In both science fiction and utopian/dystopian fiction, authors have made frequent use of the age-old idea of a global state and, accordingly, of world government.

Overview[edit]

In tune with Immanuel Kant's vision of a world state based on the voluntary political union of all countries of this planet in order to avoid colonialism and in particular any future war ("Idee zu einer allgemeinen Geschichte in weltbürgerlicher Absicht", 1784; "Zum ewigen Frieden", 1795), some of these scenarios depict an egalitarian and utopian world supervised (rather than controlled) by a benevolent (and usually democratic) world government. Others, however, describe the effects of a totalitarian regime which, after having seized power in one country, annexes the rest of the world in order to dominate and oppress all mankind.

One major influence was Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward. The best-known advocate of world government was H. G. Wells. He describes such a system in The Shape of Things to Come, Men Like Gods and The World Set Free.

Some writers have also parodied the idea: E. M. Forster's The Machine Stops (1909) and Aldous Huxley's 1932 novel Brave New World. Wells himself wrote The Sleeper Awakes, an early vision of a dystopian world.

World government themes in science fiction are particularly prominent in the years following World War II, coincident with the involvement of many scientists in the actual political movement for world government in response to the perceived dangers of nuclear holocaust. Prominent examples from the Cold War era include Childhood's End (1953), Starship Troopers (1959), Star Trek (from 1966) and the Doctor Who story The Enemy of the World (1968). Later references to a unified world government also appear however in post-Cold War science fiction television series such as Babylon 5.

The concept also appears frequently in science fiction anime, whether in the form of a strengthened United Nations or an entirely new organizations with world presidential election. Examples of anime with this premise are Macross (adapted in America as the first part of Robotech) and Gundam.

President of Earth[edit]

President of Earth (also known as President of the World) is a fictional concept or character who is the ruler of the planet Earth. Examples include the following:

• In DC Comics, superhero Bart Allen had a presidential grandfather President Thawne; ^[1] Jacques Foccart, the second Invisible Kid, went on to serve as President of Earth.

• A poem "The President of Earth" by Author David Kennedy (b1959) in a book with the same title,^[2][3]

• An occupation in many Star Trek story lines including Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country^[4]

• A fictional character in a fictional universe in The Adventures of Captain Proton holoprogram on USS Voyager's holodeck

• Gerry Anderson's 1960s puppet shows, via their TV Century 21 comic and episodes of Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons, featured a World President as head of a unified World Government.

• In the 1968 film Barbarella, Barbarella is sent out by the President of Earth.

• In The New Twilight Zone episode "Lost and Found" and the Phyllis Eisenstein 1978 short story of the same title upon which it was based, a woman named Jenny Templeton (Akosua Busia) will someday be elected the first president of Earth, presumably in the 21st century and will eventually be called "The Great Peacemaker".

• In Babylon 5: In the Beginning, the president of Earth orders all available ships to form a line around the planet in a vain attempt to stave off the final Minbari obliteration of the human race. This, the Battle of the Line, is the final battle of the war.

• In Futurama (which is set in the 31st century) the position of President of Earth is held by Richard Nixon's Head,^[5] preceded by "Earth President McNeal".

• In Doctor Who, several future timelines - most notably the 26th century's Earth Empire - have a President of Earth; in the first such story, Frontier in Space, the President's world government is specifically based on the United States government.

World governmental organizations in fiction and popular culture[edit]

• The novels and short stories of science fiction author Isaac Asimov frequently depict the existence of some variety of world government. The first such mention appears to be his short story 'Evidence', published in 1946; the story mentions that governments have formed four regions. In the next story, 'The Evitable Conflict', they have formed a Federation, created in 2044 CE, with an elected World Coordinator. His headquarters are in New York. Regional capitals also exist. Later stories show how this union leads to planetary unions and eventually to the Galactic Empire.

• Indian science fiction show of the 90s Captain Vyom showed a world government with the capital at New Delhi.

• Global Defense Initiative (a powerful military branch of the UN) in the Command & Conquer series of video games.

• The Confederation in Peter F Hamilton's Night's Dawn Trilogy (or more specifically GovCentral and most planetary governments, some even stretch across multiple systems).

• The Imperium in Warhammer 40000 is a large sprawling empire spanning many planets.

• The Unified Earth Government (the root of the United Nations Space Command) in Halo is an interplanetary government.

• The Buy n Large Corporation is a world government in the film WALL-E. CEO Shelby Forthright (portrayed in live-action by Fred Willard) as leader of the world government proposed the plans to evacuate, clean up and recolonize the planet. However, he gave up hope after realizing he underestimated just how toxic the planet had become.

• The United Earth Federation in the video game Supreme Commander is a Martial Government that rules all of Earth and several other planets in the galaxy.

• The United States of Earth is the fictional world government in the animated science-fiction comedy series Futurama. It is also supported by D.O.O.P. (an interplanetary equivalent to the United Nations).

• The United Earth Directorate from the StarCraft series is a government controlling Earth. Meanwhile, the Terran Confederacy and later the Terran Dominion control a number of the other planets that humans inhabit.

• United Earth is the governing body of Earth in the Star Trek franchise. It was formed after Earth made first contact with Vulcans and was later a political subdivision of the United Federation of Planets.

• World Government in the Japanese manga and anime series One Piece.

• In Eoin Colfer's The Supernaturalist, it is stated that all international boundaries were erased in a "one world" act.

• The Earth Alliance in Babylon 5 was founded in 2085 as a democracy, and conquered most nations who refused to join by 2150.

• The Earth Federation in the Gundam anime series, formed as a response to widespread famine, disease and war. It forced most of the earth population into space colonies.

• The Terran Confederation in the Wing Commander universe, is a federal republic formed in 2416.

• The Terran Federation in Robert A. Heinlein's Starship Troopers, formed by a group of veterans after the collapse of national governments around the world. Only those who have served in the military are allowed to vote and hold political office.

• In The Forever War by Joe Haldeman, the United Nations is a world government, who carefully controls food resources and officially endorses homosexuality to control overpopulation.

• The Alliance in the Firefly universe is a result of a Chinese and American alliance.

• The CoDominium, from the CoDominium series by Jerry Pournelle is a union of the United States and the USSR which serves as world government.

• In Gerry Anderson's TV series Fireball XL5, Stingray, Thunderbirds, Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons and Joe 90, Feature the World Army, the World Navy and the World Air Force, also the World Aquanaut Security Patrol (The W.A.S.P'S), the World Space Patrol (W.S.P), World Intelligence Network (W.I.N) and Universal Secret Service (U.S.S). All run by a World Government (overseen by a world President) located in the world capital Futura City.

• In his scurrilous novel New Shoes, RD Le Coeur has the president of earth as Bernado Bohemoth Beelzebub who the alien visitors come seeking on Earth. ISBN 978-1-84923-882-3.

• In Orson Scott Card's "Shadow of the Giant", Peter Wiggin becomes Hegemon over the Earth.

• Future timelines of Doctor Who repeatedly show a world government with space colonisation, usually under the name Earth Empire/Human Empire.

• "Mobile Suit Gundam Wing" is set in a world run by the Alliance.

• In Martian Successor Nadesico, Earth and several lunar and Martian colonies are governed by United Earth, with a united military force called the "United Earth Allied Forces".

• "Planetes" a Japanese anime, "INTO" International Treaty Organization is a type of world government .

• In the manga "Eden: It's an Endless World!" A supranational organization "Propater" which grew within NATO and the UN, and eventually took them over. Propater controls much of the world, including Japan, the USA, much of Europe and South America. Later this organization became " United World The Federation of Earth" .

• In Appleseed (manga) , after world war III the planet is supervised by a utopian city called Olympus. The Central Management Bureau, more commonly referred to as Aegis in the manga, is the political organization that runs the city-state of Olympus. Aegis is looking after the whole planet, other than total disarmament and the supervision of trade and economy, every country is pretty much free to do as they please.

• In video game Deus Ex: Invisible War takes place in 2072, twenty years after the original, in a world being rebuilt after the destruction of global infrastructure at the hands of the first game's protagonist, JC Denton. The World Trade Organization somehow forms a global government, creating modern city-states, known as enclaves, in which the majority of the game takes place

See also[edit]

• World government

References[edit]

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