Brigadier general is a general officer rank who commands an army brigade and is used by a number of countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general (or divisional general).
Variants[edit]
Brigadier general[edit]
Brigadier general (Brig. Gen.) is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries, usually sitting between the ranks of colonel and major general. When appointed to a field command, a brigadier general is typically in command of a brigade consisting of around 4,000 troops (four battalions).
In some countries, this rank is given the name of brigadier, which is usually equivalent to brigadier general in the armies of nations that use the rank.
The rank can be traced back to the militaries of Europe where a "brigadier general", or simply a "brigadier", would command a brigade in the field.
In the first quarter of the 20th century, British and Commonwealth armies used the rank of brigadier general as a temporary appointment, or as an honorary appointment on retirement; in the 1920s this practice changed to the use of brigadier, which was not classed as a general officer.
Some armies, such as Japan and Taiwan, use major general as the equivalent of brigadier general (See also #Japan & Taiwan for details.). Some of these armies then use the rank of colonel general to make four general-officer ranks.[citation needed]
Mexico uses the ranks of both General brigadier and General de brigada.
Brigade general[edit]
Brigade general is the rank of a brigade commander in countries where the French Revolutionary System's general officer rank designation is used.
The rank name général de brigade (transl. brigade general) was first used in the French revolutionary armies.
It is used both brigadier general and major general because it is used for the designated rank of the general officers that the country stipulates as brigade commanders' class by law.
Brigadier general & Brigade general ranks by country[edit]
Argentina[edit]
The rank of brigadier general (with some local variations) is used in the Argentine Air Force. Unlike other armed forces of the World, the rank of brigadier general is actually the highest rank in the Air Force. This is due to the use of the rank of brigadier and its derivatives to designate all general officers in the Air Force: brigadier (lowest general officer); brigadier-major (middle); and brigadier-general (highest). The rank of brigadier general is reserved for the Chief General Staff of the Air Force, as well as the Chief of the Joint General Staff if he should be an Air Force officer.
The Argentine Army does not use the rank of brigadier-general, instead using brigade general (Spanish: General de brigada) which in turn is the lowest general officer before Divisional General (Spanish: General de Division) and Lieutenant General (Spanish: Teniente General).
Australia[edit]
![](https://web.archive.org/web/20220118152006im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Harold_Pompey_Elliott_portrait.jpg/170px-Harold_Pompey_Elliott_portrait.jpg)
In the Australian Imperial Force during World War I, the rank of brigadier general was always temporary and held only while the officer was posted to a particular task, typically the command of a brigade. (Until 1915, Australian brigades were commanded by colonels.) When posted elsewhere, the rank would be relinquished and the former rank resumed. This policy prevented an accumulation of high-ranking general officers brought about by the relatively high turnover of brigade commanders. Brigadier general was also used as an honorary rank on retirement.
The rank insignia was like that of the current major general, but without the star/pip.[note 1] Brigadier generals wore the same gorget patches (a line of gold oak leaf embroidery down the centre), cap badge (crossed sword and baton within a laurel wreath, surmounted by a crown in gold embroidery) and cap visor (two rows of gold oakleaf embroidery) as other generals.
As in the United Kingdom, the rank was later replaced by colonel commandant in 1922 and brigadier in 1928. However, those holding the rank of brigadier general continued to do so throughout the inter-war period, until the last of them retired or was promoted during the Second World War. A brigadier general was a general officer, but brigadiers were not generals, which is shown by the rank insignia being like that of a colonel, but with an extra (third) star/pip, and a brigadier wore the same gorget patches (scarlet cloth with a line of crimson gimp), cap badge (the Royal Crest in gold embroidery), and cap visor (one row of gold oakleaf embroidery) as a colonel.
Bangladesh[edit]
Prior to 2001, the Bangladesh Army rank was known as brigadier, in conformity with the rank structure of the Commonwealth Nations. In 2001 the Bangladesh Army introduced the rank of brigadier general, however "the grade stayed equivalent to brigadier", and although classified as a "one-star rank", a brigadier general is not considered to be a general officer – the lowest ranking general officer is Major General. Brigadier general is equivalent to commodore of the Bangladesh Navy and air commodore of the Bangladesh Air Force. It is still more popularly called brigadier.
Belgium[edit]
The Belgian Army uses the rank of général de brigade (French) and brigadegeneraal (Dutch, 'brigade general'). However, in this small military there are no permanent promotions to this rank, and it is only awarded as a temporary promotion to a full colonel who assumes a post requiring the rank, notably in an international context (e.g. as military attaché in a major embassy).
Brazil[edit]
General de brigada (Brigade general) is the lowest rank amongst general officers of the Brazilian Army – i.e. like in most British Commonwealth counties, the lowest general officer rank is a two-star rank, and a General de Brigada wears a two-star insignia. Hence, it is equivalent to the major general rank of many counties. In the Brazilian Air Force, all of the senior ranks include "Brigadeiro" – the two-star rank is Brigadeiro (Brigadier), the three-star rank is Major-Brigadeiro (Major-Brigadier) and the four-star rank is Tenente-Brigadeiro-do-Ar (Lieutenant-Air-Brigadier). (See Military ranks of Brazil and Brigadier#Latin America for more information.)
Burma (Myanmar)[edit]
The rank of brigadier general is known in Burma as bo hmu gyoke and is often the deputy commander of one of Burma's Regional Military Commands, commander of the light infantry division (LID) or Military Operation Commands. In civil service, a brigadier general often holds the office of deputy minister or director general of certain ministries.
Canada[edit]
In the Canadian Forces, the rank of brigadier-general (BGen) (brigadier-général or bgén in French) is a rank for members who wear army or air force uniform, equal to a commodore for those in navy uniform. A brigadier-general is the lowest rank of general officer. A brigadier-general is senior to a colonel or naval captain, and junior to a major-general or rear-admiral.
The rank title brigadier-general is still used notwithstanding that brigades in the army are now commanded by colonels. Until the late 1990s brigades were commanded by brigadier-generals. In the air force context, brigadier-generals used to command air force groups until these bodies were abolished in the late 1990s.
The rank insignia for a brigadier-general on air force uniforms is a single wide braid on the cuff, as well as a single silver maple leaf beneath crossed sabre and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown, worn on the shoulder straps of the service dress jacket, and on slip-ons on other uniforms. The rank insignia on army uniforms is a gold maple leaf beneath crossed sword and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown, on the shoulder straps. On the visor of the service cap are two rows of gold oak leaves; the air force wedge cap features silver braid on the edges of the ear flaps. The cap insignia for a general officer is a modified version of the Canadian Forces insignia. Army brigadier-generals wear gorget patches on the collar of the service uniform tunic.
Brigadier-generals are initially addressed verbally as "General" and name; thereafter by subordinates as "Sir" or "Ma'am" in English or mon général in French. They are normally entitled to staff cars.
Until unification in 1968 of the Royal Canadian Air Force, Canadian Army, and the Royal Canadian Navy, rank structure and insignia followed the British pattern. This system of rank insignia was reinstated in 2014. In army usage, the term "brigadier" was used to denote what is now known as a brigadier-general while the air force used the rank of air commodore.
Chile[edit]
In the Chilean Army, Brigadier is a one-star rank and General de Brigada is the immediately superior two-star rank. While the Chilean Air Force uses Comodoro for its one-star rank, two-star Air Force officers hold the rank of General de Brigada Aérea – literally 'air brigade general'.
Colombia[edit]
The rank of brigadier general is the first general officer rank in the Fuerzas Militares,[1] and the National Police.[2]
Estonia[edit]
In the Estonian military, the rank is called Brigaadikindral.
France[edit]
![](https://web.archive.org/web/20220118152006im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/De_Gaulle-OWI.jpg/180px-De_Gaulle-OWI.jpg)
France uses the rank of "brigade general" (général de brigade). The rank contrasts with the French sub-officer rank of brigadier. As with all French general officers, a French brigade general is titled "general" without any implication that he is an army general; for instance General Charles de Gaulle never rose higher than brigade general.
Until 1793, the rank of brigadier des armées ("brigadier of the armies") existed in the French Army, which could be described as a senior colonel or junior brigade commander. The normal brigade command rank was maréchal de camp (literally "camp marshal"). When rank insignia were introduced, brigadier des armées wore one star and a maréchal de camp wore two stars. During the French Revolution, the revolutionaries' drive to rationalise the state led to a change in the system of ranks. The rank of brigadier des armées was abolished and the normal brigade command rank, maréchal de camp, was replaced by brigade general. The rank of brigade general inherited the two stars of the rank of maréchal de camp, explaining the absence since 1793 of a French rank with only one star.
Nowadays, a French général de brigade generally commands a brigade. The rank can also be awarded in an honorary fashion to retiring colonels. The insignia are two stars, worn on the shoulder or at the sleeve of the uniform, depending on the order of dress. Two different kepis are issued: the service kepi sports the two stars, while the formal kepi features a large band of oak leaves (the kepi of a division general has two smaller such bands).
Charles de Gaulle held the rank of brigade general. He was given a temporary promotion to this rank in May 1940 as commander of the 4th Armoured Division (4e division cuirassée). However his initial authority as head of the Free French really came from being the only cabinet member (Under-Secretary of State for National Defence and War) outside occupied France, not from his military rank. As a reminder of his war position, he refused any further promotion.
Germany[edit]
The equivalent modern German OF6-rank is Brigadegeneral. The concept of a brigadier general rank is relatively new, as prior to 1945 the lowest German general officer OF6-rank was Generalmajor, which was often considered equivalent to brigadier general in other armies.
Iran[edit]
The equivalent rank for brigadier general in the Iranian army and air force is called sar-tip. In Persian the word tip means brigade, and sar means head or commander. After 1987 the rank sar-tip dovom (second brigadier general) was introduced between sar-tip and sar-hang (colonel or literally head of regiment). There is no equivalent for sar-tip dovom in other countries. The rank above sar-tip is sar-lashgar. Lashgar means division so, sar-lashgar means divisional general (major general).
The Iranian Revolutionary Guards also use this rank; the difference is in salutation. One refers an army or air force brigadier general as "amir sar-tip", while a revolutionary guard general is referred to as "sardar sar-tip".
The only branch not using those two ranks is the Iranian Navy. Instead the equivalents are Daryādār and Daryādār Do for the higher and lower rank, respectively, usually translated as Rear Admiral and Rear Admiral 2 (or Flotilla Admiral).
Ireland[edit]
The country is divided into two areas for administrative and operational reasons, and in each area there is an infantry brigade. The two brigade group structure envisages distinct operational areas of responsibility for each of the brigades and is supported in its responsibilities by the Naval Service and Air Corps. Each of the brigade formations and the Air Corps is commanded by a brigadier general, while the Naval Service is commanded by a commodore.
Italy[edit]
In the Italian Armed Forces the rank has different denominations. In the Army, the rank for combat arms officers is generale di brigata whilst for the logistics and technical corps is called brigadier generale. The rank is also present in the other armed forces, police corps and other services of Italy, with different denominations, and it is associated with the lowest level within the government top management.
Japan & Taiwan[edit]
Because no brigadier general rank is used in the armies of various countries including Japan and Taiwan, major general is used as rank for brigade commanders instead. For this reason, the rank designation for a major general in the French Revolutionary System is brigade general, also used in other countries like Brazil and Chile. In that sense, Japan and Taiwan use major general as the equivalent of brigadier general.
Mexico[edit]
In Mexico, general brigadier wears the arms of Mexico with one star, and is the rank below general de brigada who wears as rank insignia the arms of Mexico with two stars.
Nepal[edit]
In Nepal, Brigadier General (Nepali: सहायक रथी) is the lowest ranking general officer sitting between Colonel (Nepali: महासेनानी) and Major General (Nepali: उप रथी), with one star.
Philippines[edit]
In the Philippines, Brigadier General (Philippine Army Philippine Air Force and Philippine Marines)/ Commodore (Philippine Navy and Philippine Coast Guard)/ Chief Superintendent (Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology) / Police Brigadier General (Chief Superintendent before) (Philippine National Police)/ Gial De Brigada (1890-1902) (Philippine Revolutionary Army) is the lowest rank of generals but already eligible in the promotion to become Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines or PNP Chief of the Philippine National Police surpassing the Major General and Lieutenant General ranks.[3]
Poland[edit]
Prior to 2002, the Polish rank of generał brygady was equivalent to both the ranks of major general and brigadier general.
Portugal[edit]
In the Portuguese Army and Air Force, brigadeiro-general is a temporary general rank for the colonels that have to exercise a special command. It is the equivalent of the commodore rank in the Portuguese Navy.
The rank was reintroduced in 1999. Before that, simply as brigadeiro, it existed from 1707 to 1864 and again from 1929 to 1947, not being considered a general rank. From 1947 to 1999, brigadeiro become the two-star general rank in the Portuguese Army. As two-star rank, it was substituted by the rank of major-general in 1999.
Spain[edit]
In the Spanish Army, Spanish Air Force, and Spanish Marine Infantry (Infantería de Marina, a branch of the Armada) general de brigada is the lowest rank of general officers. Its equivalent in the Navy (Armada) is contraalmirante.
Sweden[edit]
In the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and Swedish Amphibious Corps brigadgeneral is the lowest rank of general officers. Its equivalent in the Navy is flottiljamiral.
Turkey[edit]
In the Turkish Army and the Turkish Air Force, the equivalent rank is tuğgeneral (the Turkish Navy equivalent would be tuğamiral). The name is derived from tugay, the Turkish word for a brigade. Both tugay and tuğ- as military terms may owe their origins to the older Turkish word tuğ, meaning horsetail, which was used as a symbol of authority and rank in Ottoman and pre-Ottoman times.
United Kingdom[edit]
Brigadier-general was formerly a rank or appointment in the British Army and Royal Marines, and briefly in the Royal Air Force. The appointment was abolished in both the Army and the Marines in 1921 and the equivalent rank today is simply Brigadier.
United States[edit]
In the United States Army, United States Air Force and United States Marine Corps, a brigadier general is a one-star general officer. It is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral (lower half) in the other uniformed services.
Insignia[edit]
Army insignia[edit]
General de brigada
(Argentine Army)[4]Brigadier general
(Bengali: ব্রিগেডিয়ার জেনারেল, romanized: Brigēḍiẏāra jēnārēla)
(Bangladesh Army)[5]Brigadier general
(Barbados Regiment)Brigadier general
(Belize Defence Force)Général de brigade
(Benin Army)[6]General de brigada
(Bolivian Army)[7]General de brigada
(Brazilian Army)[8]Brigedier jeneral
(Royal Brunei Land Forces)[9]Général de brigade
(Burkina Faso Ground Forces)[10]Général de brigade
(Kirundi: Jenerai wa birigade)
(Burundi Army)[11]Général de brigade
(Cameroon Ground Forces)Brigadier-general
(French: Général de brigade)
(Canadian Army)[12]Général de brigade
(Central African Ground Forces)General de brigada
(Chilean Army)[13]Brigadier general
(Colombian National Army)[14]Général de brigade
(Land Forces of the DR Congo)Général de brigade
(Congolese Ground Forces)[15]General de brigada
(Cuban Revolutionary Army)[16]Général de brigade
(Djiboutian Army)General de brigada
(Dominican Army)[17]General de brigada
(Ecuadorian Army)[18]General de brigada
(Salvadoran Army)[19]General de brigada
(Army of Equatorial Guinea)ብርጋዴር ጄኔራል
Birigadēri jēnērali
(Ethiopian Ground Forces)[20]Général de brigade
(Gabonese Army)Brigadier general
(Gambian National Army)General de brigada
(Guatemalan Army)[21]Général de brigade
(Guinea Ground Forces)Brigadeir-general
(Army of Guinea-Bissau)General de brigada
(Honduran Army)[22]Brigadir jenderal
(Indonesian Army)[23]Général de brigade
(Ivory Coast Ground Forces)[24]Brigadier general
(Liberian Ground Forces)[25]Général de brigade
(Madagascar Ground Forces)[26]Brigedier jeneral
(Malaysian Army)[27]General brigadier
(Mexican Army)[29]General de brigada
(Mexican Army)[29]Бригадын генерал
Brigadyn gyenyeral
(Mongolian Ground Force)[30]Général de brigade
(Royal Moroccan Army)[31]Brigadier general
(Nepali: सहायक रथी, romanized: Sahaayak rathee)
(Nepalese Army)[32]General de brigada
(Nicaraguan Army)[33]Général de brigade
(Niger Army)[34]Brigadier general
(Nigerian Army)[35]General de brigada
(Paraguayan Army)[36]General de brigada
(Peruvian Army)[37]Brigadier general
(Philippine Army)[38]Brigadier general
(Rwandan Land Forces)[39]Général de brigade
(Senegalese Army)Brigadier general
(Singapore Army)[40]Brigadier general
(South African Army)[41]Brigedia jenerali
(Tanzanian Army)Brigadeiro-general
(Timor-Leste Army)Général de brigade
(Togolese Army)[42]Brigadier general
(Trinidad and Tobago Regiment)[43]Général de brigade
(Arabic: أمير لواء, romanized: 'amir liwa')
(Tunisian Army)Brigadier general
(United States Army)[44]General de brigada
(Venezuelan Army)[45]Brigadier general
(Zambian Army)
Air force insignia[edit]
This gallery displays Air Force brigadier general insignia if they are different from the Army brigadier general insignia. (They usually are.)
Note that in many Commonwealth countries, the equivalent air force rank is Air Commodore (and in the Netherlands, it is simply Commodore).[citation needed]
Belgium
Général de Brigade
BrigadegeneraalRoyal Canadian Air Force
(Brigadier General)Chile
(Comodoro)Czech Republic
(Brigádní generál)Denmark
(Brigadegeneral)France
Général de brigade aérienneGreece
(Ταξίαρχος)Hungary
DandártábornokIreland
(Briogáidire-ghinearál)Italy
(Generale di Brigata Aerea)Malaysia
(Brigedier Jeneral)Netherlands
(Commodore)Philippines
Brigadier General
Brigadyer Heneral
General de brigadaSweden
(Brigadgeneral)Ukrainian Air Force
Бригадний генерал
[edit]
Spanish Navy Marines: General de Brigada Ukrainian Marine corps:
Бригадний генерал
Other insignia[edit]
French Gendarmerie: général de brigade French Foreign Legion: général de brigade[note 2]
See also[edit]
- British Army officer rank insignia
- Comparative military ranks
- History of Russian military ranks
- Military unit
- NATO Air Force officers
- NATO Army officers
- U.S. Army officer rank insignia
- United Kingdom and United States military ranks compared
Notes[edit]
- ^ Australian Army rank insignia for 2LT, LT, CAPT, LTCOL, COL, BRIG, MAJGEN and GEN use the Order of the Bath star, which is commonly referred to as a "pip".
- ^ The général de brigade of the French Foreign Legion is the commander of the (entire) Legion.
References[edit]
- ^ Decreto 1428 de 2007 Archived 2009-06-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Decreti 1791 de 2000 (septiembre 14) Archived May 8, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
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- ^ "Grades appellations distinctions". defense.gouv.cg (in French). Ministry of National Defense (Republic of the Congo). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
- ^ "Grados militares". minfar.gob.cu (in Spanish). Ministry of the Revolutionary Armed Forces (Cuba). Retrieved 28 May 2021.
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- ^ "Resolución No. MRL-2012". trabajo.gob.ec (in Spanish). Government of Ecuador. 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
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- ^ Wetaderawī ma‘iregochi # fana k’elemati ወታደራዊ ማዕረጎች # ፋና ቀለማት [Military titles #Fana Colors] (in Amharic). YouTube: Fana Television. 6 December 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
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- ^ "Grados Militares". ccffaa.mil.pe (in Spanish). Joint Command of the Armed Forces of Peru. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
- ^ "Ranks and insignia". army.mil.ph. Philippine Army. Archived from the original on 28 April 2010. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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External links[edit]
The dictionary definition of brigadier general at Wiktionary