Ambassador of the United States of America to Spain | |
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Embajadora de los Estados Unidos de America en España | |
![]() Seal of the United States Department of State | |
since February 2, 2022 | |
Nominator | The President of the United States |
Appointer | The President with Senate advice and consent |
Inaugural holder | John Jay as Minister Plenipotentiary |
Formation | September 29, 1779 |
Website | U.S. Embassy - Madrid |
The incumbent ambassador is Julissa Reynoso Pantaleón, she was sworn in by Vice President Kamala Harris on January 7, 2022, and presented her credentials on February 2, 2022.
This is a list of United States ambassadors to Spain from 1779 to the present day. The ambassador to Spain is also credentialed to Andorra.
Chiefs of Mission
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U.S. diplomatic terms |
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Career FSO After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time. Political appointee A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president (often as a reward to political friends). Appointed The date that the ambassador took the oath of office; also known as "commissioning". It follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a Congressional recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador requires subsequent confirmation by the Senate to remain in office. Presented credentials The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador's arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador's letter, but this occurs only rarely. Terminated mission Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador's commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy. Chargé d'affaires The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. Ad interim Latin phrase meaning "for the time being", "in the meantime". |
Denotes Chargé d’Affaires ad interim
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Name | Image | Type of Appointee | Title | Appointment | Presentation of credentials | Termination of mission | President(s) |
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William Carmichael | ![]() |
Chargé d'Affaires | Apr 20, 1790 | No report has been found concerning Carmichael's presentation of credentials as Chargé d'Affaires en titre; he had already been received as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim, May 20, 1782. | Presented recall Sep 5, 1794 | George Washington (Unaffiliated) | |
William Short | ![]() |
Minister Resident | May 28, 1794 | Sep 7, 1794 | Left post, Nov 1, 1795 | ||
David Humphreys | ![]() |
Minister Plenipotentiary | May 20, 1796 | Sep 10, 1797 | Probably presented recall soon after December 28, 1801 | John Adams (Federalist) | |
Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) | |||||||
Charles Pinckney | ![]() |
Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 6, 1801[1] | January–March 1802 | Presented recall, Oct 25, 1804 | ||
George W. Erving | Chargé d'Affaires ad interim | Oct 1805 | Feb 1810 | ||||
James Madison (Democratic-Republican) | |||||||
Minister Plenipotentiary | Aug 10, 1814[2] | Aug 24, 1816 | Left post, May 15, 1819 | ||||
James Monroe (Democratic-Republican) | |||||||
John Forsyth | ![]() |
Minister Plenipotentiary | Feb 16, 1819 | May 18, 1819 | Had farewell audience, Mar 2, 1823 | ||
Hugh Nelson | ![]() |
Minister Plenipotentiary | Jan 15, 1823 | Dec 4, 1823 | Presented recall Jul 10, 1825 | ||
John Quincy Adams (Democratic-Republican) | |||||||
Alexander Hill Everett | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Mar 9, 1825 | Sep 4, 1825 | Left post Aug 1, 1829 | ||
Andrew Jackson (Democratic) | |||||||
Cornelius P. Van Ness | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 1, 1829[3] | Dec 9, 1829 | Presented recall, Dec 21, 1836 | ||
John H. Eaton | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Mar 16, 1836 | No report has been found of Eaton's presentation of credentials, which probably took place about February 1, 1837 | Left post, May 1, 1840 | ||
Martin Van Buren (Democratic) | |||||||
Aaron Vail | Chargé d'Affaires | May 20, 1840 | Nov 5, 1840 | Superseded, Aug 1, 1842 | |||
William Henry Harrison (Whig) | |||||||
John Tyler (Whig/Unaffiliated) | |||||||
Washington Irving | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Feb 10, 1842 | Aug 1, 1842 | Presented recall, Jul 29, 1846 | ||
James K. Polk (Democratic) | |||||||
Romulus M. Saunders | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Feb 25, 1846 | Jul 31, 1846 | Presented recall, Sep 24, 1849 | ||
Zachary Taylor (Whig) | |||||||
Daniel M. Barringer | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 18, 1849[4] | October 24, 1849 | Presented recall Sep 4, 1853 | ||
Millard Fillmore (Whig) | |||||||
Franklin Pierce (Democratic) | |||||||
Pierre Soule | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Apr 7, 1853 | Oct 24, 1853 | Presented recall, Feb 1, 1855 | ||
Angus C. Dodge | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Feb 9, 1855 | Jun 17, 1855 | Presented recall, Mar 12, 1859 | ||
James Buchanan (Democratic) | |||||||
William Preston | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Dec 15, 1858 | Mar 12, 1859 | Presented recall, May 24, 1861 | ||
Abraham Lincoln (Republican) | |||||||
Carl Schurz | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Mar 28, 1861 | Jul 13, 1861 | Left post, Dec 18, 1861 | ||
Gustavus Koerner | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 14, 1862 | Nov 4, 1862 | Left post, Jul 20, 1864 | ||
John P. Hale | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Mar 10, 1865 | Sep 30, 1865 | Presented recall, Jul 29, 1869 | Andrew Johnson (National Union/Democratic) | |
Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) | |||||||
Daniel E. Sickles | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | May 15, 1869[5] | July 29, 1869 | Presented new credentials on Feb 2, 1871, after change of government; transmitted recall by note Jan 31, 1874 | ||
Caleb Cushing | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jan 6, 1874 | May 30, 1874 | Presented new credentials on Mar 10, 1875, after restoration of monarchy; left post, Apr 9, 1877 | ||
Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) | |||||||
James Russell Lowell | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 11, 1877[6] | Aug 18, 1877 | Presented recall, Mar 2, 1880 | ||
Lucius Fairchild | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jan 26, 1880 | Mar 31, 1880 | Presented recall, Dec 20, 1881 | ||
James A. Garfield (Republican) | |||||||
Chester A. Arthur (Republican) | |||||||
Hannibal Hamlin | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 30, 1881[7] | Dec 20, 1881 | Left post, Oct 17, 1882 | ||
John W. Foster | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Feb 27, 1883 | Jun 16, 1883 | Presented recall, Aug 28, 1885 | ||
Grover Cleveland (Democratic) | |||||||
Jabez L.M. Curry | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Oct 7, 1885[8] | Dec 22, 1885 | Left post, Jul 5, 1888 | ||
Perry Belmont | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Nov 17, 1888[9] | Feb 13, 1889 | Left post, May 1, 1889 | ||
Benjamin Harrison (Republican) | |||||||
Thomas W. Palmer | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Mar 12, 1889 | Jun 17, 1889 | Left post, Apr 19, 1890 | ||
E. Burd Grubb | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Sep 27, 1890 | Dec 23, 1890 | Left post, May 26, 1892 | ||
A. Loudon Snowden | Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jul 22, 1892 | Oct 6, 1892 | Presented recall, Jun 3, 1893 | |||
Grover Cleveland (Democratic) | |||||||
Hannis Taylor | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Apr 8, 1893 | Jul 1, 1893 | Presented recall, Sep 13, 1897 | ||
William McKinley (Republican) | |||||||
Stewart L. Woodford | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jun 19, 1897 | Sep 13, 1897 | Spain severed diplomatic relations with the U.S., Apr 21, 1898[10] | ||
Bellamy Storer | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Apr 12, 1899[11] | Jun 16, 1899 | Presented recall, Dec 10, 1902 | ||
Theodore Roosevelt (Republican) | |||||||
Arthur S. Hardy | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Sep 26, 1902[12] | Mar 2, 1903 | Presented recall, May 1, 1905 | ||
William Miller Collier | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Mar 8, 1905 | May 15, 1905 | Superseded, Jun 9, 1909 | ||
William Howard Taft (Republican) | |||||||
Henry Clay Ide | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Apr 1, 1909 | Jun 9, 1909 | Left post, Jul 8, 1913 | ||
Woodrow Wilson (Democratic) | |||||||
Joseph E. Willard | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Sep 10, 1913 | Oct 31, 1913 | Left post, Jul 7, 1921 | |
Warren G. Harding (Republican) | |||||||
Cyrus E. Woods | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Jun 24, 1921 | Oct 14, 1921 | Left post, Apr 18, 1923 | |
Alexander P. Moore | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Mar 3, 1923 | May 16, 1923 | Left post, Dec 20, 1925 | |
Calvin Coolidge (Republican) | |||||||
Ogden H. Hammond | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Dec 21, 1925 | Mar 26, 1926 | Left post, Oct 13, 1929 | |
Herbert Hoover (Republican) | |||||||
Irwin B. Laughlin | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Oct 16, 1929 | Dec 24, 1929 | Left post, Apr 12, 1933 | |
Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic) | |||||||
Claude G. Bowers | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Apr 6, 1933 | Jun 1, 1933 | Had final interview, Feb 2, 1939[13] | |
H. Freeman Matthews | ![]() |
Career Foreign Service Officer | Chargé d'Affaires ad interim | Apr 13, 1939 | |||
Alexander W. Weddell | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | May 3, 1939 | Jun 15, 1939 | Left post, Feb 7, 1942 | |
Carlton J. H. Hayes | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | May 2, 1942 | Jun 9, 1942 | Left Spain, Jan 18, 1945 | |
Norman Armour | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Dec 15, 1944 | Mar 24, 1945 | Left post, Dec 1, 1945 | |
Harry S. Truman (Democratic) | |||||||
Philip W. Bonsal | ![]() |
Career Foreign Service Officer | Chargé d'Affaires ad interim | Mar 1946 | Jun 1947 | ||
Paul T. Culbertson | Career Foreign Service Officer | Chargé d'Affaires ad interim | Jun 1947 | Dec 1950 | |||
Stanton Griffis | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Feb 1, 1951 | Mar 1, 1951 | Relinquished charge, Jan 28, 1952 | ||
Lincoln MacVeagh | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Feb 21, 1952 | Mar 27, 1952 | Left post, Mar 4, 1953 | ||
Dwight D. Eisenhower (Republican) | |||||||
James Clement Dunn | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Feb 27, 1953 | Apr 9, 1953 | Left post, Feb 9, 1955 | |
John Lodge | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Jan 22, 1955 | Mar 24, 1955 | Left post, Apr 13, 1961 | |
John F. Kennedy (Democratic) | |||||||
Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr. | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Mar 29, 1961 | May 25, 1961 | Left Spain, Oct 12, 1961 | |
Robert F. Woodward | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Apr 7, 1962 | May 10, 1962 | Left post, Feb 1, 1965 | |
Lyndon B. Johnson (Democratic) | |||||||
Angier Biddle Duke | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Mar 11, 1965 | Apr 1, 1965 | Left post Mar 30, 1968 | |
Robert F. Wagner | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Jun 24, 1968 | Jul 4, 1968 | Left post, Mar 7, 1969 | |
Richard Nixon (Republican) | |||||||
Robert C. Hill | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | May 1, 1969 | Jun 12, 1969 | Left post, Jun 12, 1972 | ||
Horacio Rivero Jr. | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Sep 11, 1972 | Oct 11, 1972 | Left post, Nov 26, 1974 | |
Gerald Ford (Republican) | |||||||
Wells Stabler | Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Feb 20, 1975 | Mar 13, 1975 | Left post, May 4, 1978 | ||
Jimmy Carter (Democratic) | |||||||
Terence A. Todman | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | May 25, 1978 | Jul 20, 1978 | Left post, Aug 8, 1983 | |
Ronald Reagan (Republican) | |||||||
Thomas Ostrom Enders | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Aug 5, 1983 | Sep 15, 1983 | Left post Jul 6, 1986 | |
Reginald Bartholomew | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Aug 18, 1986 | Sep 17, 1986 | Left post, Mar 12, 1989 | |
George H. W. Bush (Republican) | |||||||
Joseph Zappala | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Oct 10, 1989 | Oct 16, 1989 | Left post, Jun 4, 1992 | ||
Richard Goodwin Capen, Jr. | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Jun 15, 1992 | Jul 8, 1992 | Left post, Feb 17, 1993 | ||
Bill Clinton (Democratic) | |||||||
Richard N. Gardner | ![]() |
Non-career officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Sep 16, 1993 | Nov 4, 1993 | Left post, Jul 12, 1997 | |
Edward L. Romero | ![]() |
Non-career officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Apr 2, 1998 | Jun 30, 1998 | Left post, May 1, 2001 | |
George W. Bush (Republican) | |||||||
George L. Argyros | ![]() |
Non-career officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary[14] | Nov 21, 2001 | Dec 13, 2001 | Left post, Nov 21, 2004 | |
Eduardo Aguirre | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary[14] | Jun 21, 2005 | Jun 29, 2005 | Jan 20, 2009 | |
Alan D. Solomont | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary[14] | Dec 29, 2009 | Jan 27, 2010 | Left post Jun 28, 2013 | Barack Obama (Democratic) |
James Costos | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary[14] | Aug 19, 2013 | Sep 24, 2013 | Left post Jan 18, 2017 | ||
Richard Duke Buchan III | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary[14] | Nov 20, 2017 | Apr 3, 2018 | Left post Jan 20, 2021 | Donald Trump (Republican) |
Conrad Tribble[15] | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Chargé d'Affaires ad interim | Jan 20, 2021 | Feb 2, 2022 | Joe Biden (Democratic) | |
Julissa Reynoso Pantaleón | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary[14] | Jan 7, 2022 | Feb 2, 2022 | Incumbent |
Other Nominees
[edit]Name | Portrait | Type of Appointee | Title | Appointment | Note |
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John Jay | ![]() |
Minister Plenipotentiary | Sep 29, 1779 | Proceeded to post, but was not formally received at court; left post about May 20, 1782 | |
James Bowdoin | ![]() |
Minister Plenipotentiary | Nov 22, 1804 | Did not proceed to post | |
William T. Barry | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Apr 10, 1853 | Took oath of office but died en route to post. Commissioned during a recess of the Senate | |
John C. Breckinridge | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jan 16, 1855 | Declined appointment | |
Cassius M. Clay | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Apr 14, 1861 | Declined appointment | |
William S. Rosecrans | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Not commissioned; nomination tabled by the Senate | ||
Henry S. Sanford | ![]() |
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Not commissioned; nominated tabled by the Senate | ||
Joseph E. Willard | ![]() |
Non-career appointee | Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary | Jul 28, 1913 | Took oath of office, but did not proceed to post under this appointment |
Ellis O. Briggs | ![]() |
Foreign Service officer | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Not commissioned; nomination withdrawn before the Senate acted upon it. | |
Frank E. McKinney | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | May 11, 1968 | Took oath of office, but did not proceed to post under this appointment | |
Peter M. Flanigan | Non-career appointee | Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary | Not commissioned; nomination of Sep 17, 1974 was not acted upon the Senate |
Notes
[edit]- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 26, 1802.
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Nominated confirmed by the Senate, Oct 3, 1814; commission following confirmation not of record
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Feb 10, 1830
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Sep 28, 1850
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Mar 16, 1870
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after conformation on Oct 30, 1877
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Oct 13, 1881
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Jan 13, 1886
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 13, 1888
- ^ Woodford left post, Apr 21, 1898. The United States declared war on Spain as of that date by Act of Congress approved April 25, 1898
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 14, 1899
- ^ Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Dec 8, 1902
- ^ Bowers was resident during the last part of his Ambassadorship at St. Jean de Luz in France; he left that post, Jun 14, 1939, his appointment having terminated May 14, 1939. The Embassy had meanwhile been re-established in Spain on Apr 13, 1939, when H. Freeman Matthews had been received at Burgos as Chargé d’Affaires ad interim
- ^ a b c d e f Also credited to Andorra; resident at Madrid.
- ^ "Conrad Tribble, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. - U.S. Embassy & Consulate in Spain and Andorra". November 7, 2021. Archived from the original on November 7, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
See also
[edit]- Spain – United States relations
- Foreign relations of Spain
- Ambassadors of the United States
- List of ambassadors of Spain to the United States
References
[edit]- United States Department of State: Background notes on Spain
This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.