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|[[War in Donbas]] |
|[[War in Donbas]] |
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|After a commencement of hostilities in April 2014, Russian forces invaded [[Donbas]] in August of that year.<ref>{{Cite |
|After a commencement of hostilities in April 2014, Russian forces invaded [[Donbas]] in August of that year.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Snyder |first=Timothy |title=The road to unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America |isbn=978-0-525-57446-0 |edition=First |location=New York, NY |page=191 |oclc=1029484935}}</ref><ref name="de4">{{Cite report |url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR1400/RR1498/RAND_RR1498.pdf |title=Lessons from Russia's Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine |last1=Kofman |first1=Michael |last2=Migacheva |first2=Katya |publisher=RAND Corporation |location=Santa Monica |pages=44 |last3=Nichiporuk |first3=Brian |last4=Radin |first4=Andrew |last5=Tkacheva |first5=Olesya |last6=Oberholtzer |first6=Jenny |year=2017}}</ref> While many Russian soldiers withdrew in September,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harding |first=Luke |author-link=Luke Harding |date=2014-09-10 |title=Ukraine says most Russian troops have moved back across border |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/10/ukraine-russia-troops-border-east-poroshenko |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=[[The Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> multiple ceasefires were declared and broken in the following years. |
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'''Occupation''': Ukraine considers the [[Donetsk People's Republic]] and [[Luhansk People's Republic]] (2014–present), separatist entities nominally independent from Russia, to be part of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. |
'''Occupation''': Ukraine considers the [[Donetsk People's Republic]] and [[Luhansk People's Republic]] (2014–present), separatist entities nominally independent from Russia, to be part of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. |
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Revision as of 20:18, 5 March 2022
Ukraine has been invaded or occupied a number of times throughout its history.
| Conflict | Invasion | Invading force(s) | Year | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukrainian War of Independence and Soviet–Ukrainian War (1917–1921) |
1918 Soviet invasion of Ukraine |  Russian SFSR
|
1918 | Initial fighting in the war lasted from January to June of 1918, ending with the Central Powers' intervention.[1]: 350, 403 |
| 1918 Central Powers intervention in Ukraine |  German Empire Austro-Hungarian Empire
|
Imperial German and Austro-Hungarian forces entered Ukraine to push out the Russians, as part of an agreement with the Ukrainian People's Republic.[1]: 397, 403
Occupation: Ukrainian State (1918), a German-installed government of much of Ukraine. | ||
| 1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine | Russian SFSR
|
1919 | A full-scale invasion began in January 1919.[1]: 364 | |
| World War II (1939–1945) |
Hungaro-Ukrainian War |  Kingdom of Hungary
|
1939 | The Kingdom of Hungary invaded Ukraine and annexed Transcarpathian Ukraine.[1]: 518
Occupation: Governorate of Subcarpathia (1939–1945), an autonomous region including occupied Transcarpathian Ukraine. |
| Operation Barbarossa |  Nazi Germany
|
1941 | Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, including Ukraine,[1]: 453, 460 with assistance from allied Romania.[2]
Occupations:
| |
| Russo-Ukrainian War (2014–present) |
Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation |  Russian Federation
|
2014 | The Russian Federation annexed Crimea from February to March, described by some observers as an invasion[3] and by others as an infiltration.[4]
Occupation: The Republic of Crimea and federal city of Sevastopol (2014–present), claimed by Russia as federal subjects and considered an occupation by the government of Ukraine (as part of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine) and by the United Nations.[5][6] |
| War in Donbas | After a commencement of hostilities in April 2014, Russian forces invaded Donbas in August of that year.[7][8] While many Russian soldiers withdrew in September,[9] multiple ceasefires were declared and broken in the following years.
Occupation: Ukraine considers the Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic (2014–present), separatist entities nominally independent from Russia, to be part of the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. | |||
| 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine |
2022 | Russian forces began a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022.[10] |
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f Subtelny, Orest (1988). Ukraine: A history (3 ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-8282-5. OCLC 288146960.
- ^ a b Solonari, Vladimir (2019). A Satellite Empire: Romanian Rule in Southwestern Ukraine, 1941-1944. Ithaca, New York. ISBN 978-1-5017-4319-1. OCLC 1083701372.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Pifer, Steven (18 March 2019). "Five years after Crimea's illegal annexation, the issue is no closer to resolution". Brookings Institution. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
- ^ Simpson, John (19 March 2014). "Russia's Crimea plan detailed, secret and successful". BBC News. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
The takeover of Crimea has been completely different. This was an infiltration, not an invasion.
- ^ "'Няша' Поклонська обіцяє бійцям 'Беркута' покарати учасників Майдану" ["Nasha" Poklonsky promises to the "Berkut" fighters to punish the participants of the Maidan]. Segodnya (in Ukrainian). 20 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ United Nations. "71/205. Situation of human rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)". undocs.org. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ Snyder, Timothy. The road to unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America (First ed.). New York, NY. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-525-57446-0. OCLC 1029484935.
- ^ Kofman, Michael; Migacheva, Katya; Nichiporuk, Brian; Radin, Andrew; Tkacheva, Olesya; Oberholtzer, Jenny (2017). Lessons from Russia's Operations in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine (PDF) (Report). Santa Monica: RAND Corporation. p. 44.
- ^ Harding, Luke (10 September 2014). "Ukraine says most Russian troops have moved back across border". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
- ^ "Ukraine conflict: Russian forces invade after Putin TV declaration". BBC News. 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.