And no public act of the General Assembly shall take effect, or be in force until the expiration of sixty days from the end of the session at which the same may be passed, unless in case of emergency, the General Assembly shall otherwise direct.

—it is said the courts should not enforce a legislative act unless there is record evidence, from the journals of the two houses, that every material requirement of the constitution has been satisfied.

While such journals are controlling as regards what the legislature does in respect to the passage of a bill

Judiciary and executive departments cannot command compliance with the provision as to reading bills, but need not enforce laws enacted in violation thereof. People V.

Bills may originate in either House, but may be altered, amended or rejected by the other; and on the final passage of all bills, the vote shall be by ayes and noes, and shall be entered on the journal, and no bill shall become a law, without the concurrence of a majority of all the members elect in each House.

"According to the theory of our legislature, when a bill has become a law, there must he record evidence of every material requirement from its introduction until it becomes a law, and this evidence is found upon the journals of the two houses."

In Illinois the journals control in any conflict between them and the enrolled acts as to the validity thereof.

Bills signed by speakers of both houses and approved by governor will be deemed binding until their invalidity is shown from journals.

[BOOK] A treatise on the rules which govern the interpretation and construction of …

[BOOK] A Commentary on the Interpretations of Statutes

[CITATION] Cases and Materials on Legislation

[CITATION] The University of Illinois Law Forum