| Siege of Raisen | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Sur Empire | Raisen Rajputs | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Sher Shah Suri |
Puran Mal  | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | 10,000 Abd al-Qadir Badayuni's claim[1] | ||||||
The siege of Raisen was a six-month siege led by Sher Shah Suri of the Sur Dynasty in 1543 against the Rajput leader, Raja Puran Mal of Chanderi.[2] At the end of the siege, Puran Mal surrendered to Sher Shah and was executed thereafter.[3][4][5][6]
In 1542, Sher Shah had conquered Malwa and proceeded towards Chanderi to annex the region.[2][7] Mal had rebelled because Sher Shah had transferred him to Benares as part of his administration policy.[3][8] Shortly after, Sher Shah besieged the fort, and Puran Mal surrendered in January 1543[9] and was later executed by Sher Shah.[10][11] Historian Abbas Sarwani describes a scene of the battle, stating, "While the Hindus were occupied in putting their women and families to death, the Afghans on all sides commenced the slaughter of the Hindus. Puran Mal and his companions exhibited valor and gallantry, but in the twinkling of an eye, all were slain." Only a few women and children survived. Puran Mal's daughter was given to minstrels to be a dancing girl, while his three nephews were castrated. As an excuse for the treachery, Sher Shah claimed it as revenge for the enslavement of Muslim women and that he had once, when seriously ill, pledged to wipe out the Rajputs of Raisen.[12]
References[edit]
- ^ The Wonder That Is Urdu De Krishna S. Dhir p 58
- ^ a b Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002). History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 181. ISBN 978-81-269-0123-4.
- ^ a b Agrawal, Ashvini (1983). Studies in Mughal History. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 68. ISBN 978-81-208-2326-6.
- ^ Luard, Charles Eckford; Ali (Munshi.), Kudrat (1908). Bhopal State Gazetteer ...: Text and Tables. Superintendent Government Printing, India. p. 114.
- ^ Pal, Vijay Kumar (2023-01-30). JAUHAR: in Indian Sub-Continent. Shashwat Publication. pp. 178–179. ISBN 978-93-93557-80-3.
- ^ Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1950). Sher Shah and His Successors. B. L. Jain. p. 45.
- ^ Bose, Saikat K. (2015-06-20). Boot, Hooves and Wheels: And the Social Dynamics behind South Asian Warfare. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-84464-54-7.
- ^ Mehta, Jl. Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 170. ISBN 978-81-207-1015-3.
- ^ Singh. The Pearson Indian History Manual for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination. Pearson Education India. ISBN 978-81-317-1753-0.
- ^ Kennedy, Pringle (1905). A History of the Great Moghuls: Or, A History of the Badshahate of Delhi from 1398 A.D. to 1739, with an Introduction Concerning the Mongols and Moghuls of Central Asia. Thacker, Spink. p. 212.
- ^ Matta, Basheer Ahmad Khan (2005). Sher Shah Suri: A Fresh Perspective. Oxford University Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-19-597882-7.
- ^ Eraly, Abraham (2002) [First published 1997]. Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals. Penguin Books India. pp. 91–92. ISBN 978-0-14-100143-2.