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→‎Balakrishnan accuses SDP of "suppressing video": Removed content was based on newly introduced source ad was properly attributed. Reverted.
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This incident was cited in an article published in ''[[The Economist]]'' criticising the ruling party's behaviour, noting, ''"internet web sites filled up with the rebukes of Singaporeans disgusted at the PAP tactic."'' <ref name=economist>{{cite news|title=Low expectations|url=http://www.economist.com/node/18681827?story_id=18681827&fsrc=rss|accessdate=12 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=12 May 2011}}</ref> [[The New Paper]] released a story next day, with the sensational headline: ''''Is Singapore ready for a GAY MP?"'' <ref>{{cite news|last=Sim Bryna|first=Melvin Singh|title=Is Singapore ready for a GAY MP?|url=http://www.tnp.sg/content/spore-ready-gay-mp|accessdate=26 April 2011|newspaper=[[The New Paper]]|date=16 May 2011}}</ref> [[Kenneth Jeyaretnam]] of the [[Reform Party (Singapore)|Reform Party]] called Balakrishnan's "smear campaign" a "low attack." <ref name=accusation />
This incident was cited in an article published in ''[[The Economist]]'' criticising the ruling party's behaviour, noting, ''"internet web sites filled up with the rebukes of Singaporeans disgusted at the PAP tactic."'' <ref name=economist>{{cite news|title=Low expectations|url=http://www.economist.com/node/18681827?story_id=18681827&fsrc=rss|accessdate=12 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=12 May 2011}}</ref> [[The New Paper]] released a story next day, with the sensational headline: ''''Is Singapore ready for a GAY MP?"'' <ref>{{cite news|last=Sim Bryna|first=Melvin Singh|title=Is Singapore ready for a GAY MP?|url=http://www.tnp.sg/content/spore-ready-gay-mp|accessdate=26 April 2011|newspaper=[[The New Paper]]|date=16 May 2011}}</ref> [[Kenneth Jeyaretnam]] of the [[Reform Party (Singapore)|Reform Party]] called Balakrishnan's "smear campaign" a "low attack." <ref name=accusation />


Balakrishnan received widespread controversy and criticism online for his remark,<ref name=drama>{{cite news|last=Paulo|first=Derrick|title=Drama over video, YOG and economic policies|url=http://www.todayonline.com/Singapore/EDC110507-0000027/Drama-over-video,-YOG-and-economic-policies|accessdate=12 May 2011|newspaper=Today Online|date=7 May 2011}}</ref>. On April 28, he told the press: "''there is "no need" to further discuss [the] video"''. He denied having employed a "smear tactic" when he brought up the issue, arguing that his question about the SDP's "gay agenda" was a "legitimate question".<ref name=Faris1>{{cite news|last=Mokhtar|first=Faris|title=Vivian Balakrishnan: Let's not talk about the video anymore|url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/singaporescene/dr-vivian-let-not-talk-video-anymore-173058828.html|url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/singaporescene/dr-vivian-let-not-talk-video-anymore-173058828.html|accessdate=16 May 2011|newspaper=[[Yahoo News]]|date=28 April 2011}}</ref>
Balakrishnan received widespread controversy and criticism online for his remark,<ref name=drama>{{cite news|last=Paulo|first=Derrick|title=Drama over video, YOG and economic policies|url=http://www.todayonline.com/Singapore/EDC110507-0000027/Drama-over-video,-YOG-and-economic-policies|accessdate=12 May 2011|newspaper=Today Online|date=7 May 2011}}</ref>. New Zealand news website ''[[Scoop (website)|Scoop]]'' wrote that Balakrishnan's remarks "[could] only be described as a smear campaign". <ref name=scoop>{{cite news|title=Social media dents invincibility of Singapore’s rulers|url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO1105/S00165/social-media-dents-invincibility-of-singapores-rulers.htm|accessdate=7 August 2011|newspaper=''[[Scoop (website)|Scoop]]''|date=9 May 2011}}</ref> On April 28, he told the press: "''there is "no need" to further discuss [the] video"''. He denied having employed a "smear tactic" when he brought up the issue, arguing that his question about the SDP's "gay agenda" was a "legitimate question".<ref name=Faris1>{{cite news|last=Mokhtar|first=Faris|title=Vivian Balakrishnan: Let's not talk about the video anymore|url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/singaporescene/dr-vivian-let-not-talk-video-anymore-173058828.html|url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/singaporescene/dr-vivian-let-not-talk-video-anymore-173058828.html|accessdate=16 May 2011|newspaper=[[Yahoo News]]|date=28 April 2011}}</ref>


===Cooling-off day controversies===
===Cooling-off day controversies===

Revision as of 23:53, 8 August 2011

Singapore general election, 2011
← 2006 7 May 2011 (2011-05-07) Next →
87 seats (82 contested) to the Parliament of Singapore 3 NCMP seats offered to opposition
44 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Lee Hsien Loong Low Thia Khiang Goh Meng Seng
Party PAP WP NSP
Leader since 2004 2001 2007
Leader's seat Ang Mo Kio GRC Aljunied GRC Tampines GRC
(lost)
Last election 82 seats, 66.6% 1 elected + 1 NCMP, 16.3% 0 seats, 13.0%[note 1]
Seats after 81 6 elected + 2 NCMP 0
Seat change Decrease1 Increase5 elected Steady0
Popular vote 1,212,154 258,510 242,682
Percentage 60.1% 12.8% 12.0%
Swing Decrease6.5% Decrease3.5% Increase12.0%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Chee Soon Juan Kenneth Jeyaretnam Chiam See Tong
Party SDP RP SPP
Leader since 1994 2008 2001
Leader's seat Unable to contest[note 2] West Coast GRC
(lost) 		Bishan-Toa Payoh GRC
(lost)
Last election 0 seats, 4.1% new party 1 seat, 13.0%[note 1]
Seats after 0 0 0 elected + 1 NCMP
Seat change Steady0 Steady0 Decrease1 elected
Popular vote 97,369 86,294 62,639
Percentage 4.8% 4.3% 3.1%
Swing Increase0.7% Increase4.3% Increase3.1%
  Seventh party
 
Leader Desmond Lim
Party SDA
Leader since 2011
Leader's seat Punggol East SMC
(lost)
Last election 0 seats, 13.0%[note 1]
Seats after 0
Seat change Steady0
Popular vote 55,988
Percentage 2.8%
Swing Decrease10.2%
File:Singapore general elections 2011 - Results.svg
Results by constituency:
  People's Action Party
  Workers' Party of Singapore
Prime Minister before election

Lee Hsien Loong
PAP

Elected Prime Minister

Lee Hsien Loong
PAP

This article is part of a series on
Politics of Singapore
Government
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
flag Singapore portal

Singapore's 16th parliamentary general election was held on 7 May 2011. The Parliament of Singapore's maximum term is five years, within which it must be dissolved by the President of Singapore and elections held within three months, as stated in the Constitution of Singapore.[1] Voting is mandatory in Singapore and is based on the first-past-the-post system. Elections are conducted by the Elections Department, which is under the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister’s Office. On 19 April 2011, President S.R. Nathan dissolved parliament. Nomination day was held on 27 April 2011, and for the second election in a row, the PAP was not returned to power on nomination day. This election also marked the first and the only three-cornered fight since 2001 in Punggol East SMC.

The election was described as a "watershed election" in various forms by various parties. The ruling PAP reminded voters that the election will determine "Singapore's next generation of leaders".[2] The Workers' Party called it a "watershed election" both for Singapore and the opposition, as it marked the first time in two decades that the only two incumbent opposition MPs moved out of their respective strongholds and contested in Group Representation Constituencies (GRCs), risking a situation where there would be "no elected opposition MPs".[3] This was despite the elections having the highest proportion of contested seats since independence, with 82 of 87 seats contested (or 94.3%).[4] 2011 was the year that saw the highest number of seats contested since post-independence; with the second being in 1972 when 87.7% of seats were contested (or 57 out of 65 seats),[5] It marked the first electoral contests in Bishan-Toa Payoh (since 1991) and Holland-Bukit Timah, and also marked Tanjong Pagar as the only constituency to remain uncontested since its formation in 1991.

The final results saw a 6.46% swing against the PAP from the 2006 elections to 60.14%, its lowest since independence.[6] While the PAP met most expectations to sweep into power and claim over two-thirds of parliamentary seats, it won 81 out of 87 seats, and lost Aljunied Group Representation Constituency to the Workers' Party of Singapore, the first time a GRC was won by an opposition party. Including the Hougang Single Member Constituency, the Workers' Party ended up with six seats in Parliament, the best opposition parliamentary result since independence.[7][8] Conversely, the other opposition parties gained no seats despite earning much higher vote share percentages. The strong showing of the Workers' Party led to speculation that the elections may see the eventual emergence of a two-party political system in future elections.[9]

As six Members of Parliament from the opposition were elected, just three Non-Constituency Member of Parliament seats were offered, one to the Singapore People's Party's Lina Chiam; another to the WP's Yee Jenn Jong; and a third to Gerald Giam of the WP's East Coast Group Representation Constituency team. These offers were all accepted, resulting in a total of nine opposition MPs after the election.[10][11]

Background

The 2011 General Election was the 16th General Election in Singapore and the 11th since independence. The governing People's Action Party (PAP) sought to secure their 13th consecutive term in office since 1959. This was the second election since Lee Hsien Loong became its Secretary-General.

Parliamentary reform

On 11 March 2010, the Government tabled three bills in the parliament to amend the Constitution, the Presidential Elections Act and the Parliamentary Elections Act.[12] These amendments reduced the number of Group representation constituencies (GRC), increased the number of Non-Constituency Members of Parliament (NCMPs) to a maximum of nine (inclusive of the number of elected opposition members of Parliament), and the number of Nominated Members of Parliament (NMPs) permanent also to nine.[12] A one-day "cooling-off" day was implemented, during which campaigning was forbidden, with only party political broadcasts allowed. Internet campaigning was also formally legalized as a legitimate means of political campaigning.[12] On 26 April 2010, the amendments to the Constitution were passed by a vote of 74–1 after a three-hour debate on the bill.[13]

Political parties

Main article: List of political parties in Singapore

The governing People's Action Party (PAP) has been in power since Singapore's independence in 1965, and is currently led by the Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong. Besides the ruling PAP, the other major political parties that may contest the upcoming elections are the Workers' Party of Singapore (WP) led by Low Thia Khiang, the Singapore People's Party led by Chiam See Tong which left the Singapore Democratic Alliance (SDA) in 2011, the Singapore Democratic Party (SDP) led by Chee Soon Juan,[note 2][14] the National Solidarity Party (NSP) led by Goh Meng Seng which left the SDA in 2007, the Reform Party (Singapore) led by Kenneth Jeyaretnam, and the Singapore Democratic Alliance (SDA) led by Desmond Lim, which is composed of the Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Singapura (Singapore Malay National Organization) (PKMS) and the Singapore Justice Party (SJP). The Reform Party is the newest party and was created on 18 June 2008 and was then led by former Member of Parliament J.B. Jeyaretnam. He could have stood for election after he was discharged from bankruptcy and reinstated to the bar,[15] however, Jeyaretnam died of heart failure on 30 September 2008 at the age of 82.[16] His eldest son, Kenneth Jeyaretnam has since taken up leadership of the party and is now its secretary-general.[17]

Electoral divisions

Main articles: List of Singaporean electoral divisions and Constituencies of Singapore

The Electoral Boundaries Review Committee normally publishes an updated list of electoral divisions just before elections are called. Prior to the latest amendments, there were fourteen GRCs, each with five or six seats, and nine Single Member Constituencies (SMC). There were a total of 84 seats being contested in the general election of 2006.

The new electoral map for 2011 was announced on 24 February 2011.[18] 87 seats, crafted into 27 electoral divisions, were up for contests in the election. 12 are SMCs and 15 are GRCs.

Singapore electoral boundaries, released in February 2011

Nomination

New candidates

Singapore Democratic Party

  • Dr Ang Yong Guan, 56-year old Consultant Psychiatrist at Paragon Medical, President of the Singapore Psychiatric Association from 1997 to 1998 and Chairman of the Chapter of Psychiatrists, Academy of Medicine from 2001 to 2003.
  • Alec Tok, 46-year old Artistic Director at One Kind Theatre LLC.
  • Mohd Isa Abdul Aziz, 53-year old Business Development Manager for an Australian Oil and Gas company and a member of the Central Executive Committee of the Singapore Democratic Party.
  • Sadasivam Veriyah, 58-year old ex-teacher and a unionist, former member of the People's Action Party.
  • Tan Jee Say, 57-year old investment adviser and former Principal Private Secretary to then-DPM Goh Chok Tong.
  • Dr. Vincent Wijeysingha, 41-year old Executive Director of Transient Workers Count Too (TWC2), a non-government organization advocating the rights of low-waged migrant workers.

People's Action Party

Retiring politicians

All politicians who were retiring or stepping down from their seats were from the PAP.

Staking claims

Soon after the announcement of the new electoral boundaries, various opposition parties indicated their intent to contest, subject to negotiations between political parties to avoid three-cornered fights. The parties declaring an interest to contest each constituency and their nomination status is reflected below.

File:Singapore general elections 2011 - Opposition Claims.svg
Nominations by various opposition parties as on nomination day on 27 April 2011. Banded shading indicates constituencies with three-party contests. There was no contest in Tanjong Pagar after the opposition team intending to submit a nomination were disqualified.

Group Representation Constituencies

Announced candidates of Singapore general election, 2011
Division Seats Voters Political Party Candidate(s) Nomination status Notes
Aljunied GRC 5 143,148 Template:PAP George Yeo
Lim Hwee Hua
Zainul Abidin bin Mohamed Rasheed
Cynthia Phua
Ong Ye Kung		 Nominated Ong Ye Kung was a new candidate, while the rest were incumbents.
Workers' Party Low Thia Khiang
Lim Swee Lian Sylvia
Chen Show Mao
Pritam Singh
Muhamad Faisal Manap		 Nominated Chen Show Mao, Pritam Singh and Muhamad Faisal Bin Abdul Manap were new candidates. Sylvia Lim contested in Aljunied in 2006, while Low Thia Khiang was an incumbent in Hougang.
Ang Mo Kio GRC 6 179,071 Template:PAP Lee Hsien Loong
Yeo Guat Kwang
Inderjit Singh
Seng Han Thong
Ang Hin Kee
Intan Azura Mokhtar		 Nominated
Reform Party Alex Tan Zhixiang
Arthero Lim Tung Hee
Vignes Ramachandran
Lim Zi Rui
Mansor Rahman
Osman Sulaiman		 Nominated
Singapore Democratic Party NA Expressed interest, but withdrew In favor of RP
Singapore People's Party Alex Tan Zhixiang
Others unannounced		 Withdrew interest[29] In favor of RP. Alex Tan, later "loaned" to the RP, had wanted the SPP to contest the GRC.
Bishan-Toa Payoh GRC 5 122,492 Template:PAP Wong Kan Seng,
Ng Eng Hen,
Josephine Teo Li Min,
Hri Kumar,
Zainudin Nordin		 Nominated
Singapore People's Party Chiam See Tong
Benjamin Pwee
Wilfred Leung
Jimmy Lee
Mohamad Hamim Aliyas		 Nominated
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[30] In favour of SPP
Singapore Democratic Alliance NA Withdrawn[31] In favour of SPP
Singapore Democratic Party NA Expressed interest,[31] but has withdrawn In favor of SPP
Template:SF (Singapore) NA Withdrew from elections
Chua Chu Kang GRC 5 158,648 Template:NSP Teo Kway Huang Sebastian
Tan Lay Thiam Tony
Poa Koon Koon Hazel
Nor Lella Mardiiiah Mohamed
Jeisilan Sivalingam		 Nominated
Template:PAP Gan Kim Yong
Alvin Yeo
Zaqy Mohamad
Alex Yam
Low Yen Ling		 Nominated
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[30] In favour of NSP
East Coast GRC 5 120,324 Template:PAP Lim Swee Say
Maliki Osman
Lee Yi Shyan
Jessica Tan
Raymond Lim		 Nominated
Workers' Party Eric Tan Heng Chong
Png Eng Huat
Glenda Han
Gerald Giam
Mohamed Fazli Bin Talip		 Nominated
Holland-Bukit Timah GRC 4 91,607 Template:PAP Vivian Balakrishnan
Christopher de Souza
Liang Eng Hwa
Sim Ann		 Nominated
Singapore Democratic Party Tan Jee Say
Ang Yong Guan
Vincent Wijeysingha
Michelle Lee		 Nominated
Jurong GRC 5 125,276 Template:NSP Neo Ting Wei Christopher
Abdul Rasheed
Ong Beng Soon Elvin
Ong Hock Siong
Noraini Yunus		 Nominated
Template:PAP Tharman Shanmugaratnam
Halimah Bte Yacob
Ang Wei Neng
Desmond Lee
David Ong		 Nominated
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[30] In favour of NSP
Marine Parade GRC 5 154,451 Template:NSP Cheo Chai Chen
Ivan Yeo Tiong Boon
Abdul Salim Harun
Spencer Ng Chung Hon
Nicole Rebecca Seah Xue Ling		 Nominated
Template:PAP Goh Chok Tong
Tan Chuan Jin
Fatimah Lateef
Seah Kian Peng
Tin Pei Ling[32]		 Nominated
Template:DPP (Singapore) NA Withdrew from elections Did not appear on nomination day and probably in favor of NSP
Moulmein-Kallang GRC 4 87,595 Template:PAP Lui Tuck Yew
Yaacob Ibrahim
Denise Phua Lay Peng
Edwin Tong		 Nominated
Workers' Party Mohd Rahizan
Toh Hong Boon
L Somasundram
Freida Chan		 Nominated
Template:NSP NA Withdrew interest[33] In favour of WP
Nee Soon GRC 5 148,290 Template:PAP K Shanmugam
Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim
Lee Bee Wah
Lim Wee Kiak
Patrick Tay Teck Guan[34]
 Nominated
Workers' Party John Yam
Angela Oon
Sajeev
Watson Chong
Poh Lee Guan		 Nominated
Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC 6 168,971 Template:PAP Teo Chee Hean
Teo Ser Luck
Penny Low
Janil Puthucheary
Gan Thiam Poh
Zainal Bin Sapari		 Nominated
Singapore Democratic Alliance Harminder Pal Singh
Sidney Soon
Jeffrey Lim
Noraine Anabi
Tony Tan
Mohammad Shafni Ahmad		 Nominated
Workers' Party NA Expressed interest,[35] but has withdrawn In favor of SDA
Sembawang GRC 5 142,459 Template:PAP Khaw Boon Wan
Ellen Lee
Hawazi Daipi
Ong Teng Koon
Vikram Nair		 Nominated
Singapore Democratic Party James Gomez
John Tan
Jarrod Luo Jie
Mohd Isa Abdul Aziz
Sadasivam Veriyah		 Nominated
Tampines GRC 5 137,532 Template:NSP Goh Meng Seng
Reno Fong Chin Leong
Syafarin Sarif
Raymond Lim Peng Ann
Gilbert Goh		 Nominated
Template:PAP Mah Bow Tan
Ng Phek Hoong Irene
Masagos Zulkifli Bin Masagos Mohamad
Baey Yam Keng
Heng Swee Keat		 Nominated Baey Yam Keng replaced Steve Tan Peng Hoe on nomination day when the latter pulled out for "personal reasons".[36]
Tanjong Pagar GRC 5 139,771 Template:PAP Lee Kuan Yew
Lily Neo
Chia Shi-Lu
Indranee Thurai Rajah
Chan Chun Sing		 Uncontested Walkover Chia Shi-Lu replaced Baey Yam Keng on nomination day.[36]
Template:DPP (Singapore) NA Expressed interest[37] Withdrew from elections (Did not appear on nomination day)
Independents Ng Teck Siong
Lim Mie
Ng Pian Ying
Abdullah Salam
Nazem Suki		 Disqualified by the Elections Department Submitted nomination forms 35 seconds late[38]
West Coast GRC 5 121,045 Template:PAP Lim Hng Kiang
Fong Jen Arthur
S Iswaran
Foo Mee Har
Lawrence Wong Shyun Tsai		 Nominated
Reform Party Kenneth Jeyaretnam
Frankie Low
Andy Zhu
Kumar Appavoo
Ho Soak Harn		 Nominated

Single Member Constituencies

Announced candidates of Singapore general election, 2011
Division Seats Voters Political Party Candidate(s) Nomination status Notes
Bukit Panjang SMC 1 33,053 Template:PAP Teo Ho Pin Nominated Incumbent
Singapore Democratic Party Alec Tok Nominated
Hong Kah North SMC 1 27,701 Template:PAP Amy Khor Lean Suan Nominated Incumbent for Hong Kah North ward which was part of Hong Kah GRC
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[39] In favour of SPP
Singapore People's Party Sin Kek Tong Nominated
Hougang SMC 1 24,560 Template:PAP Desmond Choo Pey Ching Nominated New candidate
no shortcut name given (help) Yaw Shin Leong Nominated Contested in Ang Mo Kio in 2006. Replaced incumbent Low Thia Khiang, who contested in Aljunied
Joo Chiat SMC 1 22,069 Independent Andrew Kuan[40] Withdrew interest[41] In favour of WP
Template:PAP Chong You Fook Charles[42] Nominated From Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC; incumbent Chan Soo Sen retired.
no shortcut name given (help) Yee Jen Jong Nominated
Mountbatten SMC 1 23,731 Template:NSP Jeanette Chong-Aruldoss Nominated
Template:PAP Lim Biow Chuan Nominated
Singapore Democratic Alliance NA Withdrew interest[43] In favor of NSP
Template:SF (Singapore) NA Withdrew from elections
Independent Kannappan Chettiar Withdrew from elections[44] In favour of NSP
Independent Boon Suan Ban Withdrew from elections Did not submit political donation form on time[44]
Independent Zeng Guoyuan Withdrew from elections Tore up nomination papers on nomination day[44]
Pioneer SMC 1 25,745 Template:NSP Steve Chia Kiah Hong Nominated[45]
Template:PAP Cedric Foo Nominated Incumbent for Pioneer ward which was part of West Coast GRC
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[30] In favour of NSP
Potong Pasir SMC 1 17,327 Singapore People's Party Lina Chiam Nominated Incumbent Chiam See Tong's wife, the former contesting in Bishan-Toa Payoh GRC
Template:PAP Sitoh Yih Pin Nominated
Punggol East SMC 1 33,281 Template:PAP Michael Palmer Nominated Incumbent for Punggol East ward which was part of Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC
Singapore Democratic Alliance Desmond Lim Nominated
no shortcut name given (help) Lee Li Lian Nominated
Radin Mas SMC 1 31,014 Template:NSP Yip Yew Weng Nominated
Template:PAP Sam Tan Chin Siong Nominated Incumbent for Radin Mas ward which was part of Tanjong Pagar GRC
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[30] In favour of NSP/SDA
Singapore Democratic Alliance Mohd Nazem Suki[46] Announced candidate withdrawn[47] In favour of NSP
Template:SF (Singapore) NA Withdrew from elections
Sengkang West SMC 1 26,882 Template:PAP Lam Pin Min Nominated Incumbent for Sengkang West ward which was part of Ang Mo Kio GRC
Template:PLDP Ooi Boon Ewe Withdrew from elections Unable to get his assentors on the nomination day
Singapore Democratic Alliance Ismail Yaacob Announced candidate withdrawn[47] In favour of WP
no shortcut name given (help) Koh Choong Yong Nominated
Whampoa SMC 1 21,631 Template:NSP Ken Sun Nominated
Template:PAP Heng Chee How Nominated Incumbent for Whampoa ward which was part of Jalan Besar GRC
Singapore Democratic Party NA Withdrew interest[48] In favour of NSP
no shortcut name given (help) NA Withdrew interest[49] In favour of NSP
Yuhua SMC 1 23,199 Template:NSP NA Withdrew interest[33] In favour of SDP
Template:PAP Grace Fu Nominated Incumbent for Yuhua ward which was part of Jurong GRC
Reform Party NA Withdrew interest[39] In favour of SDP
Singapore Democratic Party Teo Soh Lung Nominated

General election campaign

Party manifestos

Televised forum

In the first pre-election forum of this nature in Singapore since the 1988 General Election, Channel NewsAsia invited the main parties to record an hour-long programme. The programme, in English entitled, “A political forum on Singapore’s future” brought together the ruling People’s Action Party (PAP) and four opposition parties to discuss long and short-term challenges for the country. [50] The forum included

The new media

The Worker's Party utilised social media in order to circumvent obstacles placed in front of them by Singapore's government-controlled media.[51]

Political rallies

The Singapore Police Force announced 41 political rally sites on 27 April which could be booked by political parties on a first-come-first-served basis. Rallies were allowed to be conducted from 28 April to 5 May, from 7 am to 10 pm. The 41st site is for lunch time rallies at Boat Quay near to the UOB Plaza.[52]

Controversies

Balakrishnan accuses SDP of "suppressing video"

During the 2011 elections campaigning, Vivian Balakrishnan said the SDP was "suppressing a certain YouTube video, which raises some very awkward questions about the agenda and motivations of the SDP and its candidates".[54] He issued the following statement:

I am not sure what [the SDP] strategy is...I can’t help feeling that part of the reason for their reticence is they have elements of their agenda they are not prepared to disclose and subject to scrutiny. Eventually, they will have to come out of the closet. (The Straits Times, April 20, 2011)

This statement was noted by prominent gay rights activist Alex Au to be appeal to his religious conservative base without alienating his other voters by using a lot of innuendo meant to target voters opposed to gay rights.[55]

Balakrishnan confirmed that a widely-speculated-upon video entitled "Gay Agenda" uploaded by "JohnTan88888" was indeed the video he had alluded to,[56] [57] and issued a more explicit accusation that SDP's Vincent Wijeysingha was pursuing a gay agenda.[58] Balakrishnan accused the SDP of "promoting the gay cause", and attempted to associate Wijeysingha with another speaker at a forum who discussed whether the age of consent for boys should be 14 years of age.[59] SDP members rejected his comments stating, "We've been a very open party and we're very clear."

This incident was cited in an article published in The Economist criticising the ruling party's behaviour, noting, "internet web sites filled up with the rebukes of Singaporeans disgusted at the PAP tactic." [60] The New Paper released a story next day, with the sensational headline: ''Is Singapore ready for a GAY MP?" [61] Kenneth Jeyaretnam of the Reform Party called Balakrishnan's "smear campaign" a "low attack." [54]

Balakrishnan received widespread controversy and criticism online for his remark,[62]. New Zealand news website Scoop wrote that Balakrishnan's remarks "[could] only be described as a smear campaign". [63] On April 28, he told the press: "there is "no need" to further discuss [the] video". He denied having employed a "smear tactic" when he brought up the issue, arguing that his question about the SDP's "gay agenda" was a "legitimate question".[64]

Cooling-off day controversies

Nicole Seah from NSP team in Marine Parade GRC filed a complaint to the Elections Department on 6 May stating Tin Pei Ling had violated the state-mandated cooling-off period 24 hours before polls by posting a Facebook comment "in response to a video [in the state press] that showed Seah crying after being told about a Macpherson female resident who could not get a refund of her son's $80 tuition fees".[65] According to screenshots posted to both opposition and state press web sites, the comment read, "OooOoooOooh so that's what REALLY happened? Wow. I think tears in Parliament is worse than ANYTHING ELSE!"[66]

When questioned, Tin replied that one of her administrators, Denise He, had posted the comment when she had meant to post in her own capacity from her phone, but had forgotten to log out of Tin's account.[67] But investigators for the independent Singaporean news blog Temasek Review noted that according to Tin Pei Ling's publicly available nomination forms on the Election Departments website, Tin Pei Ling was listed as the sole approved moderator/administrator of her Facebook profile.[68][69] The NSP team was advised by the Elections Department to file a police report before the Elections Department could investigate.[70]

The day after the election, Seah told reporters that her party had not received any response after making the complaint, and said no decision had been taken on whether or not to pursue the issue. She added that the NSP knew "it is an uphill battle to get any results out of this. I would rather devote my time and resources to the residents".[71]

Separately, the NSP also complained that the PAP had been distributing election material to residents in Tampines GRC in violation of cooling-off regulations.[70]

Election results

After polls closed at 8pm, vote counting began. Results were announced by Yam Ah Mee, chief executive director of the People's Association, who acted as the Returning Officer for the election.[72] The first result was declared at 11.58pm on 7 May 2011, where PAP candidate Lim Biow Chuan won the Mountbatten Single Member Constituency with a majority of 3,529.

At 1.31 am on 8 May 2011, the PAP team for Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency was declared to have won the division, putting the PAP's seat tally at 44 seats, and thus formed the government.

The final result to be declared was for the Potong Pasir Single Member Constituency at 2.51am on 8 May, where the PAP gained the seat from the SPP on a razor-thin margin of 114 votes.

The PAP were returned to power with 81 seats out of 87 despite losing Aljunied Group Representation Constituency to the WP, which also won in Hougang Single Member Constituency. None of the other five opposition parties won contests, including the SPP which lost Potong Pasir Single Member Constituency that it held prior to the election. The WP's win in Aljunied marked the first opposition GRC victory since GRCs were introduced.[73] The WP win in Aljunied meant an electoral defeat of Foreign Minister George Yeo[74][75] and a second Cabinet minister in Lim Hwee Hua. Yeo became the highest-ranking PAP cabinet minister to lose an election since 1963.[76] The PAP's national vote share was just little over 60 per cent, a vote swing of almost negative 7 per cent from 2006.[8]

Voter turnout for the election was 93.18%, with 2,060,373 votes cast.[77]

Results summary

File:Singapore general elections 2011 - Results.svg
Results as announced on polling day on 7 May 2011.

Template:Singapore general election, 2011

Defeated incumbents

People's Action Party
Singapore People's Party
  • Defeated in Potong Pasir SMC, which was held by Chiam See Tong prior to the election. Chiam did not run in Potong Pasir in these elections, instead letting his wife contest it.

Full results

Template:Singapore general election, 2011 comprehensive

Analysis

Top 10 best PAP performers

  • Constituencies with no comparison to 2006 were either due to them being new constituencies or the constituencies experiencing walkovers in the last election.
# Constituency PAP Votes % Swing Opposition Votes % Swing
1 Hong Kah North SMC Template:PAP/logo 18,156 70.6 - 7,556 29.4 -
2 Ang Mo Kio GRC Template:PAP/logo 112,677 69.3 Increase 3.2 49,851 30.67 Decrease 3.2
3 Radin Mas SMC Template:PAP/logo 18,609 67.1 - Template:NSP/logo 9,123 32.9 -
4 Jurong GRC Template:PAP/logo 76,595 67.0 - Template:NSP/logo 37,786 33.0 -
5 Yuhua SMC Template:PAP/logo 14,093 66.87 - 6,986 33.1 -
6 West Coast GRC Template:PAP/logo 72,563 66.6 - 36,443 33.4 -
7 Bukit Panjang SMC Template:PAP/logo 20,375 66.3 Decrease 10.9 10,372 33.74 Increase 10.9
8 Whampoa SMC Template:PAP/logo 13,028 66.1 - Template:NSP/logo 6,683 33.9 -
9 Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC Template:PAP/logo 100,493 64.8 Decrease 3.9 54,601 35.2 Increase 3.9
10 Sembawang GRC Template:PAP/logo 84,252 63.9 Decrease 12.8 47,605 36.1 Increase 12.8

Top 10 best opposition performers

  • Constituencies with no comparison to 2006 were either due to them being new constituencies or the constituencies experiencing walkovers in the last election.
  • Punggol East SMC is excluded from the table as there were two opposition parties which competed against the incumbent. If the WP's 12,765 votes (41.02 %) and the SDA's 1,386 votes (4.45%) were summed up, the opposition won 14,151 votes (45.47%), which would place it fifth in the table below.
# Constituency Opposition Votes % Swing PAP Votes % Swing
1 Hougang SMC Template:WP/logo 14,850 64.8 Increase 2.1 Template:PAP/logo 8,065 35.2 Decrease 2.1
2 Aljunied GRC Template:WP/logo 72,289 54.72 Increase 10.81 Template:PAP/logo 59,829 45.28 Decrease 10.81
3 Potong Pasir SMC 7,878 49.64 Decrease 6.18 Template:PAP/logo 7,992 50.36 Increase 6.18
4 Joo Chiat SMC Template:WP/logo 9,278 49.0 Increase 14.00 Template:PAP/logo 9,666 51.0 Decrease 14.0
5 East Coast GRC Template:WP/logo 49,429 45.2 Increase 9.1 Template:PAP/logo 59,992 54.8 Decrease 9.1
6 Marine Parade GRC Template:NSP/logo 59,926 43.4 - Template:PAP/logo 78,286 56.6 -
7 Bishan-Toa Payoh GRC 47,205 43.07 - Template:PAP/logo 62,385 56.93 -
8 Tampines GRC Template:NSP/logo 54,381 42.8 Increase 11.3 Template:PAP/logo 72,728 57.2 Decrease 11.3
9 Nee Soon GRC Template:WP/logo 57,523 41.6 - Template:PAP/logo 80,740 58.4 -
10 Sengkang West SMC Template:WP/logo 10,591 41.9 - Template:PAP/logo 14,689 58.1 -

Vote Swings

  • Only the following constituencies may be compared with 2006 results as they existed in both elections, although most had changes in their electoral boundaries.
# Constituency PAP Votes % Swing Opposition Votes % Swing
1 Joo Chiat SMC Template:PAP/logo 9,666 51.0 Decrease 14.0 Template:WP/logo 9,278 49.0 Increase 14.0
2 Sembawang GRC Template:PAP/logo 84,252 63.9 Decrease 12.8 47,605 36.1 Increase 12.8
3 Tampines GRC Template:PAP/logo 72,728 57.22 Decrease 11.29 Template:NSP/logo 54,381 42.78 Increase 11.29
4 Bukit Panjang SMC Template:PAP/logo 20,375 66.27 Decrease 10.92 10,372 33.73 Increase 10.92
5 Aljunied GRC Template:PAP/logo 59,829 45.28 Decrease 10.81 Template:WP/logo 72,289 54.72 Increase 10.81
6 East Coast GRC Template:PAP/logo 59,992 54.83 Decrease 9.03 Template:WP/logo 49,429 45.17 Increase 9.03
7 Potong Pasir SMC Template:PAP/logo 7,992 50.36 Increase 6.18 7,878 49.64 Decrease 6.18
8 Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC Template:PAP/logo 100,493 64.79 Decrease 3.91 54,601 35.21 Increase 3.91
9 Ang Mo Kio GRC Template:PAP/logo 112,677 69.33 Increase 3.19 49,851 30.67 Decrease 3.19
10 Hougang SMC Template:PAP/logo 8,065 35.19 Decrease 2.07 Template:WP/logo 14,850 64.81 Increase 2.07

Interpretive maps

File:Singapore general elections 2011 - PAP Results.svg
Vote share won by the ruling People's Action Party by constituency. There was no contest in Tanjong Pagar Group Representation Constituency as there was a walkover.

Post-election events

Ruling party's immediate reactions

The People's Action Party's secretary-general, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, described the results as delivering his party a "clear mandate to form the next government".[78] In his post-election press conference, Lee said the polls had "heightened (voters') political consciousness and awareness", and admitted that "many of them desire to see more opposition voices in Parliament to check the PAP government".[79] He described the PAP's loss of Aljunied GRC, which resulted in George Yeo being voted out of Parliament and losing his position as foreign minister, as a "heavy loss to my Cabinet and my team of MPs", but said that the party would "accept and respect the voters' decision".[80] The country's Senior Minister, Goh Chok Tong, also admitted that "there is a sea change in the political landscape" after his team won Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency with just 56.6 percent of the vote.[81]

Opposition parties' immediate reactions

The Workers Party's secretary-general Low Thia Khiang said his team's win in Aljunied meant that voters had "accepted the WP as a rational, responsible and respected party".[82] In his victory speech, Low declared his win as a "political landmark in modern Singapore".[83][84] He added that it meant the electorate wanted to tell the PAP to be "a more responsive, inclusive, transparent and accountable government”.[6]

In a statement on its website, the Singapore Democratic Party thanked its supporters for their support, saying that it was for them that the party "(continues) to labour on in this undemocratic system with all the odds stacked against us."[85] Its assistant treasurer Vincent Wijeysingha, who stood in Holland-Bukit Timah Group Representation Constituency, said that the party's positive vote swing in its contested wards of almost 13 percent from the last elections was an "indicator that things are beginning to move up for our party."[86] In a second statement on its website, the SDP described its results as "disappointing", but promised to "build on the foundation that we have laid" for the next elections.[87] The party's secretary-general Chee Soon Juan, barred from standing in the election, went on to write an opinion piece for the Guardian, in which he said it "would have been a miracle" had the SDP won any seats, and accused the media in Singapore of suppressing news of the SDP's campaigning.[88]

Other than the PAP and WP, the only other opposition seat pre-election had been held by the Singapore People's Party, which lost it in the polls by just 114 votes. Chiam See Tong, the SPP's secretary-general, said his party would fight to win back Potong Pasir Single Member Constituency, and said that despite being defeated in Bishan-Toa Payoh Group Representation Constituency, he would continue in politics, health permitting.[89] He also questioned the margin of votes in Potong Pasir, contested by his wife, saying there was "funny business" happening. A petition calling for a by-election in the constituency was started by SPP supporters and Potong Pasir residents.[90]

The National Solidarity Party, which contested the most seats of all opposition parties, admitted it may have taken on too much, with its leader Goh Meng Seng telling reporters that he would be "personally responsible" for the party's failure to win a single seat.[86] Its star candidate, Nicole Seah, said Singaporeans now had to unite as a country.[91] Seah, who contested in Marine Parade, also said there was "so much that needs to be done", and that she would continue her work in the area despite her team's defeat.[92]

The leader of the newest opposition party contesting the elections, the Reform Party's Kenneth Jeyaretnam, described his party as having "learnt a lot" and said they had "done very well", as the first new party in over 20 years. He added that the party was "very happy" at its result in West Coast Group Representation Constituency,[86] and that its second team had done "creditably" in Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency. Jeyaretnam also said the team being able to win the votes it did despite being a new party meant that its "core values resonate with the voters".[93]

The worst-performing party at the polls was the Singapore Democratic Alliance, whose secretary-general Desmond Lim polled under 5 percent of votes in Punggol East Single Member Constituency—the only three-way contest of the election—and lost a S$16,000 election deposit. He said voters had voted based on brand name, as the other opposition candidate in the ward was from the WP. The SDA also contested Pasir Ris-Punggol Group Representation Constituency, and Lim said the party was "very happy" at its positive vote swing from 2006 of over 4 percent. However, the SDA's anchorman in the constituency Harminder Pal Singh described the loss as a "time for painful reflection" and said the party would work harder to win more votes.[94]

Foreign reactions

At an ASEAN heads-of-state meeting in Jakarta, Indonesia, leaders of ASEAN nations reportedly told S Jayakumar, Singapore's representative at the event, that they were "saddened, disappointed and surprised" at the news that foreign minister Yeo had been defeated, according to the state-run Straits Times,[95] while at the same meeting the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Najib Tun Razak, said the PAP's win would mean a continuity in understanding between the Malaysian and Singaporean governments on bilateral issues.[96]

Non-Constituency Member of Parliament offers

Three Non-Constituency Members of Parliament (NCMP) seats were offered after the election to the top three losing opposition candidates. The Singapore People's Party accepted the seat for Lina Chiam, ensuring that the Chiam family retained representation in Parliament. While Chiam See Tong has said he is opposed to the scheme, the SPP reasoned that it was "critical" to ensure an "alternative voice in Parliament", to allow the party to "remain engaged in national issues", and to be publicly visible until the next election due by 2016. Mrs Chiam also pointed out that she was "influenced by the wishes of Potong Pasir residents" and she accepted the post as her losing margin was too small.[97]

The Workers' Party was offered the final two NCMP seats for having the second and third best performing losing candidates, which it accepted despite Mr Low also disputing the scheme. Yee Jenn Jong was thus appointed for his performance in Joo Chiat SMC, but as it had to choose one member from the East Coast GRC team, the younger Gerald Giam was chosen over team leader and party treasurer Eric Tan as part of its leadership renewal process. Eric Tan resigned from the party, citing his disagreement with the appointment.[98]

On 16 May 2011, the three proposed NCMPs were formally appointed.[99]

Legacy

Use of social media

The election saw a heavier use of social and online media compared to Singapore general election, 2006, especially to evade censorship in Singapore. It is widely perceived by the populace that the major state-run newspapers and broadcasters "align[ed] itself with the party's ideals and decisions" and that the electoral system was tilted against the Opposition. [60] It had been difficult to create alternative media until the rise of sites such as The Online Citizen and such internet tools such as Facebook, Twitter and blogs, which saw increased significance in the 2006 elections but became especially prominent in the 2011 elections. [63] [100] According to The Economist, the PAP's aggressive modernisation of Singapore created "one of the world's most wired societies," leading to new media that "transformed" the electoral scene in Singapore. Characterising the state-run mainstream press as "docile", the Economist also argued that this also forced significantly more news coverage of the Opposition than in previous elections, since the mainstream media feared their readership deserting them. [60] One blogger from CNN wrote, "Thanks to social media, it doesn’t matter that the country’s largely state-run media leans towards reporting the actions of the PAP, no one’s reading anyway." [100]. The Economist however was more cynical in its analysis of the election: "in Singapore, winning 7% of parliamentary seats is tantamount to an opposition triumph". [60]

The first election in which a GRC was won by the Opposition

In previous elections, the Opposition had never won a GRC, which ostensibly ensure minority representation in parliament but also shut out smaller opposition parties with less resources. GRCs comprise over 86% of the seats, but the Opposition in previous elections would contest "less than half the seats". The election saw the most extensive use of coordination to avoid "three-cornered fights" and was also notable for seeing "two veteran MPs" making immense risks by choosing to contest in GRCs rather than their historical SMC strongholds. [60]

Signals to the ruling party

The election results were widely used in national and international discussions that the population was trying to send a message to a ruling party that "can also come across as smug, arrogant and high-handed" despite a win margin of over 20%, which usually counts as a landslide victory for most democratic nations but has been one of the narrowest margins since 1965. [60] The last election with a similarly narrow victory occurred in the Singapore general election, 1963, when the PAP's major opponent was the Barisan Sosialis -- which in itself was a splinter group formed from the leftist wing of the PAP, where it had comprised 80% of the PAP grassroots membership, 35 out of the PAP's 51 branch committees and 19 of its 23 organising secretaries. According to the Economist, Singaporeans would prefer not to have an alternative government but a humbler one, as well as a "stronger opposition".

On 14 May, exactly a week after the election, Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong and Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew announced in a joint statement that they would be quitting the country's Cabinet, saying it was time for a "team of younger ministers" to "engage with this young generation in shaping the future of Singapore."[101] In a similar analysis by Bloomberg, the resignations and the ensuing cabinet reshuffle were the actions of a ruling party "seeking to overhaul its image with voters" whose "narrowest election victory on record signaled a shortfall in support among younger voters".[102] Lee Kuan Yew was also quoted as saying that a younger generation was required to "carry Singapore forward in a more difficult and complex situation" while Lee Hsien Loong declared the party "would change the way it governs" and do some "soul-searching". A Singapore Management University professor said "[The PAP] will have to demonstrate that it remains a mass movement, and not [Lee Kuan Yew]’s alter ego," noting that younger Singaporeans do not see Lee Kuan Yew with the same godlike perception as older Singaporeans born before 1980.

Further retirements

Both losing ministers in Aljunied GRC, George Yeo and Minister in the Prime Minister's Office Lim Hwee Hua, announced their retirements from politics in separate news conferences given in the days after the election.[103][104] George Yeo, who remained popular online and continued to have "a flood of support" after the election and had been repeatedly urged to contest the next election, or even contest the Singaporean presidential election, 2011 turned his supporters down, declaring, "I'm a free spirit, and I don't think I'm temperamentally suited for such a job." [105]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c The SPP and NSP were both constituent parties of the SDA in the 2006 elections and thus received the same vote share. The SDA won a seat in 2006 but lost it when Chiam pulled the SPP out of the alliance in 2011.
  2. ^ a b After the ruling government sued him into bankruptcy, Chee Soon Juan is barred from standing in elections. The SDP was thus led by its assistant secretary-general, John Tan, contesting in Sembawang GRC.

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  96. ^ Yahya, Ahmad Fuad (8 May 2011). "BERNAMA - PAP's Victory Favourable To Malaysia-Singapore Ties". Bernama. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
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  98. ^ Fong, Tanya (13 May 2011). "Workers' Party's Eric Tan quits because... - General Election 2011". Today. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
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External links

Other official information

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Singaporean_general_election,_2011&diff=prev&oldid=443774972

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