Johann Neander aka Johannes Neander (c.1596 Bremen – c.1630) was a German physician from Bremen, also a philosopher, writer and poet, best known for his 1626 work Tabacologia published by Isaac Elzevir of Leiden.^[1][2][3]

Neander's work extolled the medicinal virtues of tobacco, but also warned of the dangers inherent in its abuse – it was, he said, "a plant of God's own making, but the devil is likewise involved; excesses ruined both mind and body." His information was gleaned mainly from sixteenth-century herbals, and the work also shows the earliest known illustrations of native Americans cultivating and curing tobacco.^[4] Neander was particularly interested in tobacco's medicinal uses, and his work details several such remedies.

The book's illustrations are by Moses van Uyttenbroeck (c.1600–1646), a Dutch painter and engraver.