Barbara Charlotte Rodbell-Ledermann (née Ledermann; born 4 September 1925) is a German Holocaust survivor.^[1] She was the sister of Sanne Ledermann and a good friend of Margot Frank.^[2]

Barbara Charlotte Ledermann was born in Berlin in 1925, the first daughter of business lawyer and notary Franz Ledermann [de] (1889–1943) and Dutch pianist Ilse Ledermann-Citroen [de] (1904–1943). Her sister, Sanne (1928–1943), was three years her junior. Her entire family was murdered at Auschwitz concentration camp.^[3]

She emigrated to the United States and married biochemist Martin Rodbell, who would later win the Nobel Prize. They had four children. Widowed in 1998, she resides in North Carolina.