THC Science

Peru
Nickname(s)	La Bicolor; (The Bicolour); La Blanquirroja; (The White and Red); La Rojiblanca; (The Red and White); Los Incas; (The Incas)
Association	Peruvian Football Federation (FPF)
Confederation	CONMEBOL; (South America)
Head coach	Jorge Fossati
Captain	Paolo Guerrero
Most caps	Roberto Palacios (128); Yoshimar Yotún (128)
Top scorer	Paolo Guerrero (39)
Home stadium	Estadio Nacional
FIFA code	PER
First colours	Second colours
FIFA ranking
Current	31 1 (20 June 2024)
Highest	10 (October 2017)
Lowest	91 (September 2009)
First international
	Peru 0–4 Uruguay ; (Lima, Peru; 1 November 1927)
Biggest win
	Peru 9–1 Ecuador ; (Bogotá, Colombia; 11 August 1938)
Biggest defeat
	Peru 0–7 Brazil ; (Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia; 26 June 1997)
World Cup
Appearances	5 (first in 1930)
Best result	Quarter-finals (1970, 1978)
Copa América
Appearances	33 (first in 1927)
Best result	Champions (1939, 1975)
Panamerican Championship
Appearances	2 (first in 1952)
Best result	Fourth place (1952, 1956)
CONCACAF Gold Cup
Appearances	1 (first in 2000)
Best result	Semi-finals (2000)
Bolivarian Games
Appearances	11 (first in 1938)
Best result	Champions (1938, 1947, 1961, 1973, 1977, 1981, 2001)
Medal record
Bolivarian Games
Copa Centenario de Armenia
Kirin Cup
Marlboro Cup
United States Cup
Kirin Cup
Website	fpf.pe

The Peru national football team represents Peru in men's international football. The national team has been organised, since 1927, by the Peruvian Football Federation (FPF).^[A] The FPF constitutes one of the ten members of FIFA's South American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL). Peru has won the Copa América twice, and has qualified for the FIFA World Cup five times (last appearing in 2018); the team also participated in the 1936 Olympic football competition and has reached the semi-finals of the CONCACAF Gold Cup. The team plays most of its home matches at the Estadio Nacional in Lima, the country's capital.

The team wears distinctive white shirts adorned with a diagonal red stripe, which combine Peru's national colours. This basic design has been used continuously since 1936, and gives rise to the team's common Spanish nickname, la Blanquirroja ("the white-and-red").^[4] Peruvian football fans are known for their distinctive cheer ¡Arriba Perú! ("Onward Peru!") and large celebrations.^[5] Peru has a longstanding rivalry with Chile.^[6]

The Peru national team enjoyed its most successful periods thanks to footballing generations from the 1930s and the 1970s.^[7] The 1930s generation led Peru at the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930 and won the 1938 Bolivarian Games and the 1939 Copa América, with goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso and forwards Teodoro Fernández and Alejandro Villanueva playing important roles. The 1970s generation qualified Peru for three World Cups and won the Copa América in 1975; the team then notably included defender Héctor Chumpitaz and the forward partnership of Hugo Sotil and Teófilo Cubillas.

The national team's all-time top goalscorer is Paolo Guerrero, with 39 goals, and its two most-capped players are Roberto Palacios and Yoshimar Yotún, both with 128 appearances.^[8] Since December 2023, Peru is managed by the Uruguayan Jorge Fossati.

History

During the 19th century, British immigrants and Peruvians returning from England introduced football to Peru.^[9] In 1859, members of the British community in the country's capital founded the Lima Cricket Club, Peru's first organisation dedicated to the practice of cricket, rugby, and football.^[B]^[11]^[12] These new sports became popular among the local upper-class over the following decades, but early developments stopped due to the War of the Pacific that Peru fought against Chile from 1879 to 1883. After the war, Peru's coastal society embraced football as a modern innovation.^[13] In Lima's barrios, football became a popular daily activity, encouraged by bosses who wanted it to inspire solidarity and productivity among their workers.^[14] In the adjacent port of Callao and other commercial areas, British civilian workers and sailors played the sport among themselves and with locals.^[15]^[C] Sports rivalries between locals and foreigners arose in Callao, and between elites and workers in Lima—as foreigners departed, this became a rivalry between Callao and Lima.^[9]^[17] These factors, coupled with the sport's rapid growth among the urban poor of Lima's La Victoria district (where, in 1901, the Alianza Lima club formed), led to Peru developing the Andean region's strongest footballing culture,^[18] and, according to historian Andreas Campomar, "some of the most elegant and accomplished football on the continent".^[19]

The Peruvian Football League, founded in 1912, held annual competitions until it disbanded in 1921 amid disputes amongst its clubs.^[20] The Peruvian Football Federation (FPF), formed in 1922, reorganised the annual tournament in 1926.^[21] The FPF joined the South American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL) in 1925 and, after restructuring its finances, formed the Peru national football team in 1927.^[22] The team debuted in the 1927 South American Championship, hosted by the FPF at Lima's Estadio Nacional.^[15] Peru lost 0–4 against Uruguay in its first match, and won 3–2 over Bolivia in its second.^[23] Peru did not advance beyond the first stage of the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930.^[24]

The 1930s were the team's first golden era,^[7] when they improved their game through play with more experienced teams.^[19] The Combinado del Pacífico (a squad composed of Chilean and Peruvian footballers) toured Europe from 1933 to 1934.^[D]^[19] Starting with Ciclista Lima in 1926, Peru's football clubs toured Latin America with much success.^[25]^[26] During one of these tours—Alianza Lima's undefeated journey through Chile in 1935—emerged the Rodillo Negro ("Black Roller"), a skillful group led by forwards Alejandro Villanueva, Teodoro Fernández and goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso.^[27] Sports historian Richard Witzig described these three as "a soccer triumvirate unsurpassed in the world at that time", citing their combined innovation and effectiveness at both ends of the field.^[7] Peru and the Rodillo Negro impressed at the 1936 Summer Olympics, won the inaugural Bolivarian Games in 1938, and finished the decade as South American champions.^[28]^[29]

Historian David Goldblatt assessed the decline of its previous success: "despite all the apparent preconditions for footballing growth and success, Peruvian football disappeared".^[30] He attributes this sudden decline to Peruvian authorities' repression of "social, sporting and political organisations among the urban and rural poor" during the 1940s and 1950s.^[30] Nevertheless, Peru performed creditably at the South American Championships, placing third in Brazil 1949 and Chile 1955, and missed qualification for the Sweden 1958 World Cup finals, over two legs to eventual champions Brazil.^[31]

Successes during the late 1960s, including qualification for the Mexico 1970 World Cup finals, ushered in a second golden period for Peruvian football.^[7]^[32] The formidable forward partnership between Teófilo Cubillas and Hugo Sotil was a key factor in Peru's triumphs during the 1970s.^[33] Peru reached the quarter-finals in 1970, losing to the tournament winners Brazil, and earned the first FIFA Fair Play Trophy;^[34]^[35] historian Richard Henshaw describes Peru as "the surprise of the 1970 competition, showing flair and a high level of skill".^[31] Five years later, Peru became South American champions for the second time when it won the 1975 Copa América (the then-rechristened South American Championship) despite failing to qualify for West Germany 1974 a year earlier. The team next qualified for two consecutive World Cup finals, reaching the second round in Argentina 1978 and the first group stage in Spain 1982. Peru's early elimination in 1982 marked the end of the side's globally-admired "flowing football".^[36] Peru, nonetheless, barely missed the Mexico 1986 World Cup finals after placing second in a qualification group to eventual champions Argentina.^[37] In their golden period from 1970 to 1982, Peru was among the best teams in the world.

By the late 1980s, renewed expectations for Peru were centred on a young generation of Alianza Lima players known colloquially as Los Potrillos ("The Colts"). Sociologists Aldo Panfichi and Victor Vich write that Los Potrillos "became the hope of the entire country"—fans expected them to qualify for the Italy 1990 World Cup finals.^[38] These hopes were dashed when the national team entered a hiatus after its manager and several of its players died in a plane crash carrying most of Alianza's team and staff in 1987.^[39] Peru subsequently only came close to reaching the France 1998 World Cup finals, missing qualification on goal difference,^[37] but would go on to win the 1999 Kirin Cup tournament in Japan (sharing the title with Belgium)^[40] and reached the semi-finals at the 1997 Copa América and the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup (contested as an invitee).^[41]

Qualification for the FIFA World Cup finals continued being an elusive objective for Peru during the early 21st century.^[37] According to historian Charles F. Walker, player indiscipline problems marred Peru's national team and football league.^[42] Troubles in the FPF, particularly with its then-president Manuel Burga, deepened the crisis in Peruvian football—FIFA temporarily suspended the country from international competition, in late 2008, because the Peruvian government investigated alleged corruption within the FPF.^[43]^[E] Burga's twelve-year tenure as FPF president, deemed by journalists and the public as disastrous for the national team, despite a third place at the 2011 Copa América, ended in 2014.^[45]^[46]^[F] The FPF's new leadership appointed Juan Carlos Oblitas as the federation's new director and Ricardo Gareca as Peru's manager in March 2015.^[49] Sports journalists credited Gareca with revitalizing Peru's football prowess by improving the players' training and professional conduct.^[50] Under Gareca, Peru participated in the group stage of the Russia 2018 World Cup finals and finished runners-up at the 2019 Copa América.^[51]^[52] After Peru narrowly missed qualification for the Qatar 2022 World Cup, losing the inter-continental play-off against Australia, the FPF appointed former team captain Juan Reynoso as Peru's new manager. Dissatisfied with results for the 2026 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, the FPF replaced Reynoso with Uruguayan Jorge Fossati in 2023.^[53]

Kit

The Peru national football team plays in red and white, Peru's national colours.^[54] Its first-choice kit has been, since 1936, white shorts, white socks, and white shirts with a distinctive red "sash" crossing their front diagonally from the proper left shoulder to the right hip and returning on the back from the right hip to the proper left shoulder. This basic scheme has been only slightly altered over the years.^[4]

Peru's kit has won praise as one of world football's most attractive designs. Christopher Turpin, the executive producer of NPR's All Things Considered news show, lauded the 1970 iteration as "the beautiful game's most beautiful shirt", also describing it as "retro even in 1970".^[55] Miles Kohrman, football reporter for The New Republic, commended Peru's kit as "one of soccer's best-kept secrets".^[56] Rory Smith, Chief Soccer Correspondent for The New York Times, referred to Peru's 2018 version of the jersey as "a classic" with a nostalgic, fan-pleasing "blood-red sash".^[57] The version worn in 1978 came first in a 2010 ESPN list of the "Best World Cup jerseys of all time", described therein as "simple yet strikingly effective".^[58]

Peru's first kit, made for the 1927 South American Championship, comprised a white-and-red striped shirt, white shorts and black socks.^[59] At the 1930 World Cup, Peru used an alternate design because Paraguay had already registered a similar kit with white-and-red striped shirts. The Peruvians instead wore white shirts with a red collar, white shorts and black socks.^[59] The team added a horizontal red stripe to the shirt for the 1935 South American Championship. The following year, at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, the team adopted the iconic diagonal red sash design it has retained ever since.^[4] According to historian Jaime Pulgar-Vidal Otálora, the idea for the design came from school football matches in which coloured sashes worn over the shoulder would allow two teams wearing white shirts to play against each other.^[60]

Peru wears as its badge the emblem of the Peruvian Football Federation. The first badge, presented in 1927, had a heater shield design with the country's name and the federation's acronym (FPF). Eight different emblems followed, with the longest-lasting design being the modern French escutcheon form emblazoned in the team's jersey from 1953 until 2014. This design had the Peruvian flag at its base, and either the country's name or the federation's acronym at its chief. Since 2014, the badge has a retro-inspired heater shield design, with the entire field comprised by Peru's flag and the federation's acronym, surrounded by a gold-colored frame.^[61]

Eight sportswear manufacturers have supplied Peru's national team. The first, German company Adidas, supplied the team's kit in 1978 and 1983–1985. The FPF has signed contracts with manufacturers from Brazil (Penalty, 1981–82), Switzerland (Power, 1989–1991), Italy (Diadora, 1991–1992), England (Umbro, 1996–1997, 2010–2018), Ecuador (Marathon Sports, 2018–2022), and another from Germany (Puma, 1987–1989). The team has also been supplied by three local firms: Calvo Sporwear (1986–1987), Polmer (1993–1995), and Walon Sport (1998–2010).^[62]^[63] Since January 2023, Adidas produces Peru's kit.^[64]

Stadium

Exterior of the Estadio Nacional in 2013.

Interior of the Estadio Nacional in 2011.

The traditional home of Peruvian football is the country's national stadium, the Estadio Nacional in Lima, which seats 50,000 spectators.^[15] The present ground is the Estadio Nacional's third incarnation, renovated under the Alan García administration. Its official re-inauguration, 24 July 2011,^[65] marked 88 years to the day after the original ground opened on the same site in 1923.^[66]

To celebrate the centenary of Peru's independence from Spain, Lima's British community donated the original Estadio Nacional, a wooden structure with a capacity of 6,000.^[66] Construction began on 28 July 1921, overseen by President Augusto B. Leguía.^[67] The stadium's re-inauguration on 27 October 1952, under the Manuel A. Odría administration, followed an onerous campaign for its renovation led by Miguel Dasso, president of the Sociedad de Beneficencia de Lima.^[68]^[69] The renovated stadium boasted a cement structure and larger spectator capacity of 53,000.^[67] Its last redevelopment, in 2011, included the construction of a plaque-covered exterior, an internal multicoloured illumination system, two giant LED screens, and 375 private suites.^[70]^[71]

A distinctive feature of the ground is the Miguel Dasso Tower on its north side, which contains luxury boxes (renovated in 2004).^[68] The Estadio Nacional currently has a natural bermudagrass pitch, reinstalled as part of redevelopments completed in 2011. Previously, the FPF had installed artificial turf in the stadium for the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship, making it the only national stadium in CONMEBOL with such a turf.^[72] Despite the synthetic ground's rating of "FIFA Star II", the highest certification granted to artificial pitches, players accused the turf of causing them injuries, such as burns and bruises.^[73]

Peru sometimes play home matches at other venues. Outside the desert-like coast region of Lima, the thin atmosphere at the high-altitude Estadio Garcilaso de la Vega in Cusco has been described as providing strategic advantages for Peru against certain visiting teams.^[74] Other common alternate venues for the national team include two other grounds in the Peruvian capital—Alianza's Estadio Alejandro Villanueva and Universitario's Estadio Monumental ''U''.^[75]^[76]

The national team's training grounds are located within the Villa Deportiva Nacional (VIDENA) sports complex in Lima's San Luis district. Since 1981, the complex is managed by the Peruvian Institute of Sport (IPD).^[77] In 2017, following Peru's qualification for the Russia 2018 World Cup finals, the Peruvian Football Federation announced the creation of a new complex, the Center of National Teams, in Lima's Chaclacayo district. The new complex will contain six training grounds for both the male and the female squads, including the senior and the youth sides.^[78] In 2023, the FPF also announced its Plan Maestro, which incorporates modernized infrastructure in the VIDENA.^[79]

Supporters

Football has been the most popular sport in Peru since the early 20th century, with Peru having one of the largest fanbases in America's and possibly the world.^[80] Originally largely exclusive to Lima's Anglophile elite and expatriates, and secluded from the rest of the city,^[81] football became an integral part of wider popular culture during the 1900s and 1910s. Over the following decades, Augusto Leguía's government institutionalised the sport into a national pastime by promoting and organising its development.^[82] Consequently, the national football team became an important element of Peru's national identity.^[83] According to the historian Carlos Aguirre, nationalist fervor spiked during the qualification phase for the 1970 World Cup finals, because the revolutionary government of General Juan Velasco Alvarado tied the national team's success with the alleged cultural, social, and psychological changes spurred by the country's new political project.^[84]

Peruvian football fans are known for their distinctive cheer ¡Arriba Perú! ("Onward Peru!"),^[5] unabating popular chant ¡Vamos peruanos! (Let's go Peruvians!),^[85] as well as for their use of traditional Peruvian música criolla to express support, both at national team games and at club matches. Música criolla attained national and international recognition with the advent of mass media during the 1930s, becoming a recognised symbol of Peru and its culture.^[86] The national team's most popular anthems are Peru Campeón, a polca criolla (Peruvian polka) glorifying Peru's qualification for the Mexico 1970 World Cup,^[86] and Contigo Perú, a vals criollo (Peruvian waltz) that newspaper El Comercio calls "the hymn of Peruvian national football teams".^[87]^[G] In 2018, a FIFA-sanctioned worldwide online poll honoured the "fervent and dedicated group" of Peruvian supporters at that year's World Cup tournament with the FIFA Fan Award.^[89]

The Estadio Nacional disaster of 24 May 1964, involving Peruvian supporters, is cited as one of the worst tragedies in football history.^[90] During a qualifying match for the 1964 Olympics between Peru's under-20 team and its counterpart from Argentina, the Uruguayan referee Angel Payos disallowed a would-be Peruvian equaliser, alleging rough play. Spectators threw missiles from the stands while two fans invaded the pitch and attacked the referee. Police threw tear gas into the crowd, causing a stampede; trying to escape, fans were crushed against the stadium's locked gates. A total of 315 people died in the chaos, with more than 500 others injured.^[91]

Rivalries

Chile

The Peru national football team maintains prominent rivalries with its counterparts from neighbouring Chile and Ecuador. The Peruvians have a favourable record against Ecuador and a negative record against Chile.^[92]^[93] Peru faced both rivals in the 1939 South American Championship in Lima, which also marked the first time that Peru faced Ecuador in an official tournament; Peru won both games.^[94] Peru also defeated its rivals during qualifying for the Argentina 1978 World Cup, directly eliminating both teams.^[92]^[93]

The Chile–Peru football rivalry is known in Spanish as the Clásico del Pacífico ("Pacific Derby").^[6] CNN World Sport editor Greg Duke ranks it among the top ten football rivalries in the world.^[95] Peru first faced Chile in the 1935 South American Championship, defeating it 1–0.^[93] The football rivalry between Peru and Chile, partly a reflection of the geopolitical conflict between both neighboring states, is primarily a result of both football squads vying for recognition as the better team in South America's Pacific coast—as their football confederation is historically dominated by countries in South America's Atlantic coast.^[96] The two countries traditionally compete with each other over the rank of fourth-best national team in South America (after Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay).^[97] They also both claim to have invented the bicycle kick; Peruvians call it the chalaca, while it is the chilena in Chile.^[98]

Ecuador

The rivalry between the Ecuador and Peru football teams is rooted in the historical border conflict between the two nations dating back to the 19th century. In 1995, after the brief Cenepa War, CONMEBOL contemplated altering that year's Copa América group stage to prevent a match between the two sides, but ultimately did not.^[99] According to cultural historian Michael Handelsman, Ecuadorian fans consider losses to Colombia or Peru "an excuse to lament Ecuador's inability to establish itself as an international soccer power".^[100] Handelsman adds that "[t]he rivalries are intense, and the games always carry an element of national pride and honor".^[100]

Results and fixtures

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

Win Draw Loss Fixture

2023

16 June Friendly	South Korea	0–1	Peru	Busan, South Korea
20:00 UTC+9		Report	Reyna 11'	Stadium: Busan Asiad Main Stadium Attendance: 52,443 Referee: Shaun Evans (Australia)

20 June 2023 Kirin Challenge Cup^[101]	Japan	4–1	Peru	Suita, Japan
18:55 UTC+9	H. Ito 22' Mitoma 37' J. Itō 63' Maeda 75'	Report	Gonzáles 83'	Stadium: Panasonic Stadium Suita Attendance: 35,001 Referee: Khamis Al-Marri (Qatar)

7 September 2026 World Cup qualification	Paraguay	0–0	Peru	Ciudad del Este, Paraguay
18:30 UTC−4		Report		Stadium: Estadio Antonio Aranda Attendance: 16,211 Referee: Andrés Matonte (Uruguay)

12 September 2026 World Cup qualification	Peru	0–1	Brazil	Lima, Peru
21:00 UTC−5		Report	Marquinhos 90'	Stadium: Estadio Nacional Attendance: 56,328 Referee: Fernando Rapallini (Argentina)

12 October 2026 World Cup qualification	Chile	2–0	Peru	Santiago, Chile
21:00 UTC−3	Valdés 74' López 90+1' (o.g.)	Report		Stadium: Estadio Monumental David Arellano Attendance: 36,847 Referee: Wilmar Roldán (Colombia)

17 October 2026 World Cup qualification	Peru	0–2	Argentina	Lima, Peru
21:00 UTC−5		Report	Messi 32', 42'	Stadium: Estadio Nacional Attendance: 37,675 Referee: Jesús Valenzuela (Venezuela)

16 November 2026 World Cup qualification	Bolivia	2–0	Peru	La Paz, Bolivia
16:00 UTC−4	H. Vaca 20' R. Vaca 87'	Report		Stadium: Estadio Hernando Siles Attendance: 28,000 Referee: Guillermo Guerrero (Ecuador)

21 November 2026 World Cup qualification	Peru	1–1	Venezuela	Lima, Peru
21:00 UTC−5	Y.Yotun 17'	Report	J.Savarino 54'	Stadium: Estadio Nacional del Perú Attendance: 27,323 Referee: Darío Herrera (Argentina)

2024

22 March Friendly	Peru	2–0	Nicaragua	Lima, Peru
20:45 UTC+1	Grimaldo 2' Lapadula 12'	Report		Stadium: Estadio Alejandro Villanueva Attendance: 33,900 Referee: Paulo Cezar Zanovelli (Brazil)

26 March Friendly	Peru	4–1	Dominican Republic	Lima, Peru
20:00 UTC−4	Peña 18' Castillo 45+1' Quispe 54' Guerrero 90+4' (pen.)	Report	J.C. López 58'	Stadium: Estadio Monumental Referee: Braulio Da Silva Machado (Brazil)

7 June Friendly	Peru	v	Paraguay	Lima, Peru
20:45 UTC+1				Stadium: Estadio Monumental

14 June Friendly	Peru	v	El Salvador	Philadelphia, United States
20:00 UTC−4				Stadium: Lincoln Financial Field

21 June 2024 Copa América	Peru	v	Chile	Arlington, United States
19:00 UTC−5				Stadium: AT&T Stadium

25 June 2024 Copa América	Peru	v	Canada	Kansas City, United States
17:00 UTC−5				Stadium: Children's Mercy Park

29 June 2024 Copa América	Argentina	v	Peru	Miami Gardens, United States
20:00 UTC−4				Stadium: Hard Rock Stadium

September 2026 World Cup qualification	Peru	v	Colombia	Lima, Peru
--:-- UTC−5				Stadium: Estadio Nacional

September 2026 World Cup qualification	Ecuador	v	Peru	Ecuador
--:-- UTC−5

October 2026 World Cup qualification	Peru	v	Uruguay	Lima, Peru
--:-- UTC−5				Stadium: Estadio Nacional del Perú

October 2026 World Cup qualification	Brazil	v	Peru	Brazil
--:-- UTC−3

November 2026 World Cup qualification	Peru	v	Chile	Lima, Peru
--:-- UTC−5				Stadium: Estadio Nacional del Perú

November 2026 World Cup qualification	Argentina	v	Peru	Argentina
--:-- UTC−3

Managers

A total of 44 managers have led the Peru national football team since 1927 (including multiple spells separately); of these, 36 have been from Peru and 24 have been from abroad.^[102] Sports analysts and historians generally consider Peru's most successful managers to have been the Englishman Jack Greenwell and the Peruvian Marcos Calderón. The former managed Peru to triumph in the 1938 Bolivarian Games and the 1939 South American Championship, and the latter led Peru to victory in the 1975 Copa América tournament and coached it at the 1978 FIFA World Cup.^[103]^[104] Three other managers have led Peru to tournament victories—Juan Carlos Oblitas, Freddy Ternero, and Sergio Markarián each oversaw Peru's victory in the Kirin Cup in Japan, in 1999, 2005 and 2011, respectively.^[105]

Soon after forming Peru's national football team, the FPF invited Uruguayan coaches Pedro Olivieri and Julio Borelli to manage the squad. Olivieri received the FPF's first appointment, for the 1927 South American Championship, due to his prior experience managing Uruguay. Borelli became the national team's second manager, for the 1929 South American Championship, after some years of refereeing football matches in Peru.^[106] The Spaniard Francisco Bru, Peru's third manager and first World Cup coach at the inaugural tournament in 1930, previously had been Spain's first manager.^[103] The FPF next appointed the national team's first Peruvian coach, Telmo Carbajo, for the 1935 South American Championship.^[102] Coach Ricardo Gareca was credited well, bringing Peru to the 2018 FIFA World Cup, finished second in the 2019 and placed third in 2015 and fourth in 2021 Copa América's, along with almost bringing Peru to their 6th World Cup in 2022 but was removed in 2022. The team's manager since December 2023 is the Uruguayan, Jorge Fossati

Managers that brought outstanding changes to the Peru national team's style of play include the Hungarian György Orth and the Brazilians Didi and Tim. Orth coached Peru from 1957 to 1959; sports historian Andreas Campomar cites Peru's "4–1 thrashing of England in Lima" as evidence of Orth's positive influence over the national team's offensive game.^[107] Víctor Benítez, Peru's defensive midfielder under Orth, attributes the Hungarian with maximizing the team's potential by accurately placing each player in their optimal positions.^[108] Didi coached Peru from 1968 to 1970 and managed it at the 1970 FIFA World Cup; Campomar attributes Didi's tactics as the reason for Peru's development of a "free-flowing football" style.^[107] Placar, a Brazilian sports journal, attributed Tim, who managed Peru at the 1982 FIFA World Cup, with making Peru "a team that plays beautiful, combining efficiency with that swagger that people thought only existed in Brazil".^[109]

Players

Current squad

The following 16 foreign-based players were called up for the friendly matches against Paraguay and El Salvador on 7 and 14 June 2024, respectively.^[110]

Caps and goals are correct as of 26 March 2024, after the match against Dominican Republic.

Pos.	Player	Date of birth (age)	Caps	Goals	Club
1GK	Pedro Gallese	(1990-02-23) 23 February 1990 (age 34)	104	0	Orlando City

2DF	Luis Advíncula	(1990-03-02) 2 March 1990 (age 34)	116	2	Boca Juniors
2DF	Luis Abram	(1996-02-27) 27 February 1996 (age 28)	40	1	Atlanta United
2DF	Alexander Callens	(1992-05-04) 4 May 1992 (age 32)	40	1	AEK Athens
2DF	Marcos López	(1999-11-20) 20 November 1999 (age 24)	33	0	Feyenoord
2DF	Miguel Araujo	(1994-10-24) 24 October 1994 (age 29)	30	0	Portland Timbers
2DF	Anderson Santamaría	(1992-01-10) 10 January 1992 (age 32)	27	0	Santos Laguna
2DF	Oliver Sonne	(2000-11-10) 10 November 2000 (age 23)	2	0	Silkeborg

3MF	Renato Tapia	(1995-07-28) 28 July 1995 (age 28)	84	5	Celta Vigo
3MF	Sergio Peña	(1995-09-28) 28 September 1995 (age 28)	36	4	Malmö FF
3MF	Wilder Cartagena	(1994-09-23) 23 September 1994 (age 29)	31	0	Orlando City
3MF	Jesús Castillo	(2001-06-11) 11 June 2001 (age 23)	8	1	Gil Vicente
3MF	Piero Quispe	(2001-08-14) 14 August 2001 (age 22)	4	1	Pumas

4FW	André Carrillo	(1991-06-14) 14 June 1991 (age 33)	97	11	Al-Qadsiah
4FW	Gianluca Lapadula	(1990-02-07) 7 February 1990 (age 34)	31	9	Cagliari
4FW	Bryan Reyna	(1998-08-23) 23 August 1998 (age 25)	10	2	Belgrano

Recent call-ups

The players listed below were not included in the current squad, but have been called up by Peru in the last twelve months.

Pos.	Player	Date of birth (age)	Caps	Goals	Club	Latest call-up
GK	Carlos Cáceda	(1991-09-27) 27 September 1991 (age 32)	8	0	Melgar	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
GK	Diego Romero	(2001-08-17) 17 August 2001 (age 22)	0	0	Universitario	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
GK	Renato Solís	(1998-01-27) 27 January 1998 (age 26)	0	0	Sporting Cristal	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
GK	Alejandro Duarte	(1994-04-05) 5 April 1994 (age 30)	0	0	Alajuelense	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
GK	José Carvallo	(1986-03-01) 1 March 1986 (age 38)	8	0	Universidad César Vallejo	v. Japan, 20 June 2023

DF	Miguel Trauco	(1992-08-25) 25 August 1992 (age 31)	75	0	Criciúma	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
DF	Aldo Corzo	(1989-05-20) 20 May 1989 (age 35)	51	0	Universitario	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
DF	Carlos Ascues	(1992-06-19) 19 June 1992 (age 32)	26	5	Universidad César Vallejo	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
DF	Erick Noriega	(2001-07-22) 22 July 2001 (age 22)	1	0	Comerciantes Unidos	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
DF	Carlos Zambrano	(1989-07-10) 10 July 1989 (age 34)	70	4	Alianza Lima	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
DF	Rafael Lutiger	(2001-07-03) 3 July 2001 (age 22)	0	0	Sport Boys	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^INJ
DF	Jhilmar Lora	(2000-10-24) 24 October 2000 (age 23)	8	0	Sporting Cristal	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Paolo Reyna	(2001-10-13) 13 October 2001 (age 22)	1	0	Atlético Talleres	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Leonardo Díaz	(2004-03-19) 19 March 2004 (age 20)	0	0	Sporting Cristal	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Marco Huamán	(2002-09-25) 25 September 2002 (age 21)	0	0	Alianza Lima	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Matías Lazo	(2003-07-11) 11 July 2003 (age 20)	0	0	Melgar	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Emilio Saba	(2001-03-26) 26 March 2001 (age 23)	0	0	Carlos A. Mannucci	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Arón Sánchez	(2003-05-04) 4 May 2003 (age 21)	0	0	Academia Cantolao	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
DF	Nilson Loyola	(1994-10-26) 26 October 1994 (age 29)	9	0	Universidad César Vallejo	v. Argentina, 17 October 2023
DF	Alonso Yovera	(2001-02-11) 11 February 2001 (age 23)	0	0	Cusco	v. Paraguay, 7 September 2023 ^PRE

MF	Martín Távara	(1999-03-25) 25 March 1999 (age 25)	4	0	Sporting Cristal	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
MF	Pedro Aquino	(1995-04-13) 13 April 1995 (age 29)	36	3	Santos Laguna	v. Nicaragua, 22 March 2024 ^INJ
MF	Yoshimar Yotún ^INJ	(1990-04-07) 7 April 1990 (age 34)	128	8	Sporting Cristal	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
MF	Alexis Arias	(1995-12-13) 13 December 1995 (age 28)	5	0	Melgar	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
MF	Walter Tandazo	(2000-06-14) 14 June 2000 (age 24)	0	0	Melgar	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
MF	Gonzalo Aguirre	(2003-05-06) 6 May 2003 (age 21)	0	0	Nueva Chicago	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
MF	Adrián Ascues	(2002-11-15) 15 November 2002 (age 21)	0	0	Sporting Cristal	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
MF	Kenji Cabrera	(2003-01-27) 27 January 2003 (age 21)	0	0	Melgar	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
MF	Jefferson Cáceres	(2002-08-22) 22 August 2002 (age 21)	0	0	Melgar	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
MF	Sebastián Cavero	(2002-06-20) 20 June 2002 (age 22)	0	0	Melgar	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
MF	Christian Neira	(2000-11-23) 23 November 2000 (age 23)	0	0	Unión Comercio	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
MF	Christofer Gonzáles	(1992-10-12) 12 October 1992 (age 31)	47	3	Universitario	v. Argentina, 17 October 2023
MF	Jairo Concha	(1999-05-27) 27 May 1999 (age 25)	2	0	Universitario	v. Argentina, 17 October 2023
MF	Jostin Alarcón	(2002-07-12) 12 July 2002 (age 21)	0	0	Sporting Cristal	v. Chile, 12 October 2023 ^PRE
MF	Aldair Fuentes	(1998-01-25) 25 January 1998 (age 26)	0	0	Alianza Lima	v. Chile, 12 October 2023 ^PRE
MF	Leonardo Villar	(2000-03-18) 18 March 2000 (age 24)	0	0	Sport Huancayo	v. Chile, 12 October 2023 ^PRE
MF	Christian Cueva	(1991-11-23) 23 November 1991 (age 32)	98	16	Al-Fateh	v. Paraguay, 7 September 2023 ^PRE

FW	Paolo Guerrero (captain)	(1984-01-01) 1 January 1984 (age 40)	117	39	Universidad César Vallejo	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	Edison Flores	(1994-05-15) 15 May 1994 (age 30)	71	15	Universitario	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	Andy Polo	(1994-09-29) 29 September 1994 (age 29)	44	1	Universitario	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	Alex Valera	(1996-05-16) 16 May 1996 (age 28)	15	3	Universitario	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	Joao Grimaldo	(2003-02-20) 20 February 2003 (age 21)	6	1	Sporting Cristal	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	Franco Zanelatto	(2000-05-09) 9 May 2000 (age 24)	4	0	Alianza Lima	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	José Rivera	(1997-05-08) 8 May 1997 (age 27)	2	0	Universitario	v. Dominican Republic, 26 March 2024
FW	Santiago Ormeño	(1994-02-04) 4 February 1994 (age 30)	11	0	Puebla	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
FW	Matías Succar	(1999-02-16) 16 February 1999 (age 25)	0	0	Carlos A. Mannucci	v. Venezuela, 21 November 2023
FW	Jhamir D'Arrigo	(1999-11-15) 15 November 1999 (age 24)	0	0	Alianza LIma	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
FW	Fabrizio Roca	(2002-03-20) 20 March 2002 (age 22)	0	0	Sport Boys	v. Bolivia, 16 November 2023 ^PRE
FW	Christopher Olivares	(1999-04-03) 3 April 1999 (age 25)	0	0	Universitario	v. Chile, 12 October 2023 ^PRE
FW	Brandon Palacios	(1998-03-25) 25 March 1998 (age 26)	0	0	Sport Boys	v. Chile, 12 October 2023 ^PRE
FW	Raúl Ruidíaz	(1990-07-25) 25 July 1990 (age 33)	55	4	Seattle Sounders	v. Brazil, 12 September 2023
^INJ Player withdrew from the squad due to injury/absent from the national team due to injury. ^PRE Preliminary squad ^SUS Player is serving a suspension ^WD Player withdrew from the squad ^RETPlayer has retired from international football.

Notable

A report published by CONMEBOL in 2008 described Peru as traditionally exhibiting an "elegant, technical and fine football style", and praised it as "one of the most loyal exponents of South American football talent".^[111] In 2017, Argentine manager Ricardo Gareca described Peruvian footballers as "technically sound, [physically] strong and adaptable", adding that their adaptability resulted from Peru's diverse geography.^[112]

Peruvian players noted in the CONMEBOL report as "true artists of the ball" include forwards Teófilo Cubillas, Pedro Pablo León and Hugo Sotil, defender Héctor Chumpitaz and midfielders Roberto Challe, César Cueto, José del Solar, and Roberto Palacios.^[111] Cubillas, an attacking midfielder and forward popularly known as El Nene ("The Kid"), is widely regarded as Peru's greatest ever player.^[113] Chumpitaz is often cited as the team's best defender; Witzig lists him among his "Best Players of the Modern Era", and praises him as "a strong reader of the game with excellent ball skills and distribution, [who] marshalled a capable defence to support Peru's attack".^[114] El Gráfico, an Argentine sports journal, described Cueto, Cubillas, and José Velásquez as, collectively, "the best [midfield] in the world" in 1978.^[115]

Before Cubillas' appearance, Teodoro "Lolo" Fernández, a forward nicknamed El Cañonero ("The Cannoneer"), held the status of Peru's greatest player—due to his powerful shots, marksmanship, and club loyalty to Universitario.^[116] Fernández participated as a key member of the Rodillo Negro team of the 1930s, along with Alejandro Villanueva and Juan Valdivieso.^[117] Fernández scored most of the team's goals; his partner in attack, the gifted playmaker Villanueva, awed audiences with his acrobatic skills. Goalkeeper Valdivieso had a reputation as a penalty stopper with exceptional athleticism.^[118]

In 1972, teams representing Europe and South America played a commemorative match in Basel, Switzerland, for the benefit of homeless children. Cubillas, Chumpitaz, Sotil, and Julio Baylón played in the South American team, which won the game 2–0; Cubillas scored the first goal.^[119] The teams held another match the following year, at Barcelona's Camp Nou, with the declared intent of fighting global poverty. Cubillas, Chumpitaz, and Sotil again participated, with Chumpitaz named South America's captain. Each of the Peruvians scored in a 4–4 draw, which South America won 7–6 on penalties.^[120]

Team records

The Peru national football team has played 645 matches since 1927, including friendlies.^[23] The largest margin of victory achieved by a Peru side was a 9–1 win against Ecuador on 11 August 1938, at the Bolivarian Games in Colombia. The team's record defeat was a 7–0 loss to Brazil at the 1997 Copa América in Bolivia.^[23]

As of 26 March 2024^[121]

Players in bold are still active with Peru.

Most appearances

Rank	Player	Caps	Goals	Career
1	Roberto Palacios	128	19	1992–2012
1	Yoshimar Yotún	128	8	2011–present
3	Paolo Guerrero	117	39	2004–present
4	Luis Advíncula	116	2	2010–present
5	Héctor Chumpitaz	105	3	1965–1981
6	Pedro Gallese	104	0	2014–present
7	Jefferson Farfán	102	27	2003–2021
8	Jorge Soto	101	9	1992–2005
9	Christian Cueva	98	16	2011–present
10	André Carrillo	97	11	2011–present
10	Juan Jayo	97	1	1994–2008

The two Peruvian players with the most international caps is Roberto Palacios, and Yoshimar Yotún who both made 128 appearances for the side from 1992 to 2007 and 2011 to present. The player with the third-most caps is Paolo Guerrero with 116. The Peruvian goalkeeper with the most appearances is Pedro Gallese with 103. The goalkeeper with the second-most caps is Óscar Ibáñez with 50; Miguel Miranda is third with 47.^[8]

Top goalscorers

Rank	Player	Goals	Caps	Ratio	Career
1	Paolo Guerrero (list)	39	117	0.33	2004–present
2	Teófilo Cubillas	28	81	0.32	1968–1982
3	Jefferson Farfán	27	102	0.26	2003–2021
4	Teodoro Fernández	24	32	0.75	1935–1947
5	Claudio Pizarro	20	85	0.24	1999–2016
5	Nolberto Solano	20	95	0.21	1994–2008
7	Roberto Palacios	19	128	0.15	1992–2012
8	Hugo Sotil	18	62	0.29	1970–1978
9	Oswaldo Ramírez	17	57	0.3	1969–1982
10	Franco Navarro	16	56	0.29	1980–1989
10	Christian Cueva	16	98	0.16	2011–present

The team's all-time top goalscorer is Paolo Guerrero, with 39 goals in 117 appearances. He is followed by Jefferson Farfán, with 27 goals in 102 appearances, and Teófilo Cubillas, who scored 28 goals in 81 appearances.^[8] Of the top ten scorers for Peru, Teodoro Fernández, with 24 goals in 32 games, holds the best goal-per-appearance ratio (0.75 goals/match).^[8] Claudio Pizarro scored Peru's fastest ever goal, coming less than a minute into a match against Mexico on 20 August 2003.^[122]

Peru's current captain is forward Paolo Guerrero.^[123] Midfielder Leopoldo Basurto was the team's first captain.^[124] Defender Héctor Chumpitaz held the Peruvian team's leadership position for the longest time, between 1965 and 1981.^[125] Forward Claudio Pizarro had the second-longest tenure as captain, from 2003 to 2016.^[124] In 2022, streaming service Netflix launched "Contigo capitán", a series about Paolo Guerrero's doping ban that almost impeded his participation in the 2018 FIFA World Cup.^[126] Other notable captains include Rubén Díaz (1981–1985), Julio César Uribe (1987–1989), Juan Reynoso (1993–1999), and Nolberto Solano (2000–2003).^[125]

Competitive records

FIFA World Cup

Peru has taken part in the World Cup finals five times. The Peruvian team competed at the first World Cup in 1930 by invitation, and has entered each tournament at the qualifying stage since 1958, qualifying for the finals four times: in 1970, 1978, 1982 and 2018. Its all-time record in World Cup qualifying matches, as of 2017, stands at 43 wins, 37 draws and 69 losses. In the finals, the team has won five matches, drawn three and lost ten, with 21 goals in favour and 33 against.^[23] Peru won the inaugural FIFA Fair Play Trophy, awarded at the 1970 World Cup, having been the only team not to receive any yellow or red cards during the competition.^[34] Peru has the peculiar distinction of always facing the tournament's eventual winners during the finals phase.^[127]

Luis de Souza Ferreira scored Peru's first World Cup goal on 14 July 1930, in a match against Romania.^[128] José Velásquez scored Peru's fastest World Cup finals goal—that is, that scored soonest after kick-off—two minutes into the match against Iran on 11 June 1978.^[129] Jefferson Farfán is Peru's top scorer and fifth-overall top scorer in CONMEBOL World Cup qualification, with 16 goals.^[130] Teófilo Cubillas is the team's top scorer in the World Cup finals, with 10 goals in 13 games.^[131] During the 1930 competition, a Peruvian became the first player sent off in a World Cup—his identity is disputed between sources as either defender Plácido Galindo or midfielder Mario de las Casas.^[H] Peru's Ramón Quiroga holds the unusual record of being the only goalkeeper to commit a foul in the opponent's side of the pitch in a match at the World Cup finals.^[134]

FIFA World Cup										Qualification
Year	Host	Round	Pld	W	D	L	F	A	Squad	Pos.	Pld	W	D	L	F	A
1930	Uruguay	Group stage	2	0	0	2	1	4	Squad	Qualified as invitees
1934	Italy	Withdrew								Withdrew
1938	France	Did not enter								Did not enter
1950 to 1954		Withdrew								Withdrew
1958	Sweden	Did not qualify								2nd	2	0	1	1	1	2
1962	Chile									2nd	2	0	1	1	1	2
1966	England									2nd	4	2	0	2	8	6
1970	Mexico	Quarter-finals	4	2	0	2	9	9	Squad	1st	4	2	1	1	7	4
1974	West Germany	Did not qualify								Play-off	3	1	0	2	3	4
1978	Argentina	Quarter-finals	6	2	1	3	7	12	Squad	2nd	6	3	2	1	13	3
1982	Spain	Group stage	3	0	2	1	2	6	Squad	1st	4	2	2	0	5	2
1986	Mexico	Did not qualify								Play-offs	8	3	2	3	10	9
1990	Italy									3rd	4	0	0	4	2	8
1994	United States									4th	6	0	1	5	4	12
1998	France									5th	16	7	4	5	19	20
2002	South Korea Japan									8th	18	4	4	10	14	25
2006	Germany									9th	18	4	6	8	20	28
2010	South Africa									10th	18	3	4	11	11	34
2014	Brazil									7th	16	4	3	9	17	26
2018	Russia	Group stage	3	1	0	2	2	2	Squad	Play-off	20	8	6	6	29	26
2022	Qatar	Did not qualify								Play-off	19	7	4	8	19	22
2026	Canada Mexico United States	To be determined								In progress	6	0	2	4	1	8
2030	Morocco Portugal Spain									To be determined
2034	Saudi Arabia									To be determined
Total		Quarter-finals	18	5	3	10	21	33	—	5/22	174	50	43	81	184	241

Copa América

Peru's national team has taken part in 33 editions of the Copa América since 1927, and has won the competition twice (in 1939 and 1975), showing great results, almost always getting past the group stage. The country has hosted the tournament six times (in 1927, 1935, 1939, 1953, 1957 and 2004). Peru's overall record in the competition is 52 victories, 33 draws, and 57 losses.^[23] Peru won the Fair Play award in the 2015 edition.^[135]

Demetrio Neyra scored Peru's first goal in the competition on 13 November 1927, in a match against Bolivia.^[59] Christian Cueva scored Peru's fastest Copa América goal, two minutes into the match against Brazil on 14 June 2015.^[136] Four tournaments have featured a Peruvian top scorer—Teodoro Fernández in 1939 and Paolo Guerrero in 2011, 2015, and 2019.^[137]^[138] Fernández, the Copa América's third-overall scorer, was named best player of the 1939 tournament; Teófilo Cubillas, voted the best player in the 1975 competition, is the only other Peruvian to win this award.^[139]

Peru earned its first continental title in 1939, when it won the South American Championship with successive victories over Ecuador, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay. This marked the first time that the competition had been won by a team other than Uruguay, Brazil, or Argentina.^[140] Peru became South American champions for the second time in 1975, when it won that year's Copa América, the first to feature all ten CONMEBOL members.^[141] Peru came top of their group in the first round, eliminating Chile and Bolivia, and in the semi-finals drew with Brazil over two legs, winning 3–1 in Brazil but losing 2–0 at home. Peru was declared the winner by drawing of lots. In the two-legged final between Colombia and Peru, both teams won their respective home games (1–0 in Bogota and 2–0 in Lima), forcing a play-off in Caracas that Peru won 1–0.^[142]


South American Championship (1916–1967)
Year	Host	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	Squad
1916 to 1926		Did not enter
1927	Peru	Third place	3	1	0	2	4	11	Squad
1929	Argentina	Fourth place	3	0	0	3	1	12	Squad
1935	Peru	Third place	3	1	0	2	2	5	Squad
1937	Argentina	Sixth place	5	1	1	3	7	10	Squad
1939	Peru	Champions	4	4	0	0	13	4	Squad
1941	Chile	Fourth place	4	1	0	3	5	5	Squad
1942	Uruguay	Fifth place	6	1	2	3	5	10	Squad
1945 to 1946		Withdrew
1947	Ecuador	Fifth place	7	2	2	3	12	9	Squad
1949	Brazil	Third place	7	5	0	2	20	13	Squad
1953	Peru	Fifth place	6	3	1	2	4	6	Squad
1955	Chile	Third place	5	2	2	1	13	11	Squad
1956	Uruguay	Sixth place	5	0	1	4	6	11	Squad
1959 (first)	Argentina	Fourth place	6	1	3	2	10	11	Squad
1959 (second)	Ecuador	Did not enter
1963	Bolivia	Fifth place	6	2	1	3	8	11	Squad
1967	Uruguay	Withdrew
Copa América (1975–present)
Year	Host	Round	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	Squad
1975	No fixed host	Champions	9	6	1	2	14	7	Squad
1979	No fixed host	Third place	2	0	1	1	1	2	Squad
1983	No fixed host	Third place	6	2	3	1	1	7	Squad
1987	Argentina	Group stage	2	0	2	0	2	2	Squad
1989	Brazil	Group stage	4	0	3	1	4	7	Squad
1991	Chile	Group stage	4	1	0	3	9	9	Squad
1993	Ecuador	Quarter-finals	4	1	2	1	4	5	Squad
1995	Uruguay	Group stage	3	0	1	2	2	2	Squad
1997	Bolivia	Fourth place	6	3	0	2	2	2	Squad
1999	Paraguay	Quarter-finals	4	2	1	1	7	6	Squad
2001	Colombia	Quarter-finals	4	2	2	3	4	8	Squad
2004	Peru	Quarter-finals	4	1	2	1	7	6	Squad
2007	Venezuela	Quarter-finals	4	1	1	2	5	8	Squad
2011	Argentina	Third place	6	3	1	2	8	5	Squad
2015	Chile	Third place	6	3	1	2	8	5	Squad
2016	USA	Quarter-finals	4	2	2	0	4	2	Squad
2019	Brazil	Runners-up	6	2	2	2	10	11	Squad
2021	Brazil	Fourth place	7	2	2	3	10	14	Squad
2024	USA	Qualified
Total	2 titles	33/47	137	56	37	59	203	224	—

CONCACAF Gold Cup

Peru competed in the CONCACAF Gold Cup's fifth edition in 2000. Peru participated, along with Colombia and South Korea, as that year's invitees. The Peruvian team's overall record in the tournament is 1 victory, 1 draw, and 2 losses.^[23]

Ysrael Zúñiga scored Peru's first goal in the competition on 14 February 2000, in a match against Haiti. Roberto Palacios, the team's top scorer with two goals in four matches, received a spot in that year's "team of the tournament", comprising the competition's eleven best players.^[143]

Peru progressed past the North American tournament's first stage, despite not winning any of its matches, as the second-best ranked team in Group B behind the United States.^[143] Peru next defeated Honduras 5–3 in a heated quarter-finals match that ended a minute early due to a pitch invasion by irate Honduran fans.^[144] Colombia defeated Peru 2–1 in the semi-finals, in a match that included an own goal from Peru's Marcial Salazar.^[143]

Olympic Games

Peru's senior side has competed in the Olympic football tournament once, at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. The multiracial 1936 team has been latterly described by historian David Goldblatt as "the jewel of the country's first Olympic delegation".^[145] It had a record of two victories, scoring 11 goals and conceding 5.^[23]

Teodoro Fernández scored Peru's first goal in the tournament in the match against Finland on 6 August, and finished as the team's top scorer with six goals in two games, including Peru's only hat-trick at the Olympics.^[146]

The 1935 South American Championship in Lima acted as the qualifying stage for the 1936 Olympic tournament. Uruguay won undefeated and Argentina came second, but neither took up their Olympic spot because of economic issues. Peru, who had come third, duly represented South America.^[7]^[147] The Peruvian team began the competition with a 7–3 win over Finland,^[146] after which it faced Austria, managed by Jimmy Hogan and popularly known as the Wunderteam, in the quarter-finals.^[I] After the game ended 2–2, Peru scored twice in extra time to win 4–2.^[151] Peru expected to then face Poland in the semi-finals, but events off the pitch led to the withdrawal of Peru's Olympic delegation before the match.^[J]

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Notes and references

Notes

^ The acronym FPF comes from the organisation's Spanish name, Federación Peruana de Fútbol.
^ The Lima Cricket and Football Club might be the oldest club in the Americas that today plays association football.^[10]
^ During these games in Callao, the Peruvians possibly invented the bicycle kick, which is known in Peru as the chalaca (meaning "from Callao").^[16]
^ The European press also named them the "Peru-Chile XI", the "South American Team", and the "All-Pacific". Most players were from Peru's Universitario de Deportes, with reinforcements from Alianza Lima, Atlético Chalaco, and Chile's Colo-Colo.^[19]
^ In 2008, FIFA suspended the Peru national team and football league—citing political interference—after Peru's government impeded the re-election of FPF president Burga, charging him with not complying FPF statutes according to Peruvian law. In December 2008, FIFA lifted sanctions after the Peruvian Institute of Sport (IPD) agreed to negotiate with the FPF.^[44]
^ In 2017, Burga faced charges of racketeering, wire fraud, and money laundering as part of the 2015 FIFA corruption case in the United States.^[47] Although acquitted, the FIFA Ethics Committee ruled, in 2019, Burga guilty of receiving bribes for Copa Libertadores and Copa America tournaments, thereupon banning him for life on taking part in any football-related activity worldwide.^[48]
^ Peru's unsuccessful World Cup finals qualification attempts, from Mexico 1986 until Russia 2018, cemented the fans' nostalgia for the 1970s' golden era and increased the popularity of Peru Campeón.^[88]
^ FIFA lists the player as Galindo,^[132] but forward Souza Ferreira and other sources list De las Casas.^[133]
^ Although an amateur side in 1936 with no players from their 1934 World Cup team,^[148] Austria's 1936 Olympic side is also considered part of the Wunderteam by sports historians and FIFA. This favours the idea that the Wunderteam was primarily a strategic creation of coaches Jimmy Hogan and Hugo Meisl.^[149]^[150]
^ Austria disputed the 4–2 result, asserting that Peruvian fans had invaded the pitch.^[152] While some spectators did encroach on the field of play, the authorities never confirmed their nationality. Moreover, the Peruvians had no responsibility over crowd control in the German stadium.^[153] A FIFA committee headed by Jules Rimet ordered a replay behind closed doors, prompting Peru's President Óscar R. Benavides to withdraw his entire Olympic delegation in protest.^[152]

References

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^ "The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking". FIFA. 20 June 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
^ Elo rankings change compared to one year ago. "World Football Elo Ratings". eloratings.net. 21 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "La Blanquiroja" (in Spanish). ArkivPeru. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b Foley Gambetta 1983, p. 12.
^ ^a ^b "A derby and a debut in South America". FIFA. 10 October 2011. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Witzig 2006, p. 349.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d José Luis Pierrend (31 August 2017). "Peru – Record International Players". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
^ ^a ^b Gerardo Tomas Álvarez Escalona. "La difusión del fútbol en Lima" (in Spanish). National University of San Marcos. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ "¿Sabías que Perú tiene el club de fútbol más antiguo de América?". Perú.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ Higgins 2005, p. 130.
^ Eli Schmerler and Carlos Manuel Nieto Tarazona (14 March 2013). "Peru – Foundation Dates of Clubs". RSSSF. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
^ Juan Luis Orrego Penagos (18 October 2008). "La historia del fútbol en el Perú" (in Spanish). Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP). Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ Jacobsen 2008, p. 378.
^ ^a ^b ^c Henshaw 1979, p. 571.
^ DK Publishing 2011, p. 100.
^
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- Stein 2011, pp. 3–4.
^ Goldblatt 2008, p. 135.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Campomar 2014, p. 153.
^ Murray 1994, p. 127.
^ "Historia" (in Spanish). FPF. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ Jaime Pulgar-Vidal Otálora (23 October 2007). "La Selección Peruana de 1924" (in Spanish). Jaime Pulgar-Vidal. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g José Luis Pierrend (6 March 2012). "Peru International Results". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ Basadre 1964, pp. 4672–4673.
^ Basadre 1964, pp. 4671–4673.
^ Carpio, Iván (26 January 2012). "Rayas históricas" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
^
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- Miró 1958, p. 66.
^ Thorndike 1978, p. 158.
^ Iglesias, Waldemar (31 July 2012). "Cuando Perú Humilló a Hitler". Clarín (in Spanish). Grupo Clarín. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.
^ ^a ^b Henshaw 1979, p. 572.
^ "The Silence of the Bombonera". FIFA. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ Radnedge 2001, p. 195.
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^ Fiore 2012, p. "El Nene" de Perú.
^ DK Publishing 2010, p. 75.
^ ^a ^b ^c Vickery, Tim (29 June 2015). "Chile must see off Peru attack to win first Copa America trophy on home soil". ESPN FC. ESPN Inc. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
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^ Homewood, Brian (8 June 2018). "Soccer: Gareca leads extraordinary change in Peru's fortunes". Reuters. Thomson Reuters Corporation. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
^ "Peru became the final side to qualify for the World Cup with a 2-0 play-off victory over New Zealand". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. 15 November 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
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^ Witzig 2006, p. 338.
^ Turpin, Christopher (15 June 2010). "The Lost Elegance of Football Jerseys". NPR. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ Kohrman, Miles (10 July 2014). "Was This the Best World Cup Uniform of All Time?". The New Republic. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
^ Friedman, Vanessa (15 June 2018). "A Fashion Expert and a Football Expert Had a Conversation About World Cup Kits". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
^ Bennett, Roger (10 March 2010). "Best World Cup jerseys of all time". ESPN. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c Jaime Pulgar-Vidal Otálora (24 February 2007). "Hace 80 Años Debutó Peru" (in Spanish). Jaime Pulgar-Vidal. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ Jaime Pulgar-Vidal Otálora (6 September 2012). "La Blanquiroja: La Camiseta de Todos los Colores" (in Spanish). Jaime Pulgar-Vidal. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ Hidalgo, Marcelo (23 October 2016). "Federación Peruana de Fútbol: todos los escudos en su historia". Depor.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
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^ Fernández, Mario (3 December 2010). "Modelo 2011: Conozca la Nueva Camiseta de la Selección peruana". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
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^ "Estadio Nacional se inauguró con la selección y fuegos artificiales". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 24 July 2011. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Colonia británica donó primer estadio nacional" (in Spanish). Británico. 25 July 2011. Archived from the original on 5 July 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Google Maps: Así luce el Estadio Nacional desde el aplicativo". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 18 March 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
^ ^a ^b Juan Luis Orrego Penagos (20 October 2008). "Estadios de fútbol en Lima (1)" (in Spanish). PUCP. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ Leigh Raffo 2005, p. 266.
^ Nomberto, Víctor R. (23 July 2011). "Historia del Estadio Nacional" (in Spanish). PUCP. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ "IPD ofrece un recorrido en 360° del Estadio Nacional de Lima" (in Spanish). Andina.com. 26 July 2011. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ "No más sintético: el Estadio Nacional ya luce césped natural". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 24 January 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ "Evaluará FIFA Cuestionadas Canchas Artificiales en Perú". El Universal (in Spanish). El Universal Compañía Periodística Nacional. 9 March 2007. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ Witzig 2006, pp. 323–325.
^ "La selección también jugará en Matute". Perú 21 (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 18 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ "Selección Nacional podría jugar ante Ecuador en el Estadio Monumental". Depor.pe (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 10 April 2013. Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ "Terreno de la Videna es del IPD, señala Serpar ante reclamo de vecinos". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 9 September 2013. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
^ "Perú clasificó a Rusia 2018 y tendrá nueva casa". Depor.pe (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 11 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
^ "Plan Maestro: La Bicolor® y el Fútbol Peruano Tendrán Modernas Instalaciones en la Videna de San Luis".
^ Bravo 2012, p. 42.
^ Wood 2007, p. 128.
^ Wood 2007, pp. 128–129.
^ Campomar 2014, pp. 303–304.
^ Aguirre 2013, pp. 397–398.
^ Ochoa, Roberto (27 June 2018). "El tango del ganador". La República (in Spanish). Grupo La República. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
^ ^a ^b Wood 2007, p. 130.
^ "Cuando Óscar Avilés "clasificó" con Perú al Mundial de 1978". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 5 April 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
^ Aguirre 2013, p. 412.
^ "The FIFA Fan Award". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
^
See:
- Snyder 2001, p. 78,
- Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.
^
See:
- Snyder 2001, p. 79,
- Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.
^ ^a ^b "Ecuador-Peru, 1938–2011". RSSSF. 6 March 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Chile – Peru matches, 1935–2011". RSSSF. 6 March 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
^ Henshaw 1979, p. 652.
^ Duke, Greg (6 November 2008). "Top 10 international rivalries". CNN. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
^ Pahuacho Portella, Alonso Roberto (2017). La representación de la rivalidad futbolística Perú/Chile en la prensa escrita peruana: Análisis de los diarios El Comercio, La Prensa y La Crónica (1935-1947) (Licentiate) (in Spanish). Lima: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
^ Henshaw 1979, p. 126.
^ Witzig 2006, p. 22.
^ Llopis 2009, p. 171.
^ ^a ^b Handelsman 2000, p. 49.
^ "List of International matches". jfa.jp. Japan Football Association (JFA). Retrieved 4 January 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Selección peruana: Estos han sido sus entrenadores a lo largo de la historia". Perú21 (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 5 March 2015. Archived from the original on 23 June 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b Castro, Roberto (16 May 2008). "Once Ideal: La cumbre de los técnicos" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ Panfichi & Vich 2005, p. 162.
^ "Perú comparte la Copa Kirin con Japón y República Checa". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ Behr, Raúl (6 June 2012). "El entrenador del silbato" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b Campomar 2014, p. 304.
^ Mario Fernández Guevara (17 December 2013). "Víctor Benítez: "¿Pizarro jugó? Yo sí jugué los 90 minutos y fui campeón de Europa"". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
^ Cabral, Sérgio (1981). "A Bringo O Jogo". Placar (592). Editora Abril: 30.
^ Peruvian Football Federation [@SeleccionPeru] (23 May 2024). "Los elegidos del exterior" (Tweet) (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 May 2024 – via Twitter.
^ ^a ^b "Peruvian Football Federation". CONMEBOL. Archived from the original on 1 August 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ "Gareca: I want Peru to boss matches at the World Cup". FIFA.com. 11 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
^
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- Witzig 2006, p. 156,
- Henshaw 1979, p. 160,
- Dunmore 2011, p. 63.
^ Witzig 2006, p. 149.
^ Panfichi & Vich 2005, p. 161.
^ "The first king of La U and Peru". FIFA.com. 17 September 2017. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
^ Witzig 2006, pp. 131, 350, 486.
^ Witzig 2006, p. 350.
^ Henshaw 1979, p. 143.
^ Henshaw 1979, pp. 144–145.
^ Pierrend, José Luis. "Peru - Record International Players". RSSSF.
^ "'Cachito' anotó el tercer gol más rápido de Perú en los últimos años". Depor.pe (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 8 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
^ "Vuelve el capitán: Paolo Guerrero convocado a la selección peruana". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 2 June 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Fiestas Patrias: ¿Recuerdas a los últimos capitanes de la Selección Peruana? Algunos te sorprenderán". Depor.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 8 October 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
^ ^a ^b Dt, Redacción (4 October 2017). "Selección: Paolo Guerrero y los delanteros de Perú". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ ""Contigo capitán" en Netflix: así le fue a la serie peruana en vistas a nivel internacional". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
^ "Perú siempre jugó en los Mundiales con el equipo que terminó siendo campeón". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 18 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
^ Henshaw 1979, p. 789.
^ "Selección Peruana: planteles, resultados y datos caletas en los mundiales". Depor.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 10 June 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ "Jefferson Farfán es uno de los goleadores históricos de las Eliminatorias". RPP Noticias (in Spanish). Grupo RPP. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Witzig 2006, p. 156.
^ "101 Facts" (PDF). FIFA Magazine. June–July 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ Canelo, Pedro (11 May 2010). "El primer expulsado en la historia de los mundiales fue peruano". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
^ Witzig 2006, p. 341.
^ "Perú obtuvo el premio Fair Play de la Copa América 2015". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 4 July 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ "Selección Peruana: Christian Cueva anotó el gol más rápido de la bicolor en 40 años". Depor.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 14 June 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Roberto Mamrud and Karel Stokkermans (6 July 2016). "Copa América 1916–2016". RSSSF. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
^ "Paolo Guerrero y Everton fueron los máximos goleadores de la Copa América 2019". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 7 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2010.
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^ Henshaw 1979, p. 648.
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^ ^a ^b ^c Courtney, Barrie (19 November 2005). "CONCACAF Championship, Gold Cup 2000 - Full Details". RSSSF. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
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^ Castro, Roberto; Tirado, Alfredo (3 August 2010). "Perú en los Juegos Olímpicos de 1936: Berlín sin muros" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
^
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- Agostino 2002, p. 80,
- Witzig 2006, p. 351.
^ "Classic Coach: Hugo Meisl – The banker's son who masterminded a Wunderteam". FIFA. Archived from the original on 8 March 2008. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
^ Murray 1994, p. 66.
^ ^a ^b Mandell 1987, p. 194.
^ Witzig 2006, pp. 352, 358.

External links

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Inaugural Champions	Bolivarian Champions 1938 (First title)	Succeeded by U-20 Peru
Preceded by 1937 Argentina	South American Champions 1939 (First title)	Succeeded by 1941 Argentina
Preceded by 1967 Uruguay	South American Champions 1975 (Second title)	Succeeded by 1979 Paraguay
Preceded by 1998 Japan	Kirin Cup Champions 1999 (First title, shared)	Succeeded by 2000 Slovakia
Preceded by 2004 Japan	Kirin Cup Champions 2005 (Second title, shared)	Succeeded by 2006 Scotland
Preceded by 2009 Japan	Kirin Cup Champions 2011 (Third title, shared)	Succeeded by 2016 Bosnia and Herzegovina

[4] The acronym FPF comes from the organisation's Spanish name, Federación Peruana de Fútbol.

[12] The Lima Cricket and Football Club might be the oldest club in the Americas that today plays association football.^[10]

[19] During these games in Callao, the Peruvians possibly invented the bicycle kick, which is known in Peru as the chalaca (meaning "from Callao").^[16]

[28] The European press also named them the "Peru-Chile XI", the "South American Team", and the "All-Pacific". Most players were from Peru's Universitario de Deportes, with reinforcements from Alianza Lima, Atlético Chalaco, and Chile's Colo-Colo.^[19]

[49] In 2008, FIFA suspended the Peru national team and football league—citing political interference—after Peru's government impeded the re-election of FPF president Burga, charging him with not complying FPF statutes according to Peruvian law. In December 2008, FIFA lifted sanctions after the Peruvian Institute of Sport (IPD) agreed to negotiate with the FPF.^[44]

[54] In 2017, Burga faced charges of racketeering, wire fraud, and money laundering as part of the 2015 FIFA corruption case in the United States.^[47] Although acquitted, the FIFA Ethics Committee ruled, in 2019, Burga guilty of receiving bribes for Copa Libertadores and Copa America tournaments, thereupon banning him for life on taking part in any football-related activity worldwide.^[48]

[95] Peru's unsuccessful World Cup finals qualification attempts, from Mexico 1986 until Russia 2018, cemented the fans' nostalgia for the 1970s' golden era and increased the popularity of Peru Campeón.^[88]

[141] FIFA lists the player as Galindo,^[132] but forward Souza Ferreira and other sources list De las Casas.^[133]

[159] Although an amateur side in 1936 with no players from their 1934 World Cup team,^[148] Austria's 1936 Olympic side is also considered part of the Wunderteam by sports historians and FIFA. This favours the idea that the Wunderteam was primarily a strategic creation of coaches Jimmy Hogan and Hugo Meisl.^[149]^[150]

[163] Austria disputed the 4–2 result, asserting that Peruvian fans had invaded the pitch.^[152] While some spectators did encroach on the field of play, the authorities never confirmed their nationality. Moreover, the Peruvians had no responsibility over crowd control in the German stadium.^[153] A FIFA committee headed by Jules Rimet ordered a replay behind closed doors, prompting Peru's President Óscar R. Benavides to withdraw his entire Olympic delegation in protest.^[152]

[1] @VarskySports (13 December 2023). "Jorge Fossati 🇺🇾 es el nuevo DT de la Selección de Perú 🇵🇪" (Tweet) (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023 – via Twitter.

[FIFA_World_Rankings-2] "The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking". FIFA. 20 June 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.

[World_Football_Elo_Ratings-3] Elo rankings change compared to one year ago. "World Football Elo Ratings". eloratings.net. 21 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.

[Arkivperu.com,_''La_Blanquiroja''-5] "La Blanquiroja" (in Spanish). ArkivPeru. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEFoley_Gambetta198312-6] Foley Gambetta 1983, p. 12.

[Chile_Peru_rivalry-7] "A derby and a debut in South America". FIFA. 10 October 2011. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006349-8] Witzig 2006, p. 349.

[Peru_player_record-9] José Luis Pierrend (31 August 2017). "Peru – Record International Players". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2018.

[sisbib.unmsm.edu.pe-10] Gerardo Tomas Álvarez Escalona. "La difusión del fútbol en Lima" (in Spanish). National University of San Marcos. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[11] "¿Sabías que Perú tiene el club de fútbol más antiguo de América?". Perú.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEHiggins2005130-13] Higgins 2005, p. 130.

[14] Eli Schmerler and Carlos Manuel Nieto Tarazona (14 March 2013). "Peru – Foundation Dates of Clubs". RSSSF. Retrieved 16 March 2015.

[15] Juan Luis Orrego Penagos (18 October 2008). "La historia del fútbol en el Perú" (in Spanish). Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP). Retrieved 4 July 2015.

[FOOTNOTEJacobsen2008378-16] Jacobsen 2008, p. 378.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979571-17] Henshaw 1979, p. 571.

[FOOTNOTEDK_Publishing2011100-18] DK Publishing 2011, p. 100.

[20] See:
Goldblatt 2008, pp. 135–136,

Stein 2011, pp. 3–4.

[28] Goldblatt 2008, pp. 135–136,

[29] Stein 2011, pp. 3–4.

[FOOTNOTEGoldblatt2008135-21] Goldblatt 2008, p. 135.

[FOOTNOTECampomar2014153-22] Campomar 2014, p. 153.

[FOOTNOTEMurray1994127-23] Murray 1994, p. 127.

[24] "Historia" (in Spanish). FPF. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[Pulgar_Vidal,_''La_Seleccion...''-25] Jaime Pulgar-Vidal Otálora (23 October 2007). "La Selección Peruana de 1924" (in Spanish). Jaime Pulgar-Vidal. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[RSSSF,_''International_Results''-26] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g José Luis Pierrend (6 March 2012). "Peru International Results". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEBasadre19644672–4673-27] Basadre 1964, pp. 4672–4673.

[FOOTNOTEBasadre19644671–4673-29] Basadre 1964, pp. 4671–4673.

[30] Carpio, Iván (26 January 2012). "Rayas históricas" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 3 March 2015.

[31] See:
Basadre 1964, pp. 4671–4673,

Miró 1958, p. 66.

[40] Basadre 1964, pp. 4671–4673,

[41] Miró 1958, p. 66.

[FOOTNOTEThorndike1978158-32] Thorndike 1978, p. 158.

[33] Iglesias, Waldemar (31 July 2012). "Cuando Perú Humilló a Hitler". Clarín (in Spanish). Grupo Clarín. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEGoldblatt2008642-34] Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979572-35] Henshaw 1979, p. 572.

[FIFA.com,_Silence-36] "The Silence of the Bombonera". FIFA. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTERadnedge2001195-37] Radnedge 2001, p. 195.

[Fair_Play-38] "FIFA World Cup: Milestones, facts & figures. Statistical Kit 7" (PDF). FIFA. 18 March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2013.

[FOOTNOTEFiore2012"El_Nene"_de_Perú-39] Fiore 2012, p. "El Nene" de Perú.

[FOOTNOTEDK_Publishing201075-40] DK Publishing 2010, p. 75.

[Tim_Vickery-41] Vickery, Tim (29 June 2015). "Chile must see off Peru attack to win first Copa America trophy on home soil". ESPN FC. ESPN Inc. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

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[dasso-74] Juan Luis Orrego Penagos (20 October 2008). "Estadios de fútbol en Lima (1)" (in Spanish). PUCP. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

[FOOTNOTELeigh_Raffo2005266-75] Leigh Raffo 2005, p. 266.

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[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006323–325-80] Witzig 2006, pp. 323–325.

[81] "La selección también jugará en Matute". Perú 21 (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 18 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

[82] "Selección Nacional podría jugar ante Ecuador en el Estadio Monumental". Depor.pe (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 10 April 2013. Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

[83] "Terreno de la Videna es del IPD, señala Serpar ante reclamo de vecinos". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 9 September 2013. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.

[84] "Perú clasificó a Rusia 2018 y tendrá nueva casa". Depor.pe (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 11 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.

[85] "Plan Maestro: La Bicolor® y el Fútbol Peruano Tendrán Modernas Instalaciones en la Videna de San Luis".

[FOOTNOTEBravo201242-86] Bravo 2012, p. 42.

[FOOTNOTEWood2007128-87] Wood 2007, p. 128.

[FOOTNOTEWood2007128–129-88] Wood 2007, pp. 128–129.

[FOOTNOTECampomar2014303–304-89] Campomar 2014, pp. 303–304.

[FOOTNOTEAguirre2013397–398-90] Aguirre 2013, pp. 397–398.

[91] Ochoa, Roberto (27 June 2018). "El tango del ganador". La República (in Spanish). Grupo La República. Retrieved 27 June 2018.

[FOOTNOTEWood2007130-92] Wood 2007, p. 130.

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[FOOTNOTEAguirre2013412-94] Aguirre 2013, p. 412.

[96] "The FIFA Fan Award". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2019.

[97] See:
Snyder 2001, p. 78,

Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.

[105] Snyder 2001, p. 78,

[106] Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.

[98] See:
Snyder 2001, p. 79,

Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.

[108] Snyder 2001, p. 79,

[109] Goldblatt 2008, p. 642.

[Ecuador_Peru_record-99] "Ecuador-Peru, 1938–2011". RSSSF. 6 March 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2013.

[Chile_Peru_record-100] "Chile – Peru matches, 1935–2011". RSSSF. 6 March 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979652-101] Henshaw 1979, p. 652.

[102] Duke, Greg (6 November 2008). "Top 10 international rivalries". CNN. Retrieved 27 June 2013.

[103] Pahuacho Portella, Alonso Roberto (2017). La representación de la rivalidad futbolística Perú/Chile en la prensa escrita peruana: Análisis de los diarios El Comercio, La Prensa y La Crónica (1935-1947) (Licentiate) (in Spanish). Lima: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979126-104] Henshaw 1979, p. 126.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig200622-105] Witzig 2006, p. 22.

[FOOTNOTELlopis2009171-106] Llopis 2009, p. 171.

[FOOTNOTEHandelsman200049-107] Handelsman 2000, p. 49.

[List_of_International_matches-108] "List of International matches". jfa.jp. Japan Football Association (JFA). Retrieved 4 January 2022.

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[FOOTNOTEPanfichiVich2005162-111] Panfichi & Vich 2005, p. 162.

[112] "Perú comparte la Copa Kirin con Japón y República Checa". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

[113] Behr, Raúl (6 June 2012). "El entrenador del silbato" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTECampomar2014304-114] Campomar 2014, p. 304.

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[116] Cabral, Sérgio (1981). "A Bringo O Jogo". Placar (592). Editora Abril: 30.

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[119] "Gareca: I want Peru to boss matches at the World Cup". FIFA.com. 11 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.

[120] See:
Witzig 2006, p. 156,

Henshaw 1979, p. 160,

Dunmore 2011, p. 63.

[132] Witzig 2006, p. 156,

[133] Henshaw 1979, p. 160,

[134] Dunmore 2011, p. 63.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006149-121] Witzig 2006, p. 149.

[FOOTNOTEPanfichiVich2005161-122] Panfichi & Vich 2005, p. 161.

[123] "The first king of La U and Peru". FIFA.com. 17 September 2017. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2017.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006131,_350,_486-124] Witzig 2006, pp. 131, 350, 486.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006350-125] Witzig 2006, p. 350.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979143-126] Henshaw 1979, p. 143.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979144–145-127] Henshaw 1979, pp. 144–145.

[RSSSF-128] Pierrend, José Luis. "Peru - Record International Players". RSSSF.

[129] "'Cachito' anotó el tercer gol más rápido de Perú en los últimos años". Depor.pe (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 8 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2013.

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[133] ""Contigo capitán" en Netflix: así le fue a la serie peruana en vistas a nivel internacional". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2023.

[134] "Perú siempre jugó en los Mundiales con el equipo que terminó siendo campeón". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 18 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979789-135] Henshaw 1979, p. 789.

[136] "Selección Peruana: planteles, resultados y datos caletas en los mundiales". Depor.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 10 June 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[137] "Jefferson Farfán es uno de los goleadores históricos de las Eliminatorias". RPP Noticias (in Spanish). Grupo RPP. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006156-138] Witzig 2006, p. 156.

[139] "101 Facts" (PDF). FIFA Magazine. June–July 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

[140] Canelo, Pedro (11 May 2010). "El primer expulsado en la historia de los mundiales fue peruano". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. Retrieved 19 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006341-142] Witzig 2006, p. 341.

[143] "Perú obtuvo el premio Fair Play de la Copa América 2015". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 4 July 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.

[144] "Selección Peruana: Christian Cueva anotó el gol más rápido de la bicolor en 40 años". Depor.com (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 14 June 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2017.

[145] Roberto Mamrud and Karel Stokkermans (6 July 2016). "Copa América 1916–2016". RSSSF. Retrieved 7 July 2019.

[146] "Paolo Guerrero y Everton fueron los máximos goleadores de la Copa América 2019". El Comercio (in Spanish). Empresa Editora El Comercio. 7 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2010.

[147] Tabeira, Martín (19 July 2007). "The Copa América Archive – Trivia". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979648,_652-148] Henshaw 1979, pp. 648, 652.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979648-149] Henshaw 1979, p. 648.

[FOOTNOTEHenshaw1979656–657-150] Henshaw 1979, pp. 656–657.

[GoldCup-151] Courtney, Barrie (19 November 2005). "CONCACAF Championship, Gold Cup 2000 - Full Details". RSSSF. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[152] "CONPLUS: SOCCER -- GOLD CUP; Peru Given Victory After Riot in Miami". The New York Times. Associated Press. 20 February 2000. Retrieved 22 November 2017.

[FOOTNOTEGoldblatt2008641-153] Goldblatt 2008, p. 641.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006351-154] Witzig 2006, p. 351.

[155] Tabeira, Martín (23 November 2007). "Southamerican Championship 1935". RSSSF. Retrieved 23 June 2013.

[156] Castro, Roberto; Tirado, Alfredo (3 August 2010). "Perú en los Juegos Olímpicos de 1936: Berlín sin muros" (in Spanish). DeChalaca. Retrieved 25 June 2013.

[157] See:
Agostino 2002, p. 80,

Witzig 2006, p. 351.

[171] Agostino 2002, p. 80,

[172] Witzig 2006, p. 351.

[158] "Classic Coach: Hugo Meisl – The banker's son who masterminded a Wunderteam". FIFA. Archived from the original on 8 March 2008. Retrieved 25 June 2013.

[FOOTNOTEMurray199466-160] Murray 1994, p. 66.

[FOOTNOTEMandell1987194-161] Mandell 1987, p. 194.

[FOOTNOTEWitzig2006352,_358-162] Witzig 2006, pp. 352, 358.

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Peru national football team
General	Peruvian Football Federation History Managers
Stadiums	Estadio Nacional del Perú Estadio Alejandro Villanueva Estadio Garcilaso Estadio Monumental "U"
Statistics and results	Results 2000–19 2020–present National records
Players	Current squad International players
Goals	Paolo Guerrero
FIFA World Cup	Summary 1930 1970 1978 1982 2018
Copa América	Summary 1939 1975
CONCACAF Gold Cup	Summary 2000
Other tournaments	Summer Olympics
Culture	Rodillo Negro Estadio Nacional disaster Indiscipline scandals National kit
Rivalries	Bolivia Chile Colombia Ecuador
Other FPF teams	Men's team U23 U20 U17 Women's team W-U20 W-U17 Futsal Beach soccer