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Herman Tjeenk Willink receives his assignment as informateur from Speak of the House Vera Bergkamp during the 2021-2022 cabinet formation. He was also informateur during the 1994 (twice), 1999, 2010 and 2017 cabinet formation. As administrative secretary, he was also involved in the 1972 and 1977 cabinet formation.[1]

This is a list of Dutch informateurs, formateurs and scouts who have served in a Dutch cabinet formation since 1848.

The role of informateur has existed since 1951.[2] The position of scout has existed since 2012. The final formateur usually becomes the prime minister after the formation.

List[edit]

Name Starting date Days Role Political affiliation Formation Ref.
Elbert Dijkgraaf 20 March 2024 41 Informateur SGP 2023-2024 [3]
Richard van Zwol CDA
Kim Putters 14 February 2024 30 Informateur PvdA
Ronald Plasterk 13 December 2023 62 Informateur PvdA
28 November 2023 14 Scout
Gom van Strien 24 November 2023 4 Scout PVV
Mark Rutte 16 December 2021 25 Formateur VVD 2021-2022 [4]
Wouter Koolmees 5 October 2021 71 Informateur D66
 
Johan Remkes
  		VVD
7 September 2021 23 Informateur
Mariëtte Hamer 12 May 2021 113 Informateur PvdA
Herman Tjeenk Willink 6 April 2021 24 Informateur PvdA
Tamara van Ark 25 March 2021 8 Scout VVD
Wouter Koolmees D66
Annemarie Jorritsma 18 March 2021 8 Scout VVD
Kajsa Ollongren D66
Mark Rutte 12 October 2017 14 Formateur VVD 2017 [5]
Gerrit Zalm 28 June 2017 105 Informateur VVD
Herman Tjeenk Willink 30 May 2017 29 Informateur PvdA
Edith Schippers 28 March 2017 63 Informateur VVD
16 March 2017 11 Scout
Mark Rutte 31 October 2012 5 Formateur VVD 2012 [6][7]
Wouter Bos 20 September 2012 42 Informateur PvdA
 
Henk Kamp
  		VVD
13 September 2012 6 Scout
Mark Rutte 7 October 2010 8 Formateur VVD 2010 [8][9]
Ivo Opstelten 13 September 2010 25 Informateur VVD
Herman Tjeenk Willink 7 September 2010 7 Informateur PvdA
Ivo Opstelten 4 August 2010 32 Informateur VVD
Ruud Lubbers 21 July 2010 14 Informateur CDA
Uri Rosenthal 5 July 2010 16 Informateur VVD
Jacques Wallage PvdA
Herman Tjeenk Willink 26 June 2010 10 Informateur PvdA
Uri Rosenthal 12 June 2010 14 Informateur VVD
Jan Peter Balkenende 9 February 2007 13 Formateur CDA 2006-2007 [10]
Herman Wijffels 20 December 2006 51 Informateur CDA
Rein Jan Hoekstra 25 November 2006 25 Informateur CDA
Jan Peter Balkenende 5 July 2006 3 Formateur CDA 2006 [11]
Ruud Lubbers 1 July 2006 4 Informateur CDA
Jan Peter Balkenende 20 May 2003 7 Formateur CDA 2003 [12]
Rein Jan Hoekstra 15 April 2003 35 Informateur CDA
Frits Korthals Altes VVD
Frans Leijnse 5 February 2003 66 Informateur PvdA
Piet Hein Donner CDA
24 January 2003 11 Informateur
Jan Peter Balkenende 4 July 2002 18 Formateur CDA 2002 [13]
Piet Hein Donner 17 May 2002 48 Informateur CDA
Herman Tjeenk Willink 22 May 1999 18 Formateur PvdA 1999 [14]
 
Wim Kok
  		20 July 1998 14 Formateur PvdA 1998 [15]
14 May 1998 67 Informateur
Gerrit Zalm VVD
Els Borst D66
Klaas de Vries 8 May 1998 6 Informateur PvdA
Wim Kok 29 July 1994 22 Formateur PvdA 1994 [16]
6 July 1994 23 Informateur
Herman Tjeenk Willink 27 June 1994 9 Informateur PvdA
Jan Vis 14 May 1994 44 Informateur D66
Gijs van Aardenne VVD
Klaas de Vries PvdA
Herman Tjeenk Willink 6 May 1994 8 Informateur PvdA
Ruud Lubbers 27 October 1989 9 Formateur CDA 1989 [17]
13 September 1989 45 Informateur
Jan de Koning 8 September 1989 5 Informateur CDA
Ruud Lubbers 11 July 1986 3 Formateur CDA 1986 [18]
Jan de Koning 23 May 1986 50 Informateur CDA
Ruud Lubbers 30 October 1982 5 Formateur CDA Sep-Nov 1982 [19]
Willem Scholten 1 October 1982 29 Informateur CDA
Jos van Kemenade 10 September 1982 21 Informateur PvdA
Dries van Agt 25 May 1982 4 Formateur CDA May-Jun 1982 [20]
Piet Steenkamp 14 May 1982 12 Informateur CDA
Cees de Galan 16 October 1981 19 Informateur PvdA 1981 [21]
Victor Halberstadt PvdA
Dries van Agt 2 September 1981 9 Formateur CDA
Wilhelm Friedrich de Gaay Fortman 20 August 1981 13 Informateur CDA
Sjeng Kremers 4 August 1981 16 Formateur CDA
Ed van Thijn PvdA
10 July 1981 25 Informateur
Ruud Lubbers 30 May 1981 66 Informateur CDA
Jan de Koning CDA
Dries van Agt 8 December 1977 11 Formateur CDA 1977 [22]
Wim van der Grinten 8 November 1977 29 Informateur CDA
Joop den Uyl 26 October 1977 10 Formateur PvdA
Maarten Vrolijk 11 October 1977 15 Informateur PvdA
Koos Verdam CDA
Joop den Uyl 2 September 1977 35 Formateur PvdA
Gerard Veringa CDA
26 August 1977 7 Informateur
Joop den Uyl 27 July 1977 30 Formateur PvdA
Wil Albeda 20 July 1977 7 Informateur CDA
Joop den Uyl 1 June 1977 45 Formateur PvdA
Jaap Burger 23 April 1973 18 Formateur PvdA 1972-1973 [23]
Marinus Ruppert ARP
Dries van Agt 10 April 1973 13 Informateur KVP
Wil Albeda ARP
Jaap Burger 1 February 1973 62 Formateur PvdA
Marinus Ruppert 4 December 1972 58 Informateur ARP
Barend Biesheuvel 22 July 1972 18 Formateur ARP 1972 [24][25]
Barend Biesheuvel 21 June 1971 15 Formateur ARP 1971 [26]
Piet Steenkamp 15 May 1971 37 Informateur KVP
Piet de Jong 21 March 1967 14 Formateur KVP 1967 [27]
Barend Biesheuvel 9 March 1967 12 Formateur ARP
Louis Beel 6 March 1967 3 Informateur[a] KVP
Jelle Zijlstra 18 February 1967 15 Informateur ARP
Jelle Zijlstra 16 November 1966 6 Formateur ARP 1966 [29]
Louis Beel 4 November 1966 12 Informateur KVP
Norbert Schmelzer 18 October 1966 17 Informateur KVP
Jo Cals 15 March 1965 29 Formateur KVP 1965 [30]
Norbert Schmelzer 2 March 1965 11 Informateur KVP
Victor Marijnen 16 July 1963 8 Formateur KVP 1963 [31]
Jan de Quay 5 July 1963 11 Formateur KVP
Louis Beel 28 June 1963 7 Informateur KVP
Wim de Kort 6 June 1963 21 Formateur KVP
Carl Romme 20 May 1963 16 Informateur KVP
Wilhelm Friedrich de Gaay Fortman 27 December 1960 6 Informateur ARP 1960-1961 [32]
Jan de Quay 14 May 1959 5 Formateur KVP 1959 [33]
Louis Beel 1 May 1959 13 Informateur KVP
Jan de Quay 28 March 1959 30 Formateur KVP
Louis Beel 14 March 1959 13 Informateur KVP
Louis Beel 19 December 1958 3 Formateur KVP 1958 [34]
12 December 1958 7 Informateur
Willem Drees 9 October 1956 3 Formateur PvdA 1956 [35]
Jaap Burger 20 September 1956 19 Informateur PvdA
Wilhelm Friedrich de Gaay Fortman 22 August 1956 25 Informateur ARP
Piet Lieftinck 16 August 1956 5 Informateur PvdA
7 August 1956 9 Informateur PvdA
Carl Romme 24 June 1956 9 Formateur KVP
Willem Drees 16 June 1956 38 Formateur PvdA
Jaap Burger 25 May 1955 9 Formateur PvdA 1955 [36]
Willem Drees 29 August 1952 4 Formateur PvdA 1952 [37]
Cornelis Staf 22 August 1952 5 Formateur CHU
Leendert Antonie Donker 5 August 1952 17 Formateur PvdA
Louis Beel 23 July 1952 13 Informateur KVP
Willem Drees 27 June 1952 26 Formateur PvdA
Carl Romme 13 March 1951 2 Formateur KVP 1951 [38]
27 February 1951 15 Informateur
Max Steenberghe 18 February 1951 7 Formateur KVP
Willem Drees 1 February 1951 16 Formateur PvdA
Josef van Schaik KVP
Dirk Stikker 28 January 1951 5 Informateur VVD
Josef van Schaik 30 July 1948 8 Formateur KVP 1948 [39][40]
Louis Beel 22 July 1948 8 Formateur KVP
13 July 1948 10 Formateur[b]
Louis Beel 27 May 1946 36 Formateur KVP 1946 [41]
Pieter Gerbrandy 8 February 1945 15 Formateur ARP 1945
Pieter Gerbrandy 1 July 1941 26 Formateur ARP 1941 [42]
Pieter Gerbrandy 28 August 1940 3 Formateur ARP 1940 [42]
Dirk Jan de Geer 4 August 1939 6 Formateur CHU Aug 1939 [43]
Hendrik Colijn 14 July 1939 12 Formateur ARP Jun-Jul 1939 [44]
Dionysius Koolen 9 July 1939 6 Formateur RKSP
Hendrik Colijn 30 June 1939 10 Formateur ARP
Hendrik Colijn 30 May 1937 25 Formateur ARP 1937 [45]
Hendrik Colijn 29 July 1935 2 Formateur ARP 1935 [46]
Piet Aalberse 26 July 1935 2 Formateur RKSP
Hendrik Colijn 16 May 1933 11 Formateur ARP 1933 [47]
2 May 1933 15 Formateur
Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck 3 August 1929 7 Formateur RKSP 1929 [48]
12 July 1929 18 Formateur
Dirk Jan de Geer 1 March 1926 4 Formateur CHU 1925-1926 [49]
Joseph Limburg 23 January 1926 35 Formateur VDB[c]
Johannes Theodoor de Visser 12 December 1925 42 Formateur CHU
Johannes Theodoor de Visser 8 December 1925 4 Formateur CHU
Henri Marchant 24 November 1925 8 Formateur VDB
Hendrik Colijn 15 July 1925 18 Formateur ARP 1925 [51]
Herman Adriaan van Karnebeek 4 January 1924 3 Formateur liberal 1923-1924 [52]
Frans Beelaerts van Blokland 24 November 1923 12 Formateur CHU
Dionysius Koolen 15 November 1923 10 Formateur RKSP
Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck 22 July 1922 49 Formateur RKSP 1922 [52]
Dirk Jan de Geer 19 July 1922 4 Formateur CHU
Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck 22 June 1921 35 Formateur RKSP 1921 [53]
Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck 29 August 1918 9 Formateur RKSP 1918 [54]
Willem Hubert Nolens 13 July 1918 38 Formateur RKSP
Pieter Cort van der Linden 2 August 1913 27 Formateur liberal 1913 [55]
Dirk Bos 11 July 1913 15 Formateur VDB
Theo Heemskerk 16 January 1908 27 Formateur ARP 1907-1908 [56]
Pieter Cort van der Linden 17 March 1907 5 Formateur liberal 1907
Jan Elias Nicolaas Schimmelpenninck van der Oye 27 February 1907 3 Formateur CHU
Hendrik Goeman Borgesius 14 July 1905 34 Formateur LU 1905 [57]
Abraham Kuyper 11 July 1901 15 Formateur ARP 1901 [58]
Nicolaas Pierson 13 July 1897 10 Formateur LU 1897 [59]
Joan Röell 4 May 1894 4 Formateur liberal 1894 [60]
Gijsbert van Tienhoven 26 July 1891 22 Formateur liberal 1891 [61]
Æneas Mackay 4 April 1888 15 Formateur ARP 1888 [62]
Jan Heemskerk 29 March 1883 23 Formateur liberal 1883 [63]
Johan George Gleichman 19 March 1883 5 Formateur liberal
Otto van Rees 12 March 1883 7 Formateur liberal
Jan Heemskerk 4 March 1883 9 Formateur liberal
Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg 8 August 1882 5 Formateur conservative 1882 [64]
Johannes Tak van Poortvliet 31 July 1882 9 Formateur liberal
Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg 3 July 1882 5 Formateur conservative
Eppo Cremers 12 July 1879 11 conservative 1879 [65]
Isaäc Dignus Fransen van de Putte liberal
Gerrit de Vries liberal
Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg 24 July 1879 9 Formateur conservative
Jan Kappeyne van de Coppello 16 October 1877 17 Formateur liberal 1877 [66]
Jan Heemskerk 14 July 1874 43 Formateur liberal 1874 [67]
Gerrit de Vries 25 June 1872 10 Formateur liberal 1872 [68]
Johan Rudolph Thorbecke 1 December 1870 33 Formateur liberal 1870-1871 [69]
Cornelis Fock 24 November 1870 5 Formateur liberal
Lodewijk Gerard Brocx liberal
Johan Rudolph Thorbecke 23 May 1868 11 Formateur liberal 1868 [70]
Æneas Mackay Sr. 17 May 1868 5 Formateur antirevolutionary
Gerlach Cornelis Joannes van Reenen 4 May 1868 5 Formateur conservative
Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg 29 April 1868 4 Formateur conservative
Æneas Mackay Sr. 17 April 1868 2 Formateur anti-revolutionary
Jules van Zuylen van Nijevelt 24 May 1866 7 Formateur anti-revolutionary May-Jun 1866 [71]
Isaäc Dignus Fransen van de Putte 29 January 1866 7 Formateur liberal Jan-Feb 1866 [72]
Johan Rudolph Thorbecke 16 January 1862 15 Formateur liberal 1862 [73]
Gerlach Cornelis Joannes van Reenen 2 January 1862 14 Formateur conservative
Jan Karel van Goltstein conservative
Jules van Zuylen van Nijevelt 12 March 1861 3 Formateur anti-revolutionary 1861 [74]
Jan Jacob Rochussen 16 February 1861 24 Formateur conservative
Schelto van Heemstra conservative
Schelto van Heemstra 21 February 1860 3 Formateur conservative 1860 [75]
Floris Adriaan van Hall 17 February 1860 4 Formateur liberal
Jan Jacob Rochussen 3 March 1858 16 Formateur conservative 1858 [76]
Justinus van der Brugghen 1 June 1856 30 Formateur anti-revolutionary 1856 [77]
Floris Adriaan van Hall 16 April 1853 3 Formateur liberal 1853 [78]
Johan Rudolph Thorbecke 27 October 1849 3 Formateur liberal 1849 [79]
Jan Nedermeijer van Rosenthal liberal
Leonardus Antonius Lightenvelt 20 September 1849 37 Formateur conservative
Dirk Donker Curtius liberal
Gerrit Schimmelpenninck 23 March 1848 1 Formateur liberal 1848 [80]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Formally as advisor to the queen.[28]
  2. ^ Sources from that time refer to him as formateur. However, Parlement.com describes him as informateur.
  3. ^ His party did not participate in the negotiations. Some in his party criticised his appointment, which led hem to leave the part.[50]

Sources[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Herman Tjeenk Willink, voorstander van een akkoord op hoofdlijnen". Nederlandse Omroep Stichting. 30 May 2020. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  2. ^ van Baalen, Carla (20 April 2011). "De kabinetsformatie en de instituties: 1. De Tweede Kamer" [The cabinet formation and the institutions: 1. The House of Representatives] (PDF). Den Haag. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  3. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2023-2024". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  4. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2021". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  5. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2017". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  6. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2012". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  7. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 403–446.
  8. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2010". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  9. ^ Van Baalen & Van Kessel 2016, pp. 447–510.
  10. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2006-2007". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  11. ^ "Kabinetsformatie July 2006". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  12. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2003". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  13. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 2002". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  14. ^ "Kabinetscrisis 1999: de Nacht van Wiegel". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  15. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1998". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  16. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1994". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  17. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1989". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  18. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1986". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  19. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1982". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  20. ^ "Kabinet-Van Agt III (1982)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  21. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1981". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  22. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1977". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  23. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1972-1973". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  24. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1972". Parlement.com. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  25. ^ "Mr. B.W. (Barend) Biesheuvel". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 2023-12-12.
  26. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1971". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  27. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1967". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  28. ^ "Dr. L.J.M. (Louis) Beel". Archived from the original on 20 December 2022.
  29. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1966". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  30. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1965". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  31. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1963". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  32. ^ "Mr. W.F. de Gaay Fortman". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 25 December 2023.
  33. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1959". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  34. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1958". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  35. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1956". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  36. ^ "Mr. J.A.W. (Jaap) Burger". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 25 December 2023.
  37. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1952". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  38. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1951". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  39. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1948". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  40. ^ Duynstee 1966, pp. 16–23.
  41. ^ "Kabinetsformatie 1946" [Cabinet formation 1946]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  42. ^ a b "Kabinet-Gerbrandy I en II (1940-1945)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  43. ^ "Kabinet-De Geer II (1939-1940)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  44. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn V (1939)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  45. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn IV (1937-1939)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  46. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn III (1935-1937)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  47. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn II (1933-1935)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  48. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III (1929-1933)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  49. ^ "Kabinet-De Geer I (1926-1929)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2022-07-06. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  50. ^ "Achtergrond: een informateur van een niet-deelnemende partij" [Background: an informateur from a non-participating party.]. Parlement.com (in Dutch). 13 December 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
  51. ^ "Kabinet-Colijn I (1925-1926)". Parlement.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  52. ^ a b "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II (1922-1925)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  53. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I (1918-1922)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  54. ^ "Kabinet-Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I (1918-1922)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  55. ^ "Kabinet-Cort van der Linden (1913-1918)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  56. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk (1908-1913)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  57. ^ "Kabinet-De Meester (1905-1908)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  58. ^ "Kabinet-Kuyper (1901-1905)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  59. ^ "Kabinet-Pierson (1897-1901)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  60. ^ "Kabinet-Röell (1894-1897)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  61. ^ "Kabinet-Van Tienhoven (1891-1894)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  62. ^ "Kabinet-Mackay (1888-1891)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  63. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk Azn. (1883-1888)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  64. ^ "Kabinet-Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879-1883)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  65. ^ "Kabinet-Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879-1883)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  66. ^ "Kabinet-Kappeyne van de Coppello (1877-1879)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  67. ^ "Kabinet-Heemskerk/Van Lynden van Sandenburg (1874-1877)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  68. ^ "Kabinet-De Vries/Fransen van de Putte (1872-1874)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 May 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  69. ^ "Kabinet-Thorbecke III (1871-1872)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  70. ^ "Kabinet-Van Bosse/Fock (1868-1871)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  71. ^ "Kabinet-Van Zuylen van Nijevelt (1866-1868)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  72. ^ "Kabinet-Fransen van de Putte (1866)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  73. ^ "Kabinet-Thorbecke II (1862-1866)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  74. ^ "Kabinet-Van Zuylen van Nijevelt/Van Heemstra (1861-1862)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  75. ^ "Kabinet-Van Hall/Van Heemstra (1860-1861)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  76. ^ "Kabinet-Rochussen (1858-1860)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  77. ^ "Kabinet-Van der Brugghen (1856-1858)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  78. ^ "Kabinet-Van Hall/Donker Curtius (1853-1856)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  79. ^ "Kabinet-Thorbecke I (1849-1853)". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  80. ^ "G. (Gerrit) graaf Schimmelpenninck". Parlement.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Dutch_(in)formateurs_and_scouts

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