Content deleted Content added
added area and population information and provided 1st footnote. removed {{unreferenced|date=January 2008}} |
|||
| (121 intermediate revisions by 70 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{redirect|Wuchang}} |
|||
{{Infobox Settlement |
|||
<!-- Basic info ----------------> |
|||
|name =Wuchang District |
|||
|official_name = |
|||
|other_name = |
|||
|native_name = |
|||
|nickname = |
|||
|settlement_type =[[District (China)|District]] |
|||
|total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --> |
|||
|motto = |
|||
|translit_lang1=[[Chinese language|Chinese]] |
|||
|translit_lang1_type=[[Simplified Chinese character|Simplified]] |
|||
|translit_lang1_info=武昌区 |
|||
|translit_lang1_type1=[[Traditional Chinese character|Traditional]] |
|||
|translit_lang1_info1=武昌區 |
|||
|translit_lang1_type2=[[Pinyin]] |
|||
|translit_lang1_info2=Wǔchāng Qū |
|||
<!-- images and maps -----------> |
|||
|image_skyline = |
|||
|imagesize = |
|||
|image_caption = |
|||
|image_flag = |
|||
|flag_size = |
|||
|image_seal = |
|||
|seal_size = |
|||
|image_shield = |
|||
|shield_size = |
|||
|image_blank_emblem = |
|||
|blank_emblem_type = |
|||
|blank_emblem_size = |
|||
|image_map = |
|||
|mapsize = |
|||
|map_caption = |
|||
|image_map1 = |
|||
|mapsize1 = |
|||
|map_caption1 = |
|||
|image_dot_map = |
|||
|dot_mapsize = |
|||
|dot_map_caption = |
|||
|dot_x = |dot_y = |
|||
|pushpin_map = <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |
|||
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |
|||
|pushpin_map_caption = |
|||
|pushpin_mapsize = |
|||
<!-- Location ------------------> |
|||
|subdivision_type = Country |
|||
|subdivision_name = [[People's Republic of China|China]] |
|||
|subdivision_type1 = [[Province (China)|Province]] |
|||
|subdivision_name1 = [[Hubei]] |
|||
|subdivision_type2 = [[Prefecture-level city|Prefecture]] |
|||
|subdivision_name2 = [[Wuhan]] |
|||
|seat_type = |
|||
|seat = |
|||
|parts_type = |
|||
|parts_style = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format) |
|||
Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5--> |
|||
|parts = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list --> |
|||
|p1 = |
|||
|p2 = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed--> |
|||
<!-- Politics -----------------> |
|||
|government_footnotes = |
|||
|government_type = |
|||
|leader_title = |
|||
|leader_name = |
|||
|leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |
|||
|leader_name1 = |
|||
|leader_title2 = |
|||
|leader_name2 = |
|||
|leader_title3 = |
|||
|leader_name3 = |
|||
|leader_title4 = |
|||
|leader_name4 = |
|||
|established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
|||
|established_date = |
|||
|established_title1 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |
|||
|established_date1 = |
|||
|established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |
|||
|established_date2 = |
|||
|established_title3 = |
|||
|established_date3 = |
|||
|founder = |
|||
|named_for = |
|||
<!-- Area ---------------------> |
|||
|area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> |
|||
|unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric--> |
|||
|area_footnotes = |
|||
|area_total_km2 =82.4<!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |
|||
|area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion--> |
|||
|area_water_km2 = |
|||
|area_total_dunam = <!--Used in Middle East articles only--> |
|||
|area_total_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_land_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_water_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_water_percent = |
|||
|area_urban_km2 = |
|||
|area_urban_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_metro_km2 = |
|||
|area_metro_sq_mi = |
|||
|area_blank1_title = |
|||
|area_blank1_km2 = |
|||
|area_blank1_sq_mi = |
|||
<!-- Elevation --------------------------> |
|||
|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> |
|||
|elevation_m = |
|||
|elevation_ft = |
|||
|elevation_max_m = |
|||
|elevation_max_ft = |
|||
|elevation_min_m = |
|||
|elevation_min_ft = |
|||
<!-- Population -----------------------> |
|||
|population_as_of = |
|||
|population_footnotes = |
|||
|population_note = |
|||
|population_total =1003400 |
|||
|population_density_km2 =auto <!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto --> |
|||
|population_density_sq_mi = |
|||
|population_metro = |
|||
|population_density_metro_km2 = |
|||
|population_density_metro_sq_mi = |
|||
|population_urban = |
|||
|population_density_urban_km2 = |
|||
|population_density_urban_sq_mi = |
|||
|population_blank1_title = |
|||
|population_blank1 = |
|||
|population_density_blank1_km2 = |
|||
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |
|||
<!-- General information ---------------> |
|||
|timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]] |
|||
|utc_offset = +8 |
|||
|timezone_DST = |
|||
|utc_offset_DST = |
|||
| coor_type = <!-- can be used to specify what the coordinates refer to --> |
|||
|latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS= |
|||
|longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW= |
|||
<!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |
|||
|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |
|||
|postal_code = |
|||
|area_code = |
|||
|blank_name = |
|||
|blank_info = |
|||
|blank1_name = |
|||
|blank1_info = |
|||
|blank2_name = |
|||
|blank2_info = |
|||
|blank3_name = |
|||
|blank3_info = |
|||
|blank4_name = |
|||
|blank4_info = |
|||
|blank5_name = |
|||
|blank5_info = |
|||
|blank6_name = |
|||
|blank6_info = |
|||
|website = http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/ |
|||
|footnotes = |
|||
}} |
|||
'''Wuchang District''' ({{zh-cp|c=武昌区|p=Wǔchāng Qū}}) is one of the three towns, together with [[Hankou]] and [[Hanyang]], which are included in modern day [[Wuhan]], the capital of the [[Hubei]] province, in [[China]]. Along with the other two sister towns, it stands at the mouth of the [[Han River (Hanshui)|Han River]], and is situated on the right bank of the [[Yangtze River]]. The Wuchang fish (''[[Megalobrama amblycephala]]''; {{zh-cp|c=武昌鱼|p=Wǔchāng yú}}) is named for the town. |
|||
{{stack begin}} |
|||
It has an area of 82.4 square kilometers and a population of 1,003,400.<ref>{{zh}} [http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/cmsnewweb/WCOverview.aspx Profile of Wuchang District], official website of Wuchang District Government, visited on April 19, 2008.</ref> |
|||
{{Infobox settlement |
|||
| name = Wuchang |
|||
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|武昌区}}}} |
|||
| official_name = |
|||
| other_name = Wu-Chang |
|||
| settlement_type = [[District (China)|District]] |
|||
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]] |
|||
| image_skyline = 东湖远眺武昌 - panoramio.jpg |
|||
| image_caption = East Lake overlooking Wuchang |
|||
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=10}} |
|||
| pushpin_map = China Hubei |
|||
| pushpin_label = Wuchang |
|||
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Hubei |
|||
| subdivision_type = Country |
|||
| subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |
|||
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of China|Province]] |
|||
| subdivision_name1 = [[Hubei]] |
|||
| subdivision_type2 = [[Sub-provincial city]] |
|||
| subdivision_name2 = [[Wuhan]] |
|||
| subdivision_type3 = Subdivisions |
|||
| subdivision_name3 = |
|||
| area_footnotes = <ref name="stats yearbook">{{cite web|title=Wuhan Statistical Yearbook 2010|url=http://www.whtj.gov.cn/documents/tjnj2010.pdf|publisher=Wuhan Statistics Bureau|access-date=2011-07-30|page=15}}</ref> |
|||
| area_total_km2 = 87.42 |
|||
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census2010">{{cite web |script-title=zh:武汉市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报|url=http://www.whtj.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.aspx?id=6417|publisher=Wuhan Statistics Bureau |language=zh-hans |date=2011-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025103716/http://www.whtj.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.aspx?id=6417|archive-date=2011-10-25}} Retrieved 2011-06-11.</ref> |
|||
| population_total = 1199127 |
|||
| population_as_of = 2010 |
|||
| population_density_km2 = 13717 |
|||
| coordinates_footnotes = <ref>{{Google maps|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Wuchang,+Wuhan,+Hubei/@30.561934,114.3403674,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x342eaf978840440d:0x2109edeb11bec27e|title=Wuchang|access-date=2014-07-02}}</ref> |
|||
| coordinates = {{coord|30.5619|N|114.3404|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-42|format=dms|display=it}} |
|||
| elevation_ft = |
|||
| elevation_m = |
|||
| timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]] |
|||
| utc_offset = +8 |
|||
| website = {{URL|www.wuchang.gov.cn|武昌区政府门户网站 (translation: Wuchang District Government Web Portal}} (in Simplified Chinese) |
|||
| blank_name_sec1 = Wuhan district map |
|||
| blank_info_sec1 = {{Wuhan districts}} |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Infobox Chinese |
|||
| pic = Image:Changchun-Temple-San-Huang-Dian-0338.jpg |
|||
| piccap = Changchun Temple |
|||
| t = {{linktext|武昌}} |
|||
| p = Wǔchāng |
|||
| w = Wu-ch‘ang |
|||
| c = |
|||
| s = |
|||
| j = |
|||
| mi = |
|||
| ci = |
|||
| altname = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{stack end}} |
|||
'''Wuchang''' is one of 13 urban [[District (China)|districts]] of the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Wuhan]], the capital of [[Hubei|Hubei Province]], [[China]]. It is the oldest of the three cities that merged into modern-day Wuhan, and stood on the right (southeastern) bank of the [[Yangtze]] River, opposite the mouth of the [[Hanshui|Han River]]. The two other cities, [[Hanyang District|Hanyang]] and [[Hankou District|Hankou]], were on the left (northwestern) bank, separated from each other by the Han River. |
|||
The name "Wuchang" remains in common use for the part of urban Wuhan south of the Yangtze River. Administratively, however, it is split between several districts of the City of Wuhan. The historic center of Wuchang lies within the modern Wuchang District, which has an area of {{convert|82.4|km2}} and a population of 1,003,400.<ref>{{cite web|language=zh|url=http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/cmsnewweb/WCOverview.aspx|title=Profile of Wuchang District|publisher=official website of Wuchang District Government|access-date=2008-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080324043646/http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/cmsnewweb/WCOverview.aspx|archive-date=2008-03-24}}</ref> Other parts of what is colloquially known as Wuchang are within [[Hongshan District, Wuhan|Hongshan District]] (south and south-east) and [[Qingshan District, Wuhan|Qingshan District]] (north-east). Presently, on the right bank of the Yangtze, it borders the districts of Qingshan (for a very small section) to the northeast and Hongshan to the east and south; on the opposite bank it borders [[Jiang'an District|Jiang'an]], [[Jianghan District|Jianghan]] and [[Hanyang District|Hanyang]]. |
|||
On 10 October 1911, the [[New Army]] stationed in the city started the [[Wuchang Uprising]], a turning point of the [[Xinhai Revolution]] that overthrew the [[Qing dynasty]] and established the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]. |
|||
==History== |
==History== |
||
[[File:Du Halde, map of Wuchang.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The map of "Vou-chang-fou" in [[Du Halde]]'s 1736 ''[[Description of China]]'', based on reports from the [[Jesuit China missions|Jesuit mission]]]] |
|||
===The old Wuchang county=== |
===The old Wuchang county=== |
||
See also |
{{See also|Ezhou}} |
||
In 221, warlord [[Sun Quan]] moved the capital of [[Eastern Wu]] from [[Gong'an]] county, [[Jingzhou]] (northwest of present-day Gong'an county, Hubei) to [[È]] county (in present-day [[Ezhou]] City), and renamed È to Wuchang (literally ''prospering from military'', regarding its [[logistics]] role of the [[military base]]s established before the [[Battle of Red Cliffs]]). Later in the year [[Cao Pi]] proclaimed himself the emperor of [[Cao Wei]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}} Sun Quan declared independence in the following year, and started to build forts and palaces in Wuchang. Sun Quan proclaimed himself the emperor of Eastern Wu in 229, and moved the capital to [[Jiankang|Jianye]]. [[Sun Hao]], the emperor of Eastern Wu between 264 and 280, moved the capital back to Wuchang in 265. In 589, the Wuchang [[Commandery (China)|commandery]] was abolished and the Wuchang county was transferred to a new commandery named Ezhou (headquartered in present-day Wuchang District), and remained in the administration since then. |
|||
===The present day Wuchang town=== |
|||
The Wuchang [[Commandery (China)|commandery]] was set up when È was renamed to Wuchang, and included six counties. In 223 the commandery was renamed to [[Jiangxia District|Jiangxia]], and the capital of the commandery moved to Xiakou (in present-day Wuchang town). The name of the town was switched back and forth between Wuchang and Jiangxia several times in the following centuries. The present-day version of [[Wuying Pagoda]], the oldest standing architecture in Hubei Province, was built around the time of fall of the Southern Song Dynasty. After 1301, the Wuchang [[prefecture]], headquartered in the town, became the capital of [[Hubei]] province. |
|||
During the [[Taiping Rebellion]], Wuchang and the surrounding area changed hands several times after the Taiping capture of the city in the [[Battle of Wuchang]] (1852). |
|||
At the end of the [[Qing Dynasty|Qing]] Empire, the Wuchang Prefecture ({{linktext|lang=zh|武昌|府}}, then transcribed as 'Ou-tchang-fou') was the capital of the combined provinces of [[Hubei]] and [[Hunan]], called the 'two Hu' or ''[[Huguang Viceroyalty]]''. It was the seat of the provincial government of Huguang, at the head of which was a [[viceroy of Huguang]]. Next to [[Nanjing]] and [[Guangzhou]], it was one of the most important vice-royalties in the empire.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}} |
|||
It possessed an arsenal and a mint. The provincial government established [[iron]]works for the manufacture of rails and other [[railway]] material. As the works did not pay under official management, they were transferred to the director-general of railways. Wuchang was not open to foreign trade and residence, but a considerable number of [[missionaries]], both [[Roman Catholic]] and [[Protestant]], lived within the walls. The native population was estimated at 800,000 around 1911, including cities on both banks. At that time, Wuchang was an important junction on the trunk railway from [[Beijing]] to Guangzhou; and was on the route of the [[Sichuan]] railway. |
|||
In [[221]], warlord [[Sun Quan]] moved the capital of [[Eastern Wu]] from [[Gong'an]] county, [[Jingzhou]] (northwest of present day [[Gong'an]] county, [[Hubei]]) to [[È]] county (in present day [[Ezhou]] City), and renamed È to Wuchang (literally ''prospering from military'', regarding its [[logistics]] role of the [[military base]]s established before the [[Battle of Red Cliffs]]). Later in the year [[Cao Pi]] proclaimed himself the emperor of [[Cao Wei]]. Sun Quan declared independence in the following year, and started to build forts and palaces in Wuchang. Sun Quan proclaimed himself the emperor of Eastern Wu in [[229]], and moved the capital to [[Jianye]]. [[Sun Hao]], the emperor of Eastern Wu between [[264]] and [[280]], moved the capital back to Wuchang in [[265]]. In 589, the Wuchang [[commandery]] was abolished and the Wuchang county was transferred to a new commandery named Ezhou (headquartered in present day Wuchang District), and remained in the administration since then. |
|||
In Wuchang on October 10, 1911, a revolt broke out against the Qing Dynasty. This event, now called the [[Wuchang Uprising]] and celebrated as [[Double Ten Day]], was the catalyst that started the [[Xinhai Revolution]], which led to the development of the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]. |
|||
===The present day Wuchang town=== |
|||
The Wuchang [[commandery]] was setup when È was renamed to Wuchang, and included six counties. In 223 the commandery was renamed to [[Jiangxia]], and the capital of the commandery moved to Xiakou (in present day Wuchang town). The name of the town was switched back and forth between Wuchang and Jiangxia several times in the following centuries. After 1301, the Wuchang [[prefecture]], headquartered in the town, became the capital of [[Hubei]] province. |
|||
In 1912, the Wuchang prefecture was abolished and a new Wuchang county (just next to the Wuchang county in the Ezhou city) was created. In 1926 the Wuchang town was promoted to a city, and merged with [[Hankou District|Hankou]] and [[Hanyang District|Hanyang]] to form a new city named [[Wuhan]]. |
|||
[[File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nh50-5.jpg|left|thumb|Map including Wuchang (labeled WU-CH'ANG {{lang|zh|武昌}}) (1953)]] |
|||
After 1949, the more urban part of the Wuchang County was absorbed into the new Wuhan City and was administratively partitioned into Wuchang, [[Qingshan District, Wuhan|Qingshan]] and [[Hongshan District, Wuhan|Hongshan]] districts, while the remaining, mostly rural, southern part retained the name of Wuchang County. In 1995, Wuchang County became [[Jiangxia District]] of Wuhan. |
|||
==Geography== |
|||
It possessed an arsenal and a mint. The provincial government established [[iron]]works for the manufacture of rails and other [[railway]] material. As the works did not pay under official management, they were transferred to the director-general of railways. Wuchang was not open to foreign trade and residence, but a considerable number of [[missionaries]], both [[Roman Catholic]] and [[Protestant]], lived within the walls. The native population was estimated at 800,000 around [[1911]], including cities on both banks. At that time, Wuchang was an important junction on the trunk railway from [[Beijing]] to Guangzhou; and was on the route of the [[Sichuan]] railway. |
|||
===Administrative divisions=== |
|||
Wuchang District administers:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/wcqzfzz/cqqsbmyjsjsgjfyjsxx/index.html |script-title=zh:武汉市武昌区区属部门预决算及“三公”经费预决算信息 | language = zh-hans|publisher=Wuchang District People's Government |quote={{lang|zh-hans|石洞街 杨园街 徐家棚街 积玉桥街 中华路街 粮道街 黄鹤楼街 紫阳街 白沙洲街 首义路街 中南路街 水果湖街 珞珈山街 南湖街}} |access-date=27 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/hb/15274.html |script-title=zh:武昌区历史沿革 |trans-title=Historical Development of Wuchang District | language = zh-hans|publisher=XZQH.org |quote={{lang|zh-hans|2010年第六次人口普查，武昌区常住总人口1214287人，其中：积玉桥街道60323人，杨园街道109485人，徐家棚街道123918人，粮道街道64704人，中华路街道44262人，黄鹤楼街道60909人，紫阳街道61135人，白沙洲街道76226人，首义路街道69562人，中南路街道216216人，水果湖街道178628人，珞珈山街道75128人，石洞街道6664人，南湖街道52596人，东湖风景区街道（武昌）14531人。}} |date=7 July 2014|access-date=27 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="statwc">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2017/42/01/420106.html |script-title=zh:2017年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：武昌区 |trans-title=2017 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Wuchang District |publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] |date=2017 |access-date=20 October 2018 |quote={{lang|zh-hans|统计用区划代码 名称 420106001000 积玉桥街办事处 420106002000 杨园街办事处 420106003000 徐家棚街办事处 420106005000 粮道街办事处 420106006000 中华路街办事处 420106007000 黄鹤楼街办事处 420106008000 紫阳街办事处 420106009000 白沙洲街办事处 420106010000 首义路街办事处 420106011000 中南路街办事处 420106012000 水果湖街办事处 420106013000 珞珈山街办事处 420106014000 石洞街办事处 420106015000 南湖街办事处 420106490000 东湖风景区街道（武昌）|}}}}</ref> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
! # !! Name !! [[Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[Simplified Chinese character|S]])!! [[Pinyin]] Romanization |
|||
|- |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="7"|'''[[Subdistrict (China)|Subdistricts]]''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1 || [[Shidong Subdistrict]] ''Rock Cave'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|石洞|街道}}}} || Shídòng Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2 || [[Yangyuan Subdistrict]] ''[[Yang (surname)|Yang]] Garden'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|杨园|街道}}}} || Yángyuán Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 3 || [[Xujiapeng Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|徐家棚|街道}}}} || Xūjiāpéng Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 4 || [[Jiyuqiao Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|积玉桥|街道}}}} || Jīyùqiáo Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 5 || [[Zhonghualu Subdistrict]] ''[[Zhonghua, Wuchang|Zhonghua]] Road'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|中华路|街道}}}} || Zhōnghuálù Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 6 || [[Liangdao Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|粮道|街道}}}} || Liángdào Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 7 || [[Huanghelou Subdistrict]] ''[[Yellow Crane Tower]]'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|黄鹤楼|街道}}}} || Huánghèlóu Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 8 || [[Ziyang Subdistrict]] || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|紫阳|街道}}}} || Zǐyáng Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 9 || [[Baishazhou Subdistrict]] ''White Sand Islet'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|白沙洲|街道}}}} || Báishāzhōu Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 10 || [[Shouyilu Subdistrict]] ''First to Rise in Revolt Road'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|首义路|街道}}}} || Shǒuyìlù Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 11 || [[Zhongnanlu Subdistrict]] ''South Central Road'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|中南路|街道}}}} || Zhōngnánlù Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 12 || [[Shuiguohu Subdistrict]] ''Fruit Lake'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|水果湖|街道}}}} || Shuǐguǒhú Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 13 || [[Luojiashan Subdistrict]] ''Mount Luojia'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|珞珈山|街道}}}} || Luòjiāshān Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 14 || [[Nanhu Subdistrict, Wuchang District|Nanhu Subdistrict]] ''[[South Lake (Wuhan)|South Lake]]'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|南湖|街道}}}} || Nánhú Jiēdào |
|||
|- |
|||
| 15 || [[Donghu Scenic Area]] ''[[East Lake (Wuhan)|East Lake]]'' || {{lang|zh-hans|{{linktext|东湖风景区|街道}}}} || Dōnghú Fēngjǐngqū Jiēdào |
|||
|} |
|||
==Notable people== |
|||
In Wuchang on [[October 10]], [[1911]], a revolt broke out against the Qing Dynasty. This event, now called the [[Wuchang Uprising]] and celebrated as [[Double Ten Day]], was the catalyst that started the [[Xinhai Revolution]], which led to the development of the [[Republic of China]]. |
|||
*[[Saint]] [[Francis Regis Clet]], one of the [[Martyr Saints of China]], executed in Wuchang in 1840 |
|||
*[[Li Bingbing]], actress and singer |
|||
*[[Jayne Meadows]], American stage, film and television actress |
|||
==See also== |
|||
In [[1912]], the Wuchang prefecture was abolished and a new Wuchang county (just next to the Wuchang county in the EZhou city) was created. In 1926 the Wuchang town was promoted to a city, and merged with [[Hankou]] and [[Hanyang]] to form a new city named [[Wuhan]]. After 1949, part of the Wuchang county was absorbed into the new Wuhan city and was named Wuchang, Qingshan and Hongshan districts, while the remain part still named the Wuchang county. In 1995, the Wuchang county became the Jiangxia district of Wuhan. |
|||
The Wuchang fish (''[[Megalobrama amblycephala]]''; {{zh|s=武昌鱼 |t=武昌魚 |p=Wǔchāng yú |labels=no}}) is named after the town. |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist|2}} |
||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
{{commons category|Wuchang District}} |
|||
{{Wiktionary|Wuchang|Wu-ch'ang|Wu-chang|Ou-tchang}} |
|||
*[http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/ Official website of Wuchang District Government] |
*[http://www.wuchang.gov.cn/ Official website of Wuchang District Government] |
||
{{County-level divisions of Hubei}} |
|||
[[Category:Cities in Hubei]] |
|||
{{authority control}} |
|||
[[Category:Wuhan]] |
|||
[[Category:County-level divisions of Hubei]] |
|||
[[fr:District de Wuchang]] |
|||
[[Category:Geography of Wuhan]] |
|||
[[ja:武昌区]] |
|||
[[no:Wuchang]] |
|||
[[sv:Wuchang]] |
|||
[[zh:武昌区]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 22:15, 6 January 2024
Wuchang
武昌区 Wu-Chang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 East Lake overlooking Wuchang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
  Wuchang Location in Hubei | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates: 30°33′43″N 114°20′25″E / 30.5619°N 114.3404°E[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country | People's Republic of China | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Province | Hubei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-provincial city | Wuhan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • Total | 87.42 km2 (33.75 sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population (2010)[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • Total | 1,199,127 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • Density | 13,717/km2 (35,530/sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wuhan district map |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Website | 武昌区政府门户网站 (translation: Wuchang District Government Web Portal (in Simplified Chinese) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wuchang, Wuhan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Changchun Temple | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 武昌 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Wuchang is one of 13 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China. It is the oldest of the three cities that merged into modern-day Wuhan, and stood on the right (southeastern) bank of the Yangtze River, opposite the mouth of the Han River. The two other cities, Hanyang and Hankou, were on the left (northwestern) bank, separated from each other by the Han River.
The name "Wuchang" remains in common use for the part of urban Wuhan south of the Yangtze River. Administratively, however, it is split between several districts of the City of Wuhan. The historic center of Wuchang lies within the modern Wuchang District, which has an area of 82.4 square kilometres (31.8 sq mi) and a population of 1,003,400.[4] Other parts of what is colloquially known as Wuchang are within Hongshan District (south and south-east) and Qingshan District (north-east). Presently, on the right bank of the Yangtze, it borders the districts of Qingshan (for a very small section) to the northeast and Hongshan to the east and south; on the opposite bank it borders Jiang'an, Jianghan and Hanyang.
On 10 October 1911, the New Army stationed in the city started the Wuchang Uprising, a turning point of the Xinhai Revolution that overthrew the Qing dynasty and established the Republic of China.
History
[edit]
The old Wuchang county
[edit]In 221, warlord Sun Quan moved the capital of Eastern Wu from Gong'an county, Jingzhou (northwest of present-day Gong'an county, Hubei) to È county (in present-day Ezhou City), and renamed È to Wuchang (literally prospering from military, regarding its logistics role of the military bases established before the Battle of Red Cliffs). Later in the year Cao Pi proclaimed himself the emperor of Cao Wei.[citation needed] Sun Quan declared independence in the following year, and started to build forts and palaces in Wuchang. Sun Quan proclaimed himself the emperor of Eastern Wu in 229, and moved the capital to Jianye. Sun Hao, the emperor of Eastern Wu between 264 and 280, moved the capital back to Wuchang in 265. In 589, the Wuchang commandery was abolished and the Wuchang county was transferred to a new commandery named Ezhou (headquartered in present-day Wuchang District), and remained in the administration since then.
The present day Wuchang town
[edit]The Wuchang commandery was set up when È was renamed to Wuchang, and included six counties. In 223 the commandery was renamed to Jiangxia, and the capital of the commandery moved to Xiakou (in present-day Wuchang town). The name of the town was switched back and forth between Wuchang and Jiangxia several times in the following centuries. The present-day version of Wuying Pagoda, the oldest standing architecture in Hubei Province, was built around the time of fall of the Southern Song Dynasty. After 1301, the Wuchang prefecture, headquartered in the town, became the capital of Hubei province.
During the Taiping Rebellion, Wuchang and the surrounding area changed hands several times after the Taiping capture of the city in the Battle of Wuchang (1852).
At the end of the Qing Empire, the Wuchang Prefecture (武昌府, then transcribed as 'Ou-tchang-fou') was the capital of the combined provinces of Hubei and Hunan, called the 'two Hu' or Huguang Viceroyalty. It was the seat of the provincial government of Huguang, at the head of which was a viceroy of Huguang. Next to Nanjing and Guangzhou, it was one of the most important vice-royalties in the empire.[citation needed]
It possessed an arsenal and a mint. The provincial government established ironworks for the manufacture of rails and other railway material. As the works did not pay under official management, they were transferred to the director-general of railways. Wuchang was not open to foreign trade and residence, but a considerable number of missionaries, both Roman Catholic and Protestant, lived within the walls. The native population was estimated at 800,000 around 1911, including cities on both banks. At that time, Wuchang was an important junction on the trunk railway from Beijing to Guangzhou; and was on the route of the Sichuan railway.
In Wuchang on October 10, 1911, a revolt broke out against the Qing Dynasty. This event, now called the Wuchang Uprising and celebrated as Double Ten Day, was the catalyst that started the Xinhai Revolution, which led to the development of the Republic of China.
In 1912, the Wuchang prefecture was abolished and a new Wuchang county (just next to the Wuchang county in the Ezhou city) was created. In 1926 the Wuchang town was promoted to a city, and merged with Hankou and Hanyang to form a new city named Wuhan.
After 1949, the more urban part of the Wuchang County was absorbed into the new Wuhan City and was administratively partitioned into Wuchang, Qingshan and Hongshan districts, while the remaining, mostly rural, southern part retained the name of Wuchang County. In 1995, Wuchang County became Jiangxia District of Wuhan.
Geography
[edit]Administrative divisions
[edit]Wuchang District administers:[5][6][7]
| # | Name | Chinese (S) | Pinyin Romanization | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | ||||||
| 1 | Shidong Subdistrict Rock Cave | 石洞街道 | Shídòng Jiēdào | |||
| 2 | Yangyuan Subdistrict Yang Garden | 杨园街道 | Yángyuán Jiēdào | |||
| 3 | Xujiapeng Subdistrict | 徐家棚街道 | Xūjiāpéng Jiēdào | |||
| 4 | Jiyuqiao Subdistrict | 积玉桥街道 | Jīyùqiáo Jiēdào | |||
| 5 | Zhonghualu Subdistrict Zhonghua Road | 中华路街道 | Zhōnghuálù Jiēdào | |||
| 6 | Liangdao Subdistrict | 粮道街道 | Liángdào Jiēdào | |||
| 7 | Huanghelou Subdistrict Yellow Crane Tower | 黄鹤楼街道 | Huánghèlóu Jiēdào | |||
| 8 | Ziyang Subdistrict | 紫阳街道 | Zǐyáng Jiēdào | |||
| 9 | Baishazhou Subdistrict White Sand Islet | 白沙洲街道 | Báishāzhōu Jiēdào | |||
| 10 | Shouyilu Subdistrict First to Rise in Revolt Road | 首义路街道 | Shǒuyìlù Jiēdào | |||
| 11 | Zhongnanlu Subdistrict South Central Road | 中南路街道 | Zhōngnánlù Jiēdào | |||
| 12 | Shuiguohu Subdistrict Fruit Lake | 水果湖街道 | Shuǐguǒhú Jiēdào | |||
| 13 | Luojiashan Subdistrict Mount Luojia | 珞珈山街道 | Luòjiāshān Jiēdào | |||
| 14 | Nanhu Subdistrict South Lake | 南湖街道 | Nánhú Jiēdào | |||
| 15 | Donghu Scenic Area East Lake | 东湖风景区街道 | Dōnghú Fēngjǐngqū Jiēdào | |||
Notable people
[edit]- Saint Francis Regis Clet, one of the Martyr Saints of China, executed in Wuchang in 1840
- Li Bingbing, actress and singer
- Jayne Meadows, American stage, film and television actress
See also
[edit]The Wuchang fish (Megalobrama amblycephala; 武昌鱼; 武昌魚; Wǔchāng yú) is named after the town.
References
[edit]- ^ Google (2014-07-02). "Wuchang" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 2014-07-02.
- ^ "Wuhan Statistical Yearbook 2010" (PDF). Wuhan Statistics Bureau. p. 15. Retrieved 2011-07-30.
- ^ 武汉市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 (in Simplified Chinese). Wuhan Statistics Bureau. 2011-05-11. Archived from the original on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ^ "Profile of Wuchang District" (in Chinese). official website of Wuchang District Government. Archived from the original on 2008-03-24. Retrieved 2008-04-19.
- ^ 武汉市武昌区区属部门预决算及“三公”经费预决算信息 (in Simplified Chinese). Wuchang District People's Government. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
石洞街 杨园街 徐家棚街 积玉桥街 中华路街 粮道街 黄鹤楼街 紫阳街 白沙洲街 首义路街 中南路街 水果湖街 珞珈山街 南湖街
- ^ 武昌区历史沿革 [Historical Development of Wuchang District] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 7 July 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
2010年第六次人口普查，武昌区常住总人口1214287人，其中：积玉桥街道60323人，杨园街道109485人，徐家棚街道123918人，粮道街道64704人，中华路街道44262人，黄鹤楼街道60909人，紫阳街道61135人，白沙洲街道76226人，首义路街道69562人，中南路街道216216人，水果湖街道178628人，珞珈山街道75128人，石洞街道6664人，南湖街道52596人，东湖风景区街道（武昌）14531人。
- ^ 2017年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：武昌区 [2017 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Wuchang District]. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
统计用区划代码 名称 420106001000 积玉桥街办事处 420106002000 杨园街办事处 420106003000 徐家棚街办事处 420106005000 粮道街办事处 420106006000 中华路街办事处 420106007000 黄鹤楼街办事处 420106008000 紫阳街办事处 420106009000 白沙洲街办事处 420106010000 首义路街办事处 420106011000 中南路街办事处 420106012000 水果湖街办事处 420106013000 珞珈山街办事处 420106014000 石洞街办事处 420106015000 南湖街办事处 420106490000 东湖风景区街道（武昌）
External links
[edit]| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
