"[E] ach State has the power to prescribe the qualifications of its officers and the manner in which they shall be chosen." Id

—which was a proceeding quo warranto, in which the Supreme Court of Nebraska had held that James E. Boyd had not been for two years preceding his election a citizen of the United States, and hence that under the constitution of the State he was not eligible to the office of Governor, this court took jurisdiction because the conclusion of the state court involved the denial …

—at page 170, 12 S. Ct. 375, 385, 36 L. Ed. 103: "Admission on an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatever, involves equality of constitutional right and power, which cannot thereafterwards be controlled, and it also involves the adoption as citizens of the United States of those whom congress makes members of the political community, and who are …

Where, however, state law has made particular federal questions determinative of relations within the structure of state government, not in challenge of it, the Court has resolved such narrow, legally defined questions in proper proceedings.

—cl. 4. 17 "Naturalization" is "the act of adopting a foreigner, and clothing him with the privileges of a native citizen."

But the judicial power of the United States extends to all cases in law or equity arising under the constitution and laws of the United States, and this is a case so arising, since the validity of the state law was drawn in question as repugnant to such constitution and laws, and its validity was sustained.

A state "defines itself as a sovereign" by structuring its government and choosing qualifications for its officeholders.

Premising that if the plaintiff was domiciled in Virginia when this suit was begun, she was a citizen of that state within the meaning of the Constitution, art. 3, § 2, and the Judicial Code of March 3, 1911, chap. 231, 36 Stat. at L. 1087, US Comp. Stat. Supp. 1911, p. 128

In the first of these cases this declaration is made:'Such Indians and persons of Indian descent, so residing upon lands allotted to them in severalty, and upon which the preliminary patents have been issued, are citizens of the United States, and qualified electors of this state.'

—c. 551. 102 "Manifestly the nationality of the inhabitants of territory acquired by conquest or cession becomes that of the government under whose dominion they pass, subject to the right of election on their part to retain their former nationality by removal or otherwise as may be provided."

[CITATION] Aliessa v. Novello