passport Index: Put the real ranks in the left column. For example Germany is =4th because there are 3 ahead of it, not =3rd as previously shown Tags: Manual revert Visual edit |
Serendipity01 (talk | contribs) Added 2023 Rankings |
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==Rankings== |
==Rankings== |
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===2023 Henley Passport Index=== |
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As of 2023, a [[Japanese passport|Japanese]] passport offers its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 193 countries and territories, with [[South Korean passport|South Korean]] and [[Singapore passport]]s each offering 192 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders.<ref name="2022 ranking japan">{{cite news |last1=Whitley |first1=Angus |title=Europe once offered the world's most powerful passports. Not anymore |url=https://fortune.com/2022/07/20/worlds-most-powerful-passports-japan-south-korea-singapore-europe-us/ |access-date=28 August 2022 |work=Fortune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The World's Most Powerful Passports in 2022|website=OnlineVisa|url=https://www.onlinevisa.com/news/worlds-most-powerful-passports/}}</ref> An [[United States passport|American passport]] offers its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 186 countries and territories, with the [[British passport]] offering 187 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders. [[Canadian passport|Canadian]] and [[Australian passport]]s each offer their holders visa-free access to 185 countries and territories. |
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An [[Afghan passport]] has once again been labelled by the index as the least powerful passport in the world, with its nationals only able to visit 27 destinations visa-free.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/duncanmadden/2020/01/10/the-most-powerful-passports-in-the-world-in-2020/#5a6beb34c413|title=The Most Powerful Passports In The World In 2020|website=www.forbes.com|language=en|first=Duncan|last=Madden|date=10 January 2020|access-date=11 January 2020|archive-date=10 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110202812/https://www.forbes.com/sites/duncanmadden/2020/01/10/the-most-powerful-passports-in-the-world-in-2020/#5a6beb34c413|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
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!2022<br />rank<ref name="Henley2008-2020">{{Cite web|title=Henley Passport Index|url=https://www.henleyglobal.com/passport-index/ranking|access-date=2022-01-15|website=Henley Passport Index|language=en|archive-date=15 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115175144/https://www.henleyglobal.com/passport-index/ranking|url-status=live}}</ref>||Passport issuing country||Visa-free<br />destinations |
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|1 |
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Japan}} || [[Visa requirements for Japanese citizens|193]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 2 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Singapore}}|| [[Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens|192]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|South Korea}}|| [[Visa requirements for South Korean citizens|192]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 4 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Germany}}|| [[Visa requirements for German citizens|190]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Spain}}|| [[Visa requirements for Spanish citizens|190]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 6 || style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Finland}} || [[Visa requirements for Finnish citizens|189]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Italy}} || [[Visa requirements for Italian citizens|189]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Luxembourg}}|| [[Visa requirements for citizens of Luxembourg|189]] |
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| rowspan="4" | 9 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Austria}}|| [[Visa requirements for Austrian citizens|188]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Denmark}}|| [[Visa requirements for Danish citizens|188]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Netherlands}}|| [[Visa requirements for Dutch citizens|188]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Sweden}}|| [[Visa requirements for Swedish citizens|188]] |
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| rowspan="4" | 13 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|France}}|| [[Visa requirements for French citizens|187]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Ireland}}|| [[Visa requirements for Irish citizens|187]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Portugal}}|| [[Visa requirements for Portuguese citizens|187]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}|| [[Visa requirements for British citizens|187]] |
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| rowspan="6" | 17 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Belgium}}|| [[Visa requirements for Belgian citizens|186]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Czech Republic }}|| [[Visa requirements for Czech citizens|186]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|New Zealand}}|| [[Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens|186]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Norway}}|| [[Visa requirements for Norwegian citizens|186]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Switzerland}}|| [[Visa requirements for Swiss citizens|186]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|United States}}|| [[Visa requirements for United States citizens|186]] |
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| rowspan="4" | 23 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Australia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Australian citizens|185]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Canada}}|| [[Visa requirements for Canadian citizens|185]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Greece}}|| [[Visa requirements for Greek citizens|185]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Malta}}|| [[Visa requirements for Maltese citizens|185]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 27 || style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Hungary}} || [[Visa requirements for Hungarian citizens|184]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Poland}}|| [[Visa requirements for Polish citizens|184]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 29 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Lithuania}} || [[Visa requirements for Lithuanian citizens|183]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Slovakia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Slovak citizens|183]] |
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| rowspan= "2" | 31 || | style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Latvia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Latvian citizens|182]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Slovenia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Slovenian citizens|182]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 33 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Estonia}} || [[Visa requirements for Estonian citizens|181]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 34 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Iceland}}|| [[Visa requirements for Icelandic citizens|180]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 35 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Malaysian citizens|179]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 36 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Liechtenstein}}|| [[Visa requirements for Liechtenstein citizens|178]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|United Arab Emirates}}|| [[Visa requirements for Emirati citizens|178]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 38 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Cyprus}} || [[Visa requirements for Cypriot citizens|177]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 39 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Romania}}|| [[Visa requirements for Romanian citizens|175]] |
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| rowspan="4" | 40 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Chile}}|| [[Visa requirements for Chilean citizens|174]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Monaco}}|| [[Visa requirements for Monégasque citizens|174]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Croatia}} || [[Visa requirements for Croatian citizens|174]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Bulgaria}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bulgarian citizens|174]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 44 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Hong Kong}} || [[Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong|171]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 45 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Argentina}} || [[Visa requirements for Argentinian citizens|170]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Brazil}} || [[Visa requirements for Brazilian citizens|170]] |
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|47 |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|San Marino}} || [[Visa requirements for Sammarinese citizens|169]] |
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|48 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Andorra}}|| [[Visa requirements for Andorran citizens|168]] |
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| 49 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Brunei}} || [[Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens|166]] |
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| 50 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Barbados}} || [[Visa requirements for Barbadian citizens|163]] |
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| rowspan="2" |51|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Israel}} || [[Visa requirements for Israeli citizens|159]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Mexico}} || [[Visa requirements for Mexican citizens|159]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 53 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}|| [[Visa requirements for Saint Kitts and Nevis citizens|157]] |
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| 54 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Bahamas}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bahamian citizens|155]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 55 ||style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Vatican City }}|| [[Visa requirements for Vatican citizens|154]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 56 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Seychelles}}|| [[Visa requirements for Seychellois citizens|153]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Uruguay}}|| [[Visa requirements for Uruguayan citizens|153]] |
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| 58 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}|| [[Visa requirements for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines citizens|152]] |
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| rowspan="2" |59 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Antigua and Barbuda}}|| [[Visa requirements for Antigua and Barbuda citizens|151]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Trinidad and Tobago}}|| [[Visa requirements for Trinidad and Tobago citizens|151]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 61 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Costa Rica}}|| [[Visa requirements for Costa Rican citizens|150]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 62 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Saint Lucia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Saint Lucian citizens|147]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 63 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Grenada}}|| [[Visa requirements for Grenadian citizens|146]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Mauritius}}|| [[Visa requirements for Mauritian citizens|146]] |
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| rowspan="2 | 65 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Dominica}}|| [[Visa requirements for Dominica citizens|145]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Taiwan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Taiwanese citizens|145]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 67 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Macau}}|| [[Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Macau|144]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Ukraine}}|| [[Visa requirements for Ukrainian citizens|144]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Panama}}|| [[Visa requirements for Panamanian citizens|144]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 70 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Paraguay}}|| [[Visa requirements for Paraguayan citizens|142]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 71 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Peru}}|| [[Visa requirements for Peruvian citizens|136]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Serbia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Serbian citizens|136]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 73 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Colombia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Colombian citizens|133]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Guatemala}}|| [[Visa requirements for Guatemalan citizens|133]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Honduras}}|| [[Visa requirements for Honduran citizens|133]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 76 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|El Salvador}}|| [[Visa requirements for El Salvador citizens|132]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Samoa}}|| [[Visa requirements for Samoan citizens|132]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Solomon Islands}}|| [[Visa requirements for Solomon Islands citizens|132]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 79 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Tonga}}|| [[Visa requirements for Tongan citizens|130]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 80 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Venezuela}}|| [[Visa requirements for Venezuelan citizens|129]] |
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| rowspan="2" |81|| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Nicaragua}}|| [[Visa requirements for Nicaraguan citizens|128]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Tuvalu}}|| [[Visa requirements for Tuvaluan citizens|128]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 83 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|North Macedonia}}|| [[Visa requirements for citizens of North Macedonia|125]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 84 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Kiribati}}|| [[Visa requirements for Kiribati citizens|124]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Montenegro}}|| [[Visa requirements for Montenegrin citizens|124]] |
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| rowspan="1" |86 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Marshall Islands}}|| [[Visa requirements for Marshall Islands citizens|123]] |
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|87 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Moldova}}|| [[Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens|121]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 88 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Palau}}|| [[Visa requirements for Palauan citizens|120]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 89 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Russia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Russian citizens|118]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bosnia and Herzegovina citizens|118]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Micronesia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Micronesian citizens|118]] |
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| 92 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Georgia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Georgian citizens|116]] |
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| 93 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Albania}}|| [[Visa requirements for Albanian citizens|115]] |
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| 94 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Turkey}}|| [[Visa requirements for Turkish citizens|110]] |
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| 95 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|South Africa}}|| [[Visa requirements for South African citizens|106]] |
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| 96 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Belize}}|| [[Visa requirements for Belizean citizens|103]] |
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| 97 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Qatar}}|| [[Visa requirements for Qatari citizens|100]] |
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| 98 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Vanuatu}}|| [[Visa requirements for Vanuatuan citizens|98]] |
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| 99 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Kuwait}}|| [[Visa requirements for Kuwaiti citizens|97]] |
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| 100 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Timor-Leste}}|| [[Visa requirements for East Timorese citizens|94]] |
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| 101 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Ecuador}}|| [[Visa requirements for Ecuadorian citizens|92]] |
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| 102 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Nauru}}|| [[Visa requirements for Nauruan citizens|90]] |
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| rowspan="1" |103 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Maldives}}|| [[Visa requirements for Maldivian citizens|89]] |
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| rowspan="2" |104 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Fiji}}|| [[Visa requirements for Fijian citizens|88]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Guyana}}|| [[Visa requirements for Guyanese citizens|88]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 106 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Botswana}}|| [[Visa requirements for Botswana citizens|87]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Jamaica}}|| [[Visa requirements for Jamaican citizens|87]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Bahrain}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bahraini citizens|87]] |
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| 109 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Papua New Guinea}}|| [[Visa requirements for Papua New Guinean citizens|83]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 110 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Oman}}|| [[Visa requirements for Omani citizens|82]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Saudi citizens|82]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 112 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Bolivia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bolivian citizens|80]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|China}}|| [[Visa requirements for Chinese citizens|80]] |
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| 114 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Namibia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Namibian citizens|79]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 115 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Thailand}}|| [[Visa requirements for Thai citizens|78]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Belarus}}|| [[Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens|78]] |
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| rowspan="1" | 117 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Lesotho}}|| [[Visa requirements for Lesotho citizens|77]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 118 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Suriname}}|| [[Visa requirements for Surinamese citizens|76]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Kazakhstan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Kazakhstani citizens|76]] |
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| 120 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Eswatini}}|| [[Visa requirements for Swazi citizens|75]] |
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| 121 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Malawi}}|| [[Visa requirements for Malawian citizens|74]] |
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| 122 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Kenya}}|| [[Visa requirements for Kenyan citizens|73]] |
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| 123 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Tanzania}}|| [[Visa requirements for Tanzanian citizens|72]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 124 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Indonesia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Indonesian citizens|71]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Zambia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Zambian citizens|71]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 126 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Tunisia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Tunisian citizens|70]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Azerbaijan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Azerbaijani citizens|70]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Dominican Republic}}|| [[Visa requirements for Dominican Republic citizens|70]] |
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| 129 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|The Gambia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Gambian citizens|69]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 130 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Philippines}}|| [[Visa requirements for Philippine citizens|67]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Uganda}}|| [[Visa requirements for Ugandan citizens|67]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 132 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Armenia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Armenian citizens|66]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Cape Verde}}|| [[Visa requirements for Cape Verdean citizens|66]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Zimbabwe}}|| [[Visa requirements for Zimbabwean citizens|66]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 135 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Cuba}}|| [[Visa requirements for Cuban citizens|65]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Ghana}}|| [[Visa requirements for Ghanaian citizens|65]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Morocco}}|| [[Visa requirements for Moroccan citizens|65]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 138 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Kyrgyzstan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Kyrgyzstani citizens|64]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Sierra Leone}}|| [[Visa requirements for Sierra Leonean citizens|64]] |
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|rowspan="2" | 140 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Mozambique}}|| [[Visa requirements for Mozambican citizens|62]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Mongolia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Mongolian citizens|62]] |
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|rowspan="2" | 142 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Benin}}|| [[Visa requirements for Beninese citizens|61]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Rwanda}}|| [[Visa requirements for Rwandan citizens|61]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 144 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Tajikistan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Tajik citizens|60]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|STP}}|| [[Visa requirements for Santomean citizens|60]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 146 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|india}}|| [[Visa requirements for Indian citizens|59]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Mauritania}}|| [[Visa requirements for Mauritanian citizens|59]] |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Uzbekistan}} || [[Visa requirements for Uzbekistani citizens|59]] |
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| 149 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Burkina Faso}}|| [[Visa requirements for Burkinabe citizens|58]] |
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| rowspan="3" | 150 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Gabon}}|| [[Visa requirements for Gabonese citizens|57]] |
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|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Senegal}}|| [[Visa requirements for Senegalese citizens|57]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Ivory Coast}}|| [[Visa requirements for Ivorian citizens|57]] |
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|- |
|||
| rowspan="5" | 153 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Equatorial Guinea}}|| [[Visa requirements for Equatorial Guinean citizens|56]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Madagascar}}|| [[Visa requirements for Malagasy citizens|56]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Guinea}}|| [[Visa requirements for Guinean citizens|56]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Togo}}|| [[Visa requirements for Togolese citizens|55]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Vietnam}}|| [[Visa requirements for Vietnamese citizens|55]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 158 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Mali}}|| [[Visa requirements for Malian citizens|54]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Cambodia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Cambodian citizens|54]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="8" | 160 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Algeria}}|| [[Visa requirements for Algerian citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Bhutan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bhutanese citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Chad}}|| [[Visa requirements for Chadian citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Comoros}}|| [[Visa requirements for Comorian citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Egypt}}|| [[Visa requirements for Egyptian citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Jordan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Jordanian citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Niger}}|| [[Visa requirements for Nigerien citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Turkmenistan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Turkmen citizens|53]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 168 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Central African Republic}}|| [[Visa requirements for Central African Republic citizens|52]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Guinea-Bissau}}|| [[Visa requirements for Guinea-Bissauan citizens|52]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 170 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Angola}}|| [[Visa requirements for Angolan citizens|51]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Cameroon}}|| [[Visa requirements for Cameroonian citizens|51]] |
|||
|- |
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| rowspan="2" | 172 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Burundi}}|| [[Visa requirements for Burundian citizens|50]] |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Laos}}|| [[Visa requirements for Laotian citizens|50]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="3" | 174 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Liberia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Liberian citizens|49]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Republic of the Congo}}|| [[Visa requirements for Republic of the Congo citizens|49]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Haiti}}|| [[Visa requirements for Haitian citizens|49]] |
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|- |
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| 177 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Djibouti}}|| [[Visa requirements for Djiboutian citizens|48]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| 178 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Myanmar}}|| [[Visa requirements for Myanmar citizens|47]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 179 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Ethiopian citizens|46]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Nigeria}}|| [[Visa requirements for Nigerian citizens|46]] |
|||
|- |
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| rowspan="2" | 181 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Eritrea}}|| [[Visa requirements for Eritrean citizens|44]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|South Sudan}}|| [[Visa requirements for South Sudanese citizens|44]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| 183 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Iran}}|| [[Visa requirements for Iranian citizens|43]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="4" | 184 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}|| [[Visa requirements for Democratic Republic of the Congo citizens|42]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Lebanon}}|| [[Visa requirements for Lebanese citizens|42]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}|| [[Visa requirements for Sri Lankan citizens|42]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Sudan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Sudanese citizens|42]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="3" | 188 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}|| [[Visa requirements for Bangladeshi citizens|41]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Kosovo}}|| [[Visa requirements for Kosovan citizens|41]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Libya}}|| [[Visa requirements for Libyan citizens|41]] |
|||
|- |
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| 191 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|North Korea}}|| [[Visa requirements for North Korean citizens|40]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 192 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Nepal}}|| [[Visa requirements for Nepalese citizens|38]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Palestine}}|| [[Visa requirements for Palestinian citizens|38]] |
|||
|- |
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| 194 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Somalia}}|| [[Visa requirements for Somali citizens|35]] |
|||
|- |
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| 195 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Yemen}}|| [[Visa requirements for Yemeni citizens|34]] |
|||
|- |
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| 196 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Pakistan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Pakistani citizens|32]] |
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|- |
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| 197 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Syria}}|| [[Visa requirements for Syrian citizens|30]] |
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|- |
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| 198 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Iraq}}|| [[Visa requirements for Iraqi citizens|29]] |
|||
|- |
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| 199 || style="text-align:left;" |{{flagcountry|Afghanistan}}|| [[Visa requirements for Afghan citizens|27]] |
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|} |
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===2022 Henley Passport Index=== |
===2022 Henley Passport Index=== |
Revision as of 13:20, 12 January 2023
Type of site | Passport guidance |
---|---|
Available in | English, Chinese, French, Spanish, Turkish, Arabic and Russian |
Headquarters | London |
Country of origin | United Kingdom |
Owner | Henley & Partners |
URL | www |
Commercial | Yes |
Registration | None |
Launched | 2005 |
Current status | Online |
The Henley Passport Index (abbreviation: HPI) is a global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom enjoyed by the holders of that country's ordinary passport for its citizens.[1] It started in 2006 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index (HVRI)[2] and was modified and renamed in January 2018.[3][4]
The site provides annual ranking for 199 passports of the world according to the number of countries their holders can travel to visa-free.[5] The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free 'score'. In collaboration with the International Air Transport Association (IATA), and based on official data from their global database[6] Henley & Partners has analysed the visa regulations of the vast majority of the countries and territories in the world since 2006.[7]
Definition of the Index
The Henley Passport index (HPI) ranks passports according to how many destinations can be reached using a particular country's ordinary passport without requiring a prior visa ('visa-free').[8] The ranking includes a total of 199 passports in its survey, against 227 travel destinations in the world, which are countries, territories, and micro-states.[9][10]
All distinct destination countries and territories in the IATA database are considered. However, since not all territories issue passports, there are far fewer passports ranked than destinations against which queries are made.[11]
Methodology
To determine the score for each country or territory,[12] its passport is checked against the IATA database in several steps:
- Each of the 199 passports on the list, is checked against all 227 possible travel destinations for which travel restriction information exists in the IATA database. The score is updated throughout the year as conditions change.
- Each query must satisfy certain conditions:
- passport is issued in the country of nationality
- passport holder is an adult citizen of the country which issued the passport and a lone traveller, not part of a tourist group
- entry is sought for tourism or business
- the stay is a minimum of three days
- Further conditions include:
- queries are made only for holders of normal passports rather than diplomatic, service, emergency, or temporary passports and other travel documents are disregarded
- passport holders do not meet any complex requirements for entry (for example, possessing a government-issued letter, translations, or empty pages)
- passport holders have all necessary vaccinations and certificates;
- passport holders are arriving at and departing from the same airport
- passport holders are seeking a short stay rather than a transit
- the port of entry is a major city or capital, in cases where this is required
- requirements by the destination country or territory regarding a particular length of validity of passports are disregarded
- passport holders meet all basic requirements for entry (for example, holding a hotel reservation or having proof of sufficient funds or return tickets)
- advance passenger information and advance approval to board are not considered to be a visa requirement or travel restriction, neither is the requirement to pay airport tax
- If no visa is required for passport holders from a particular country or territory to enter the destination, then that passport scores 1. [The passport also scores 1 if a visa on arrival, a visitor's permit, or an electronic travel authority (ETA) can be obtained because they do not require pre-departure government approval, perhaps because of specific visa-waiver programs in place.]
- Where visas are needed, or where passport holders have to get government-approved electronic visas (e-Visas) before departure, a score of 0 is given. If passport holders must get government approval before leaving in order to obtain a visa on arrival, this also scores 0.
- The score for each particular passport is then totalled by adding up its scores for all destinations.[13]
It is assumed that the visa policies of Greenland and the Faroe Islands are identical to Denmark.
Rankings
2023 Henley Passport Index
As of 2023, a Japanese passport offers its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 193 countries and territories, with South Korean and Singapore passports each offering 192 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders.[14][15] An American passport offers its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 186 countries and territories, with the British passport offering 187 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders. Canadian and Australian passports each offer their holders visa-free access to 185 countries and territories.
An Afghan passport has once again been labelled by the index as the least powerful passport in the world, with its nationals only able to visit 27 destinations visa-free.[16]
2022 Henley Passport Index
As of 2022, a Japanese passport offers its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to a total of 193 countries and territories, with South Korean and Singapore passports each offering 192 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders.[14][18] An American passport offers its holders visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 186 countries and territories, with the British passport offering 187 visa-free or visa-on-arrival countries and territories to their holders. Canadian and Australian passports each offer their holders visa-free access to 185 countries and territories.
An Afghan passport has once again been labelled by the index as the least powerful passport in the world, with its nationals only able to visit 27 destinations visa-free.[19]
2006–2015
European countries are notable for their stability over the past decade, and Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, and Sweden all remain in exactly the same position as 10 years before. The 'Top 10s' were almost identical, with 30 countries in 2015, compared to 26 a decade before. While Liechtenstein dropped, the Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Malta, Slovakia, and South Korea all made it into the top 10.
Taiwan, Albania, the United Arab Emirates, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia all moved up more than 20 places in the Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index over the period, while the biggest drops were experienced by Guinea (−32), Liberia (−33), Sierra Leone (−35), and Bolivia (−37).
Older rankings
In the table below, the "access" columns denote the number of visa-free destinations for holders of that passport. Unless indicated otherwise, the data in this table is taken from these[17][20] sources.
Country | 2020 rank |
2020 access |
2019 rank |
2010 rank |
2006 rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Japan | 1 | 191 | 1 | 6 | 3 |
Singapore | 2 | 190 | 1 | 11 | 8 |
Germany | 3 | 189 | 2 | 5 | 2 |
South Korea | 3 | 189 | 2 | 13 | 11 |
Finland | 4 | 188 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
Italy | 4 | 188 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
Luxembourg | 4 | 188 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
Spain | 4 | 188 | 4 | 6 | 4 |
Austria | 5 | 187 | 5 | 8 | 6 |
Denmark | 5 | 187 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
France | 6 | 186 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
Ireland | 6 | 186 | 6 | 7 | 2 |
Netherlands | 6 | 186 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Portugal | 6 | 186 | 5 | 8 | 7 |
Sweden | 6 | 186 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
Belgium | 7 | 185 | 6 | 6 | 4 |
Switzerland | 7 | 185 | 6 | 10 | 4 |
Norway | 7 | 185 | 6 | 7 | 4 |
United Kingdom | 7 | 185 | 6 | 1 | 3 |
United States | 7 | 185 | 6 | 7 | 1 |
Czech Republic | 8 | 184 | 7 | 18 | 21 |
Greece | 8 | 184 | 6 | 12 | 9 |
Malta | 8 | 184 | 7 | 15 | 11 |
New Zealand | 8 | 184 | 8 | 9 | 6 |
Australia | 9 | 183 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Canada | 9 | 183 | 6 | 9 | 6 |
Hungary | 10 | 182 | 10 | 18 | 19 |
Lithuania | 11 | 181 | 9 | 19 | 24 |
Poland | 11 | 181 | 13 | 16 | 16 |
Slovakia | 11 | 181 | 9 | 17 | 22 |
Iceland | 12 | 180 | 10 | 13 | 9 |
Latvia | 12 | 180 | 10 | 20 | 26 |
Slovenia | 12 | 180 | 10 | 17 | 17 |
Estonia | 13 | 179 | 11 | 19 | 26 |
Liechtenstein | 14 | 178 | 12 | 14 | 10 |
Malaysia | 14 | 178 | 12 | 13 | 9 |
Monaco | 15 | 175 | 14 | 21 | 15 |
Chile | 16 | 174 | 13 | 27 | 14 |
Cyprus | 16 | 174 | 14 | 18 | 12 |
Romania | 17 | 172 | 16 | 22 | 34 |
Bulgaria | 18 | 171 | 17 | 25 | 29 |
Argentina | 19 | 170 | 17 | 26 | 19 |
Brazil | 19 | 170 | 17 | 28 | 20 |
Croatia | 19 | 170 | 18 | 35 | 28 |
Hong Kong | 19 | 170 | 18 | 19 | 13 |
United Arab Emirates | 19 | 170 | 15 | 65 | 62 |
San Marino | 20 | 168 | 19 | 23 | 14 |
Andorra | 21 | 167 | 20 | 27 | 20 |
Brunei | 22 | 166 | 21 | 24 | 19 |
Barbados | 23 | 161 | 22 | 29 | 35 |
Israel | 24 | 160 | 22 | 25 | 18 |
Mexico | 25 | 159 | 23 | 32 | 21 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 26 | 156 | 24 | 31 | 40 |
Bahamas | 27 | 155 | 24 | 30 | 35 |
Uruguay | 28 | 153 | 25 | 34 | 20 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 29 | 151 | 28 | 33 | 39 |
Seychelles | 29 | 151 | 26 | 39 | 46 |
Costa Rica | 30 | 150 | 27 | 37 | 23 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 30 | 150 | 29 | 45 | 36 |
Vatican City | 31 | 149 | 29 | 39 | |
Mauritius | 32 | 148 | 30 | 40 | 46 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 32 | 148 | 31 | 47 | 38 |
Saint Lucia | 33 | 146 | 31 | 46 | 39 |
Taiwan | 33 | 146 | 31 | 69 | 55 |
Macau | 34 | 144 | 33 | 44 | 35 |
Grenada | 35 | 143 | 32 | 49 | 41 |
Paraguay | 36 | 142 | 32 | 39 | 30 |
Panama | 37 | 141 | 34 | 41 | 30 |
Dominica | 38 | 140 | 35 | 51 | 46 |
Peru | 39 | 135 | 36 | 58 | 56 |
El Salvador | 40 | 134 | 37 | 42 | 31 |
Honduras | 40 | 134 | 37 | 42 | 32 |
Serbia | 40 | 134 | 39 | 47 | 64 |
Guatemala | 41 | 133 | 38 | 42 | 30 |
Samoa | 42 | 131 | 39 | 53 | 49 |
Solomon Islands | 42 | 131 | 40 | 52 | 44 |
Vanuatu | 43 | 130 | 40 | 55 | 51 |
Nicaragua | 44 | 129 | 41 | 43 | 33 |
Ukraine | 44 | 129 | 43 | 65 | 64 |
Venezuela | 44 | 129 | 38 | 36 | 25 |
Colombia | 45 | 127 | 43 | 73 | 64 |
Tuvalu | 45 | 127 | 42 | 54 | 48 |
Tonga | 46 | 125 | 44 | 57 | 52 |
Montenegro | 47 | 124 | 46 | 48 | |
North Macedonia | 47 | 124 | 45 | 46 | |
Kiribati | 48 | 122 | 46 | 56 | 49 |
Marshall Islands | 48 | 122 | 46 | 66 | 61 |
Moldova | 49 | 120 | 47 | 66 | |
Palau | 50 | 119 | 47 | 70 | |
Micronesia | 51 | 118 | 47 | 69 | |
Russia | 51 | 118 | 48 | 49 | 62 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 52 | 117 | 49 | 74 | 71 |
Georgia | 53 | 116 | 50 | 72 | 68 |
Albania | 54 | 114 | 51 | 78 | 79 |
Turkey | 55 | 111 | 52 | 46 | 46 |
Belize | 56 | 101 | 54 | 50 | 42 |
South Africa | 56 | 101 | 53 | 47 | 37 |
Kuwait | 57 | 95 | 56 | 58 | 58 |
Qatar | 57 | 95 | 57 | 63 | 60 |
East Timor | 57 | 95 | 55 | 85 | |
Ecuador | 58 | 91 | 58 | 64 | 56 |
Nauru | 59 | 89 | 60 | 56 | 54 |
Fiji | 60 | 88 | 59 | 57 | 51 |
Guyana | 60 | 88 | 60 | 57 | 45 |
Jamaica | 61 | 86 | 61 | 56 | 45 |
Botswana | 62 | 85 | 62 | 60 | 50 |
Maldives | 62 | 85 | 61 | 56 | 52 |
Papua New Guinea | 63 | 84 | 62 | 59 | 56 |
Bahrain | 64 | 82 | 63 | 62 | 59 |
Oman | 65 | 79 | 64 | 68 | 61 |
Bolivia | 66 | 78 | 65 | 67 | 29 |
Suriname | 66 | 78 | 65 | 66 | 57 |
Thailand | 66 | 78 | 66 | 69 | 67 |
Namibia | 67 | 77 | 67 | 62 | 56 |
Saudi Arabia | 67 | 77 | 69 | 71 | 65 |
Kazakhstan | 68 | 76 | 68 | 73 | 68 |
Belarus | 69 | 75 | 67 | 72 | 64 |
Lesotho | 69 | 75 | 69 | 64 | 47 |
China | 70 | 74 | 72 | 88 | 78 |
Eswatini | 70 | 74 | 70 | 65 | 52 |
Malawi | 71 | 73 | 71 | 64 | 50 |
Kenya | 72 | 72 | 72 | 64 | 52 |
Indonesia | 73 | 71 | 73 | 84 | 67 |
Tanzania | 73 | 71 | 75 | 68 | 56 |
Zambia | 73 | 71 | 73 | 65 | 53 |
Tunisia | 74 | 69 | 75 | 67 | 59 |
Gambia | 75 | 68 | 74 | 61 | 45 |
Azerbaijan | 76 | 67 | 76 | 76 | 68 |
Philippines | 76 | 67 | 77 | 73 | 63 |
Uganda | 76 | 67 | 76 | 70 | 58 |
Cape Verde | 77 | 66 | 76 | 73 | |
Dominican Republic | 78 | 65 | 78 | 77 | 71 |
Ghana | 78 | 65 | 77 | 67 | 53 |
Zimbabwe | 78 | 65 | 78 | 70 | 56 |
Cuba | 79 | 64 | 77 | 78 | 69 |
Morocco | 79 | 64 | 80 | 76 | 66 |
Armenia | 80 | 63 | 81 | 76 | 69 |
Kyrgyzstan | 80 | 63 | 80 | 74 | 68 |
Sierra Leone | 80 | 63 | 79 | 64 | 51 |
Benin | 81 | 62 | 80 | 73 | 61 |
Mozambique | 81 | 62 | 81 | 82 | 74 |
Mongolia | 81 | 62 | 80 | 82 | 72 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 82 | 61 | 81 | 83 | 74 |
Rwanda | 83 | 60 | 84 | 87 | 73 |
Burkina Faso | 84 | 59 | 83 | 76 | 62 |
Mauritania | 84 | 59 | 83 | 40 | 58 |
India | 85 | 58 | 82 | 77 | 71 |
Tajikistan | 85 | 58 | 84 | 77 | 69 |
Gabon | 86 | 57 | 85 | 85 | 72 |
Ivory Coast | 86 | 57 | 84 | 72 | |
Uzbekistan | 86 | 57 | 85 | 80 | 72 |
Senegal | 87 | 56 | 86 | 76 | 60 |
Equatorial Guinea | 88 | 55 | 89 | 89 | 76 |
Guinea | 88 | 55 | 85 | 75 | 60 |
Madagascar | 88 | 55 | 87 | 83 | 71 |
Togo | 88 | 55 | 86 | 76 | 62 |
Cambodia | 89 | 54 | 88 | 87 | 79 |
Mali | 89 | 54 | 87 | 75 | 59 |
Niger | 89 | 54 | 87 | 76 | 60 |
Vietnam | 89 | 54 | 90 | 84 | 78 |
Bhutan | 90 | 53 | 89 | 83 | 77 |
Chad | 90 | 53 | 88 | 82 | |
Comoros | 90 | 53 | 88 | 89 | |
Guinea-Bissau | 90 | 53 | 87 | 79 | 63 |
Turkmenistan | 90 | 53 | 90 | 86 | 77 |
Central African Republic | 91 | 52 | 90 | 81 | 68 |
Algeria | 92 | 51 | 91 | 79 | 73 |
Jordan | 92 | 51 | 92 | 97 | 75 |
Angola | 93 | 50 | 92 | 92 | 77 |
Burundi | 93 | 50 | 93 | 89 | 78 |
Egypt | 93 | 50 | 92 | 84 | |
Laos | 93 | 50 | 92 | 85 | 76 |
Cameroon | 94 | 49 | 92 | 85 | 70 |
Haiti | 94 | 49 | 92 | 85 | 74 |
Liberia | 94 | 49 | 93 | 82 | 65 |
Congo | 95 | 48 | 94 | 85 | 69 |
Djibouti | 96 | 47 | 95 | 91 | 77 |
Myanmar | 96 | 47 | 95 | 92 | 81 |
Nigeria | 97 | 46 | 95 | 76 | 62 |
Ethiopia | 98 | 44 | 97 | 92 | 78 |
South Sudan | 99 | 43 | 97 | ||
DR Congo | 100 | 42 | 97 | 90 | |
Eritrea | 100 | 42 | 99 | 93 | 76 |
Sri Lanka | 100 | 42 | 96 | 84 | 74 |
Bangladesh | 101 | 41 | 99 | 85 | 68 |
Iran | 101 | 41 | 99 | 92 | 82 |
Kosovo | 102 | 40 | 98 | 89 | |
Lebanon | 102 | 40 | 100 | 94 | 79 |
Sudan | 102 | 40 | 102 | 96 | 79 |
North Korea | 103 | 39 | 100 | 90 | 78 |
Libya | 104 | 38 | 100 | 87 | 77 |
Nepal | 104 | 38 | 101 | 88 | 76 |
Palestine | 104 | 38 | 102 | 97 | |
Somalia | 105 | 33 | 104 | 95 | 81 |
Yemen | 105 | 33 | 103 | 88 | 78 |
Pakistan | 106 | 32 | 104 | 90 | 79 |
Syria | 107 | 29 | 105 | 87 | 80 |
Iraq | 108 | 28 | 106 | 97 | 81 |
Afghanistan | 109 | 26 | 107 | 98 | 83 |
See also
References
- ^ Smith, Oliver (29 February 2016). "The world's most powerful passports". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- ^ "Visa Restriction Index 2006 to 2016 2018". visaindex.com. Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
- ^ Andrejevic, Mark and Volcic, Zala (2016). Commercial Nationalism: Selling the Nation and Nationalizing the Sell. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. ISBN 9781137500984
- ^ "Rights of Passage — Henley Passport Index 2018". Henley & Partners Passport Index. Henley & Partners Holdings Ltd. 3 April 2018. Archived from the original on 24 April 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
...what are the political factors governing the strength of your passport? Perhaps more importantly, if your passport is not serving you, what can you do to enhance it? The 2018 Henley Passport Index was designed with these questions in mind. Launched 9 January, and replacing the Henley Visa Restrictions Index, the Henley Passport Index provides a ranking
- ^ Neammanee, Pocharapon. "The most powerful passports in the world in 2022, ranked". Insider Inc. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
- ^ Abrahamian, Atossa Araxia (2015). The Cosmopolites: The Coming of the Global Citizen, pp. 70–93. Colombia Global Reports, New York. ISBN 9780990976363
- ^ "The Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index 2016" (PDF). henleyglobal.com. Henley & Partners. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ^ Gleeson, Colin. "Irish passport ranked joint sixth most powerful globally". The Irish Times. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
- ^ "How powerful is the Indian passport? Check out Henley Index ranking". Zee Business. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
- ^ McDonagh, Shannon (31 January 2022). "These are the world's most powerful passports in 2022". Euronews. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
- ^ Kalin, Christian H. (2015). Global Residence and Citizenship Handbook (5 ed.). Ideos Publications. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-3-9524052-7-7.
- ^ Kalin, Christian H. (2015). Global Residence and Citizenship Handbook (5 ed.). Ideos Publications. pp. 148–149. ISBN 978-3-9524052-7-7.
- ^ "Henley Passport Index 2006 to 2018". Henley & Partners Passport Index. Henley & Partners Holdings Ltd. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
The index and its contents are based on data provided by the International Air Transport Authority (IATA) and supplemented, enhanced, and updated using extensive in-house research and open-source online data.
- ^ a b Whitley, Angus. "Europe once offered the world's most powerful passports. Not anymore". Fortune. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
- ^ "The World's Most Powerful Passports in 2022". OnlineVisa.
- ^ Madden, Duncan (10 January 2020). "The Most Powerful Passports In The World In 2020". www.forbes.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ a b c "Henley Passport Index". Henley Passport Index. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
- ^ "The World's Most Powerful Passports in 2022". OnlineVisa.
- ^ Madden, Duncan (10 January 2020). "The Most Powerful Passports In The World In 2020". www.forbes.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ "Henley Passport Global Ranking". Henley Passport Index. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
Further reading
- Bai, Jianyin; Chen, Yin; Long, Yong (2021). "The structural equivalence of tourism cooperative network in the Belt and Road Initiative Area". Environmental Research. 197: 111043. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111043.
- Bagchi, Pushpi (2021). "The Politics of a Passport to Design Practice". Perspectives on Design and Digital Communication II: Research, Innovations and Best Practices. Springer International Publishing. pp. 273–287. ISBN 978-3-030-75867-7.
- Boatcă, Manuela (2021). "Unequal institutions in the longue durée: citizenship through a Southern lens". Third World Quarterly. 42 (9): 1982–2000. doi:10.1080/01436597.2021.1923398.
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