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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)platinum(0)
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Other names
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphane)platinum(0)
TPP platinum(0) | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.610 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C72H60P4Pt | |
Molar mass | 1244.251 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | yellow crystals |
Melting point | 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K) |
Insoluble | |
Structure | |
four triphenylphosphine unidentate ligands attached to a central Pt(0) atom in a tetrahedral geometry | |
tetrahedral | |
0 D | |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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PPh3 is an irritant |
GHS labelling:[1] | |
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Warning | |
H302 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS |
Related compounds | |
Related complexes
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Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(0) tris(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) |
Related compounds
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triphenylphosphine |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum(0) is the chemical compound with the formula Pt(P(C6H5)3)4, often abbreviated Pt(PPh3)4. The bright yellow compound is used as a precursor to other platinum complexes.[2][3]
Structure and behavior
[edit]The molecule is tetrahedral, with point group symmetry of Td, as expected for a four-coordinate metal complex of a metal with the d10 configuration.[4] Even though this complex follows the 18 electron rule, it dissociates triphenylphosphine in solution to give the 16e− derivative containing only three PPh3 ligands:
- Pt(PPh3)4 → Pt(PPh3)3 + PPh3
Synthesis and reactions
[edit]The complex is typically prepared in one-pot reaction from potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II). Reduction of this platinum(II) species with alkaline ethanol in the presence of excess triphenylphosphine affords the product as a precipitate. The reaction occurs in two distinct steps. In the first step, PtCl2(PPh3)2 is generated. In the second step, this platinum(II) complex is reduced. The overall synthesis can be summarized as:
- K2[PtCl4] + 2KOH + 4PPh3 + C2H5OH → Pt(PPh3)4 + 4KCl + CH3CHO + 2H2O
Pt(PPh3)4 reacts with oxidants to give platinum(II) derivatives:
- Pt(PPh3)4 + Cl2 → cis-PtCl2(PPh3)2 + 2 PPh3
Mineral acids give the corresponding hydride complexes:
- Pt(PPh3)4 + HCl → trans-PtCl(H)(PPh3)2 + 2 PPh3
The reaction with oxygen affords a dioxygen complex:
- Pt(PPh3)4 + O2 → Pt(η2-O2)(PPh3)2 + 2 PPh3
This complex is a precursor to the ethylene complex
- Pt(η2-O2)(PPh3)2 + C2H4 → Pt(η2-C2H4)(PPh3)2 + "NaBH2(OH)2"
References
[edit]- ^ "C&L Inventory". echa.europa.eu.
- ^ Ugo, R.; Cariati, F.; La Monica, G. (1990). "Tris- and Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine)-Platinum(0)". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 28. pp. 123–126. doi:10.1002/9780470132593.ch33. ISBN 9780470132593.
- ^ Safety Data Sheet http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/english/10549.pdf
- ^ Miessler, Gary L., and Donald A. Tarr. Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.