Kulm | |
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![]() Kulm in January 2023 | |
Constructor(s) | Ing. Hans Peyerl |
Location | Tauplitz |
Opened | Hill test: 18 February 1950 Unofficially: 8 March 1950 FIS Official opening: 27 February 1953 |
Renovated | 1953, 1975, 1986, 1996, 2015 |
Size | |
K–point | 200 m |
Hill size | 235 m |
Longest jump (unofficial / fall) | 247.5 m (812 ft)![]() (27 January 2023) |
Hill record | 244 m (801 ft)![]() (16 January 2016) |
Top events | |
Ski Flying World Championships | 1975, 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016 |
Kulm is a ski flying hill located in Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Styria, Austria opened in 1950.[1]
In 2003, The women's world record at 200 metres was set by Daniela Iraschko-Stolz, who at the time was the only woman in history to have jumped over two hundred meters.
Furthermore, the men's world record has been set three times at Kulm (1962, 1965 and 1986).
This hill is one of only five of its type in the world, allowing for jumps of more than 240 metres. The current hill record of 244 m (801 ft) was set by Peter Prevc during the 2016 Ski Flying World Championships.
They hosted the five FIS Ski Flying World Championships here in 1975, 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2016.
In 2015, the hill was last renovated to a current K200 and HS235, with much longer jumps possible.
History
[edit]1948/49: Hill construction
[edit]Construction began in 1948 under leadership Viktor Stüger, president of Salzkammergut Ski Association, completed in 1949 as the largest natural ski jumping hill in the world, designed by Ing. Hans Peyerl.[2]
1950: First unofficial event held
[edit]On 8–12 March 1950, opening International Ski Flying Week competition was held on new built ski flying hill. Hubert Neuper Sr. was honoured to be the first to try new hill. The last two days counted for "Longest Ski Jump" competition won by Rudi Dietrich (103 metres) ahead of Hans Eder (102 m) and third placed shared by Werfener Huber and Fritz Ruepp (both 94 metres). However, International Ski Federation (FIS) did not approve the hill and not even this unofficial competition, as it turned out to be, that hill was very poorly and insufficiently built, by far from the International standards valid back then.[3][4][5][6][7][8]
1951: Second unofficial event held
[edit]On 16–18 March 1951, second International Ski Flying Week, an unofficial competition was held in front of total 15,000 people. Summary of total length of four jumps counted into final score. Already on first day, Bradl set new hill record at 115 meters. He was also the winner of the 4 jumps competition with 530 meters in total, in front of the 2nd ranked West German Sepp Hohenleitner (504 meters) and the 3rd ranked Rudi Dietrich (501 meters). Hill was rebuilt with many improvements, but to receive approval from the FIS to organize the official International Ski Flying Week, further requirements had to be met. Hill was again re-designed by Ing. Hans Peyerl in cooperation with the ski jumping FIS consultant Ing. Straumann.[9][10][11]
In 1952, Salzkammergut Ski Association, governed body responsible for the hill was dissolved, because Ausserland came back to Styria. In this way, it was possible to make this hill a top priority for the Styrian state government, which assigned the responsibility to the Styrian Ski Association.
1953: Hill officially opened with FIS approval
[edit]On 27 February–1 March 1953, three-day competition, 1st official "FIS International Ski Flying Week", finally recognized by FIS due to many upgrades. About 50,000 people visited the event. Josef Bradl won the competition with 449.8 points ahead of Andreas Däscher and Roy Sherwood.[12][13]
On 10–11 March 1956, two-day competition, 2nd official "International Ski Flying Week" was held. Total four jumps counted into official result, two best jumps from each day. Peter Lesser won the event with total 428.5 points ahead of Veikko Heinonen (FIN) and Olaf B. Bjørnstad (NOR).[14][15]
On 20–22 March 1959, three-day competition, 3rd official "International Ski Flying Week" was held, on the last day alone crowd of 30,000 people. Six jumps in total, two best from each day counted into official result. Torbjørn Yggeseth (NOR), founder of FIS World Cup won the event.[16][17][18]
1962: Lesser set first world record
[edit]On 1–4 March 1962, three-day competition, 4th official "International Ski Flying Week" was held. Already on the first day, at the official training, East German Peter Lesser tied the world record with Jože Šlibar (Oberstdorf 1961), first on this hill, at 141 m (463 ft). His teammate Helmut Recknagel won ahead of two West Germans Wolfgang Happle and Max Bolkart, watched by more than 40,000 people on Sunday, the last day alone.[19][20][21]
1965: Lesser set second world record
[edit]On 19–21 March 1965, three-day competition, "K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week" was held. First day (Friday) counted as official training, but also as a reserved date, if one of two competition days (Saturday or Sunday) was cancelled, would be calculated into official result. Already on first day, Bjørn Wirkola fell at world record distance at 144 meters (472 ft). On Saturday, Peter Lesser also fell at world record distance at 147 metres (482 ft). On Sunday, in front of 30,000 people, Peter Lesser set official world record for the second time here after three years at 145.5 metres (477 ft).[22][23]
1971: Competition blown away
[edit]On 19–21 March 1971, three-day competition, "K.O.P. International Ski Flying Week", which would also be counting for "Europa Cup", was due to strong wind all three days, first and only time in history completely cancelled. Only four trial jumpers managed to perform the last day. Saturday and Sunday results were planned to count into official results, and if one of them was cancelled, Friday results would be counting as a reserve.[24][25][26]
1986: Horrible crashes and WR tied
[edit]On 8–9 March 1986, Kulm hosted "9th FIS Ski Flying World Championships" at enlarged and rebuilt with new K185 point, renovation plan inspired by Planica. More than 50,000 people in total visited in all three days. It started great already on official training (Friday), with new hill record at 188 meters (617 ft) set by Austrian Franz Neuländtner. On the last day (Sunday), Masahiro Akimoto, Ulf Findeisen, Øyvind Berg and Grega Peljhan, all four crashed very hard, from high in the air direct to the ground. Four best jumps in total (2 of 3 best jumps each day) counted into final results. For the great final Andreas Felder who became world champion, set the world record at 191 m (627 feet) and equaled it with Matti Nykänen (1985).[27][28][29][30][31]
1996: World Championships counted also for World Cup
[edit]On 10–11 February 1996, two-day competition "14th FIS Ski Flying World Championships", with each day also counting for FIS World Cup, was held. Total of 130,000 people gathered in all four days. It all started with free training on Thursday, when Jens Weißflog (201 m) became the first who managed to surpass two-hundred-meter mark on this hill and 8th jump over this barrier in history. Andreas Goldberger became world champion in front of home crowd with total four jumps, two from each day counting (183, 183, 194 and 198 m), with final score of total 738.1 points.[32][33][34][35]
Events
[edit]Hill record
[edit]Men
[edit]Possible HRs, start order in 2R unclear (7.3.1986) – Bauer (176m), Klauser (175m), Suorsa (172m), Nykänen (170m), Findeisen (169m).[36]
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Ladies
[edit]Date | Length | |
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4 February 1997 | ![]() |
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5 February 1997 | ![]() |
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6 February 1997 | ![]() |
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7 February 1997 | ![]() |
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9 February 1997 | ![]() |
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9 February 1997 | ![]() |
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29 January 2003 | ![]() |
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29 January 2003 | ![]() |
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Technical data
[edit]- Hillsize – HS235
- Inrun angle – 35.3°
- Inrun length – 117.4 m
- Calculation point – K200
- Take-off table (height) – 4.75 m
- Landing zone angle – 30.5° to 37.5°
- Vertical (from top to bottom) – 197 m
- Vertical (take-off table to bottom) – 135 m
References
[edit]- ^ "Tauplitz, Bad Mitterndorf" Archived 5 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine. skisprungschanzen.com. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Der Kulm – die größte Naturschanze der Welt – Sternstunden, Enttäuschungen, Skandale" (in German). austria-forum.org. 24 January 2023.
- ^ "Leodolter spring 100 meter am Kulm (page 5)" (in German). Weltpresse. 9 March 1950.
- ^ "Nur Dietrich sprang mehr als 100 Meter (page 4)" (in German). Weltpresse. 10 March 1950.
- ^ "Eder "flog" 102 m auf der Kulm schanze (page 4)" (in German). Neue Zeit. 12 March 1950.
- ^ "Ausklang am Kulm mit Weitenrekord (page 3)" (in German). Die Neue Zeitung. 13 March 1950.
- ^ "Rekordspring Dietrichs am Kulm (page 8)" (in German). Weltpresse. 13 March 1950.
- ^ "Hubert Neuper: "Man soll ruhig einen Vogel haben"" (in German). nachrichten.at. 24 December 2013.
- ^ "Bradl fliegt 115 m (page 8)" (in German). Voralberger Volksblatt. 17 March 1951.
- ^ "Bradl springt 115 Meter in Mittendorf (page 8)" (in German). Osterreichische Zeitung. 18 March 1951.
- ^ "Bradl siegt von Hohenleitner (page 5)" (in German). Neues Osterreich. 20 March 1951.
- ^ "Šport: Planiški dnevi 1953, skoki v Kulmu" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 1 March 1953.
- ^ "Finžgar peti v Kulmu" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 4 March 1953.
- ^ "Skoki v Kulmu (page 12)" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 11 March 1956.
- ^ "Zidar – enaindvajseti (page 6)" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 12 March 1956.
- ^ "Od danes – poleti v Kulmu (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 20 March 1959.
- ^ "Šlibar je pristal pri 100 m (page 16)" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 22 March 1959.
- ^ "Šlibar – najboljši Jugoslovan (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 23 March 1959.
- ^ "Šlibarjev svetovni rekord ogrožen? (page 13)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 2 March 1962.
- ^ "V znamenju dvoboja Lesser-Recknagel (page 6)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 3 March 1962.
- ^ "Recknagel prvi – brez para (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 4 March 1962.
- ^ "Rekordne dolžine in padci (page 14)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 21 March 1965.
- ^ "145.5 m nov svetovni rekord (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 22 March 1965.
- ^ "Točke tudi našim (page 8)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 19 March 1971.
- ^ "Premočan veter (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 20 March 1971.
- ^ "Le štirje gosti (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 22 March 1971.
- ^ "Kulm čaka veliko predstavo (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 7 March 1986.
- ^ "Nykänen bo diktiral razplet na 9. svetovnem prvenstvu (page 6)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 8 March 1986.
- ^ "Zmagoslavje Avstrijcev na 9. SP v poletih (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
- ^ "Felder svetovni prvak in sorekorder (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
- ^ "Rezultati s Kulma (page 11)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
- ^ "Weissflog prvi čez 200 m (page 10)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 9 February 1996.
- ^ "Na Kulmu prvi tekmovalni dan svetovnega prvenstva (page 13)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 February 1996.
- ^ "Urban letel kot zvezdnik do neverjetne bronaste kolajne (page 13)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 12 February 1996.
- ^ "Semafor rezultatov (page 15)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 12 February 1996.
- ^ "Rezultati treninga: 2. serija (page 17)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 8 March 1986.