PASOK – Movement for Change ΠΑΣΟΚ – Κίνημα Αλλαγής | |
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Abbreviation | PASOK-KINAL |
President | Nikos Androulakis |
Secretary | Andreas Spiropoulos |
Founder | Fofi Gennimata |
Founded | 28 November 2017 (launch) 16–18 March 2018 (foundation) 9 May 2022 (Renaming as PASOK – Movement for Change) |
Preceded by | Democratic Alignment |
Youth wing | New Generation of Change Movement[1] |
Ideology | Social democracy[2] |
Political position | Centre-left[3] |
European affiliation | Party of European Socialists |
European Parliament group | Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats |
International affiliation | Socialist International Progressive Alliance |
Affiliate parties | PASOK KIDISO EDEM ΚΠΣ |
Former member parties | The River (2017–2018) DIMAR (2017–2019) |
Parliament | 31 / 300 |
European Parliament | 3 / 21 |
Regional governors | 2 / 13 |
Regional councillors | 114 / 611 |
Mayors | 19 / 332 |
Website | |
kinimaallagis | |
The PASOK – Movement for Change (PASOK-KINAL; Greek: ΠΑΣΟΚ – Κίνημα Αλλαγής, romanized: PASOK – Kínima Allagís, abbr. ΚΙΝΑΛ)[4] is a political alliance in Greece, which was founded in March 2018, initially as "Movement for Change" (Kínima Allagís), mainly affiliated with the centre-left of the political spectrum. It includes the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO).
History
[edit]In July 2017, PASOK leader Fofi Gennimata announced the formation of a new unified centre-left party in Greece before the end of the year.[5] In the summer of 2017, Stavros Theodorakis, leader and founder of The River also decided to participate in the creation of the alliance. After the leadership election, both PASOK–DIMAR and The River planned to continue with separate parliamentary groups until the new alliance's founding congress, scheduled for spring 2018.[6][7] On 12 November 2017, the first round of leadership elections was held to select the new party's founding leader. Nine initial leadership candidates included Gennimata, Theodorakis, Athens mayor Giorgos Kaminis, PASOK MEP Nikos Androulakis, EDEM party leader Apostolos Pontas, academic Constantinos Gatsios, former PASOK ministers Yiannis Maniatis and Yiannis Ragousis, and Dimitris Tziotis.[8][9] The candidates reaching the second-round election were Gennimata, with 44.5% of the vote, and Androulakis, with 25.4%.[10][11] The run-off on 19 November was won by Gennimata, who garnered 56% of the vote.[12][13] On 28 November 2017, “Movement for Change” (Kinima Allagis) was announced as the preliminary name of the alliance.[14][15] On 2 December 2017, the party's six-member ruling council was announced, being composed of Gennimata, Theodorakis, Androulakis, Kaminis, DIMAR leader Thanasis Theocharopoulos and former PASOK Prime Minister George Papandreou.[16]
The alliance held its founding congress on 16–18 March in Athens. During the congress, the new logo was unveiled and the alliance's charter and policy program was approved by the overwhelming majority of members.[17][18]
On 2 July 2018, The River left KINAL.[19] On 20 January 2019, DIMAR also left KINAL due to its position of supporting the Prespa agreement.[20] On 1 June 2019 former PASOK leader Evangelos Venizelos left KINAL, accusing Gennimata of turning the Movement into "SYRIZA's tail".[21]
KINAL increased its obtained seats in the 2019 Greek legislative election compared to Democratic Alignment, becoming Greece's third-largest party and securing 22 seats in the Hellenic Parliament.[22] Following the election, KINAL positioned itself into opposition to the new Mitsotakis Government.[23]
Gennimata died on 25 October 2021 at the Evangelismos Hospital in Athens from cancer.[24]
Elections for the new leader took place in December 2021, with the main candidates being Andreas Loverdos, Nikos Androulakis, and George Papandreou. Nikos Androulakis was elected to lead the KINAL and PASOK on 12 December 2021.[25]
On 1 April 2022, Androulakis announced an internal referendum to be held on 8 May.[26] The referendum was held to decide whether to rename the alliance to "PASOK – Movement of Change" and also to change the emblem.[27] The proposal to change the emblem and name was accepted with a percentage of 95%.[28] The new emblem was unveiled two weeks later, with the traditional green sun having changed hue in a gradient from dark to lighter from left to right.[29][30][31]
In the 2024 EU election the party improved its showing, but remained stagnant from legislative elections and failed to fulfill its goal of reasserting itself as the official opposition. This triggered a crisis within the party, with the credibility of Nikos Androulakis’s leadership being called into question. Some in the party also floated the possibility of an alliance with Syriza in advance of the 2027 legislative elections, including Syriza MP Nikos Pappas and Athens’s PASOK mayor Haris Doukas.
Composition
[edit]The alliance is composed of the following parties:
Party | Ideology | Leader | ||
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Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) | Social democracy | Nikos Androulakis | |
Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO) | Social democracy | Giorgos Papandreou | ||
Union for Democratic Reform (EDEM) | Social liberalism | Apostolos Pontas | ||
Citizens' Movements for Social Democracy | Social democracy | Mihalis Halaris |
Until 2019, the alliance also included the following parties:
Party | Ideology | Leader | ||
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The River (To Potami) | Social liberalism | Stavros Theodorakis | ||
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Democratic Left (DIMAR) | Democratic socialism | Thanasis Theocharopoulos |
Election results
[edit]Hellenic Parliament
[edit]Election | Hellenic Parliament | Rank | Government | Leader | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ±pp | Seats won | +/− | ||||
2019 | 457,519 | 8.10% | New | 22 / 300
|
New | #3 | Opposition | Fofi Gennimata |
May 2023 | 676,166 | 11.46% | +3.36 | 41 / 300
|
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#3 | Snap election | Nikos Androulakis |
Jun 2023 | 617,315 | 11.85% | +0.39 | 32 / 300
|
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#3 | Opposition |
European Parliament
[edit]European Parliament | |||||||
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Election | Votes | % | ±pp | Seats won | +/− | Rank | Leader |
2019 | 436,735 | 7.7% | ![]() |
2 / 21
|
±0 | #3 | Fofi Gennimata |
2024 | 508,399 | 12.8% | ![]() |
3 / 21
|
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#3 | Nikos Androulakis |
References
[edit]- ^ "Κίνημα Μαθητών, μία νέα αρχή". 9 August 2019.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Greece". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ Kostas Tasoulas secures wide MP support as new House president. Kathimerini.
- ^ "ΚΙΝΑΛ: Αποστάσεις από ΣΥΡΙΖΑ και Ν.Δ. με το βλέμμα στα γκάλοπ". Kathimerini.
- ^ "New Center-Left Party to Be Formed by December in Greece". Greece.greekreporter.com. July 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Theodorakis outlines road map for new center-left party". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Center-left candidate shoots barbs after televised debate". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Polls Opened in Greece for Leader of New Centre-Left Party". Greece.greekreporter.com. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Center-left candidates brace for Sunday's leadership vote | News | ekathimerini.com". Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
- ^ "Fofi Gennimata Closes in on Leadership of New Centre-Left Party in Greece". Greece.greekreporter.com. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Gennimata, Androulakis head for center-left leader poll runoff". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "New Center-Left Coalition Party Elects PASOK Leader Fofi Gennimata". Greece.greekreporter.com. 20 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Gennimata elected leader of the center-left party to be created". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Name of center-left grouping to be Movement for Change". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ Ioannou, Theo (28 November 2017). "Movement of Change: Greek Centre-Left Coalition Unveils Name". Greekreporter.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Center-left reveals members of top decision-making body". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "New center left party wraps up inaugural conference unveils new logo". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
- ^ balkaneu.com
- ^ "Αποχώρηση από το Ποτάμι μετά το διαζύγιο με το ΚΙΝΑΛ". Kathimerini.
- ^ "Συμφωνία των Πρεσπών". CNN Greece.
- ^ "Venizelos quits socialist KINAL | Kathimerini". www.ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
- ^ "Nationwide | National elections – July 2019". ekloges.ypes.gr. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ "Gennimata: KINAL will mount responsible, policy-based opposition". Athens-Macedonian News Agency. 7 July 2019.
- ^ "Greek Socialist leader Gennimata dies after long illness". Kathimerini. 25 October 2021.
- ^ Nikos Androulakis Elected New Leader of Greece’s Center-Left
- ^ "Επίσημο: Ο Ανδρουλάκης μετονομάζει το ΚΙΝΑΛ - Εσωκομματικό δημοψήφισμα 8 Μαΐου, ποιο είναι το πιο πιθανό όνομα". iefimerida.gr. 1 April 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
- ^ "Εκλογές ΚΙΝΑΛ: Αυτό είναι το ψηφοδέλτιο για την αλλαγή ονόματος". newsit.gr. 6 May 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
- ^ "Εκλογές ΠΑΣΟΚ: 179.005 πολίτες ψήφισαν για την αλλαγή ονόματος – Το 95% επέλεξε ΠΑΣΟΚ-ΚΙΝΑΛ". Newsbomb.gr. 9 May 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
- ^ "ΠΑΣΟΚ-Κίνημα Αλλαγής: Αυτό είναι το νέο λογότυπο". Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ. 24 May 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
- ^ "PASOK, the return: Over 170K KINAL members vote for name change". Keep Talking Greece. 9 May 2022.
- ^ "PASOK returns to the green sun". Kathimerini. 24 May 2022.