{{IPA key|H:IPA-UK}}

{{inline audio}}

The charts below show the way in which the [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] represents [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see [[Template:IPA]] and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

Ukrainian distinguishes hard (unpalatalized or plain) and soft ([[palatalization (phonetics)|palatalized]]) consonants (both phonetically and orthographically). Soft consonants, most of which are denoted by a superscript ''j'', {{angbr IPA|ʲ}}, are pronounced with the body of the [[tongue]] raised toward the [[hard palate]], like the articulation of the ''y'' sound in ''yes''.

See [[Ukrainian phonology]] and [[Ukrainian alphabet]] for a more thorough look at the sounds of Ukrainian.

! colspan="8" | [[Consonant]]s

! colspan="4" | Hard

! colspan="4" | [[palatalization (phonetics)|Soft]]

! [[Help:IPA|IPA]] !! colspan="2" | Examples !! English approximations !! IPA !! colspan="2" | Examples !! English approximations

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|b}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''б'''ог}}<ref name="voiced">Voiceless [[obstruent]]s {{IPA|/p t tʲ ts tsʲ tʃ k x f s sʲ ʃ/}} are voiced {{IPA|[b d dʲ dz dzʲ dʒ ɡ ɣ v z zʲ ʒ]}} before other voiced obstruents. {{IPA|[ɣ]}} and {{IPA|[v]}} only ever occur in this case.</ref>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-Бог.ogg|[bɔɦ]}}

| '''b'''oot

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|d̪|d}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''д'''им}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-дим.ogg|[dɪm]}}

| '''d'''o

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|dʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''д'''ім}}, {{lang|uk|мі'''дь'''}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-дім.ogg|[d⁽ʲ⁾im]}}, {{IPA|[midʲ]}}

|me'''di'''a

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|d̪͡z̪|dz}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''дз'''е́ркало}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-дзеркало.ogg|[ˈdzɛrkɐlo]}}

| pa'''ds'''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|dzʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|ґе'''дзь'''}}, {{lang|uk|'''дзь'''об}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ґедзь.ogg|[ɡɛdzʲ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-дзьоб.ogg|[dzʲɔb]}}

| pa'''d's y'''ours

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|dʒ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''дж'''міль}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-джміль.ogg|[dʒmilʲ]}}

|'''j'''ump, ri'''dg'''e

| colspan="4" rowspan="5" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|f}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''ф'''а́рба}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-фарба.ogg|[ˈfɑrbɐ]}}

| '''f'''ool

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɡ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''ґ'''а́нок}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ґанок.ogg|[ˈɡɑnok]}}

| '''g'''ood

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɣ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|чахо'''х'''бі́лі}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{IPA|[tʃɐxoɣˈbil⁽ʲ⁾i]}}

| ''between'' '''g'''ood ''and'' '''h'''ood

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɦ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''г'''азе́та}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-газета.ogg|[ɦɐˈzɛtɐ]}}

| be'''h'''ind

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|j}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''й'''ти}}, {{lang|uk|га'''й'''}}, {{lang|uk|'''ї'''да́льня}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-йти.ogg|[jtɪ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-гай.ogg|[ɦɑj]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-їдальня.ogg|[jiˈdɑlʲnʲɐ]}}

|'''y'''es

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|k}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''к'''люч}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ключ.ogg|[klʲutʃ]}}

| s'''c'''ar

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɫ|l}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''л'''ось}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-лось.ogg|[lɔsʲ]}}

| be'''ll'''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|lʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''л'''ід}}, {{lang|uk|сі'''ль'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-лід.ogg|[l⁽ʲ⁾id]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-сіль.ogg|[s⁽ʲ⁾ilʲ]}}

| mi'''lli'''on

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|m}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''м'''ир}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-мир.ogg|[mɪr]}}

| '''m'''oot

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|n̪|n}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''н'''е́бо}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-небо.ogg|[ˈnɛbo]}}

| '''n'''oon

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|nʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''н'''і́жний}}, {{lang|uk|де'''нь'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ніжний.ogg|[ˈn⁽ʲ⁾iʒnɪj]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-день.ogg|[dɛnʲ]}}

| ca'''ny'''on

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|p}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''п'''ил}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-пил.ogg|[pɪl]}}

| s'''p'''are

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|r}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|лі́ка'''р'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-лікар.ogg|[ˈl⁽ʲ⁾ikɐr]}}

| ''[[alveolar trill|trilled r]], like in [[Spanish language|Spanish]]'' '''r'''iesgo

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|rʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''р'''і́чка}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-річка.ogg|[ˈr⁽ʲ⁾itʃkɐ]}}

| ''trilled r, like in Spanish'' '''r'''iesgo

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|s̪|s}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''с'''уп}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-суп.ogg|[sup]}}

| '''s'''oup

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|sʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''с'''і́но}}, {{lang|uk|ві'''сь'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-сіно.ogg|[ˈs⁽ʲ⁾ino]}}, {{IPA|[wisʲ]}}

| a'''ss'''ume ''([[Received Pronunciation|RP]])''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ʃ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''ш'''пари́на}}, {{lang|uk|ви́'''щ'''е}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-шпарина.ogg|[ʃpɐˈrɪnɐ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-вище.ogg|[ˈwɪʃtʃe]}}

| '''sh'''op

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|t̪|t}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''т'''ин}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-тин.ogg|[tɪn]}}

| s'''t'''ar

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|tʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''т'''інь}}, {{lang|uk|ми'''ть'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-тінь.ogg|[t⁽ʲ⁾inʲ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-мить.ogg|[mɪtʲ]}}

| s'''t'''ew ''([[Received Pronunciation|RP]])''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|t̪͡s̪|ts}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''ц'''ибу́ля}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-цибуля.ogg|[tsɪˈbulʲɐ]}}

| ca'''ts'''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|tsʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''ц'''іна́}}, {{lang|uk|віне́'''ць'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ціна.ogg|[ts⁽ʲ⁾iˈnɑ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-вінець.ogg|[wiˈnɛtsʲ]}}

| ca'''t's y'''oung

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|tʃ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|о'''ч'''ере́т}}, {{lang|uk|ви'''щ'''е}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-очерет.ogg|[otʃeˈrɛt]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-вище.ogg|[ˈwɪʃtʃe]}}

| '''ch'''oose

| colspan="4" rowspan="5" {{n/a}}

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|w|u̯}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''в'''чи́тель}}, {{lang|uk|ста'''в'''}}<ref name="V">The phoneme {{IPA|/w/}} (spelled {{angbr|в}} has variable pronunciation, but is generally labiodental {{IPAblink|ʋ}}; it is {{IPAblink|w}} before {{IPA|/ɔ/}} or {{IPA|/u/}} and is vocalized to {{IPAblink|u̯}} before a consonant at the beginning of a word, after a vowel before a consonant or after a vowel at the end of a word. For simplicity, we will use {{angbr IPA|w}} for both {{IPA|[ʋ]}} and {{IPA|[w]}}.</ref>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-вчитель.ogg|[ˈu̯tʃɪtelʲ]}}, {{IPA|[stɑu̯]}}

| to'''w'''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|v}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|А'''ф'''ганіста́н}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{IPA|[ɐvɦɐn⁽ʲ⁾iˈstɑn]}}

| '''v'''ine

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ʋ|w}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''в'''іл}}<ref name="V"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-віл.ogg|[wil]}}

| ''between'' '''w'''ine ''and'' '''v'''ine

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|x}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''х'''овра́'''х'''}}

| {{IPA|[xou̯ˈrɑx]}}

| Ba'''ch''', lo'''ch'''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|z̪|z}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''з'''уб}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-зуб.ogg|[zub]}}

| '''z'''oo

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA|zʲ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''з'''і́ллю}}, {{lang|uk|рі́'''зь'''блення}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{IPA|[ˈz⁽ʲ⁾ilʲːʊ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-різьблення.ogg|[ˈr⁽ʲ⁾izʲblenʲːɐ]}}

| pre'''s'''ume ''([[Received Pronunciation|RP]])''

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ʒ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''ж'''и́то}}<ref name="voiced"/>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-жито.ogg|[ˈʒɪto]}}

| mea'''s'''ure

| colspan="4" {{n/a}}

! colspan="8" | [[Vowel]]s

! colspan="4" | Stressed

! colspan="4" | Unstressed

! colspan="2" | Examples

! English approximation

! IPA

! colspan="2" | Examples

! English approximation

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɑ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|г'''а'''й}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-гай.ogg|[ɦɑj]}}

| f'''a'''ther

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɐ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|г'''а'''рма́т'''а'''}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-гармата.ogg|[ɦɐrˈmɑtɐ]}}

| h'''u'''g

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɛ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|д'''е'''нь}}, {{lang|uk|'''є'''сть}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-день.ogg|[dɛnʲ]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|Uk-єсть.ogg|[jɛsʲtʲ]}}

| m'''e'''t

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|e}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''е'''фі́рний}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ефірний.ogg|[eˈfirnɪj]}}

| r'''a'''te

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|i}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|к'''і'''т}}, {{lang|uk|'''і́'''кла}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-кіт.ogg|[kit]}}, {{IPA|[ˈiklɐ]}}

| m'''ee'''t

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|i}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|б'''і'''ле́т}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-білет.ogg|[biˈlɛt]}}

| m'''ee'''t

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɪ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|м'''и́'''ша}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-миша.ogg|[ˈmɪʃɐ]}}

| b'''i'''t

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɪ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|кра́сн'''и'''й}}<ref>May also be realized as {{IPAblink|e}}.</ref>

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-красний.ogg|[ˈkrɑsnɪj]}}

| b'''i'''t

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ɔ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|п'''о́'''ле}}, {{lang|uk|ль'''о'''н}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-поле.ogg|[ˈpɔle]}}, {{IPA|[lʲɔn]}}

| '''o'''ff

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|o}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|'''о'''ру́дний}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-орудний.ogg|[oˈrudnɪj]}}

| c'''o'''ld

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|u}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|д'''у'''х}}, {{lang|uk|л'''ю'''ть}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-дух.ogg|[dux]}}, {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-лють.ogg|[lʲutʲ]}}

| f'''oo'''l

| style="text-align: center;" |<big>{{IPA link|ʊ}}</big>

| {{lang|uk|т'''у'''ди́}}

| {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-туди.ogg|[tʊˈdɪ]}}

| p'''u'''t

! colspan="8" | Other symbols

! colspan="3" | [[Help:IPA|IPA]] !! colspan="5" | Explanation

| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ˈ|<big>ˈ</big>◌}}

| colspan="5" | [[Stress (linguistics)|stress]] (placed before the stressed syllable)

| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ˌ|<big>ˌ</big>◌}}

| colspan="5" | [[secondary stress]] (placed before the stressed syllable)

| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | {{IPAlink|ː|◌<big>ː</big>}}

| colspan="5" | [[gemination]] (the consonant is pronounced twice as long)<ref>In Ukrainian, geminates are found between vowels: {{lang|uk|бага́ття}} {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-багаття.ogg|[bɐˈɦɑtʲːɐ]}} 'bonfire', {{lang|uk|подру́жжя}} {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-подружжя.ogg|[poˈdruʒːɐ]}} 'married couple', {{lang|uk|обли́ччя}} {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-обличчя.ogg|[oˈblɪtʃːɐ]}} 'face'. Geminates also occur at the beginning of a few words: {{lang|uk|лля́ний}} {{IPA|[ˈlʲːɑnɪj]}} 'flaxen', forms of the verb {{lang|uk|ли́ти}} 'to pour' ({{lang|uk|ллючи́}} {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ллючи.ogg|[lʲːʊˈtʃɪ]}}, {{lang|uk|ллю}} {{IPA|[lʲːu]}}, {{lang|uk|ллєш}} {{IPA|[lʲːɛʃ]}} etc.), {{lang|uk|сса́ти}} {{audio-IPA|help=no|uk-ссати.ogg|[ˈsːɑtɪ]}} 'to suck' and derivatives.{{fact}}</ref>

| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|◌<big>⁽ʲ⁾</big>}}

| colspan="5" | optional nature of consonant palatalization before {{IPA|/i/}}

==References==

{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==

{{refbegin}}

* {{cite book

| last1=Danyenko

| first1=Andrii

| last2=Vakulenko

| first2=Serhii

| year=1995

| title=Ukrainian

| publisher=Lincom Europa

| isbn=978-3-929075-08-3

| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WUsbAQAAIAAJ

}}

* {{cite book

| last1=Жовтобрюх

| first1=М.А.

| last2=Кулик

| first2=Б.М.

| year=1965

| script-title=uk:Курс сучасної української літературної мови. Частина I.

| publisher=Радянська школа

| place=Kyiv

| language=uk

}}

{{refend}}

*{{clc|Pages with Ukrainian IPA|pages}}

{{IPA keys}}