Cannabis Ruderalis

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{{Sidebar with collapsible lists
{{#invoke:sidebar|collapsible
|name = Indo-European topics
|style = width:22em;
|pretitle = Part of [[:Category:Indo-European|a series]] on
|pretitle = Part of [[:Category:Indo-European|a series]] on
|titlestyle = padding-top:0.2em;background:rgb(220,245,220);
|titlestyle = padding-top:0.2em;background:rgb(220,245,220);
|title = [[Indo-European studies|Indo-European topics]]
|title = [[:Category:Indo-European|Indo-European topics]]
|image = [[File:IE countries.svg|180px|Indo-European languages today]]
|image = [[File:Indo-European migrations.gif|{{{wide|140px}}}|link=File:Indo-European migrations.gif]]
|listtitlestyle = background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;
|listtitlestyle = background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;
|listclass = plainlist
|listclass = hlist
|expanded = {{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}}
|expanded = {{{expanded|{{{1|}}}}}}


|list1name = Languages

|list1name = Indo-European languages
|list1title = [[Indo-European languages|Languages]]
|list1title = [[Indo-European languages]]
|list1 = <hr/>
|list1 = <hr/>
* [[List of Indo-European languages]]
* [[List of Indo-European languages]]
----
----
;''Extant''
* {{hlist |[[Albanian language|Albanian]] |[[Armenian language|Armenian]] |[[Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]] |[[Celtic languages|Celtic]]}}
* [[Albanoid]]
* {{hlist |[[Germanic languages|Germanic]] |[[Hellenic languages|Hellenic]] |[[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] |[[Italic languages|Italic]]}}
** {{small|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]}}
* [[Armenian language|Armenian]]
* [[Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic]]
** {{small|[[Baltic languages|Baltic]]}}
** {{small|[[Slavic languages|Slavic]]}}
* [[Celtic languages|Celtic]]
* [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]
* [[Hellenic languages|Hellenic]]
** {{small|[[Greek language|Greek]]}}
* [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]
* [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
** {{small|[[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]}}
** {{small|[[Iranian languages|Iranian]]}}
** {{small|[[Nuristani languages|Nuristani]]}}
* [[Italic languages|Italic]]
** {{small|[[Romance languages|Romance]]}}

;''Extinct''
* [[Anatolian languages|Anatolian]]
* [[Tocharian languages|Tocharian]]
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages|Paleo-Balkan]]
**{{small|[[Dacian language|Dacian]]}}
**{{small|[[Illyrian language|Illyrian]]}}
**{{small|[[Liburnian language|Liburnian]]}}
**{{small|[[Messapic language|Messapic]]}}
**{{small|[[Mysian language|Mysian]]}}
**{{small|[[Paeonian language|Paeonian]]}}
**{{small|[[Phrygian language|Phrygian]]}}
**{{small|[[Thracian language|Thracian]]}}
----
;''Reconstructed''
*[[Proto-Indo-European language]]<br />
**[[Proto-Indo-European phonology|Phonology]]: [[Indo-European sound laws|Sound laws]], [[Proto-Indo-European accent|Accent]], [[Indo-European ablaut|Ablaut]]
----
;''Hypothetical''
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages|Balkanic]]
* [[Daco-Thracian]]
* [[Graeco-Albanian]]
* [[Graeco-Armenian]]
* [[Graeco-Aryan]]
* [[Graeco-Phrygian]]
* [[Indo-Hittite]]
* [[Italo-Celtic]]
* [[Thraco-Illyrian]]
----
----
* '''Extinct'''
;''Grammar''
* [[Indo-European vocabulary|Vocabulary]]
* {{hlist |[[Anatolian languages|Anatolian]] |[[Tocharian languages|Tocharian]]}}
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European root|Root]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European verbs|Verbs]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European nominals|Nouns]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European numerals|Numerals]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European particles|Particles]]
----
----
;''Other''
* [[Proto-Albanian language|Proto-Albanian]]
* [[Proto-Anatolian language|Proto-Anatolian]]
* [[Proto-Armenian language|Proto-Armenian]]
* [[Proto-Germanic language|Proto-Germanic]] ([[Proto-Norse language|Proto-Norse]])
* [[Proto-Italo-Celtic language|Proto-Italo-Celtic]] ([[Proto-Celtic language|Proto-Celtic]] · [[Proto-Italic language|Proto-Italic]])
* [[Proto-Greek language|Proto-Greek]]
* [[Proto-Balto-Slavic language|Proto-Balto-Slavic]] ([[Proto-Slavic language|Proto-Slavic]] · [[Proto-Baltic language|Proto-Baltic]])
* [[Proto-Indo-Iranian language|Proto-Indo-Iranian]] ([[Proto-Iranian language|Proto-Iranian]])


|list2name = Philology
|list2title = Philology
|list2=
*[[Hittite inscriptions]]
*[[Hieroglyphic Luwian]]
*[[Linear B]]
*[[Rigveda]]
*[[Avesta]]
*[[Homer]]
*[[Behistun Inscription|Behistun]]
*[[Gaulish#Corpus|Gaulish epigraphy]]
*[[Old Latin#Corpus|Latin epigraphy]]
*[[Runic inscriptions|Runic epigraphy]]
*[[Ogham]]
*[[Gothic Bible]]
*[[Bible translations into Armenian]]
*[[Tocharian script]]
*[[Old Irish#Sources|Old Irish glosses]]


|list3name = Origins
|list2name = Proto-Indo-European language
|list3title = Origins
|list2title = [[Proto-Indo-European language]]
|list3=
|list2 = <hr/>
* [[Proto-Indo-European homeland|Homeland]]
* {{hlist |[[Proto-Indo-European accent|Accent]] |[[Indo-European vocabulary|Vocabulary]] |[[Proto-Indo-European particles|Particles]]}}
* [[Proto-Indo-Europeans]]
* {{hlist |[[Proto-Indo-European phonology|Phonology]] |[[Proto-Indo-European pronouns|Pronouns]] |[[Indo-European sound laws|Sound laws]]}}
* [[Proto-Indo-European society|Society]]
* {{hlist |[[Indo-European ablaut|Ablaut]] |[[Proto-Indo-European root|Root]] |[[Proto-Indo-European nominals|Nominals]] |[[Proto-Indo-European numerals|Numerals]]}}
* {{hlist |[[Indo-European s-mobile|S-mobile]] |[[Proto-Indo-European verb|Verbs]]}}
* [[Proto-Indo-European mythology|Religion]]
----
-------
;Mainstream<br>
* [[Kurgan hypothesis]]
* [[Indo-European migrations]]
* [[Eurasian nomads]]
----------------
;Alternative and fringe<br>
* [[Anatolian hypothesis]]
* [[Armenian hypothesis]]
* [[Beech argument]]
* [[Indigenous Aryanism]]
* [[Proto-Indo-European homeland#Baltic homeland|Baltic homeland]]
* [[Paleolithic continuity theory]]


|list4name = Archaeology
|list3name = Indo-European peoples
|list4title = Archaeology
|list3title = Indo-European peoples
|list3 = <hr/>
|list4 =
;[[Chalcolithic|Chalcolithic (Copper Age)]]<br>
* '''Europe'''
''Pontic Steppe''<br>
* {{hlist |[[Albanians]] |[[Balts]] |[[Celts]] |[[Dacians]]}}
* [[Domestication of the horse]]
* {{hlist |[[Greeks]] |[[Illyrians]] |[[Italic peoples]]}}
* [[Kurgan]]
* {{hlist |[[Germanic peoples]] |[[Phrygians]]|[[Slavic peoples|Slavs]]}}
* [[Thracians]]
** [[Kurgan stelae]]
* [[Kurgan culture]]
* [[The Horse, the Wheel, and Language|Steppe cultures]]
** {{small|[[Bug–Dniester culture|Bug–Dniester]]}}
** {{small|[[Sredny Stog culture|Sredny Stog]]}}
** {{small|[[Dnieper–Donets culture|Dnieper–Donets]]}}
** {{small|[[Samara culture|Samara]]}}
** {{small|[[Khvalynsk culture|Khvalynsk]]}}
** {{small|[[Yamnaya culture|Yamnaya]]}}
*** {{small|[[Mikhaylovka culture]]}}
*** {{small|[[Novotitarovskaya culture]]}}
''Caucasus''<br>
* [[Maykop culture|Maykop]]
''East Asia''<br>
* [[Afanasievo culture|Afanasievo]]
''Eastern Europe''<br>
* {{small|[[Usatovo culture|Usatovo]]}}
* [[Cernavodă culture|Cernavodă]]
* [[Cucuteni–Trypillia culture|Cucuteni]]
''Northern Europe''<br>
* [[Corded Ware culture|Corded ware]]
** {{small|[[Baden culture|Baden]]}}
** {{small|[[Middle Dnieper culture|Middle Dnieper]]}}
----
----
;[[Bronze Age]]<br>
* '''Asia'''
''Pontic Steppe''<br>
* {{hlist |[[Ancient_Anatolians#Speakers_of_Indo-European_languages|Anatolians]]|[[Armenians]]}}
* [[Chariot]]
* [[Indo-Iranians]] {{small|([[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryans]]{{•}}[[Iranian peoples|Iranians]])}}
* [[Tocharians]]
* [[Yamnaya culture|Yamnaya]]
* [[Catacomb culture|Catacomb]]
* [[Multi-cordoned ware culture|Multi-cordoned ware]]
* [[Poltavka culture|Poltavka]]
* [[Srubnaya culture|Srubnaya]]
''Northern/Eastern Steppe''<br>
* [[Abashevo culture]]
* [[Andronovo culture|Andronovo]]
* [[Sintashta culture|Sintashta]]
''Europe''<br>
* [[Globular Amphora culture|Globular Amphora]]
* [[Corded Ware culture|Corded ware]]
* [[Bell Beaker culture|Bell Beaker]]
* [[Únětice culture|Únětice]]
* [[Trzciniec culture|Trzciniec]]
* [[Nordic Bronze Age]]
* [[Terramare culture|Terramare]]
* [[Tumulus culture|Tumulus]]
* [[Urnfield culture|Urnfield]]
* [[Lusatian culture|Lusatian]]
''South Asia''<br>
* [[Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex|BMAC]]
* [[Yaz culture|Yaz]]
* [[Gandhara grave culture|Gandhara grave]]
----
----
;[[Iron Age]]
''Steppe''<br>
* [[Chernoles culture|Chernoles]]
''Europe''<br>
* [[Thraco-Cimmerian]]
* [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]]
* [[Jastorf culture|Jastorf]]
''Caucasus''<br>
* [[Colchian culture|Colchian]]
''India''
* [[Painted Grey Ware culture|Painted Grey Ware]]
* [[Northern Black Polished Ware]]


|list7name = Peoples and societies
|list7title = Peoples and societies
|list7=
;[[Bronze Age]]
* [[Anatolian peoples]] ({{small|[[Hittites]]}}) <br>
* [[Armenians]]
* [[Mycenaean Greece|Mycenaean Greeks]]
* [[Indo-Iranians]]
;[[Iron Age]]
''Indo-Aryans''<br>
* [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryans]]
''Iranians''<br>
* [[Iranian peoples|Iranians]]
''East Asia''<br>
* [[Wusun]]
* [[Yuezhi]]
''Europe''<br>
* [[Celts]]
** {{small|[[Gauls]]}}
** {{small|[[Celtiberians]]}}
** {{small|[[Insular Celts]]}}
* [[Cimmerians]]
* [[Greeks|Hellenic peoples]]
* [[Italic peoples]]
* [[Germanic peoples]]
* [[Paleo-Balkan languages|Paleo-Balkan]]/[[Iron Age Anatolia|Anatolia]]
** {{small|[[Thracians]]}}
** {{small|[[Dacians]]}}
** {{small|[[Illyrians]]}}
** {{small|[[Paeonians]]}}
** {{small|[[Phrygians]]}}
* [[Scythians]]
;[[Middle Ages]]
''East Asia''<br>
* [[Tocharians]]
''Europe''<br>
* [[Origin of the Albanians|Albanians]]
* [[Balts]]
* [[Early Slavs|Slavs]]
* [[Norsemen]]/[[North Germanic peoples|Medieval Scandinavians]]
* [[Middle Ages]]
''Indo-Aryan''
* [[Medieval India]]
''Iranian''
* [[Greater Iran]]


|list8name = Religion and mythology
|list4name = Proto-Indo-Europeans
|list8title = Religion and mythology
|list4title = [[Proto-Indo-Europeans]]
|list4 =
|list8 =
;''Reconstructed''
* {{hlist |[[Proto-Indo-European Urheimat hypotheses|Homeland]] |[[Proto-Indo-European society|Society]] |[[Proto-Indo-European religion|Religion]]}}
*[[Proto-Indo-European mythology]]
*[[Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism]]
*[[Ancient Iranian religion]]
----
;''Historical''
* [[Hittite mythology and religion|Hittite]]
''[[Indian religions|Indo-Aryan]]''<br>
* [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic]]
** {{small|[[Hinduism]]}}
* {{small|[[Buddhism]]}}
* {{small|[[Jainism]]}}
* {{small|[[Sikhism]]}}
''[[Iranian religions|Iranian]]''<br>
* [[Persian mythology|Persian]]
** {{small|[[Zoroastrianism]]}}
* [[Kurdish mythology|Kurdish]]
** {{small|[[Yazidis|Yazidism]]}}
** {{small|[[Yarsanism]]}}
* [[Scythian religion|Scythian]]
** {{small|[[Ossetian mythology|Ossetian]]}}


''Others''<br>
* [[Armenian mythology|Armenian]]
''[[European paganism|European]]''<br>
* [[Paleo-Balkan mythology|Paleo-Balkan]] ([[Albanian folk beliefs|Albanian]] '''·''' [[Illyrian religion|Illyrian]] '''·''' [[Thracian religion|Thracian]] '''·''' [[Dacian religion|Dacian]])
* [[Ancient Greek religion|Greek]]
* [[Religion in ancient Rome|Roman]]
* [[Ancient Celtic religion|Celtic]]
** {{small|[[Irish mythology|Irish]]}}
** {{small|[[Scottish mythology|Scottish]]}}
** {{small|[[Breton mythology|Breton]]}}
** {{small|[[Welsh mythology|Welsh]]}}
** {{small|[[Cornish mythology|Cornish]]}}
* [[Germanic paganism|Germanic]]
** {{small|[[Anglo-Saxon paganism|Anglo-Saxon]]}}
** {{small|[[Continental Germanic mythology|Continental]]}}
** {{small|[[Old Norse religion|Norse]]}}
* [[Baltic mythology|Baltic]]
** {{small|[[Latvian mythology|Latvian]]}}
** {{small|[[Lithuanian mythology|Lithuanian]]}}
* [[Slavic paganism|Slavic]]
;''Practices''
* [[Fire worship#Indo-European religions|Fire sacrifice]]
* [[Horse sacrifice]]
* [[Sati (practice)|Sati]]
* [[Winter solstice]]/[[Yule]]


|list9name = Academic research
|list5name = Indo-European archeology
|list5title = Indo-European archeology
|list9title = [[Indo-European studies]]
|list5 =
|list9 =
;''Scholars''
* {{hlist |[[Abashevo culture|Abashevo]] |[[Afanasevo culture|Afanasevo]] |[[Andronovo culture|Andronovo]]}}
* [[Marija Gimbutas]]
* {{hlist |[[Baden culture|Baden]] |[[Beaker culture|Beaker]] |[[Catacomb culture|Catacomb]] |[[Cernavodă culture|Cernavodă]]}}
* [[J. P. Mallory]]
* {{hlist |[[Chasséen culture|Chasséen]] |[[Chernoles culture|Chernoles]] |[[Colchian culture|Colchian]]}}
;''Institutes''
* {{hlist |[[Corded Ware culture|Corded ware]] |[[Cucuteni-Trypillian culture|Cucuteni]] |[[Dnieper-Donets culture|Dnieper-Donets]]}}
* [[Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European]]
* {{hlist |[[Funnelbeaker culture|Funnelbeaker]] |[[Gumelniţa-Karanovo culture|Gumelniţa–Karanovo]]}}
;''Publications''
* {{hlist |[[Gushi culture|Gushi]] |[[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] |[[Karasuk culture|Karasuk]] |[[Kemi Oba culture|Kemi Oba]]}}
* ''[[Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture]]''
* {{hlist |[[Khvalynsk culture|Khvalynsk]] |[[Kura-Araxes culture|Kura-Araxes]] |[[Lusatian culture|Lusatian]]}}
* ''[[The Horse, the Wheel, and Language]]''
* {{hlist |[[Kurgan culture|Kurgan]] |[[Koban culture|Koban]] |[[Leyla-Tepe culture|Leyla-Tepe]] |[[Jar-Burial Culture|Jar-Burial]]}}
* ''[[Journal of Indo-European Studies]]''
* {{hlist |[[Jastorf culture|Jastorf]] |[[Khojaly-Gadabay culture|Khojaly-Gadabay]] |[[Maykop culture|Maykop]]}}
* ''[[Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch]]''
* {{hlist |[[Middle Dnieper culture|Middle Dnieper]] |[[Narva culture|Narva]]}}
* ''[[Indo-European Etymological Dictionary]]''
* {{hlist |[[Nordic Bronze Age]] |[[Novotitorovka culture|Novotitorovka]]}}
* {{hlist |[[Poltavka culture|Poltavka]] |[[Potapovka culture|Potapovka]] |[[Samara culture|Samara]]}}
* {{hlist |[[Seroglazovo culture|Seroglazova]] |[[Shulaveri-Shomu culture|Shulaveri-Shomu]]}}
* {{hlist |[[Sredny Stog culture|Sredny Stog]] |[[Srubna culture|Srubna]] |[[Terramare culture|Terramara]]}}
* {{hlist |[[Trialeti culture|Trialeti]] |[[Tumulus culture|Tumulus]] |[[Unetice culture|Unetice]] |[[Urnfield culture|Urnfield]]}}
* {{hlist |[[Usatovo culture|Usatovo]] |[[Vučedol culture|Vučedol]] |[[Yamna culture|Yamna]]}}
}}<noinclude>


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| below =
{{documentation
* {{main other|[[Category:Indo-European]]}}
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}}<noinclude>{{Documentation
|content =
|content =
== See also ==
== See also ==
*{{tl|Hypothetical Indo-European subfamilies}}
* {{Tl|Hypothetical Indo-European subfamilies}}


<!--Categories-->
<!--Categories-->
[[Category:Language templates]]
[[Category:Society and social science sidebar templates]]
[[Category:Linguistics templates]]
[[Category:History and events sidebar templates]]
}}</noinclude>

<!--Other languages-->
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</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 14:21, 12 May 2024

Part of a series on
Indo-European topics
Languages
Extant
Extinct
Reconstructed
Hypothetical
Grammar
Other
Philology
Origins
Mainstream
Alternative and fringe
Archaeology
Chalcolithic (Copper Age)

Pontic Steppe

Caucasus

East Asia

Eastern Europe

Northern Europe

Bronze Age

Pontic Steppe

Northern/Eastern Steppe

Europe

South Asia

Iron Age

Steppe

Europe

Caucasus

India

Peoples and societies
Bronze Age
Iron Age

Indo-Aryans

Iranians

East Asia

Europe

Middle Ages

East Asia

Europe

Indo-Aryan

Iranian

Religion and mythology
Reconstructed
Historical

Indo-Aryan

Iranian

Others

European

Practices
Indo-European studies
Scholars
Institutes
Publications
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Indo-European_topics&diff=1223493741&oldid=567922305

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