Vicko Andrić (March 23, 1793, Trogir, Croatia – January 15, 1866, Split, Croatia) was a Croatian architect.

Education

The architect and renovator Vicko Andrić was born in Trogir on March 23, 1793. His family, father Josip and mother Antica were inhabitants of Split temporarily residing in Trogir. 10 years after his birth the family returned to Split. From 1803 to 1807 Andrić attended the Archdiocesan Seminary gymnasium in Split.

From Fall 1807 to 1810 Vicko Andrić attended the Zadar lyceum (Italian: Liceo di Zara, Croatian: Zadarski licej). His professor of architecture and technical drawing was the famous Italian architect Basilio Mazzoni. In 1811 Andrić enrolled the Illyrium high school. At the same time he attended a law school and a technical drawing class. However, he soon gave up the law school, for, according to his words, "love toward beautiful art."

Studying in Rome

In 1812, Vicko Andrić went to study in Rome, Italy. He enrolled the Faculty of Mathematics at the Sapienza University and the Accademia San Luca. By studying mathematics he attained the diploma of an expert surveryor. On Accademia San Luca he continued his education and practice again under the supervision of Mazzoni, who came to Rome the same year as Andrić due to the closing of Zadar lyceum. At the time, the honorary president of the academy was the sculptor Antonio Canova. Under Mazzoni's surveillance Andrić attained the status of an architect in 1816.

On the basis of diplomas received, Vicko Andrić was licensed for architectural works and measurement. During his stay in Rome, he was also involved in the research and preservation of buildings dating back to Ancient Rome. Carlo Fea, an expert on the Ancient Rome and the "president of Roman antiquities," helped Andrić at the start of Andrić's career. Andrić was deeply influenced by Fea's book Sacral and profane buildings.

Andrić's four years long stay in Rome was crucial not only for his education, but also for his commitment to classicism and fascination by the antique period, which he later used in studying and preserving the Diocletian's Palace in Split.

In Rome, Andrić projected several important concept designs: an inn (1814), a triumphal arc for the Austrian emperor Francis II (1815), a circular temple and a cathedral in the form of a Greek cross for a large city with a capitol and a seminary (both projects also in 1815) and a concept design of a casino and theater in Split (1816).

Return to Split

After finishing his education in Rome, Vicko Andrić returned to Split in 1817. At the end of that year he was chosen to be a "temporary imperial royal district engineer." Soon after taking over this duty, he oversaw the Splitian completion of the lazaretto adaption, designing the whole Split harbor from the lazaretto up to the church of St. Francis, estimating the costs of renovating the coast and piers and building new bollards. A selection of Andrić's work in Split contains the technical snapshots of the construction complex of the former Communal and Principal Palace, of the Splitian main square and of the Gripe fortress and projects of a suburban cemetery on Sustipan and a new building of the marine Health Office.

Completed projects

The only notable finished projects of Andrić in Split are the building of the Museum of Archeology next to the eastern wall of Diocletian's Palace (built in 1821, later demolished), cemetery and a circular pavilion on Sustipan (1823–26) and the tower of the Church of the Lady of Health (built in 1846).

Work in the Dalmatian Directorate of Public Construction

Although he had an architect's and suveryor's diploma, he was generally given geodetic work. After being appointed an engineer in the Directorate of Public Construction in Dalmatia, from 1824 to 1828 he mainly worked reclaming wetlands in the Dalmatian hinterland, renovating and constructing roads, bridges, wells and fountains. During 1828 and 1829 he led the work on the river Krka and the Botišnici creek in Knin. According to architectural records while there he also worked on a project restoring a church and parish hall in Vrpolje. Around the year 1830 he worked on a project for the Orthodox in the episcopate of Šibenik, and also led work on the court building in Skradin and the parish office in Ervenik.

Due to continuously living on site and the difficult working conditions, Vicko Andrić become ill. In 1833 he was appointed a regular pension by decision of the Royal Commission.

Konzervatorska djelatnost

Vicko Andrića prvi je hrvatski konzervator. Već tijekom studiranja u Rimu pokazao je veliki interes za starine. Po povratku u Split aktivno se posvetio istraživanju i zaštiti Salone i Dioklecijanove palače. Nakon posjeta Franje I. Splitu i Saloni tijekom proljeća 1818. godine, uslijedila je careva odluka o čuvanju Dioklecijanove palače i iskapanju u Solinu.Već 1820. godine Vlada je naredbom naložila da Vicko Andrić nadzire iskopavanje salonitanskih starina. Andrić će među prvima načiniti topografsku i arheološku kartu Salone. No tek nakon umirovljenja 1833. godine u potpunosti će se posvetiti očuvanju i projektima obnove Dioklecijanove palače.

Godine 1853. Vicko Andrić imenovan je „Konzervatorom za Okruge Zadra i Splita“. Zajedno s crtaćem Dujmom Marcocchiom izradio je projekte za obnovu katedrale i snimao ostatke palače, uključujući i dijelove prizemnih dvorana u južnom dijelu palače. Zanosio se mišlju o čišćenju palače od kasnijih građevina i njenoj rekonstrukciji prema prvobitnom izgledu. U tom kontekstu Vicko Andrić od 1845. godine radi na tri nikada realizirana projekta:

• Obnovi Dioklecijanovog vodovoda
• Čišćenju južnog pročelja i podruma Dioklecijanove palače
• Izoliranju od recentne izgradnje i obnovi Dioklecijanova mauzoleja i izgradnji nove katedrale

Najzanimljiviji je njegov projekt uređenja južnog dijela palače iz 1857. godine, kojim predviđa čišćenje i obnovu izvornog kasnoantičkog pročelja ali istovremeno i njenu nadogradnju trokatnim objektom u dužini pročelja koji bi imao funkciju hotela.

Kao glavni konzervator Vicko Andrić je 1854. godine nadzirao i radove na obnovi katedrale u Šibeniku. Iste je godine odlikovan najvišim Ordenom viteškog križa cara Franje Josipa.

S konzervatorske dužnosti povukao se 1864. godine u sedamdesetoj godini života. Vicko Andrić umro je u Splitu 15. siječnja 1866. godine. Sahranjen je u skupnoj grobnici bratovštine sv. Antuna.

References

• Karaman, Dujam Srećko (1890). Andrić D. Vicko. Split: Narod.
• Kečkemet, Duško (1976–77). Projekt arhitekta Vicka Andrića za uređenje pročelja i podruma Dioklecijanove palače. Vol. 2, 3. Zagreb. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help); Check date values in: |year= (help)
• Kečkemet, Duško (1993). Vicko Andrić, arhitekt i konzervator 1793. – 1866. Split: RZS and Književni krug.
• Kečkemet, Duško (2004). Kulturna i umjetnička baština Dalmacije. Split.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

See also

• List of Croatian architects

Template:Persondata