Javanese_junk_and_Nanking_junk.jpg (729 × 347 pixels, file size: 123 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Summary
DescriptionJavanese junk and Nanking junk.jpg |
English: Excerpt from the book: Jonk are Indian vessels, our Vlie boats are not unequal in size: they are of such a distinctive shape as were made of various nations. The sails are often made of reed, and mats: the anchors of wood: the whole work is joined with swallow-tails. The Bull Man sits on the back, who gives the signal to the man with a drum. Instead of a rudder only at the rear, it is seen that when on board she again two heavy oars (as has been customary by Greeks and Romans) protrude, as the Ship is too similar to the rudder, by heart again, does not listen well after his rudder, also knows how to steer. Some are highly exuberant, others laegh: some sail a lot, others little sail. Two distinct Jonken are exhibited here next to, under letter B. The Nankinsche Jonk, who has seen portrayed in his pampering, carries a red flag on the front mast; the flag right on top of the great mast is white, and root; the two rear flags, which are of the Kampanje, are gray, blue, root, and white; the two flags on the bow are purple; the streamers are root, white, and blue; and the high cross flag is yellow, root, and blue. The Ship is painted yellow below, gray above, and green, also gilded. This ship has a flat bottom, given the drought of the Nankin River, as it sails on plag: it is flat, has two swords: the rudder moves with ropes, one cannot find the other. a Is the cabin: b the cabin. The beams lay over the deck, which is flat. Others are boiled up for very high, carrying nebbles, not unlike a stinger, at the bow, with a small fore-mast that leans across the front, and a low tent, which hangs over the water at the back. Another Chinese Jonk, from which the wooden model came to me, has a keel that is made of three pieces, the middle piece is straight, after the shape of the keels that are built here in Lande; but the other two pieces, which are little shorter than the middle one, rise 4 or 5 feet back and forth. The bow is flat, triangular-shaped, from which the sharpest point protrudes around laegh, sloping slightly in front: at the rear the Ship is likewise completely flat, like a mirror, but moving inward from the edge after the middle; so that the Ship has no bow or stern. The rudder hangs far from the ship, and was again steered with ropes passed through the self below, and tied to the top of the vessel; for the rudder is very large, so that it cannot be managed by the rudder pen alone. This Ship has only one barque wood, which will be placed on top of the deck, rounds outward, and set up after the course of the Ship; underneath itself is the Ship rounds, and above it, from the bottom to the top deck, flat-zydigh. The first deck, or the lower landing, is, like the top one, open along the ship in the middle, and there its upright edges round about. Behind the helm, on the lower landing, one descends with a step, as the Ship is open above the transom, which rises as high as the landing itself, so that the wind can blow in from behind. The great mast allows a little behind the fore, and leans slightly behind: on the deck a round beam is laid transversely to the ship, its second in the bar wood, here the mast goes through, where it is closed with a shackle: below is the mast loose at the bottom, and is square there. At the front is a mast that is a little smaller, which leans over in front: these two can be lowered over the ship at the back. The sails are all raised with wind axles. The masts have tops which are split, and again nailed through the mast itself with pins, above the ends are tossed together, as the flagpole has been pinned again; What I think will happen is that when they lay down the mast they could do the top of it: they climb up the mast with battens. The anchor is made of wood, after the shape of two bent elbows, tied together: short under the arms, without hands on it, there is a cross-wood, which is pegged to the shaft again, which is very tough. wood, but not coarse. On the lower deck, in the middle of the Ship, is again a square door, through which they take the load, and through it one enters the Ship. On both sides of the lower deck are four guns, two lying flat on the landing, and two slightly more elevated. To the outside one sees painted with black, round and square empty gates; Other than that, the Ship is nowhere painted, except for the ringing work fore and aft. At the top of the bore, both at the back and at the front, one sees fences that could be closed and put up again. It has little wood for shin. Outwardly, around the edge of the borehole, stands a scaffolding, on which the mates climb as they draw water from the sea, or make their fill. Above, in the front as well as in the back, are small Sun covers. The landing is narrower at the front than at the back. The Ship above is scarier than below. Behind, outwards against the bucket-bore, is a raised spruce, there they raise flags, and if necessary a small sail. Note that the text above is translated using google translate, and may not be accurate (a help for translating would be welcome). Uploader note At the left, under the letter B, is a jong (Javanese junk), other images can be seen here and here. The ship labelled Nankinsche Jonk is a Chinese junk from Nanking. Nederlands: Jonken zyn Indiaansche vaar-tuigen, in grootte onze Vlie-booten niet ongelyk: deeze zyn van zoo onderscheidelyke gestalte, als van verscheide Volken gemaakt werden. De zeilen zyn veeltydts van riet, en matten: de ankers van hout: het geheele werk is met zwaluw-staerten in een gevoeght. De Stierman zit achter op, die met een trommelken 't sein aan de man te roer geeft. In stede van een roer alleen achter uit, ziet men dat zy wederzydts aan boort twee zware riemen (als van oudts gebruikelyk is geweest by Grieken en Romeinen) uitsteken, daar zy het Schip te gelyk met het roer, by hart weêr, of als het niet wel na zyn roer luistert, mede weten te bestuuren. Zommige zyn hoogh opgeboeit, andere laegh: eenige voeren veel, andere weinigh zeil. Twee onderscheidelyke Jonken staan hier nevens, onder letter B, ten toon. De Nankinsche Jonk, die in zyn verwen afgebeeldt heb gezien, voert een roode vlagh op de voor-mast; de vlagh die recht boven op de groote mast staat is wit, en root; de twee achterste vlaggen, welke van de kampanje waaijen, zyn graauw, blaauw, root, en wit; de twee vlaggen welke op de boeg staan zyn purper; de wimpels zyn root, wit, en blaauw; en de hooge dwars-vlagh is geel, root, en blaauw. Onder is het Schip geel geschildert, boven graauw, en groen, ook vergult. Dit Schip is plat van bodem, vermits de droogte der Nankinsche rivier, daar het op plag te varen: het is voor plat: heeft twee zwaerden: het roer wert met touwen verhaalt, 't geen men aan andere niet vindt. a Is de Kajuit: b de Hut. De balken leggen boven over het verdek, dat plat is. |
Date | |
Source |
Witsen, Nicolaas (1690). Architectura Navalis Et Regimen Nauticum Ofte Aaloude En Hedendaagsche Scheeps Bouw En Bestier. Amsterdam: Pieter and Joan Blaeu. https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/origineel.php?origineel=wits008arch01_01_scan0317 |
Author | Nicolaas Witsen |
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This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 100 years or fewer. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929. |
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https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse
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current | 10:57, 13 October 2020 | ![]() | 729 × 347 (123 KB) | Verosaurus | {{Information |description ={{en|1=Excerpt from the book: Jonk are Indian vessels, our Vlie boats are not unequal in size: they are of such a distinctive shape as were made of various nations. The sails are often made of reed, and mats: the anchors of wood: the whole work is joined with swallow-tails. The Bull Man sits on the back, who gives the signal to the man with a drum. Instead of a rudder only at the rear, it is seen that when on board she again two heavy oars (as has been customary... |
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