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Metallica is an American heavy metal band formed in Template:City-state in 1981.^[1] They have released eight studio albums, two live albums, two EPs, nine videos, and are currently working on a ninth studio album.

Metallica has become one of the most commercially successful musical acts of recent decades, and are considered one of "The Four Horsemen" or "Big Four" pioneers of thrash metal, along with Slayer, Anthrax, and Megadeth.^[2] The band have sold more than 90 million records worldwide,^[3][4] including 57 million albums in the United States alone,^[5][6] which makes them the most commercially successful thrash metal band of all time.^[5]

History

Early days (1981-83)

Metallica was formed in Los Angeles, California in early 1981. Danish-born drummer Lars Ulrich wanted to form a band and placed an advertisement in the local paper, the Recycler, reading "Drummer looking for other metal musicians to jam with, Tygers of Pan Tang, Diamond Head and Iron Maiden".^[7] Guitarist James Hetfield and his friend Hugh Tanner answered the advertisement. Although he had not formed a band, Ulrich asked Metal Blade Records founder Brian Slagel if he could record a track for the label's upcoming compilation Metal Massacre. Ulrich recruited Hetfield to play guitar and sing.^[7]

Ulrich talked to his friend Ron Quintana, who was brainstorming names for a fanzine. Quintana had proposed "Metal Mania" and "Metallica". Ulrich convinced him to use "Metal Mania" so he could use Metallica for his band. Ulrich placed a second advertisement in the Recycler for a position as guitarist, Dave Mustaine answered. After seeing Mustaine's expensive gear, Ulrich and Hetfield signed him up. In early 1982, Metallica recorded their first original song titled "Hit The Lights", for the Metal Massacre compilation. Hetfield played bass on the song and Lloyd Grant was credited with a guitar solo.^[7] On March 14, 1982, Metallica played their first live show at Radio City in Anaheim, CA with newly recruited bassist Ron McGovney.^[8]

Metallica recorded their first demo titled Power Metal, a named inspired by Quintana's early business cards. Metal Massacre I was released and early pressings listed the band as "Mettallica", which angered the band. A second demo titled No Life 'Till Leather was released on July 6, 1982, and featured seven original songs. Ulrich and Hetfield attended a show at the Whiskey A Go-Go, featuring bassist Cliff Burton in a band called Trauma. The two were blown away by Burton's use of a wah-wah pedal and asked him to join the band, as Ulrich and Hetfield were unhappy with McGovney. Hetfield and Mustaine thought McGovney was a follower and he "didn't contribute anything, he just followed".^[9] Burton originally declined the offer, although by the end of the year he accepted, only if the band would move to San Francisco.^[9]

Metallica headlined at The Old Waldorf, and the band met Exodus guitarist Kirk Hammett for the first time on November 29, 1982. After listening to No Life 'Till Leather, concert promoter Johnny 'Z' Zazula offered Metallica to play live shows on the east cost of the U.S. The band's first live show with Burton was at The Stone in March 1983, and a fourth demo was released called Megaforce, which was the first Metallica recording to feature Burton. The band met with Zazula and purchased a U-haul to travel to New York. Zazula asked members of the band Anthrax if Metallica could stay with them. Anthrax set Metallica in an old building in Jamaica, Queens and offered their showers for Metallica members as the building had none. Zazula signed Metallica to his label Megaforce Records, after receiving no interest from labels for their demo. Metallica decided that Mustaine had to leave the band, due to drug, alcohol abuse and violent behavior.^[10] Hammett flew in to replace Mustaine the same afternoon, and Metallica's first show with Hammett was on April 16, 1983 at The Showplace Dover, New Jersey.^[9]

Kill 'Em All

In late spring 1983, the band traveled to Rochester, New York to record their first album, Metal Up Your Ass with production duties handled by Paul Curcio. However, due to conflicts with the band's record label and distributors refusing to release an album with that name, the album was renamed Kill 'Em All. Released on Megaforce Records in the U.S. and Music for Nations in Europe, the album was not an initial financial success, but earned Metallica a growing fanbase in the underground metal scene. The band embarked on the Kill 'Em All For One tour with Raven. The 1989 re-release included "Am I Evil?", a cover version from Diamond Head, and "Blitzkrieg" from the band Blitzkrieg.^[11]

Ride the Lightning

Metallica began writing their follow-up to Kill Em All. While on tour with Anthrax, some of Metallica's equipment was stolen including Hetfield's Marshall amplifier. Hetfield traveled over Europe to find a comparable amp. Guitar technician John Marshall stated "They literally looked at every Marshall amp in Western Europe. They eventually found one that sounded good in some little Danish music shop".^[12] In February 1984, Metallica flew to Europe to support Venom on the Seven Dates of Hell tour. One show included performing in front of 7,000 people at the Aardschok Festival in Zwolle, Holland.^[12]

Metallica recorded Ride The Lightning at Sweet Silence Studios in Copenhagen, Denmark. The album was released in August 1984, where a Europe printing press mistakenly printed green covers for the album, which are now collector's items. "Fade to Black", is said to be inspired by the theft of the band's equipment earlier in the year. Other songs the album are "For Whom the Bell Tolls", "Creeping Death", and the 9-minute instrumental "The Call of Ktulu". Mustaine was credited for "Ride the Lightning" and "The Call of Ktulu".^[12]

Master of Puppets

A&R director Michael Alago of Elektra records, and co-founder of Q-Prime Management Cliff Burnstein, attended a September Metallica show. Impressed with what they saw, the two signed Metallica to Elektra and made the band clients of Q-Prime Management. Metallica embarked on their first major European tour with Tank to an average crowd of 1,300. Returning to the U.S marked a tour co-headlining with W.A.S.P., and Armored Saint supporting. The band attended the Monsters of Rock Festival on August 17, 1985 with Bon Jovi and Ratt at Castle Donnington in England, playing in front of 70,000 people. A show in Oakland, California at the Day on the Green saw the band play in front of 60,000.^[13]

Master of Puppets was recorded at Sweet Silence Studios and was released on February 21, 1986. The album peaked at number 29 on the Billboard 200, and spent 72 weeks on the charts.^[14] The album became the band's first to be certified gold on November 4 1986, and would later be certified 6x platinum.^[15] As said by Burton, most of the songs deal with things that happen when people are dependent on drugs, while "Disposable Heroes" has a military theme.^[13] Some critics consider the album to be the "greatest heavy metal album of all time".^[16] Following the release of the album, Metallica supported Ozzy Osbourne for a U.S. tour.^[13] Hetfield broke his wrist while skateboarding down a hill in Evansville, Indiana. He continued to tour performing vocals, while guitar technician John Marshall played rhythm guitar.^[17]

Death of Cliff Burton

On September 27, 1986, during the European leg of their Damage Inc. tour, the band drew cards to see who would sleep on which bunk. Burton drew the ace of spade and chose Hammett's bunk. Around dawn near Dörarp, Sweden, the bus driver lost control and skidded, causing the bus to flip several times. Ulrich, Hammett, and Hetfield sustained no serious injuries, however bassist Burton was pinned under the bus and was killed. Hetfield recalls "I saw the bus lying right on him. I saw his legs sticking out. I freaked. The bus driver, I recall, was trying to yank the blanket out from under him to use for other people. I just went, 'Don't fucking do that!' I already wanted to kill the guy."^[17] Burton's death left the band's future in doubt. The three remaining members decided that Burton would want them to carry on, and with the Burton family's blessings, the band sought a replacement.^[18]

Roughly 40 people tried out for the auditions including Hammett's childhood friend Les Claypool of Primus, Troy Gregory of Prong, and Jason Newsted, formerly of Flotsam and Jetsam. Newsted learned Metallica's entire setlist, and after the audition Metallica took him to Tommy's Joint in San Francisco. Hetfield, Ulrich and Hammett met in the bathroom for a conference and decided that Newsted was the one to replace Burton. Hammett thought that "The worst thing we could do is just sit in our room and sulk over the matter and wallow in our pity. The more you think about it, the deeper you sink".^[18] Newsted's first live performance was at the Country Club in Reseda, Calif, and the members took it upon themselves to "intiate" Newsted by tricking him into eating a ball of wasabi.^[18][19]

In March 1987, Hetfield broke his wrist a second time skateboarding. Guitar technician Miller filled in again, and the injury forced Hetfield to miss a Saturday Night Live appearance. The band finished their tour in the early months of 1987, and on August 21, 1987, with the hectic and tragic Damage Inc. tour behind them, the band released an all covers EP titled The $5.98 E.P.: Garage Days Re-Revisited. The EP was recorded in an effort to utilize their newly constructed recording studio, test out the talents of Newsted, and to relieve grief and stress following the death of Burton. A video titled Cliff 'Em All was released in 1987 commemorating Burton's 3 and a half years in Metallica. Footage included bass solos, home videos and pictures.^[20]

...And Justice for All

...And Justice for All, the first studio album since Burton's death, was released in 1988. The album was a massive commercial success, reaching number 6 on The Billboard 200, their first album to reach the top 10.^[21] Newsted's bass was purposely turned down on the album as a part of the continuous "hazing" he received, and his musical ideas were ignored out of disrespect. There were other complaints with the production, Steve Huey of All Music Guide noted Ulrich's drums were clicking more than thudding, and the guitars "buzz thinly".^[22] The Damaged Justice tour followed to promote the album.

In 1989, Metallica received its first Grammy Award nomination for ...And Justice for All in the newly created Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrument category. Metallica were favorites to win the award, however, the award was given to Jethro Tull for the album Crest of a Knave.^[23] The result generated controversy among fans and the press, as Metallica was expected to take home the award and was standing off-stage waiting to receive it after performing the song "One". Jethro Tull (who was considered to not even be a Hard Rock/Metal group) had been advised by their manager not to attend the ceremony as he was expecting Metallica to win.^[23] The award was named in Entertainment Weekly's "Grammy's 10 Biggest Upsets".^[24] Three years later, Ulrich referred to the snub in accepting a Grammy for "Enter Sandman" stating "We gotta thank Jethro Tull for not putting out an album this year".^[25]

Following Metallica's release of ...And Justice for All, they embraced the mainstream music world with their debut music video for the song "One". The band performed the song in an abandoned warehouse, and was then extensively "remixed" with footage of the film version of Johnny Got His Gun. Rather than organize an ongoing licensing deal, Metallica purchased the rights to the film outright. The "remix" video was submitted to MTV, with the alternate "performance only" version held back in the event that MTV would ban the remix version. MTV accepted the remix version despite its length (the video ran for nearly ten minutes). The video would be viewers' first exposure to Metallica and was voted number 25 in the fall of 1999 when MTV aired its last "Top 100 Videos of All Time" countdown. The video was also prominently featured during MTV's 25th Anniversary edition of "ADD Video," which showcased the top videos to air on MTV in the last 25 years.^[26]

Metallica (The Black Album)

In October 1990, Metallica entered One on One studio in North Hollywood to record their next album. Bob Rock was hired as producer who had worked with the bands The Cult, Bon Jovi and Mötley Crüe. The self-titled album or "the black album" was remixed three times, release was stalled for almost a year, cost $1 million, and ended three marriages. In February, 1991 Metallica won the Grammy Award for Best Heavy Metal Performance for their cover version of Queen's "Stone Cold Crazy".^[27]

On 14 August 1991, Metallica was released and peaked at number 1 on the Billboard 200 with sales exceeding 600,000.^[28] The album has since been certified 14x platinum in the U.S., and is the 25th highest selling album.^[29] The majority of the making of the album and the following tour was documented in A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica. Dubbed the Wherever We May Roam Tour, the tour was a 14-month stretch which included tour dates in the U.S., Japan and England.^[27]

On August 9, 1992 during a financially successful co-headlining GNR-Metallica Stadium Tour with Guns N' Roses, Hetfield suffered severe second and third degree burns to his arms, face, hands, and legs. There was confusion with the new pyrotechnics setup, which resulted with Hetfield walking into a 12-foot flame during "Fade to Black". Newstead recalls Hetfield's skin was "bubbling like on the Toxic Avenger". Guitar technician John Marshall once again stepped in as Hetfield was unable to play guitar. The band's first box set was released in November 1993 called Live Shit: Binge & Purge. The collection contained three live CD's, three home videos, a snake pit pass, and a book filled with riders and letters.^[30]

Load, ReLoad, Garage Inc., S&M

After almost three years of touring to support The Black Album, including a headlining performance at Woodstock 1994, Metallica returned to the studio to write and record their sixth studio album. The band took a break in the summer of 1995 and played three outdoor shows which included headlining Donington Park U.K., supported by Slayer, Skid Row, Slash's Snakepit, Therapy? and Corrosion of Conformity. The short tour was titled 'Escape from The studio Tour 1995'. The band spent roughly a year writing and recording new songs, resulting in the release of Load. The cover of Load was created by Andres Serrano, and was called Blood and Semen III. Serrano pressed a mixture of his own semen and bovine blood between two sheets of plexiglass.^[31] Load entered the Billboard 200 and ARIA charts at number 1, marking the band's second chart topping album.^[21]

During early production, the band produced enough material for a double album. However, it was decided that half of the songs would be released first, and the band would continue to work on the remaining songs, and release them the following year. This resulted in the follow-up album, ReLoad. The cover was once again created by Serrano, although this time using a mixture of blood and urine.^[31] ReLoad peaked at number 1 on the Billboard 200, and number 2 on the Top Canadian Album chart.^[21] Hetfield noted in the 2004 documentary film Some Kind of Monster that the songs on these two albums were initially thought by the band to be of average quality, and were polished and reworked repeatedly until judged to be releasable. To promote ReLoad, Metallica performed on NBC's Saturday Night Live in December 1997, performing "Fuel" and "The Memory Remains" with Marianne Faithful.^[32]

In 1998, Metallica compiled a double CD of cover songs called Garage Inc.. The first CD contained newly recorded covers including Killing Joke, The Misfits, Thin Lizzy, Mercyful Fate, and Black Sabbath. The second CD gathered together previously released covers, including the original The $5.98 E.P.: Garage Days Re-Revisited, which had become a scarce collector's item. The album entered the Billboard 200 at number 2.^[32] On February 24, 1999, Metallica was awarded the Diamond award for over 10 million shipments of the Metallica album.^[33]

On March 7, 1999, Metallica was inducted into the San Francisco Walk of Fame. The mayor of San Francisco, Willie Brown, proclaimed the day "Official Metallica Day" in San Francisco.^[33] A month later, on April 21 and 22, 1999, Metallica recorded two performances with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra conducted by Michael Kamen. Kamen, who had previously worked with producer Rock on "Nothing Else Matters", approached the band eight years ago, just after The Black Album was released with the idea of pairing Metallica's music with a symphony orchestra. Kamen and his staff of over 100 composed additional orchestral material for a number of Metallica songs and the concerts featured a selection of songs dating back to Ride the Lightning. Metallica wrote two brand new Kamen-scored songs for the event, "No Leaf Clover" and "Human". The audio recording and concert footage were released later that year as the album and concert film S&M, in November 1999. It entered the Billboard 200 at number 2, Australian ARIA charts at number 1, and number one on the Top Internet Albums.^[21]

Napster controversy

In 2000, Metallica discovered that a demo of their song "I Disappear" was receiving radio airplay. Tracing the source of the leak, the band found the file on the Napster P2P file-sharing network. The song supposed to be released in combination with the Mission: Impossible II soundtrack. They soon discovered that in addition to the demo, their entire catalog was freely available.^[34] The band initiated legal action against Napster, with Ulrich leading the case as Hetfield's second son had just been born. A lawsuit was filed at the U.S. District Court, Central District of California, alleging that Napster encourages piracy by allowing its users to trade copyrighted songs. The lawsuit stated Napster violated three areas of the law, copyright infringements, unlawful use of digital audio interface device, and the Racketeering Influenced & Corrupt Organizations Act.^[35]

The lawsuit named three universities University of Southern California, Yale University, and Indiana University, no individuals were named. Yale and Indiana complied and blocked the service from its campuses, and as a result Metallica withdrew the universities inclusion in the lawsuit.^[36] Southern California, however, had a meeting with students to figure out what would happen with Napster. School administrators wanted it banned as it used 40% of the bandwidth, which was not for educational purposes.^[37]

Metallica hired online consulting firm NetPD, to monitor the Napster service for a weekend. A list of 335,435 Napster users who they believed were sharing Metallica's music online was compiled, and the 60,000 page document was delivered to Napster's office as Metallica requested the users be banned from the service.^[38] The users were banned, and rap artist Dr. Dre joined the lawsuit against Napster, which resulted in an additional 230,142 Napster users being banned.^[39] The RIAA also filed a lawsuit for copyright infringement.^[40]

This led to Ulrich providing a statement to the Senate Judiciary Committee regarding copyright infringement on July 11, 2000.^[34] Federal Judge Marilyn Hall Patel ordered the site be shutdown until a settlement is reached. German media conglomerate Bertelsmann AG BMG showed interest and purchased Napster making it a pay to use program. Under the terms of settlement, Napster agreed to block users who shared files artists do not want to share their music.^[41]

Ulrich attended the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, in a skit with host Marlon Wayans that blasted the idea of using Napster to share music. Marlon played a college student sitting in his dorm room listening to Metallica's "I Disappear". Ulrich, playing himself, walked in and asked for an explanation. Upon receiving Wayans' excuse that using Napster was just "sharing", Lars retorted that Marlon's idea of sharing was simply borrowing things that were not yours without asking. He called in the Metallica road crew, who proceeded to confiscate all Wayans' belongings, leaving him almost nude in an empty room. Napster creator Shawn Fanning responded later in the ceremony by presenting an award wearing a Metallica shirt, saying "I borrowed this shirt from a friend. Maybe, if I like it, I'll buy one of my own".^[42] In 2007, years after the controversy, Metallica was named #17 on Blender magazine's list of "biggest wusses in rock" for its "anti-Napster crusade".^[43]

Newsted's departure

As plans were being made to enter the recording studio in 2001, Newsted left the band. His statement revealed his departure was based on "private and personal reasons, and the physical damage I have done to myself over the years while playing the music that I love".^[44] Metallica constantly put Newsted through "hazing" and emotional tests, including throwing his clothes and cassette tapes out of a hotel window, and telling people he was gay. Newsted said he put up with it because it was Metallica, his dream come true. He recalls he was "definitely frustrated, fed up and kind of feeling unliked. They did it to see if I could handle it. If you're going to fill the shoes of Cliff Burton, you have to be resilient".^[45]

During a Playboy interview with Metallica, Newsted revealed intentions he wanted to release an album with his side-project Echobrain. Hetfield felt strongly against it and said "When someone does a side project, it takes away from the strength of Metallica" and a side project is "like cheating on your wife in a way".^[45] Newsted countered his statement by saying Hetfield recorded vocals for a song in the South Park movie, and appears on several Corrosion of Conformity albums. Hetfield replied "My name isn't on those records. And I'm not out trying to sell them", and pondered questions such as "Where would it end? Does he start touring with it? Does he sell shirts? Is it his band?".^[45] In the Some Kind of Monster documentary, Newsted described his former bandmates' decision to hire a therapist to help solve their problems as "really fucking lame, and weak".^[46]

St. Anger

In April 2001, filmmakers Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky began following Metallica to document the recording process of their next studio album. Over a period of two years over 1000 hours of footage was recorded. On July 19, 2001, before preparations to enter the recording studio Hetfield entered rehab due to "alcoholism and other addictions". All recording plans were put on hiatus until Hetfield's return on December 4, 2001.^[48] On his return Hetfield was required to work four hours a day, 12 to 4, and spend the rest of his time with his family. Hetfield was not happy with Ulrich and Rock working on the album when he had left the building and confronted the two. Rock stated it was not to do it "behind his back" but to do it for him. Rock handled bass duties for the recording sessions. The footage recorded by Berlinger and Sinofsky was cut-down into the documentary Some Kind of Monster, which premiered at the Sundance film festival.

Following the album's recording, Metallica held auditions for Newsted's permanent replacement in early 2003. Among the auditioning bassists were Pepper Keenan, Jeordie White, Scott Reeder, Eric Avery, Danny Lohner, and Chris Wyse. Following three months of auditions Robert Trujillo formerly of Suicidal Tendencies, and Ozzy Osbourne's band was chosen as the new bassist. As Metallica moved on, Newsted joined Canadian thrash metal band Voivod in 2002, and became Trujillo's replacement in Ozzy's band during the 2003 Ozzfest tour, which included Voivod as part of the touring bill.^[47]

In June 2003, Metallica's eighth full-length recording St. Anger, debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. The intentionally raw and unpolished album drew harsh criticism from fans and critics, although some praised the aggression of the album.^[49] The record's under-produced sound, Hetfield's "flexible" sense of pitch, Ulrich's steely sounding snare, and the absence of any guitar solos received particular criticism.^[49] Kevin Forest Moreau of Shakingthrough.net commented "The guitars stumble in a monotone of mid-level, processed rattle; the drums don't propel as much as struggle to disguise an all-too-turgid pace; and the rage is both unfocused and leavened with too much narcissistic navel-gazing", while ^[50] Brent DiCrescenzo of Pitchfork described it as "an utter mess".^[51] However, Blender magazine called it the "grimiest and grimmest of the band's Bob Rock productions", and New York Magazine called it "utterly raw and rocking".^[49] The album won the best metal performance at the 2004 Grammys, and the song "St. Anger" was used as the official theme song for WWE's SummerSlam 2003.

While preparing for the Download Festival in England in 2004, Ulrich was rushed to hospital with a mysterious illness, and was unable to perform.^[52] Hetfield searched for volunteers at the last minute to replace Ulrich; Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo and Slipknot drummer Joey Jordison volunteered, with Lombardo performing the songs "Battery" and "The Four Horsemen".^[52] Having toured extensively for two years in support of St. Anger on the Summer Sanitarium Tour 2003 in festivals featuring band such as Mudvayne, Deftones, Linkin Park, and Limp Bizkit and the Madly in Anger with the World tour with Godsmack, Metallica took a break from performing and spent most of 2005 with friends and family. However for two shows on November 13, 2005 and November 15, 2005, the band opened for the Rolling Stones at AT&T park in San Francisco.^[53]

Ninth studio album

On February 16 2006, Metallica announced on their official website that after 15 years, longtime producer Bob Rock would be stepping down and would not be producing Metallica's next studio album. Rock had produced every Metallica album since 1991. Metallica is working on a studio album with producer Rick Rubin^[54] who has produced albums for other prominent rock and metal bands such as Danzig, Slayer, System of a Down, and Slipknot. Metallica debuted an untitled song nicknamed "The New Song" in Berlin, Germany on June 6, 2006 on the European leg of the Escape from the Studio '06 mini tour.^[55] On August 12, 2006, Metallica debuted another song in Tokyo, Japan, nicknamed "The Other New Song".^[56] However, in a June 2007 interview with Greece's Rock Hard Magazine, Trujillo said that the two songs "won't make it [on the album], at least not in that form".^[57]

Metallica announced that they would release a DVD containing all their videos from 1989 to 2004. The DVD, The Videos 1989-2004, was released on December 4, 2006 worldwide and on December 5 in North America.^[58] The DVD sold 28,000 copies in its first week, and entered the Billboard Top Videos chart at number 3.^[59] Metallica recorded a cover of Ennio Morricone's "The Ecstasy of Gold" for a tribute album titled We All Love Ennio Morricone, released on February 20, 2007. A recording of "The Ecstasy of Gold" has been played as the introduction for every Metallica performance since the mid-1980s. However, this new version features the band itself performing the piece, giving a new guitar-based interpretation to the music.^[60] On February 9, 2007 Metallica confirmed that pre-production on the new studio album had been completed, and recording of the new album would begin on March 12, 2007. The band embarked on a Europe tour titled Sick of the Studio '07, which included 11 shows.

On July 7, 2007, Metallica performed at Wembley Stadium as part of Live Earth, performing the songs "Sad But True", "Nothing Else Matters" and "Enter Sandman". BBC, who were broadcasting the event from the UK, were flooded with complaints after they missed the beginning of "Sad But True" and then cut off before "Enter Sandman" during the set, to a pre-recorded Crowded House performance from the Sydney show.^[61] The band performed at Wembley Stadium the following day, as part of the Sick of the Studio '07, with support from Mastodon, Machine Head and HIM.^[62]

Awards and recognition

Metallica has won seven Grammy Awards:

• 1990: Best Metal Performance - "One"
• 1991: Best Metal Performance - "Stone Cold Crazy"
• 1992: Best Metal Performance With Vocal - Metallica
• 1999: Best Metal Performance - "Better Than You"
• 2000: Best Hard Rock Performance - "Whiskey in the Jar"
• 2001: Best Rock Instrumental Performance - "The Call of Ktulu" with Michael Kamen and the San Francisco Symphony
• 2004: Best Metal Performance - "St. Anger"

MTV Video Music Awards:

• 1992: Best Metal Video - "Enter Sandman"
• 1996: Best Metal Video - "Until it Sleeps"

American Music Awards:

• 1996: Favorite Artist: Heavy Metal/Hard Rock: Metallica - Load
• 1996: Favorite Metal/Hard Rock Song - "Until it Sleeps"

Bammies:

• 1996: Outstanding Drummer: Lars Ulrich
• 1997: Outstanding Hard Rock Album: ReLoad

Billboard Music Awards:

• 1997: Billboard Rock and Roll Artist of the Year: Metallica (RIAA Diamond Award)
• 1999: Catalog Artist of the Year: Metallica
• 1999: Catalog Album of the Year: Metallica (The Black Album)

Kerrang! awards:

• 2003: Hall of Fame

Governor's Award:

• 2004: Governor's Award - Metallica

Metallica was ranked by MTV as the third "Greatest Heavy Metal Band in History",^[63] was listed at number five on VH1's "100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock",^[64] and number 1 on VH1's "20 Greatest Metal Bands".^[65] In 2006, Kerrang! magazine ranked Metallica as the third most important band in the past 25 years. Kerrang! also ranked three of Metallica's albums in the "100 Greatest Rock Albums Ever": Ride the Lightning (#80), Metallica (#15) and Master of Puppets (#2). Master of Puppets was ranked number 167 on Rolling Stone's "500 Great Albums of all time", and Metallica was number 252.^[66] Master of Puppets was also named in Q Magazine's "50 Heaviest Albums Of All Time",^[67] ranked number 1 on IGN's "Top 25 Metal Albums",^[68] and number one on Metal-rules.com "Top 100 Heavy Metal Albums".^[69] The song "Enter Sandman" was number 399 on Rolling Stone's "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".^[70]

Metallica was awarded the MTV icon award in 2003, and a concert was held paying tribute to the band with artists performing cover versions of their songs. Performances included Sum 41 with a medley of "For Whom The Bell Tolls, "Enter Sandman", and "Master of Puppets". Staind covered "Nothing Else Matters", Avril Lavigne played "Fuel", rap artist Snoop Dogg sang "Sad But True", Korn played "One", with Limp Bizkit performing their rendition of "Welcome Home (Sanitarium)".^[71] The band will be eligible for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2008.^[72]

Band members

Current members

• James Hetfield - rhythm guitar, lead vocals (1981 - present)
• Kirk Hammett - lead guitar, backing vocals (1983 - present)
• Robert Trujillo - bass, backing vocals (2003 - present)
• Lars Ulrich - drums, percussion (1981 - present)

Former Members

• Jason Newsted - bass, backing Vocals (1986 - 2001)
• Cliff Burton - bass, backing Vocals (1982 - 1986)
• Dave Mustaine - lead guitar, backing vocals (1981 - 1983)
• Ron McGovney - bass (1982)

Discography

Studio albums

See also

• List of best-selling music artists
• List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
• List of rock instrumentals
• Spastik Children
• Damaged Justice
• So What!
• Flemming Rasmussen
• Bob Rock
• Rick Rubin
• Big Mick
• Apocalyptica, a cello-rock band who have recorded several Metallica covers.
• The String Quartet, a series of cover albums that includes The String Quartet Tribute to Metallica.
• Metallica in the media

References

Books

1. Steffan Chirazi and Metallica (2004). So What!: The Good, The Mad, and The Ugly. Broadway. ISBN 0767918819.
2. Glenn T. Pillsbury (2006). Damage Incorporated: Metallica and the Production of Musical Identity. Routledge. ISBN 9780415973748.

Footnotes

External links

• Official Website
• Metallica On AOL Music
• Template:MySpace

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