{{Short description|None}}

{{politics of the United States}}

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| footer = [[Joseph Rainey]] (left) was the first African American to serve in the U.S. House; [[Shirley Chisholm]] (right) was the first African-American woman elected to the chamber.

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The [[United States House of Representatives]] has had 157 elected [[African Americans|African-American]] members, of whom 151 have been representatives from U.S. states and 6 have been [[Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives|delegates]] from [[Territories of the United States|U.S. territories]] and the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Black Americans in Congress|url=http://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/BAIC/Black-Americans-in-Congress/|publisher=[[Clerk of the United States House of Representatives]]|access-date=June 20, 2017}}</ref> The House of Representatives is the [[lower house]] of the [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] [[United States Congress]], which is the [[legislature|legislative branch]] of the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] of the [[United States]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the term "African American" includes all individuals who identify with one or more nationalities or ethnic groups originating in any of the black racial groups of Africa.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312220057/https://2020census.gov/en/about-questions/2020-census-questions-race.html|url=https://2020census.gov/en/about-questions/2020-census-questions-race.html|title=2020 Census Questions: Race|archive-date=March 12, 2020}}</ref> The term is generally used for Americans with at least partial ancestry in any of the original peoples of [[sub-Saharan Africa]]. During the [[History of the United States#Early years of the republic|founding of the federal government]], African Americans were consigned to a status of [[second-class citizen]]ship or [[Slavery in the United States|enslaved]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aap/timelin2.html|title=Time Line of African American History, 1881-1900|publisher=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=October 22, 2007}}</ref> No African American served in federal elective office before the ratification in 1870 of the [[Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fifteenth Amendment]] to the [[United States Constitution]]. The Fifteenth Amendment prohibits the federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

[[Joseph Rainey]] was the first African-American representative to be seated in the U.S. House. He served [[South Carolina's 1st congressional district]] beginning in 1870 during the [[Reconstruction era]] following the [[American Civil War]]. The first African-American woman to serve as a representative was [[Shirley Chisholm]] from [[New York's 12th congressional district]] in 1969 during the [[Civil Rights Movement]].

Many African-American members of the House of Representatives serve [[majority-minority]] districts.<ref name="Terkel">{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/27/black-senators_n_1914216.html|first=Amanda|last=Terkel|title=Senate Likely To Remain Without Black Members For Years|website=[[HuffPost]]|date=September 27, 2012|access-date=February 9, 2013}}</ref> Some of these [[congressional districts]] are [[gerrymandered]], limiting serious challenges to their re-election, and limiting their abilities to represent a larger, more diverse constituency.<ref name="Terkel"/> The Voting Rights Act of 1965 includes restrictions on the ability of States to diminish minority representation during redistricting. In the elections of 2016 and 2018, an increasing number of non-majority-minority districts have elected racial minority representatives.

Overall, 31 of the 50 U.S. states, plus the U.S. Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia, have elected an African American to represent them in the U.S. House of Representatives, with Rhode Island being the most recent to elect its first (in 2023); out of these, 23 states, plus U.S. Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia, have elected an African-American woman to represent them in the U.S. House. [[Illinois's 1st congressional district]] has the longest continuous streak of electing African-American representatives, a tendency that has occurred from 1928 to the present. There currently are 58 African-American representatives and two African-American delegates in the [[United States House of Representatives]], representing 29 states, plus the U.S. Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia. Most are members of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]].

==List of states represented by African Americans==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"

! State

! Current members

! Previous members

! Total

! First African-American member

! Political party of first African-American member

! Years with African-American members

| [[Alabama]] || 1 || 5 || 6 || [[Benjamin S. Turner]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1871–1877, 1993–present

| [[Alaska]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

| [[Arizona]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Arkansas]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

| [[California]] || 3 || 10 || 13 || [[Augustus F. Hawkins]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1963–present

|-

| [[Colorado]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Joe Neguse]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 2019–present

|-

| [[Connecticut]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || [[Gary Franks]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1991–1997, 2019–present

|-

| [[Delaware]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Lisa Blunt Rochester]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 2017–present

|-

| [[Florida]] || 4 || 8 || 12 || [[Josiah T. Walls]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1871–1876, 1993–present

|-

| [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] || 5 || 6 || 11 || [[Jefferson F. Long]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1871, 1973–1977, 1987–present

|-

| [[Hawaii]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Idaho]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Illinois]] || 4 || 13 || 17 || [[Oscar Stanton DePriest]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1929–present

|-

| [[Indiana]] || 1 || 2 || 3 || [[Katie Hall (American politician)|Katie Hall]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1982–1985, 1997–present

|-

| [[Iowa]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Kansas]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Kentucky]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Louisiana]] || 1 || 4 || 5 || [[Charles E. Nash]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1875–1877, 1991–2009, 2011–present

|-

| [[Maine]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Maryland]] || 2 || 5 || 7 || [[Parren Mitchell]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1971–present

|-

| [[Massachusetts]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Ayanna Pressley]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 2019–present

|-

| [[Michigan]] || 1 || 8 || 9 || [[Charles Diggs]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1955–present

|-

| [[Minnesota]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || [[Keith Ellison]] || {{Party shading/Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor}}|Democratic–Farmer–Labor || 2007–present

|-

| [[Mississippi]] || 1 || 2 || 3 || [[John R. Lynch]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1873–1877, 1882–1883, 1987–present

|-

| [[Missouri]] || 2 || 3 || 5 || [[Bill Clay]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1969–present

|-

| [[Montana]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Nebraska]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Nevada]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Steven Horsford]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 2013–2015, 2019–present

|-

| [[New Hampshire]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[New Jersey]] || 1 || 2 || 3 || [[Donald M. Payne]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1989–present

|-

| [[New Mexico]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[New York (state)|New York]] || 5 || 8 || 13 || [[Adam Clayton Powell Jr.]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1945–present

|-

| [[North Carolina]] || 3 || 8 || 11 || [[John Adams Hyman]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1875–1877, 1883–1887, 1889–1893, 1897–1901, 1992–present

|-

| [[North Dakota]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Ohio]] || 3 || 3 || 6 || [[Louis Stokes]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1969–present

|-

| [[Oklahoma]] || 0 || 1 || 1 || [[J. C. Watts]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1995–2003

|-

| [[Oregon]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Pennsylvania]] || 2 || 4 || 6 || [[Robert N. C. Nix Sr.]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1958–present

|-

| [[Rhode Island]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Gabe Amo]] ||{{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic ||2023–present

|-

| [[South Carolina]] || 1 || 9 || 10 || [[Joseph Rainey]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1870–1879, 1882–1887, 1890–1891, 1893–1897, 1993–present

|-

| [[South Dakota]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Tennessee]] || 0 || 2 || 2 || [[Harold Ford Sr.]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1975–2007

|-

| [[Texas]] || 6 || 5 || 11 || [[Barbara Jordan]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 1973–present

|-

| [[Utah]] || 1 || 1 || 2 || [[Mia Love]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 2015–2019, 2021–present

|-

| [[Vermont]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Virginia]] || 2 || 2 || 4 || [[John Mercer Langston]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican || 1890–1891, 1993–present

|-

| [[Washington (state)|Washington]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Marilyn Strickland]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 2021–present

|-

| [[West Virginia]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|-

| [[Wisconsin]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || [[Gwen Moore]] || {{Party shading/Democratic}}|Democratic || 2005–present

|-

| [[Wyoming]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || || ||

|}

==Reconstruction and early post-Reconstruction era, 1870–1887==

;Political party

{{legend2|{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;"

|-

!colspan=3 class=unsortable |[[United States House of Representatives|Representative]]{{efn|name=fn1|Representatives are organized first in chronological order according to their first term in office, then second in alphabetical order according to their surname.}}

!scope="col" |[[Congressional district]]

!scope="col" |Took office

!scope="col" |Left office

!scope="col" |[[political parties in the United States|Party]]

!scope="col" |[[United States Congress|Congress]]

!scope="col" |Former slave?

!scope="col" |Notes

|-

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |{{Css Image Crop|Image=Joseph Rainey - Brady-Handy.jpg|bSize=298|cWidth=125|cHeight=155|oTop=0|oLeft=52}}

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Joseph Rainey]]'''<br />{{small|(1832–1887)}}

|rowspan=3 |[[South Carolina's 1st congressional district|South Carolina's 1st]]

|rowspan=3 |{{dts|December 12, 1870}}

|rowspan=3 |{{dts|March 3, 1879}}

|rowspan=3 |[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]

|[[41st United States Congress|41st]]<br />{{small|(1869–1871)}}

|rowspan=3 |Yes

|rowspan=3 |Lost reelection{{efn|Elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation of [[Benjamin Whittemore]]. First African American to serve in the [[United States House of Representatives]] and the first to serve in Congress from [[South Carolina]].}}<ref name="Rainey">{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000016|title=Rainey, Joseph Hayne, (1832 - 1887)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|-

|{{resize|85%|THRU}}

|[[45th United States Congress|45th]]<br />{{small|(1877–1879)}}

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Jefferson F. Long]]'''<br />{{small|(1836–1901)}}

|[[41st United States Congress|41st]]<br />{{small|(1869–1871)}}

|Retired{{efn|Elected to fill vacancy caused by the House of Representatives denial to seat [[Samuel F. Gove]]. First African American to serve in Congress from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]].}}<ref name="Long">{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000419|title=Long, Jefferson Franklin, (1836 - 1901)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Robert C. De Large]]'''<br />{{small|(1842–1874)}}

|[[42nd United States Congress|42nd]]<br />{{small|(1871–1873)}}

|Unseated in 1873 due to a contested election that involved [[Christopher C. Bowen]], the previous seat holder.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n289/mode/2up/|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=282}}</ref>{{efn|The seat remained vacant until March 1873.}}<ref name="DeLarge">{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000208|title=De Large, Robert Carlos, (1842 - 1874)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[Robert B. Elliott]]'''<br />{{small|(1842–1884)}}

|[[42nd United States Congress|42nd]]<br />{{small|(1871–1873)}}

|rowspan=2 | Resigned{{efn|Elected in November 1874 to the [[South Carolina House of Representatives]].}}<ref name="Elliott">{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000128|title=Elliott, Robert Brown, (1842 - 1884)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[43rd United States Congress|43rd]]<br />{{small|(1873–1875)}}

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Benjamin S. Turner]]'''<br />{{small|(1825–1894)}}

|[[42nd United States Congress|42nd]]<br />{{small|(1871–1873)}}

|Lost reelection{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Alabama]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=T000414|title=Turner, Benjamin Sterling, (1825 - 1894)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Josiah T. Walls]]'''<br />{{small|(1842–1905)}}

|[[42nd United States Congress|42nd]]<br />{{small|(1871–1873)}}

|rowspan=3 |Unseated in 1873 and 1876 due to contested elections that involved [[Silas L. Niblack]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=282–283|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n289/mode/2up/}}</ref> and [[Jesse Finley]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=305–308|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n311/mode/2up/}}</ref> respectively.{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Florida]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=W000093|title=Walls, Josiah Thomas, (1842 - 1905)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[43rd United States Congress|43rd]]<br />{{small|(1873–1875)}}

|[[44th United States Congress|44th]]<br />{{small|(1875–1877)}}

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[Richard H. Cain]]'''<br />{{small|(1825–1887)}}

|[[43rd United States Congress|43rd]]<br />{{small|(1873–1875)}}

|rowspan=2 |No

|rowspan=2 |Retired<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000022/|title=Cain, Richard Harvey, (1825 - 1887)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[45th United States Congress|45th]]<br />{{small|(1877–1879)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[John R. Lynch]]'''<br />{{small|(1847–1939)}}

|[[43rd United States Congress|43rd]]<br />{{small|(1873–1875)}}

|rowspan=3 |Lost reelection{{efn|Seated in Congress after contested election that involved [[James Ronald Chalmers|James Chalmers]] in 1882.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=375–378|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n381/mode/2up}}</ref> First African American to serve in the United States House of Representatives from [[Mississippi]]. Youngest member of the [[43rd United States Congress]] at age 26.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000533|title=Lynch, John Roy, (1847 - 1939)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[44th United States Congress|44th]]<br />{{small|(1875–1877)}}

|[[47th United States Congress|47th]]<br />{{small|(1881–1883)}}

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Alonzo J. Ransier]]'''<br />{{small|(1834–1882)}}

|{{dts|March 4, 1873}}

|[[43rd United States Congress|43rd]]<br />{{small|(1873–1875)}}

|Retired{{efn|[[List of lieutenant governors of South Carolina|Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina]] (1870-1872)}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000060|title=Ransier, Alonzo Jacob, (1834 - 1882)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[James T. Rapier]]'''<br />{{small|(1837–1883)}}

|[[43rd United States Congress|43rd]]<br />{{small|(1873–1875)}}

|Lost reelection<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000064|title=Rapier, James Thomas, (1837 - 1883)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Jeremiah Haralson]]'''<br />{{small|(1846–1916)}}

|[[44th United States Congress|44th]]<br />{{small|(1875–1877)}}

|Lost reelection<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000179|title=Haralson, Jeremiah, (1846 - 1916)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[John Adams Hyman]]'''<br />{{small|(1840–1891)}}

|[[44th United States Congress|44th]]<br />{{small|(1875–1877)}}

|Lost renomination{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[North Carolina]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H001025|title=Hyman, John Adams, (1840 - 1891)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Charles E. Nash]]'''<br />{{small|(1844–1913)}}

|[[44th United States Congress|44th]]<br />{{small|(1875–1877)}}

|Lost reelection{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Louisiana]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=N000008|title=Nash, Charles Edmund, (1844 - 1913)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|rowspan=5 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=5 |'''[[Robert Smalls]]'''<br />{{small|(1839–1915)}}

|[[44th United States Congress|44th]]<br />{{small|(1875–1877)}}

| rowspan="2" |Lost reelection{{efn|Seated in Congress after contested election that involved [[George Tillman]] in 1882.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=381–384|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n387/mode/2up}}</ref> Elected in 1884 to fill vacancy caused by death of [[Edmund Mackey]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000502|title=Smalls, Robert, (1839 - 1915)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[45th United States Congress|45th]]<br />{{small|(1877–1879)}}

|[[47th United States Congress|47th]]<br />{{small|(1881–1883)}}

|Lost reelection

|[[48th United States Congress|48th]]<br />{{small|(1883–1885)}}

| rowspan="2" |Retired

|[[49th United States Congress|49th]]<br />{{small|(1885–1887)}}

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[James E. O'Hara]]'''<br />{{small|(1844–1905)}}

|[[48th United States Congress|48th]]<br />{{small|(1883–1885)}}

|rowspan=2 |Lost reelection<ref name="O’Hara">{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=O000054|title=O'Hara, James Edward, (1844 - 1905)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[49th United States Congress|49th]]<br />{{small|(1885–1887)}}

==Late post-Reconstruction, Populist, and early Jim Crow era, 1887–1929==

;Political party

{{legend2|{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

!colspan=3 class=unsortable |[[United States House of Representatives|Representative]]{{efn|name=fn1}}

!scope="col" |[[Congressional district]]

!scope="col" |Took office

!scope="col" |Left office

!scope="col" |[[political parties in the United States|Party]]

!scope="col" |[[United States Congress|Congress]]

!scope="col" |Former slave?

!scope="col" |Notes

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[Henry P. Cheatham]]'''<br />{{small|(1857–1935)}}

|[[51st United States Congress|51st]]<br />{{small|(1889–1891)}}

|rowspan=2 |Lost reelection{{efn|Brother-in-law of [[George Henry White]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000340|title=Cheatham, Henry Plummer, (1857 - 1935)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[52nd United States Congress|52nd]]<br />{{small|(1891–1893)}}

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|{{Css Image Crop|Image=John M. Langston.jpg|bSize=310|cWidth=125|cHeight=155|oTop=20|oLeft=90}}

|'''[[John Mercer Langston]]'''<br />{{small|(1829–1897)}}

|[[51st United States Congress|51st]]<br />{{small|(1889–1891)}}

|Lost reelection{{efn|Seated in Congress after the contested election that involved [[Edward Venable]] in September 1890.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n465/mode/2up|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=458–460}}</ref> First African American to serve in Congress from [[Virginia]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000074|title=Langston, John Mercer, (1829 - 1897)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Thomas E. Miller]]'''<br />{{small|(1849–1938)}}

|[[51st United States Congress|51st]]<br />{{small|(1889–1891)}}

|Lost reelection{{efn|Seated in Congress after contested election that involved [[William Elliott (American politician)|William Elliott]] in September 1890.}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n467/mode/2up|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=461–464}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000757|title=Miller, Thomas Ezekiel, (1849 - 1938)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |{{Css Image Crop|Image=George Washington Murray.jpg|bSize=175|cWidth=125|cHeight=155|oTop=25|oLeft=35}}

|rowspan=2 |'''[[George W. Murray]]'''<br />{{small|(1853–1926)}}

|[[53rd United States Congress|53rd]]<br />{{small|(1893–1895)}}

|rowspan=2 |Lost reelection{{efn|Seated in Congress after contested election that involved [[William Elliott (South Carolina)|William Elliott]] in June 1896.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rowell|first1=Chester Harvey|title=A Historical and Legal Digest of all the Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives of the United States from the First to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1789-1901|date=1901|publisher=United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Subcommittee on Elections|isbn=9785880686292|pages=543–546|url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924030474864#page/n549/mode/2up}}</ref> Distant relative of [[Jim Clyburn]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001106|title=Murray, George Washington, (1853 - 1926)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[54th United States Congress|54th]]<br />{{small|(1895–1897)}}

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |{{Css Image Crop|Image=George Henry White.jpg|bSize=190|cWidth=125|cHeight=155|oTop=40|oLeft=35}}

|rowspan=2 |'''[[George Henry White]]'''<br />{{small|(1852–1918)}}

|[[55th United States Congress|55th]]<br />{{small|(1897–1899)}}

|rowspan=2 |Retired{{efn|Brother-in-law of [[Henry P. Cheatham]]. The last African American to serve in Congress from a [[Southern United States|Southern state]] until [[Barbara Jordan]] from [[Texas]] and [[Andrew Young]] from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] in 1973.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=W000372|title=White, George Henry, (1852 - 1918)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[56th United States Congress|56th]]<br />{{small|(1899–1901)}}

==Late Jim Crow and Civil Rights era, 1929–1970==

;Political parties

{{legend2|{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}|[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend2|{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

!colspan=3 class=unsortable |[[United States House of Representatives|Representative]]{{efn|name=fn1}}

!scope="col" |[[Congressional district]]

!scope="col" |Took office

!scope="col" |Left office

!scope="col" |[[political parties in the United States|Party]]

!scope="col" class=unsortable |[[United States Congress|Congress]]

!scope="col" |Notes

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Oscar Stanton De Priest]]'''<br />{{small|(1871–1951)}}

|[[71st United States Congress|71st]]<br />{{small|(1929–1931)}}

|rowspan=3 |Lost reelection{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Illinois]] and the first to serve from outside the [[Southern United States|southern states]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000263|title=De Priest, Oscar Stanton, (1871 - 1951)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[72nd United States Congress|72nd]]<br />{{small|(1931–1933)}}

|[[73rd United States Congress|73rd]]<br />{{small|(1933–1935)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Arthur W. Mitchell]]'''<br />{{small|(1883–1968)}}

|[[74th United States Congress|74th]]<br />{{small|(1935–1937)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|First African American to be elected to Congress as a member of the Democratic party.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000805|title=Mitchell, Arthur Wergs, (1883 - 1968)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[77th United States Congress|77th]]<br />{{small|(1941–1943)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[William L. Dawson (politician)|William L. Dawson]]'''<br />{{small|(1886–1970)}}

|[[78th United States Congress|78th]]<br />{{small|(1943–1945)}}

|rowspan=3 |Died in office<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000158|title=Dawson, William Levi, (1886 - 1970)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[91st United States Congress|91st]]<br />{{small|(1969–1971)}}

|rowspan=11 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=11 |'''[[Adam Clayton Powell Jr.]]'''<br />{{small|(1908–1972)}}

|[[79th United States Congress|79th]]<br />{{small|(1945–1947)}}

|rowspan=11 |Lost renomination{{efn|Excluded from membership in the [[90th United States Congress]] in February 1967. Reelected to fill vacancy caused by exclusion from membership, but did not take oath of office. First African American to serve in Congress from [[New York (state)|New York]].}}<ref name="Powell, Adam Clayton Jr.">{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000477|title=Powell, Adam Clayton Jr. (1908–1972)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[82nd United States Congress|82nd]]<br />{{small|(1951–1953)}}

|[[83rd United States Congress|83rd]]<br />{{small|(1953–1955)}}

|[[87th United States Congress|87th]]<br />{{small|(1961–1963)}}

|[[88th United States Congress|88th]]<br />{{small|(1963–1965)}}

|[[89th United States Congress|89th]]<br />{{small|(1965–1967)}}

|rowspan=2 |[[90th United States Congress|90th]]<br />{{small|(1967–1969)}}

|[[91st United States Congress|91st]]<br />{{small|(1969–1971)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Charles Diggs]]'''<br />{{small|(1922–1998)}}

|[[84th United States Congress|84th]]<br />{{small|(1955–1957)}}

|rowspan=3 |Resigned after being convicted of mail fraud{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Michigan]]. The first person to serve as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[91st United States Congress]] during the first session.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000344|title=Diggs, Charles Coles Jr. (1922–1998)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[96th United States Congress|96th]]<br />{{small|(1979–1981)}}

|rowspan=6 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=6 |'''[[Robert N. C. Nix Sr.]]'''<br />{{small|(1898–1987)}}

|[[85th United States Congress|85th]]<br />{{small|(1957–1959)}}

|rowspan=6 |Lost renomination{{efn|Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of [[Earl Chudoff]] in 1958. First African American to serve in Congress from [[Pennsylvania]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=N000113|title=Nix, Robert Nelson Cornelius Sr. (1898–1987)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[87th United States Congress|87th]]<br />{{small|(1961–1963)}}

|[[88th United States Congress|88th]]<br />{{small|(1963–1965)}}

|[[95th United States Congress|95th]]<br />{{small|(1977–1979)}}

|rowspan=6 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=6 |'''[[Augustus F. Hawkins]]'''<br />{{small|(1907–2007)}}

|[[88th United States Congress|88th]]<br />{{small|(1963–1965)}}

|rowspan=6 |Retired{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[California]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000367|title=Hawkins, Augustus Freeman (Gus) (1907 - 2007)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|[[94th United States Congress|94th]]<br />{{small|(1975–1977)}}

|[[101st United States Congress|101st]]<br />{{small|(1989–1991)}}

|rowspan=9 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=9 |'''[[John Conyers]]'''<br />{{small|(1929–2019)}}

|[[89th United States Congress|89th]]<br />{{small|(1965–1967)}}

|rowspan=9 |Resigned after being accused of sexual harassment.{{efn|First African American to become [[Dean of the United States House of Representatives]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000714|title=Conyers, John Jr. (1929–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|[[103rd United States Congress|103rd]]<br />{{small|(1993–1995)}}

|[[112th United States Congress|112th]]<br />{{small|(2011–2013)}}

|rowspan=3 |{{dts|December 5, 2017}}

|[[113th United States Congress|113th]]<br />{{small|(2013–2015)}}

|[[115th United States Congress|115th]]<br />{{small|(2017–2019)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Shirley Chisholm]]'''<br />{{small|(1924–2005)}}

|[[91st United States Congress|91st]]<br />{{small|(1969–1971)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|First African-American woman to serve in Congress and the first African-American woman to run as a [[1972 United States presidential election|presidential candidate in 1972]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000371|title=Chisholm, Shirley Anita (1924 - 2005)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |{{Css Image Crop|Image=Bill Clay, official black-and-white portrait (1980s).webp|bSize=125|cWidth=125|cHeight=155|oTop=0|oLeft=0}}

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Bill Clay]]'''<br />{{small|(born 1931)}}

|[[91st United States Congress|91st]]<br />{{small|(1969–1971)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|His son, [[Lacy Clay]], succeeded him in office. First African American to serve in Congress from [[Missouri]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000488|title=Clay, William Lacy Sr. (1931–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[106th United States Congress|106th]]<br />{{small|(1999–2001)}}

|rowspan=6 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=6 |'''[[Louis Stokes]]'''<br />{{small|(1925–2015)}}

|[[91st United States Congress|91st]]<br />{{small|(1969–1971)}}

|rowspan=6 |Retired{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Ohio]]. Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[92nd United States Congress]] during the second session and in the [[93rd United States Congress]] during the first session.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000948|title=Stokes, Louis (1925 - 2015)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|[[103rd United States Congress|103rd]]<br />{{small|(1993–1995)}}

|[[105th United States Congress|105th]]<br />{{small|(1997–1999)}}

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[George W. Collins]]'''<br />{{small|(1925–1972)}}

|[[91st United States Congress|91st]]<br />{{small|(1969–1971)}}

|rowspan=2 |Died in office{{efn|Elected to Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of [[Daniel Ronan]]. Collins's wife, [[Cardiss Collins]], filled the vacancy caused by his death.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000637|title=Collins, George Washington (1925 - 1972)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[92nd United States Congress|92nd]]<br />{{small|(1971–1973)}}

==Modern era, 1971–present==

===Representatives===

;Political parties

{{legend2|{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}|[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend2|{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

!colspan=3 class=unsortable |[[United States House of Representatives|Representative]]{{efn|name=fn1}}

!scope="col" |[[Congressional district]]

!scope="col" |Took office

!scope="col" |Left office

!scope="col" |[[political parties in the United States|Party]]

!scope="col" class=unsortable |[[United States Congress|Congress]]

!scope="col" |Notes

|rowspan=8 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=8 |'''[[Ron Dellums]]'''<br />{{small|(1935–2018)}}

|[[92nd United States Congress|92nd]]<br />{{small|(1971–1973)}}

|rowspan=8 |Resigned{{efn|Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[101st United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000222|title=Dellums, Ronald V. (1935–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|[[94th United States Congress|94th]]<br />{{small|(1975–1977)}}

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|[[103rd United States Congress|103rd]]<br />{{small|(1993–1995)}}

|[[105th United States Congress|105th]]<br />{{small|(1997–1999)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Ralph Metcalfe]]'''<br />{{small|(1910–1978)}}

|[[92nd United States Congress|92nd]]<br />{{small|(1971–1973)}}

|rowspan=3 |Died in office{{efn|First African-American Catholic in the United States Congress. Metcalfe converted to the [[Catholic Church]] in 1932, while an undergraduate at [[Marquette University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catholicism.org/the-conversion-stories-of-knute-rockne-and-ralph-h-metcalfe.html |publisher=Catholicism.org |last=Metcalfe |first=Ralph H. |title=A Race Well Run |date=1938}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://illinoisreview.typepad.com/illinoisreview/2006/11/illinois_hall_o_11.html |last=Rhoads |first=Mark |title=Illinois Hall of Fame: Ralph Metcalfe |date=November 13, 2006}}</ref>}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000675|title=Metcalfe, Ralph Harold (1910–1978)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[95th United States Congress|95th]]<br />{{small|(1977–1979)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Parren Mitchell]]'''<br />{{small|(1922–2007)}}

|[[92nd United States Congress|92nd]]<br />{{small|(1971–1973)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired to run unsuccessfully for [[Lieutenant Governor of Maryland]].{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Maryland]]. Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[95th United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000826|title=Mitchell, Parren James (1922–2007)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[99th United States Congress|99th]]<br />{{small|(1985–1987)}}

|rowspan=12 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=12 |'''[[Charles Rangel]]'''<br />{{small|(born 1930)}}

|[[92nd United States Congress|92nd]]<br />{{small|(1971–1973)}}

|rowspan=12 |Retired{{efn|Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[93rd United States Congress]] during the second session and in the [[94th United States Congress]] during the first session.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000053|title=Rangel, Charles B. (1930–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|[[98th United States Congress|98th]]<br />{{small|(1983–1985)}}

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|[[103rd United States Congress|103rd]]<br />{{small|(1993–1995)}}

|[[112th United States Congress|112th]]<br />{{small|(2011–2013)}}

|[[113th United States Congress|113th]]<br />{{small|(2013–2015)}}

|[[114th United States Congress|114th]]<br />{{small|(2015–2017)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |{{Css Image Crop|Image=Rep. Yvonne Burke.jpg|bSize=135|cWidth=125|cHeight=155|oTop=5|oLeft=5}}

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Yvonne Brathwaite Burke]]'''<br />{{small|(born 1932)}}

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired to run unsuccessfully for [[Attorney General of California]].{{efn|First woman to serve as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[94th United States Congress]] during the second session.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001102|title=Burke, Yvonne Brathwaite (1932–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[94th United States Congress|94th]]<br />{{small|(1975–1977)}}

|[[95th United States Congress|95th]]<br />{{small|(1977–1979)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Barbara Jordan]]'''<br />{{small|(1936–1996)}}

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|First African American to serve in Congress from [[Texas]]. Along with [[Andrew Young]] from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], the first African American to serve in Congress from a [[Southern United States|Southern state]] since [[George Henry White]] from [[North Carolina]] in 1901.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000266|title=Jordan, Barbara Charline (1936–1996)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[94th United States Congress|94th]]<br />{{small|(1975–1977)}}

|[[95th United States Congress|95th]]<br />{{small|(1977–1979)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Andrew Young]]'''<br />{{small|(born 1932)}}

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|rowspan=3 |Resigned to become the [[United States Ambassador to the United Nations]].{{efn|Along with [[Barbara Jordan]] from [[Texas]], the first African American to serve in Congress from a [[Southern United States|Southern state]] since [[George Henry White]] from [[North Carolina]] in 1901.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=Y000028|title=Young, Andrew Jackson Jr. (1932–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[94th United States Congress|94th]]<br />{{small|(1975–1977)}}

|[[95th United States Congress|95th]]<br />{{small|(1977–1979)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Cardiss Collins]]'''<br />{{small|(1931–2013)}}

|[[93rd United States Congress|93rd]]<br />{{small|(1973–1975)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of her husband, [[George W. Collins]]. Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[96th United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000634|title=Collins, Cardiss (1931–2013)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[104th United States Congress|104th]]<br />{{small|(1995–1997)}}

|rowspan=6 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=6 |'''[[Harold Ford Sr.]]'''<br />{{small|(born 1945)}}

|[[94th United States Congress|94th]]<br />{{small|(1975–1977)}}

|rowspan=6 |Retired{{efn| His son, [[Harold Ford Jr.]] succeeded him in office. First African American to serve in Congress from [[Tennessee]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=F000261|title=Ford, Harold Eugene (1945–)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|[[98th United States Congress|98th]]<br />{{small|(1983–1985)}}

|[[104th United States Congress|104th]]<br />{{small|(1995–1997)}}

|rowspan=6 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=6 |'''[[Julian Dixon]]'''<br />{{small|(1934–2000)}}

|[[96th United States Congress|96th]]<br />{{small|(1979–1981)}}

|rowspan=6 |Died in office{{efn|Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[98th United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000373|title=Dixon, Julian Carey (1934–2000)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|[[103rd United States Congress|103rd]]<br />{{small|(1993–1995)}}

|[[106th United States Congress|106th]]<br />{{small|(1999–2001)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[William H. Gray III]]'''<br />{{small|(1941–2013)}}

|[[96th United States Congress|96th]]<br />{{small|(1979–1981)}}

|rowspan=3 |Resigned to become President of the [[United Negro College Fund]].{{efn|Served as chair for the [[House Democratic Caucus]] during the [[101st United States Congress]] and [[Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives#Whips|House Democratic Whip]] during the [[102nd United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=G000402|title=Gray, William Herbert, III (1941–2013)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Mickey Leland]]'''<br />{{small|(1944–1989)}}

|[[96th United States Congress|96th]]<br />{{small|(1979–1981)}}

|rowspan=3 |Died in office{{efn|Served as chair for the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[99th United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000237|title=Leland, George Thomas (Mickey) (1944 - 1989)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[101st United States Congress|101st]]<br />{{small|(1989–1991)}}

|style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|'''[[Bennett Stewart]]'''<br />{{small|(1912–1988)}}

|[[96th United States Congress|96th]]<br />{{small|(1979–1981)}}

|Lost renomination<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000902|title=Stewart, Bennett McVey (1912–1988)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[George Crockett Jr.]]'''<br />{{small|(1909–1997)}}

|[[96th United States Congress|96th]]<br />{{small|(1979–1981)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|Elected to fill vacancy caused by the resignation of [[Charles Diggs]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000919|title=Crockett, George William Jr. (1909–1997)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[101st United States Congress|101st]]<br />{{small|(1989–1991)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Mervyn Dymally]]'''<br />{{small|(1926–2012)}}

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|rowspan=3 |Retired{{efn|Served as chair of the [[Congressional Black Caucus]] in the [[100th United States Congress]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000592|title=Dymally, Mervyn Malcolm (1926–2012)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=3 |'''[[Gus Savage]]'''<br />{{small|(1925–2015)}}

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|rowspan=3 |Lost renomination.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000081|title=Savage, Gus (1925–2015)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[102nd United States Congress|102nd]]<br />{{small|(1991–1993)}}

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[Harold Washington]]'''<br />{{small|(1922–1987)}}

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|rowspan=2 |Resigned to become [[Mayor of Chicago]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=W000180|title=Washington, Harold (1922–1987)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>

|[[98th United States Congress|98th]]<br />{{small|(1983–1985)}}

|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" width=16px |

|rowspan=2 |'''[[Katie Hall (American politician)|Katie Hall]]'''<br />{{small|(1938–2012)}}

|[[97th United States Congress|97th]]<br />{{small|(1981–1983)}}

|rowspan=2 |Lost renomination{{efn|Elected to Congress to fill vacancy caused by the death of [[Adam Benjamin Jr.]] First African American to serve in Congress from [[Indiana]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000058|title=Hall, Katie Beatrice (1938–2012)|access-date=July 16, 2013|publisher=[[United States Congress]]|work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress}}</ref>