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Revision as of 12:37, 20 April 2014
A metro system is a rapid transit train system. In some cases, metro systems are referred to as subways, U-Bahns or undergrounds. As of January 2014[update], 190 metro systems in 54 countries are listed. The earliest metro system, the London Underground, first opened as an "underground railway" in 1863,[1] and truly achieved metro status in 1890[citation needed] with the opening of its first electrified underground line.[1]
Considerations
The International Association of Public Transport (L’Union Internationale des Transports Publics, or UITP) defines metro systems as urban passenger transport systems, "operated on their own right of way and segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic."[2][3] The terms Heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail are essentially synonymous with the term "metro".[4][5][6] Heavy rail systems are also specifically defined as an "electric railway".[4][5]
The dividing line between metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail[4][5] and commuter rail,[4][5] is not always clear, and while UITP only makes distinctions between "metros" and "light rail",[2] the U.S.'s APTA and FTA distinguish all three modes.[4][5] A common way to distinguish metro from light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic. And in contrast to commuter rail or light rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequencies and substantially higher passenger volume capacities. Furthermore, most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is however not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or Overhead line.
The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion or exclusion. Some cities use metro as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded light rail that meet every criterion for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted in the provided network data. Certain transit networks match the technical level and service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are sometimes known as suburban, regional or commuter rail. These are not included. Neither are funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transport systems.
This list counts metros separately when multiple metros in one city or metropolitan area have separate owners or operating companies. This list expressly does not aim at representing the size and scope of the total rapid transit network of a certain city or metropolitan area. The data of this list should not be used to infer the size of a city’s, region’s, or country’s rapid transit systems, or to establish a ranking. Doing so would in many cases lead to a gross misrepresentation.
Legend
- Location
- Primary city served by the metro system.
- Country
- Country (i.e. independent nation or sovereign state) in which the metro system is located.
- Name
- The most common English name of the system (and the connecting Wiki page for that system).
- Year opened
- The year the system was opened for commercial service at metro standards. In other words, parts of the system may be older, but as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network, so the year that the system obtained metro standards (e.g. electrified) is the one listed.
- Stations
- The number of stations in the network, as quoted by the system's operating company.
- System length
- The system length of a metro network is the sum of the lengths of all routes in the rail network in kilometers (or miles). Each route is counted only once, regardless of how many lines pass over it, and regardless of whether it is single-track or multi-track, single carriageway or dual carriageway.
List
This list is sortable. Click on the 
icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order.
Metro systems under construction
The following is an incomplete list of worldwide metro systems currently under construction:
See also
- Metro systems by annual passenger rides
- List of Latin American rail transit systems by ridership
- List of North American rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership
- List of driverless trains
- List of airport people mover systems
- List of monorail systems
- List of funicular railways
- List of suburban and commuter rail systems
- List of tram and light rail transit systems
- List of North American light rail systems by ridership
- List of United States light rail systems by ridership
- List of town tramway systems
- List of rail transit systems in the United States
- List of trolleybus systems
- List of bus rapid transit systems
- Articulated bus
- Rapid transit in India
- List of Premetro systems
References
Notes
- ^ There are 78 stations according to official source. But there are 68 stations when counting transfer stations as one.
- ^ Line H of Buenos Aires Metro had last expansion in 2013.
- ^ Line U2 was extended to Aspern Seestadt in 2013.
- ^ Latest restoration of old line in 2011
- ^ The Moskovskaya Line expanded in 2012
- ^ Not including stations of premetro Lines T3, T4, and T7.
- ^ Line 2's loop was completed in 2009
- ^ Most recent expansion of Line 4. Other extensions projected to become operational in 2014.
- ^ See Orange Line (Montreal Metro)
- ^ See Sheppard line
- ^ See Canada Line
- ^ Opened for full public revenue service in 1981. Accepting visitors since 1969; operational on a limited basis since 1971 – between 1971 and 1981 members of the public had to present a permit or a credentialed letter to ride the subway.
- ^ As of December 28, 2013, the number of unique stations in operation in the Beijing Subway is 232. The unique station count treats the multiple platforms of a station complex as one station. If each station complex's platforms are counted as separate stations, then the total number of stations in operation as of February 15, 2014 would be 262. The unique station count of 232 excludes: the Erligou Station on Line 6, the Andelibeijie and National Art Museum Stations on Line 8, the Wangjing East Station on Line 15 and the Yizhuang Railway Station on the Yizhuang Line, which were not in use as of December 28, 2013. Also excluded are the three restricted stations of Line 1, which are no longer used. The total station count of 262 excludes the stations listed above and treats the Gongyixiqiao Station as two stations, as the southern terminus for Line 4 and northern terminus for the Daxing Line, even though through-train service have effectively transformed the two lines into a single line for which the Gongyixiqiao Station is not a terminus but a single station.
- ^ 1st line of FMetro serves two cities - Foshan and Guangzhou
- ^ The number excludes the stations and lengths on the Guangfo Metro/Guangfo Line, which is part of the FMetro in Foshan.
- ^ Hangzhou Metro's Line 1.
- ^ The East Rail Line that began metro service in 1979 overlapped with a conventional railway that had operated since 1910.
- ^ Tseung Kwan O and West Rail lines.
- ^ Kunming's Line 1.
- ^ Nanjing South Railway Station.
- ^ This figure excludes Maglev line and Jinshan Railway, both often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system.
- ^
As of October 2013[update]:
- If interchange stations are counted as a single station, there are 263 stations.
- If interchange stations are counted as multiple stations, there are 312 stations.
- If interchange stations are counter as multiple stations, but shared tracks/platforms on Lines 3 and 4 are counted as a single station, there are 303 stations.
- ^ Opening of Suzhou's Line 2.
- ^ Xi'an Metro's Line 1.
- ^ Extension of Line A from Itagüí south to La Estrella.
- ^ Line C was last extended in 2008.
- ^ Line 3's first section opened 2012
- ^ Extension of Lyon Metro's Line B to Oullins Gare station.
- ^ Opening of Toulouse Metro's Line B.
- ^ a b These systems have similarities to light rail systems, because of existence of road level crossings, but are listed since there are almost entirely separated from roads.
- ^ Opening of Riedberg stretch of the U8 and U9 lines.
- ^ Opening of Line U4.
- ^ Extension of Line S1 to the airport.
- ^ The official source states there are 100 stations in Munich U-Bahn system, but notes that four connecting/transfer stations have been counted twice; thus, there are 96 stations counting all stations once.
- ^ The U3 extension from Olympia-Einkaufszentrum (OEZ) to Moosach.
- ^ The U3 extension from Maxfeld to Friedrich-Ebert-Platz.
- ^
The blue line also has a 21.2 km section (with 4 stations) to the airport that is owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and is mainly used by the suburban railway system.
"Operation". Attiko Metro S.A. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Schwandl, Robert. "Athens Metro". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 2008-12-28. - ^ The green line, operated until 2011 by Athens-Piraeus Electric Railways, was opened in 1869 as a steam train railway line. It was electrified in 1904, extended with underground sections through the city in 1948, and extended to its full length to Kifissia in 1957 using the right-of-way of a former metre gauge suburban line. Full metro operation since 1904 between Piraeus and Athens and 1957 to Kifissia. In 2011, it was integrated with Athens Metro under the company STASY S.A.
"Information on Line 1 - Technical Data". ISAP. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
- ^ Line 3 extended west to Template:OASA Metro stations from 14 December 2013.
- ^ The Delhi Metro's six lines serve 135 stations, while there are six stations on the Delhi Airport Metro Express line – for a total of 141 stations, as of September 2013[update].
- ^ The 41.5 km (25.8 mi) Line 5 of the Tehran Metro is a commuter rail line, and so is not included in the statistics here - only Lines 1-4 are.
- ^ Naples Metro is made up of Line 1 and Line 6 only. Line 2 is a commuter rail line.
- ^ Opening of Toledo station on Line 1 of Naples Metro.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j In general, the majority of urban rail service in Japanese metropolitan areas is provided by systems not included in this list. For a complete list of urban rail systems in Japan, see List of urban rail systems in Japan.
- ^ Yŏnggwang and Puhŭng opened in 1987
- ^ Line 4 and Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit opened in 2011
- ^ Daegu Subway Line 2 extension opened in 2012.
- ^ Second phase of line 1
- ^ Line 1 fully opened
- ^ The Seoul Subway (Lines 1-9) is actually operated by three different operators – Seoul Metro, Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation (SMRT), and Seoul Metro Line9 Corporation. But because all of these lines are owned by the City Government of Seoul, they are counted together here in the table as one system.
- ^ Seoul Subway Line 7 extension opened in October 2012.
- ^ Includes the Bundang Line (52.9 km, 36 stations), Korail portions of Seoul Subway Line 3 (Islan Line: 19.2 km, 9 stations) and Seoul Subway Line 4 (Gwacheon Line: 11.8 km, 8 stations; and Ansan Line: 27.6 km, 14 stations), and the Suin Line (non-Ansan portion) (13.1 km, 8 stations).
- ^ This row is temporary, and is a purely arithmetical total for inclusion in a later 'Note' for these systems.
- ^ There are 147 stations on the network map, counting transfer stations as one. The sum of the number of the stations for all lines is 195.
- ^ Line 12 opened 2012.
- ^ Line 50, 53, and 54 are rapid transit. Numbers exclude the Amstelveen Line (Line 51) which is light rail.
- ^ The first underground portion was opened in 1928, but that was a tram line. One surface line has origins from 1898. System opened as a full Metro in 1966.
- ^ Opening of the completed Ring line in 2006.
- ^ The Red Line was expanded in 2012
- ^ Line M4 completed in 2011
- ^ The Downtown MRT Line Stage 1 was opened in 2013
- ^ Including MetroSur and other suburban lines, but not the three Metro Ligero de Madrid lines which are light rail.
- ^ Converted in 2012 from commuter line originally opened in 1912
- ^ Skarpnäck metro station opened in 1994
- ^ The Lausanne Metro has two lines. Line 1 is light rail, line 2 is rapid transit. Stats are for line 2 only.
- ^ The Red Line was completed in 2012.
- ^ London's Metropolitan Railway first opened for service in 1863, operating steam locomotive trains in cut and cover tunnels. It began operating as a modern metro when electric-propulsion trains began operating on the system's first deep-level tube line in 1890.
- ^ When the Heathrow Terminal 5 station was opened.
- ^ The Red, Orange, and Blue lines of the subway are rapid transit. The originally-elevated Orange Line opened in 1901, sharing the Tremont Street Subway that opened in 1897 as an underground streetcar tunnel (for the light rail Green Line).
- ^ Dated from the opening of "The Loop", when the system became unified and electrified.
- ^ This figure comes from the sum of the following figures from the accompanying reference (i.e. "Facts at a Glance". Chicago Transit Authority. December 2012. Retrieved 2013-07-21.): 35.8 miles of elevated route, 35.0 miles at grade level, 20.6 miles on embankments, and 11.4 miles of subway.
- ^ Rapid transit portion of L.A. Metro Rail only: Red and Purple lines. All other L.A. Metro Rail lines are Light rail, and are not included here.
- ^ This was the date of the last extension to the Red Line in the rapid transit portion of Los Angeles' Metro Rail.
- ^ First regular elevated railway service, originally cable hauled, began in 1868. Elevateds converted to steam power in 1870, electrified by 1903. The first section of electrified subway opened in 1904.
- ^ The total number of stations is 472, but with transfer stations counted only once, the number is 423 (including the temporarily closed Cortlandt Street – World Trade Center station.
- ^ On April 4, 2013, the 1 service was extended south to the South Ferry loops to replace service to South Ferry – Whitehall Street, which was damaged in Hurricane Sandy. This is not a permanent extension, nor is this new construction.
- ^ While the line opened as a railroad in 1860, it was not until 1925 that rapid transit equipment would be operated here.
- ^ Includes SEPTA's rapid transit lines only: Broad Street Line (Orange Line), Market–Frankford Line (Blue Line) and Norristown High Speed Line.
- ^ The Yunusobod Line was opened in 2001
Footnotes
- ^ a b c d "Milestones - Transport for London". Transport for London. Retrieved 2014-03-09. Cite error: The named reference "LU-milestones" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b "Recommended basic reference for developing a minimum set of standards for voluntary use in the field of urban rail, according to mandate M/486" (PDF). UITP (L’Union internationale des transports publics/International Association of Public Transport). 2011. Retrieved 2014-02-15.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert (2007). "What is a metro?". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2008-01-14.
- ^ a b c d e "Fact Book Glossary - Mode of Service Definitions". American Public Transportation Association. 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-12.
- ^ a b c d e "National Transit Database Glossary". U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Transit Administration. October 18, 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-12.
- ^ "The demand for public transport: a practical guide" (pdf). Transport Research Laboratory. p. 6. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
- ^ a b c d "Alger metro inaugurated". Railway Gazette. October 31, 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ Line 1, Schwandl, Robert. "Algiers - Al Jaza'ir". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ a b "Metrovías en Números". Metrovias. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ a b c "Yerevan authorities negotiating new metro line projects with banks". ArmeniaNow.com. March 27, 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-04.
- ^ Charbakh, Schwandl, Robert. "Yerevan". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
- ^ "Wiener Linien - Company Profile". Wiener Linien. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ "The History of the Vienna Metro". Horst. 2009. Retrieved 2014-03-09.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Wien". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
- ^ a b c "U2 auf verlängerter Strecke unterwegs" (in German). Wiener Linien. 5 October 2013. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c "Baku Metro - History". Bakı Metropoliteni. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
- ^ a b c d "Структура Метрополитен" (in Russian). государственное предприятие "Минсктранс". 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "STIB - Historique de la STIB de 1970 à 1979" (in French). STIB. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Activity Report 2011 - Figures & statistics '11" (pdf). STIB/MIVB. p. 08. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
- ^ a b "Empresa - História" (in Portuguese). CBTU - METRÔ BH. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Operação - Linha em operação" (in Portuguese). CBTU - METRÔ BH. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Operação - Dados operacionais" (in Portuguese). CBTU - METRÔ BH. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Sobre o metro - Memória" (in Portuguese). Companhia do Metropolitano do Distrito Federal - Metrô. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
- ^ a b "Sobre o metro - Estrutura" (in Portuguese). Companhia do Metropolitano do Distrito Federal - Metrô. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
- ^ a b "Mapa das Linhas - Metrô de Fortaleza". Metrô de Fortaleza - METROFOR. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
- ^ a b "DATA DE INAUGURAÇÃO DE CADA ESTAÇÃO" (in Portuguese). MetrôRio. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "METRÔ RIO - RELATÓRIO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO EM 31 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2012" (pdf) (in Portuguese). MetrôRio. December 31, 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d "Metrô - Home - The Company - About". Companhia Do Metropolitano De São Paulo. 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
- ^ a b c d "General Info about Sofia Metro". MetroSofia.com. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-20.
- ^ "Métro - Useful info - Networks - Métro". 2002. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ "TTC - Subway/RT". Toronto Transit Commission. 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ a b c d "2012 - TTC Operating Statistics". Toronto Transit Commission. 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-26.
- ^ "The Buzzer - 2011-01-14". TransLink. January 14, 2011. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
- ^ a b "State of Good Repair". TransLink. March 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
- ^ "Corporativa - Historia - Historia de Metro" (in Spanish). Metro de Santiago. July 1, 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Guía del Viajero" (in Spanish). Metro de Santiago. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "Historia Metro Valparaíso - El servicio ferroviario del siglo XXI" (in Spanish). Metro Valparaíso. Retrieved 2013-09-20.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Red - Metro Valparaíso" (in Spanish). Metro Valparaíso. Retrieved 2013-09-20.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "北京4条新地铁线今日开通 无仪式及领导讲话" (in Chinese). 新京报. 2012-12-30. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
- ^ "北京地铁4条新线每日至少跑17小时" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ a b c "北京地铁10号线一圈57公里 创地下铁之最" (in Chinese). 北京日报. Retrieved 2013-05-06.
- ^ BEIJING SUBWAY GUIDE
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Chengdu". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ 四条轨道线路撑起主城交通大动脉
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Chongqing". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ a b Schwandl, Robert. "Dalian". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ "Guangzhou Metro". ExploreGuangzhou's "Metropedia". Retrieved 2010-10-31.
- ^ "Guangzhou Metro - Corporate Overview". Gzmtr.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Guangzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
- ^ a b c IRJ: Trial operation starts on Harbin’s first metro line
- ^ a b c http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/814172.shtml Global Times: Metro line operational in China's Harbin
- ^ "Hangzhou Metro" (in Chinese). Hangzhou Metro. Retrieved 2012-11-22.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Hangzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ a b c "MTR - Getting Around - MTR Train Services". MTR Corporation. 2011. Retrieved 2013-07-13.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Kunming". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ a b Schwandl, Robert. "Nanjing Metro". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ 【12号线、16号线12月29日起载客试运营】
- ^ How many stations are there on the Shanghai Metro?
- ^ a b "12号线、16号线12月29日起载客试运营". 上海地铁 (in Chinese). 2013-12-27. Retrieved 2013-12-27.
- ^ 王晓婷 (December 30, 2011). "沈阳地铁二号线今日开通 市民可持试乘票免费乘车". 沈阳晚报 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-02-23.
- ^ "Shenzhen Metro Subway". StartInChina.com. July 22, 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Suzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
- ^ "天津地铁9号线延至天津站 末车时间延长至22:00" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-10-14.
- ^ "今日10时武汉地铁2号线开通 武汉迈入地铁时代(图)" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-12-28.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Xi'an". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-09-24.
- ^ Schwandl, Robert. "Zhengzhou". UrbanRail.Net. Retrieved 2013-12-28.
- ^ "History". Metro de Medellín. 15 November 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-16.
- ^ a b "Nuestro Sistema - Metro" (in Spanish). Metro de Medellín. 15 November 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-16.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ "History - Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy". Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy. Retrieved 2013-09-11.
- ^ a b "Company Profile - Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy". Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy. Retrieved 2013-09-11.
- ^ a b "Sporplan" (pdf) (in Danish and English). Metroselskabet (via: http://www.m.dk/#!/kundeservice/pjecer+og+tryksager). November 22, 2006. Retrieved 2014-04-09.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher=|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ National owner of most Danish tracks, "Banedanmark" official website, http://www.bane.dk/db/filarkiv/6034/Bilag_03_2011.pdf Map of tracks and their classification (Little dictionary "Baneklasser"="Track Classification";Hovedbane"="Main tracks", "Regionalbane"="Regional tracks"; "S-bane"="S-Bahn (S-tracks);"Lokalbane"="Local tracks") Conclution "S-baner" is a classification of its own. Labeling inspiration "S" came from S-Bahn in Berlin and Hamburg
- ^ At http://byenspuls.dsb.dk/byens_puls/ByensPuls.html the exact location of each train can be followed, "Byens puls" means "Pulse of the City"
- ^ http://www.dsb.dk/global/pdf/koereplaner/s-tog/2013/dagk%C3%B8replan%20h%20og%20w%202013.pdf At the first page a schematic map of all rail systems in Greater Copenhagen is presented. This includes the Metro, regional trains and local trains, but only the S-tog are coloured line by line though. After follows time tables, with exception of the B+ line, the other six lines departures every ten minute (every 5 minute for the F-line) Note ! since there is the Copenhagen Metro, the S-tog will not be defined as "metro" in Denmark, however all conciderations are fulfilled. The common definition is "bybane" which means "City rail"
- ^ http://bybane.net/ confirms last ref. "Bybane.net - om bybaner i København" translates to English "City Rail.net - about City Rails in Copenhagen
- ^ a b "Línea 1" (in Spanish). Oficina para el Reordenamiento de Transporte (OPRET). Retrieved 2013-09-17.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c "Línea 2 - 1ra Etapa" (in Spanish). Oficina para el Reordenamiento de Transporte (OPRET). Retrieved 2013-09-17.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Rohde, Mike. "Cairo". Metro Bits. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^ a b "Helsinki City Transport - About HKL - History - A brief history of the metro". Helsinki City Transport. March 19, 2012. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ a b "Helsinki City Transport - HKL Metro". Helsinki City Transport. August 28, 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ a b "Qui sommes-nous? - Notre Histoire" (in French). Transpole. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Les chiffres clés" (in French). Transpole. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d "Le Métro sur le réseau TCL" (in French). TCL - SYTRAL. Retrieved 2013-09-28.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Fiche d'identité de l'Entreprise - LE METRO". rtm.fr (in French). Retrieved 2013-09-28.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Brief history of the Paris metro". france.fr - The official website of France. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
- ^ "The Network - The Metro: a Parisian institution". RATP. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
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{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "General Data: Network Expansion". Metropolitano de Lisboa. Retrieved 19 April 2010. Station count and track length
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- ^ UrbanRail.Net: Esfahan
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Bibliography
- Rohde, Mike. "World Metro Database". Metrobits.
- Schwandl, Robert. "UrbanRail.Net".
- Taplin, Michael. "A world of trams and urban transit". Light Rail Transit Association.
Further reading
- Vuchic, Vukan R. (2007). Urban Transit Systems and Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-75823-5.
- Ovenden, Mark (2005). Metro Maps Of The World. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-288-7.
- Hinkel, W.; Treiber, K.; Valenta, G.; Liebsch, H. (2004). Underground Railways Yesterday - Today - Tomorrow. Schmid Verlag. ISBN 3-900607-44-3.
- Fischler, Stan (2000). Subways Of The World. MBI. ISBN 0-7603-0752-0.
- Garbutt, Paul (1997). World Metro Systems. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-191-0.