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Not to be confused with List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita.

Countries or territories by GDP (nominal) per capita in 2021.
  >$60,000
  $50,000 - $60,000
  $40,000 - $50,000
  $30,000 - $40,000
  $20,000 - $30,000
  $10,000 - $20,000
  $5,000 - $10,000
  $2,500 - $5,000
  $1,000 - $2,500
  $500 - $1,000
  <$500
  No data

The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency. Such fluctuations change a country's ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference to the standard of living of its population.

Therefore, these figures should be used with caution. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living;[1][2] however, this is problematic because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income.

Comparisons of national income are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. (See List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita.) PPP largely removes the exchange rate problem but not others; it does not reflect the value of economic output in international trade, and it also requires more estimation than GDP per capita. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are more narrowly spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.

Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited international recognition (such as Kosovo, Palestine, and Taiwan) are included in the list in cases in which they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts here, but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. In addition, non-sovereign entities are marked in italics.

Note that several leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions may be considered tax havens, and their GDP data subject to material distortion by tax planning activities. Examples include Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, and Luxembourg.[3]

All data are in current United States dollars. Historical data can be found here.

Table

The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available estimates, and can be reranked by either of the sources

* Nearly all country links in the table take to articles titled "Income in country or territory" or to "Economy of country or territory".

GDP (in US$) per capita by country or  territory 
Country/Territory Subregion Region IMF[4] United Nations[5] World Bank[6]
Estimate Year Estimate Year Estimate Year
 Liechtenstein * Western Europe Europe N/A 180,227 2020 175,814 2019
 Monaco * Western Europe Europe N/A 173,696 2020 190,513 2019
 Luxembourg * Western Europe Europe 131,302 2021 117,182 2020 115,874 2020
 Bermuda * Northern America Americas N/A 123,945 2020 107,080 2020
 Ireland * Northern Europe Europe 102,394 2021 86,251 2020 85,268 2020
 Cayman Islands * Caribbean Americas N/A 95,191 2020 85,083 2020
 Switzerland * Central Europe Europe 93,515 2021 86,919 2020 87,097 2020
 Norway * Northern Europe Europe 82,244 2021 66,871 2020 67,390 2020
 United States * Northern America Americas 69,375 2021 63,123 2020 63,414 2020
 Iceland * Northern Europe Europe 68,844 2021 63,644 2020 59,270 2020
 Denmark * Northern Europe Europe 67,920 2021 61,477 2020 61,063 2020
 Singapore * South-eastern Asia Asia 66,263 2021 58,114 2020 59,798 2020
 Australia * Australia and New Zealand Oceania 62,619 2021 55,823 2020 51,693 2020
 Qatar * Western Asia Asia 61,791 2021 50,815 2020 50,124 2020
 Sweden * Northern Europe Europe 58,639 2021 53,575 2020 52,274 2020
 Netherlands * Western Europe Europe 57,715 2021 53,334 2020 52,397 2020
 Greenland * Northern America Americas N/A 55,139 2020 53,041 2019
 Austria * Central Europe Europe 53,793 2021 48,106 2020 48,587 2020
 Finland * Northern Europe Europe 53,523 2021 48,685 2020 48,773 2020
 Canada * Northern America Americas 52,791 2021 43,560 2020 43,258 2020
 San Marino * Southern Europe Europe 50,934 2021 45,832 2020 47,731 2019
 Germany * Central Europe Europe 50,788 2021 45,909 2020 46,208 2020
 Belgium * Western Europe Europe 50,413 2021 45,028 2020 45,159 2020
 Israel * Western Asia Asia 49,840 2021 47,034 2020 44,169 2020
 Hong Kong * Eastern Asia Asia 49,485 2021 46,611 2020 46,324 2020
 British Virgin Islands * Caribbean Americas N/A 49,357 2020 N/A
 New Zealand * Australia and New Zealand Oceania 48,349 2021 43,972 2020 41,442 2020
 United Kingdom * Northern Europe Europe 46,200 2021 40,718 2020 41,125 2020
 France * Western Europe Europe 45,028 2021 38,959 2020 39,030 2020
 United Arab Emirates * Western Asia Asia 43,538 2021 36,285 2020 36,285 2020
 Macau * Eastern Asia Asia 42,107 2021 37,474 2020 39,403 2020
 Japan * Eastern Asia Asia 43,100 2022 39,990 2020 40,193 2020
 Andorra * Southern Europe Europe 40,417 2021 37,072 2020 40,897 2019
 Italy * Southern Europe Europe 35,585 2021 31,238 2020 31,714 2020
 South Korea * Eastern Asia Asia 36,700 2022 31,947 2020 31,632 2020
 Guam * Micronesia Oceania N/A N/A 34,624 2020
 Puerto Rico * Caribbean Americas 34,143 2021 36,052 2020 32,291 2020
 New Caledonia * Melanesia Oceania N/A 34,006 2020 34,789 2019
 Brunei * South-eastern Asia Asia 33,979 2021 27,437 2020 27,443 2020
 Taiwan * Eastern Asia Asia 33,402 2021 28,383 [7][8]2020 N/A
 Malta * Southern Europe Europe 31,997 2021 33,771 2020 27,885 2020
 Spain * Southern Europe Europe 30,537 2021 27,409 2020 27,063 2020
 Cyprus * Western Asia Asia 29,486 2021 28,133 2020 26,624 2020
 Slovenia * Central Europe Europe 28,939 2021 25,777 2020 25,517 2020
 Kuwait * Western Asia Asia 27,927 2021 24,809 2020 24,812 2020
 Bahamas * Caribbean Americas 27,437 2021 25,194 2020 25,194 2020
 Estonia * Northern Europe Europe 27,101 2021 23,106 2020 23,027 2020
 Bahrain * Western Asia Asia 26,294 2021 19,925 2020 20,410 2020
 Czech Republic * Central Europe Europe 25,806 2021 22,911 2020 22,932 2020
 Aruba * Caribbean Americas 25,701 2021 23,386 2020 30,253 2018
 Portugal * Southern Europe Europe 24,457 2021 22,413 2020 22,176 2020
 Turks and Caicos Islands Caribbean Americas N/A 23,881 2020 23,880 2020
 Saudi Arabia * Western Asia Asia 23,762 2021 20,110 2020 20,110 2020
 Lithuania * Northern Europe Europe 22,412 2021 20,772 2020 20,234 2020
 Slovakia * Central Europe Europe 21,383 2021 19,264 2020 19,267 2020
 French Polynesia * Polynesia Oceania N/A 20,707 2020 14,324 2000
 Northern Mariana Islands * Micronesia Oceania N/A N/A 20,660 2019
 Sint Maarten * Caribbean Americas N/A 20,000 2020 29,160 2018
 Greece * Southern Europe Europe 19,827 2021 18,117 2020 17,623 2020
 Latvia * Northern Europe Europe 19,539 2021 17,871 2020 17,726 2020
 Hungary * Central Europe Europe 18,528 2021 16,129 2020 15,981 2020
 Oman * Western Asia Asia 17,633 2021 12,409 2020 12,660 2020
 Poland * Central Europe Europe 17,318 2021 15,764 2020 15,721 2020
 Anguilla * Caribbean Americas N/A 17,226 2020 N/A
 Uruguay * South America Americas 16,965 2021 15,438 2020 15,438 2020
 Saint Kitts and Nevis * Caribbean Americas 16,917 2021 17,434 2020 18,438 2020
 Chile * South America Americas 16,799 2021 13,232 2020 13,232 2020
 Cook Islands * Polynesia Oceania N/A 16,135 2020 N/A
 Barbados * Caribbean Americas 16,105 2021 15,449 2020 15,374 2020
 Curaçao * Caribbean Americas N/A 15,819 2020 16,746 2020
 Croatia * Southern Europe Europe 15,808 2021 13,934 2020 14,134 2020
 Trinidad and Tobago * Caribbean Americas 15,353 2021 15,286 2020 15,426 2020
 Romania * Eastern Europe Europe 14,864 2021 12,929 2020 12,896 2020
 Antigua and Barbuda * Caribbean Americas 14,118 2021 13,993 2020 13,993 2020
 Panama * Central America Americas 13,861 2021 12,269 2020 12,510 2020
 Montserrat * Caribbean Americas N/A 13,523 2020 N/A
 Seychelles * Eastern Africa Africa 13,140 2021 10,767 2020 10,764 2020
 American Samoa * Polynesia Oceania N/A N/A 12,845 2020
 Iran * Southern Asia Asia 12,725 2021 11,183 2020 2,423 2020
 Maldives * Southern Asia Asia 11,899 2021 6,924 2020 6,924 2020
 China * Eastern Asia Asia 11,891 [n 1]2021 10,229 [n 1]2020 10,435 2020
 Costa Rica * Central America Americas 11,860 2021 12,077 2020 12,141 2020
 Palau * Micronesia Oceania 11,835 2021 14,567 2020 14,244 2020
 Bulgaria * Eastern Europe Europe 11,332 2021 10,058 2020 10,079 2020
 Russia * Eastern Europe Europe 11,273 2021 10,166 2020 10,127 2020
 Malaysia * South-eastern Asia Asia 11,125 2021 10,402 2020 10,412 2020
 World N/A 10,949 2020 10,926 2020
 Kazakhstan * Central Asia Asia 10,145 2021 9,111 2020 9,122 2020
 Nauru * Micronesia Oceania 10,138 2021 12,510 2020 10,580 2020
 Mexico * Central America Americas 9,967 2021 8,326 2020 8,329 2020
 Argentina * South America Americas 9,929 2021 8,476 2020 8,579 2020
 Grenada * Caribbean Americas 9,575 2021 9,273 2020 9,262 2020
 Cuba * Caribbean Americas N/A 9,478 2020 9,478 2020
 Saint Lucia * Caribbean Americas 9,419 2021 8,805 2020 8,805 2020
 Turkey * Western Asia Asia 9,407 2021 8,538 2020 8,536 2020
 Guyana * South America Americas 9,369 2021 6,956 2020 6,956 2020
 Lebanon * Western Asia Asia 2,785 2020 9,310 2020 4,650 2020
 Turkmenistan * Central Asia Asia 8,844 2021 7,104 2020 7,612 2019
 Montenegro * Southern Europe Europe 8,838 2021 7,626 2020 7,677 2020
 Serbia * Southern Europe Europe 8,794 2021 7,656 2020 7,721 2020
 Mauritius * Eastern Africa Africa 8,682 2021 8,587 2020 8,628 2020
 Equatorial Guinea * Middle Africa Africa 8,626 2021 7,143 2020 7,143 2020
 Gabon * Middle Africa Africa 8,569 2021 6,789 2020 7,006 2020
 Dominican Republic * Caribbean Americas 8,492 2021 7,268 2020 7,268 2020
 Thailand * South-eastern Asia Asia 7,809 2021 7,189 2020 7,189 2020
 Dominica * Caribbean Americas 7,777 2021 7,038 2020 7,268 2020
 Brazil * South America Americas 7,741 2021 6,797 2020 6,797 2020
 Botswana * Southern Africa Africa 7,350 2021 6,711 2020 6,711 2020
 Belarus * Eastern Europe Europe 7,032 2021 6,377 2020 6,411 2020
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines * Caribbean Americas 6,952 2021 7,298 2020 7,298 2020
 South Africa * Southern Africa Africa 6,861 2021 5,094 2020 5,091 2020
 North Macedonia * Southern Europe Europe 6,712 2021 5,886 2020 5,888 2020
 Peru * South America Americas 6,677 2021 6,163 2020 6,127 2020
 Bosnia and Herzegovina * Southern Europe Europe 6,648 2021 6,035 2020 6,032 2020
 Tuvalu * Polynesia Oceania 6,004 2021 4,648 2020 4,143 2020
 Colombia * South America Americas 5,892 2021 5,333 2020 5,333 2020
 Ecuador * South America Americas 5,884 2021 5,600 2020 5,600 2020
 Albania * Southern Europe Europe 5,837 2021 5,181 2020 5,215 2020
 Jamaica * Caribbean Americas 5,422 2021 4,665 2020 4,665 2020
 Azerbaijan * Western Asia Asia 5,167 2021 4,202 2020 4,214 2020
 Fiji * Melanesia Oceania 5,127 2021 5,013 2020 4,882 2020
 Paraguay * South America Americas 5,028 2021 4,950 2020 4,950 2020
 Tonga * Polynesia Oceania 5,010 2021 4,646 2020 4,903 2019
 Kosovo * Southern Europe Europe 4,986 2021 4,368 2020 4,287 2020
 Iraq * Western Asia Asia 4,893 2021 4,146 2020 4,158 2020
 Georgia * Western Asia Asia 4,808 2021 3,984 2020 4,279 2020
 Moldova * Eastern Europe Europe 4,792 2021 2,954 2020 4,551 2020
 Namibia * Southern Africa Africa 4,694 2021 4,215 2020 4,211 2020
 Suriname * South America Americas 4,620 2021 7,023 2020 6,491 2020
 Armenia * Western Asia Asia 4,595 2021 4,266 2020 4,268 2020
 Guatemala * Central America Americas 4,542 2021 4,332 2020 4,603 2020
 Belize * Central America Americas 4,458 2021 3,988 2020 4,436 2020
 Jordan * Western Asia Asia 4,394 2021 4,283 2020 4,283 2020
 Ukraine * Eastern Europe Europe 4,384 2021 3,557 2020 3,727 2020
 Marshall Islands * Micronesia Oceania 4,338 2021 4,130 2020 4,073 2019
 El Salvador * Central America Americas 4,244 2021 3,799 2020 3,799 2020
 Indonesia * South-eastern Asia Asia 4,225 2021 3,870 2020 3,870 2020
 Mongolia * Eastern Asia Asia 4,186 2021 4,007 2020 4,007 2020
 Libya * Northern Africa Africa 4,069 2021 4,243 2020 3,699 2020
 Eswatini * Southern Africa Africa 3,965 2021 3,306 2020 3,416 2020
 Samoa * Polynesia Oceania 3,906 2021 3,890 2020 4,068 2020
 Micronesia * Micronesia Oceania 3,855 2021 3,500 2020 3,585 2019
 Egypt * Northern Africa Africa 3,852 2021 3,609 2020 3,548 2020
 Vietnam * South-eastern Asia Asia 3,743 2021 2,786 2020 2,786 2020
 Sri Lanka * Southern Asia Asia 3,666 2021 3,768 2020 3,682 2020
 Djibouti * Eastern Africa Africa 3,646 2021 3,465 2020 3,426 2020
 Algeria * Northern Africa Africa 3,638 2021 3,368 2020 3,310 2020
 Tunisia * Northern Africa Africa 3,556 2021 3,318 2020 3,320 2020
 Philippines * South-eastern Asia Asia 3,492 2021 3,299 2020 3,299 2020
 Morocco * Northern Africa Africa 3,471 2021 3,108 2020 3,009 2020
 Cape Verde * Western Africa Africa 3,347 2021 3,064 2020 3,064 2020
 Palestine * Western Asia Asia 3,321 [n 2]2021 3,050 2020 3,240 2020
 Bhutan * Southern Asia Asia 3,296 2021 3,218 2020 3,122 2020
 Bolivia * South America Americas 3,267 2021 3,133 2020 3,143 2020
 Vanuatu * Melanesia Oceania 3,235 2021 2,783 2020 2,783 2020
 Papua New Guinea * Melanesia Oceania 2,952 2021 2,640 2020 2,637 2020
 Congo * Middle Africa Africa 2,656 2021 1,830 2020 1,973 2020
 Laos * South-eastern Asia Asia 2,626 2021 2,623 2020 2,630 2020
 Honduras * Central America Americas 2,602 2021 2,406 2020 2,406 2020
 Ivory Coast * Western Africa Africa 2,489 2021 2,318 2020 2,326 2020
 Ghana * Western Africa Africa 2,413 2021 2,206 2020 2,329 2020
 São Tomé and Príncipe * Middle Africa Africa 2,393 2021 2,174 2020 2,158 2020
 Solomon Islands * Melanesia Oceania 2,357 2021 2,251 2020 2,258 2020
 Nigeria * Western Africa Africa 2,273 2021 2,085 2020 2,097 2020
 Angola * Middle Africa Africa 2,201 2021 1,896 2020 1,896 2020
 Kenya * Eastern Africa Africa 2,199 2021 1,879 2020 1,838 2020
 Mauritania * Western Africa Africa 2,161 2021 1,702 2020 1,673 2020
 Bangladesh * Southern Asia Asia 2,139 2021 2,001 2020 1,969 2020
 India * Southern Asia Asia 2,116 2021 1,931 2020 1,901 2020
 Nicaragua * Central America Americas 2,047 2021 1,905 2020 1,905 2020
 Kiribati * Micronesia Oceania 1,927 2021 1,515 2020 1,671 2020
 Uzbekistan * Central Asia Asia 1,901 2021 1,724 2020 1,686 2020
 Haiti * Caribbean Americas 1,692 2021 1,360 2020 1,177 2020
 Zimbabwe * Eastern Africa Africa 1,665 2021 1,466 2020 1,128 2020
 Cambodia * South-eastern Asia Asia 1,647 2021 1,513 2020 1,513 2020
 Cameroon * Middle Africa Africa 1,646 2021 1,502 2020 1,499 2020
 Venezuela * South America Americas 1,627 2021 3,740 2020 16,056 2014
 Senegal * Western Africa Africa 1,603 2021 1,458 2020 1,488 2020
 Benin * Western Africa Africa 1,447 2021 1,254 2020 1,291 2020
 Comoros * Eastern Africa Africa 1,390 2021 1,421 2020 1,403 2020
 East Timor * South-eastern Asia Asia 1,263 2021 1,443 2020 1,381 2020
 Pakistan * Southern Asia Asia 1,255 2020 1,167 2020 1,194 2020
 Myanmar * South-eastern Asia Asia 1,246 2021 1,292 2020 1,400 2020
 Kyrgyzstan * Central Asia Asia 1,225 2021 1,186 2020 1,174 2020
 Lesotho * Southern Africa Africa 1,188 2021 1,061 2020 861 2020
 Nepal * Southern Asia Asia 1,173 2021 1,135 2020 1,155 2020
 Guinea * Western Africa Africa 1,168 2021 1,179 2020 1,194 2020
 Tanzania * Eastern Africa Africa 1,159 2021 1,115 [n 3]2020 1,077 2020
 Zambia * Eastern Africa Africa 1,115 2021 985 2020 1,051 2020
 Zanzibar Eastern Africa Africa N/A 1,031 2020 N/A
 Uganda * Eastern Africa Africa 1,018 2021 846 2020 817 2020
 Togo * Western Africa Africa 1,000 2021 863 2020 915 2020
 Mali * Western Africa Africa 966 2021 856 2020 859 2020
 Ethiopia * Eastern Africa Africa 940 2021 840 2020 936 2020
 Burkina Faso * Western Africa Africa 926 2021 831 2020 831 2020
 Syria * Western Asia Asia 2,807 2010 890 2020 2,033 2007
 Guinea-Bissau * Western Africa Africa 858 2021 668 2020 728 2020
 Tajikistan * Central Asia Asia 839 2021 838 2020 859 2020
 Gambia * Western Africa Africa 819 2021 757 2020 787 2020
 Rwanda * Eastern Africa Africa 802 2021 798 2020 798 2020
 Sudan * Northern Africa Africa 789 2021 1,415 2020 596 2020
 Chad * Middle Africa Africa 730 2021 679 2020 615 2020
 Liberia * Western Africa Africa 703 2021 491 2020 583 2020
 Eritrea * Eastern Africa Africa 626 2021 588 2020 643 2011
 Niger * Western Africa Africa 622 2021 568 2020 2,097 2020
 North Korea * Eastern Asia Asia N/A 618 2020 N/A
 DR Congo * Middle Africa Africa 594 2021 506 2020 557 2020
 Afghanistan * Southern Asia Asia 592 2021 508 2020 509 2020
 Yemen * Western Asia Asia 585 2021 937 2020 824 2018
 Malawi * Eastern Africa Africa 566 2021 615 2020 625 2020
 Sierra Leone * Western Africa Africa 541 2021 475 2020 485 2020
 Central African Republic * Middle Africa Africa 526 2021 481 2020 477 2020
 Madagascar * Eastern Africa Africa 499 2021 470 2020 496 2020
 Mozambique * Eastern Africa Africa 492 2021 449 2020 449 2020
 Somalia * Eastern Africa Africa 350 2021 118 2020 309 2020
 Burundi * Eastern Africa Africa 261 2021 286 2020 274 2020
 South Sudan * Eastern Africa Africa 230 2021 1,421 2020 1,120 2015

Note: Data unavailable for the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, the Holy See (Vatican City), the Isle of Man, Jersey, Niue, the Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Tokelau, the United States Virgin Islands, and Western Sahara.

Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens

Main articles: Corporate haven § GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy, and Corporate haven § Distorted GDP/GNP

Many of the leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions are tax havens whose economic data is artificially inflated by tax-driven corporate accounting entries.

For instance, the Irish GDP data above is subject to material distortion by the tax planning activities of foreign multinationals in Ireland. To address this, in 2017 the Central Bank of Ireland created "modified GNI" (or GNI*) as a more appropriate statistic, and the OECD and IMF have adopted it for Ireland. 2015 Irish GDP is 143% of 2015 Irish GNI*.

A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 percent of the world’s investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.

— "Piercing the Veil", International Monetary Fund, June 2018[9]

Further discussion on this topic can be found in the List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita article.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Figures exclude special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  2. ^ The name used in IMF report is "West Bank and Gaza"
  3. ^ The UN figure excludes autonomous region of Zanzibar.

References

  1. ^ O'Sullivan, Arthur
  2. ^ French President seeks alternatives to GDP, The Guardian 14-09-2009.
    "European Parliament, Policy Department Economic and Scientific Policy: Beyond GDP Study" (PDF). (1.47 MB)
  3. ^ Richard Phillips; Matt Gardner; Alexandria Robins; Michelle Surka (2017). "Offshore Shell Games 2017" (PDF). Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.
  4. ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2021". International Monetary Fund. 15 October 2021. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  5. ^ [1], (Select all countries, "GDP, Per Capita GDP - US Dollars", and "2020" to generate the table), United Nations Statistics Division. Access date: 29 January 2022.
  6. ^ "GDP per capita (current US$)". World Development Indicators. World Bank. Retrieved 28 June 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ "GDP: Preliminary estimate for 2021 Q1 and outlook for 2021" (PDF). eng.stat.gov.tw. Retrieved 2021-07-02.
  8. ^ "國民所得統計摘要" (PDF). eng.stat.gov.tw (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2021-07-02.
  9. ^ "Piercing the Veil, FINANCE & DEVELOPMENT, JUNE 2018, VOL. 55, NO. 2". IMF Finance & Development. June 2018.

External links

source: https://web.archive.org/web/20220217154438/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita

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