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;Israeli military's account
;Israeli military's account
[[Image:Activistboatclash.jpg|right|thumb|Snapshot of the clash. Source: [[Israel Defense Forces]] footage]]
[[Image:Paintball1.png‎|right|thumb|Snapshot of the clash. Soldier shown with Paintball gun. Source: [[Israel Defense Forces]] footage]]


According to the Israeli military, Israeli commandos said they were prepared to encounter political activists seeking to hold a protest, and were armed with paintball guns and handguns as sidearms.<ref>{{cite news
According to the Israeli military, Israeli commandos said they were prepared to encounter political activists seeking to hold a protest, and were armed with paintball guns and handguns as sidearms.<ref>{{cite news

Revision as of 10:35, 1 June 2010

Gaza flotilla clash
File:Gaza-flotilla-boarded.jpg
Israeli commandos aboard the MV Mavi Marmara. On the lower-right the Flag of Turkey is visible.
LocationInternational waters of the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Israel, North-West of Gaza
Date31 May 2010 (2010-05-31)
04:00[1] (UTC+3)
Deaths9 passengers[2]
Injuredup to 60 passengers and 10 Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers wounded.[3]

Template:Campaignbox Arab-Israeli conflict

The Gaza flotilla clash occurred on 31 May 2010, when a flotilla of six ships carrying pro-Palestinian activists, known as the "Gaza freedom flotilla", who were planning to attempt to breach the Gaza blockade, were seized by Israeli naval forces in the international waters of the Mediterranean Sea. According to Israeli sources, their forces boarded the flotilla after it had declined to change its route to the port of Ashdod, where they intended to inspect the cargo and deliver non-banned items to Gaza.[4]

9 passengers of the Turkish-flagged MV Mavi Marmara were reported killed by Israeli soldiers who landed on the ship. Israel defended its actions, saying its soldiers were ambushed with knives and metal bars — as well as handguns wrested from the commandos. [5][6][7] Up to 60 passengers and 10 Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers were wounded in the clash.[3][8] The international reaction has varied from strong criticism of Israel to deep regret for the loss of life and requests for inquiries.

Israel said it would release 50 of the passengers and crew and imprison the remaining 629 who refused to identify themselves.[9]

Background

Main article: Free Gaza Movement

The "Gaza Freedom Flotilla", which consisted of six Turkish, Irish, American, Swedish and Greek flagged ships,[10][11] was organized to ship humanitarian aid, including building materials such as cement which Israel classifies as "banned materials", to the Gaza Strip, in violation of the Blockade of Gaza. The passengers included intellectuals and journalists from all around the world, especially Sweden, Germany and United Kingdom. The ships were owned or chartered by a number of non-governmental organizations, including the Free Gaza Movement (FGM), the Turkish Foundation for Human Rights and Freedom and Humanitarian Relief (İHH) and the Greek Boat for Gaza.[12]

It was the ninth time that the FGM had tried to ship aid to Gaza. Five aid shipments had been allowed through prior to the Gaza war of 2008–09 but all shipments following the war were blocked by Israeli forces. The latest flotilla was the largest to date, carrying 10,000 tons of humanitarian aid and supplies.[citation needed] It also carried journalists, European parliamentarians and 700 pro-Palestinian activists, including the Northern Irish Nobel Peace Prize laureate Mairead Corrigan Maguire,[3] and the head of the Israeli Islamic Movement in Israel Raed Salah.[13] Many of those aboard were Turkish citizens,[14] though the flotilla also included activists from Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Kuwait, Malaysia, Norway, Netherlands, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Israeli spokesmen stated that the flotilla would not be permitted to reach Gaza but would be redirected to the port of Ashdod, where a special detention facility had been set up for the activists. Israeli officials also claimed that all non-banned cargo would be transferred to Gaza after undergoing a security inspection.[15] Foreigners would be deported or, if they did not willingly agree to be deported, detained.[3] Activists aboard the ships repeatedly claimed they would not respond with violence to the navy's interception of their flotilla prior to the boarding,[16] but Turkey's NTV showed activists beating one Israeli soldier with sticks as he rappelled from a helicopter onto one of the boats.[15] An Egyptian offer was also made to transfer humanitarian aid to the people of Gaza, but the organizers rejected it.[17]

Ships in the flotilla

The Challenger 1 and Challenger 1I are US-flagged vessels operated by the Free Gaza Movement.[18]

  • Greece Eleftheri Mesogeio (Eλεύθερη Mεσόγειος)[19]
  • Greece Sfendoni (Σφενδόνη) [19]

The Eleftheri Mesogeio ("Free Mediterranean") is a Greek-flagged cargo vessel and the Sfendoni is a Greek-flagged passenger vessel operated by the Greek Boat for Gaza and the European Campaign to End the Siege of Gaza. Both vessels left Piraeus on 25 May to rendezvous with the rest of the flotilla off Cyprus.[20][21]

The Mavi Marmara is a Turkish passenger ship, which was owned and operated by Istanbul Fast Ferries Co. Inc. in the Sea of Marmara.[22] It was purchased especially for the trip to Gaza by the Foundation for Human Rights and Freedom and Humanitarian Relief (İHH), a Turkish Islamic charity, as no shipowner was willing to risk their vessel on the journey.[23]

Events leading up to the clash

The flotilla began its journey on Sunday 30 May 2010 from international waters off the coast of Cyprus.[3] The government of Cyprus refused to cooperate with the Free Gaza Movement, or allow activists to sail from its harbors, with the Cyprus Police stating that "anything related to the trip to Gaza is not permitted".[25] The flotilla sailed after two days of delays, aiming to reach Gaza on Monday afternoon.[3] The Israeli Navy made initial contact with the flotilla at 11 p.m. (23:00) on 30 May, 200 kilometres (120 mi) North-West of Gaza, 64 kilometres (40 mi) off the coast of Israel in international waters, ordering the ships to follow them to port or otherwise be boarded.[26][14]

The Israeli navy contacted the captain of the Mavi Marmara, asking him to identify himself and say where the ship was headed. Shortly after, two Israeli naval vessels flanked the flotilla on either side, but at a distance, and an Israeli aircraft flew overhead.[27]

Just before the raid, the Israeli Navy again contacted the Mavi Marmara, warning it that it was approaching an "area of hostility which is under naval blockade", and telling it that it could instead dock in the Port of Ashdod, where the supplies would be delivered through the "formal land crossings" under the observation of activists, after which the fleet would be allowed to leave to their home ports. The Mavi Marmara replied "Negative, negative. Our destination is Gaza".[28]

Boarding

Mavi Marmara leaving Istanbul for Gaza on 22 May 2010

The flotilla had planned to break through the Gaza blockade, despite Israel's proposal for the activists to dock in Ashdod port and transfer the cargo through there.[3] After the flotilla activists ignored repeated calls to turn back, Israeli soldiers from the Shayetet 13 unit boarded the ships at around 04:00 IST[1] with paintball guns and handguns[3][27] while in international waters 64 kilometres (40 mi) out to sea.[14]

Mavi Marmara boarding

According to the IDF (Israeli Defense Force), activists on the Mavi Marmara responded with violence and soldiers were alleged to have been forced to fire in self-defense.[29] The Israeli military released video footage of the incident, which they claim shows the first soldier being attacked while boarding and thrown to the lower deck; at least one incident in which a stun grenade and fire bomb was thrown at the soldiers; and activists beating one of the soldiers and trying to kidnap him while others are beating the soldiers with a metal pole.[30] According to Major Avital Leibovich of the IDF Spokesperson's Unit, the activists attacked the soldiers with pistols, knives, slingshots, spikes and clubs (for video footage see External links below).[31] A spokesperson for the Free Gaza Movement said in response that the activists were committed not to pose any violent resistance. "The only resistance that there might be would be passive resistance such as physically blocking the steering room, or blocking the engine room downstairs, so that they couldn't get taken over. But that was just symbolic resistance."[14] According to Al Jazeera's journalist Jamal Elshayyal, on board the ship, a white surrender flag was raised from the ship and there was no live fire coming from the activists.[27]

Israeli military's account
File:Paintball1.png
Snapshot of the clash. Soldier shown with Paintball gun. Source: Israel Defense Forces footage

According to the Israeli military, Israeli commandos said they were prepared to encounter political activists seeking to hold a protest, and were armed with paintball guns and handguns as sidearms.[32][33] The soldiers orders were to verbally convince activists to give up, and if not successful, use non-lethal force to commandeer the ship. The commandos were instructed not to use the sidearms except in an emergency, when their lives were at risk.[34][35]

The Israeli military reported that the commandos were immediately attacked after descending from helicopters onto the deck of the ship. Soldiers were reportedly beaten badly, one was stabbed, and one was thrown to a lower deck 30 feet below. [36] An Israeli commando said "There was live fire at some point against us ... They were shooting at us from below deck."[37] Stun grenades and tear gas were used in an attempt to disperse activists. When this proved ineffective, commandos requested and received permission to use live ammunition against resisting activists. The commandos reached the bridge and took over the ship after 30 minutes.[38][39] Some fighting can be seen in videos released by the Israeli military and Free Gaza activists.

Flotilla organizers' and activists' account

Organizers of the convoy have denied the account of Israeli military. Arafat Shoukri, of the Free Gaza Movement (FGM), one the co-organizers of the flotilla convey, said those on board one ship had called them by telephone to say that Israeli helicopters had arrived.[40] "Then we started to hear screams, shouting, shooting everywhere," he said. "We heard some of them shouting 'We are raising the white flag, stop shooting at us'".[40] He dismissed Israel's claims of activists having weapons on board as "cheap propaganda".[40]

Due to a communications blackout after the attack, it has thus far been difficult to get accounts from activists on board.[40]

Other boardings

Although the Israeli has stated that the only incidents took place in Mavi Marmara, Spanish newspaper El País has reported that several people from the other ships were also wounded.[41]

Investigation for on-board weapons

File:Weapons on Marmaris.jpg
IDF photo showing alleged weapons recovered on the Mavi Marmaris

A statement released by the Foreign Affairs Minister of Israel claimed that violence against the soldiers was pre-planned, and that several pistols and "light weaponry" were found on the ships. Explicitly Israel stated that the naval forces "found weapons prepared in advance and used against our forces"[42][43]

In response, activists denied this saying that would be impossible because "all the boats were carefully inspected by the government before they left the port of departure."[44] Video footage was reported to show slingshots and pipes found on the ship used against boarding Israeli soldiers.[45] Turkish officials denied that weapons were on board, stating that every passenger had been searched with X-ray machines and metal detectors before boarding. Senior officials in the Customs Undersecretariat called the Israeli allegations tantamount to "complete nonsense".[46]

Fate of participants and cargo

Following the boardings, Israeli naval forces began towing the flotilla's vessels to Ashdod, from where the activists are to be deported.[14] Israel said humanitarian aid confiscated from the ships would be transferred to Gaza, but Israel would not transfer banned items such as cement.[3]

At least 32 activists who had been onboard the ships were arrested and incarcerated by the Israel Prisons Service after refusing to sign deportation orders, including two who were wounded but refused hospital treatment.[47] Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs Micheál Martin called the arrests "kidnapping". [48]

Israel is detaining 480 activists captured in the raid at a prison in Ashdod. Forty-eight others will be expelled and sent back to their home countries via Ben Gurion International Airport. [49]

Deaths and injuries

Full details as to the exact number of injuries and deaths were not immediately available because Israel military censors blocked that information from the press.[50][51][52]

Activists

Reports indicate that at least nine activists have been killed and dozens more injured. Members of the Turkish Red Crescent, the largest humanitarian organization in Turkey, will travel to Tel Aviv to assist in the return of the dead and wounded. The Israeli military has said most of the dead were Turks.[53][54]

Israeli

Israeli reports say that 10 soldiers were injured in the clash.[3][8] The Israeli military reported that two soldiers had sustained gunshot wounds, and one soldier sustained a serious head wound and lost consciousness after being tossed from an upper deck by the activists.[55]

International reactions

Main article: International reactions to the Gaza flotilla clash

There have been strong international reactions to the Gaza flotilla clash of 31 May 2010. While official responses have varied from strong condemnation to deep concern over the killings, many countries called for an international investigation. Unofficial responses included civilian protests of the Israeli action following reports of the deaths aboard the Marmara. [56] [57][58]

Notable people onboard the flotilla

Main article: List of participants of the Gaza flotilla

Notable people onboard the flotilla included Nobel Peace Prize laureate Mairead Corrigan, Israeli-Arab member of Knesset Haneen Zoubi, leader of the northern branch of the Islamic Movement in Israel Raed Salah, and a number of parliamentarians from European and Arab national legislatures and the European Parliament.[59]

Legality of raid

Template:Otheruses-section

Legal arguments for Israel's action

San Remo Memorandum

Mark Regev, spokesman for the Prime Minister of Israel, has stated that "the San Remo memorandum[60] states, specifically 67A, that if you have a boat that is charging a blockaded area you are allowed to intercept even prior to it reaching the blockaded area if you've warned them in advance, and that we did a number of times and they had a stated goal which they openly expressed, of breaking the blockade. That blockade is in place to protect our people."[61]

Gaza Jericho Agreement

According to [62] the Gaza-Jericho Agreement (Annex I, Article XI) which vests Israel with the responsibility for security along the coastline and the Sea of Gaza. The agreement stipulates that Israel may take any measures necessary against vessels suspected of being used for terrorist activities or for smuggling arms, ammunition, drugs, goods, or for any other illegal activity. [62]

Legal arguments against Israel's action

Senior political analyst Marwan Bishara of the Arabic news network Al Jazeera has stated that "Attacking other nations' citizens in international waters because they resisted arrest is not only illegal, but serves to demean international legal norms".[63]

Turkey, the unofficial sponsor of the mission has said through its Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, "this attack is state terrorism, violating international law." The Turkish government has requested NATO convene in an emergency session to discuss the incident.[64][65]

A group of Israeli lawyers which included Avigdor Feldman, petitioned the Israeli High Court charging that Israel had violated the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea by capturing the boats in international waters. Robbie Sabel, the former legal adviser to the Israeli foreign ministry, told The Jerusalem Post that the state would almost certainly argue that the seizure of the vessels was an executive act with which the court was not authorized to intervene.[66]

Robin Churchill, a professor of international law at the University of Dundee in Scotland, said the Israeli commandos boarded the ship outside of Israel's territorial waters. "As far as I can see, there is no legal basis for boarding these ships," Churchill said.[67] Ove Bring, Swedish expert on public international law, said that Israel had no right to take military action.[68] That is also supported by Mark Klamberg at Stockholm University.[69] Hugo Tiberg, professor in maritime law, states that Israel had no right to attack the ships.[70]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Israel tows Gaza aid ships to Ashdod after 10 activists killed in clashes with navy". Haaretz. 31 May 2010.
  2. ^ Amy Teibel and Tia Goldenberg. "Israeli commandos storm aid flotilla; 9 killed". Associated Press. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "At least 10 activists killed in Israel Navy clashes onboard Gaza aid flotilla". Haaretz. 31 May 2010.
  4. ^ Ravid, Barak (25 May 2010). "Israel: Gaza aid convoy can unload cargo in Ashdod for inspection – Haaretz Daily Newspaper | Israel News". Haaretz.com. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  5. ^ Edmund Sanders (31 May 2010). "At least 10 die as Israel halts aid flotilla". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  6. ^ Israel attacks Gaza aid fleet "Israel attacks Gaza aid fleet". Al-Jazeera. 31 May 2010. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  7. ^ "9 dead as Israeli forces storm Gaza aid convoy". CNN. 31 May 2010.
  8. ^ a b "More Than 10 Dead After Israel Intercepts Gaza Aid Convoy". Wall Street Journal. 31 May 2010.
  9. ^ Teibel, Amy (2010-06-01). "Palestine Militants Fight Israel, Two Reported Dead". Associated Press.
  10. ^ Charalambous, Charlie (29 May 2010). "Aid flotilla set for Gaza blockade-busting bid". AFP.
  11. ^ Steve Bryant, Benjamin Harvey (31 May 2010). "Turkey, Germany, France Lead Condemnation of Israeli Ship Raid". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  12. ^ "US-Israel links at risk over deadly aid convoy attack". The Times. 31 May 2010.
  13. ^ Islamic Movement leader Salaach injured in flotilla clashes, Jerusalem Post
  14. ^ a b c d e f "Deaths as Israeli forces storm Gaza aid ship". BBC News. 31 May 2010.
  15. ^ a b "Israel Prime Minister Gives 'Full Support' to Military in Gaza Flotilla Raid". Fox News. 31 May 2010. Retrieved 29 May 2010.
  16. ^ "Up to 16 killed as Israeli forces storm aid convoy". ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  17. ^ "Flotilla Heads for Gaza Blockade". ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). 28 May 2010. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  18. ^ a b c As American as Apple Pie, by Greta Berlin, freegaza.org, 30-05-2010
  19. ^ a b "Έτοιμο να εμποδίσει τον «Στόλο της Ελευθερίας» το Ισραήλ". tvxs.gr. Retrieved 31 May 2010. (Greek)
  20. ^ "News digest". Athens News. 31 May 2010.
  21. ^ Ghraeib, Omar (27 May 2010). "International Aid Fleet Sets Sail to Gaza defying Israel's threats". The Palestine Telegraph.
  22. ^ "Mavi Marmara Yolcu Gemisi" (in Turkish). IDO. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  23. ^ "Turkish rights group's cargo ship to set sail with Gaza aid". Hürriyet. 13 May 2010.
  24. ^ [1]
  25. ^ Michele Kambas (28 May 2010). "Cyprus bans activists from joining flotilla". Reuters. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  26. ^ Yaakov Katz (31 May 2010). "Gaza flotilla changes course". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  27. ^ a b c "Israel attacks Gaza aid fleet". Al Jazeera English. 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  28. ^ Israeli Navy addresses a ship in the flotilla and Offers it to Dock in the Ashdod Port (IDF Spokesperson's Unit)
  29. ^ "Barak: Flotilla organizers to blame for 15 dead activists".
  30. ^ "IDF forces met with pre-planned violence when attempting to board flotilla". Israel ministry of foreign affairs. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  31. ^ Israel: Activists on Gaza sail had weapons "Israel: Activists on Gaza sail had weapons". Ynetnews. 31 May 2010. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
  32. ^ "Israel says troops acted in self defense". O2 News. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  33. ^ "Israeli commandos describe Gaza raid". Reuters. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  34. ^ Katz, Yaakov. "Navy commandos:'They came for war'". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  35. ^ Katz, Yaakov. "Navy commandos:'They came for war'". Jpost.com. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  36. ^ "Casualties reported during IDF raid on Gaza sail". Ynetnews. 20 June 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  37. ^ "Israeli military gives version of flotilla incident". CNN.
  38. ^ "A brutal ambush at sea – Israel News, Ynetnews". Ynetnews.com. 20 June 1995. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  39. ^ The Daily Telegraph - Israel reconstruction: how the Gaza aid flotilla attack unfolded (31 May 2010)
  40. ^ a b c d "Israeli PM 'regrets' deaths as troops storm aid ships". BBC.
  41. ^ "Israel asalta la legalidad internacional". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 June 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link):"Al menos una parte de la versión del Ministerio de Defensa israelí resulta poco creíble: en las otras naves, donde supuestamente nadie opuso resistencia, también hubo heridos, como pudo comprobar este periódico hablando brevemente con algunos de ellos mientras eran ingresados en camilla en un hospital de Ashkelon." (At least one piece of the account from the Ministry of Defence of Israel is scarcely believable: in the other ships, where nobody apparently offer any resistance, there were also some wounded people, as this newspaper verified by briefly talking to some of the passengers when they were being admitted on couch to a hospital in Ashkelon)
  42. ^ IDF forces met with pre-planned violence when attempting to board flotilla, Foreign Affairs Minister of Israel statement, 31 May 2010
  43. ^ Report and videos, Ynet (Hebrew), 31 May 2010
  44. ^ "LIVE: Israeli raid on Gaza flotilla". BBC. 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  45. ^ "Weapons Found on the Flotilla Ship Mavi Marmara Used by Activists Against IDF Soldiers". Youtube. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  46. ^ Emre Soncan, Muzaffer Salcioğlu, Cihan Yenilmez (31 May 2010). "Customs officials deny Israeli claims weapons were onboard". Today's Zaman.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  47. ^ Kyzer, Liel (31 May 2010). "Israel detains dozens of Gaza flotilla activists upon arrival in Ashdod". Haaretz Daily. Retrieved 31 May 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  48. ^ "Martin: Irish citizens 'kidnapped' in international waters". Irish Examiner. Thomas Crosbie Holdings. 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  49. ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20100601/wl_afp/israelconflictgazaactivists AFP - Israel holds 480 activists, expelling 48: report
  50. ^ AFP staff reporter (31 May 2010). "Israeli commandos storm Gaza aid boat". Australia: HaroldSun.com. AFP. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  51. ^ Hider, James (31 May 2010). "Deadly clashes at sea as Israel intercepts Gaza-bound aid ships". Times On Line. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  52. ^ Reporters Without Borders staff (31 May 2010). "Israeli military prevents media from covering assault on humanitarian flotilla". Reporters Without Borders. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  53. ^ CNN Wire Staff. "Israeli assault on Gaza-bound flotilla leaves at least 9 dead". Cable News Network. Retrieved 31 May 2010. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  54. ^ Harriet Sherwood in Ashdod (31 May 2010). "Israeli commandos kill activists on flotilla bound for Gaza | World news | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  55. ^ Ron Ben-Yishai, A brutal ambush at sea, Ynet, 31 May 2010.
  56. ^ http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_asiapacific/view/1060324/1/.html
  57. ^ http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=2&article_id=115439
  58. ^ http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90777/90854/7006399.html
  59. ^ "Tension builds as flotilla approaches Gaza". Sydney Morning Herald. 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  60. ^ The 1994 San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts at Sea, by Louise Doswald-Beck, can be found here [2] and also in the International Review of the Red Cross, no. 309, pp.583–594
  61. ^ "Israeli government defends raid". 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  62. ^ a b "Gaza-Jericho Agreement". Israeli Foreign Ministry. 4 May 1994. Cite error: The named reference "Gaza-Jericho" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  63. ^ "Israel defending the indefensible". 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  64. ^ Goldenberg, Tia; Selcan Hacaoglu (31 May 2010). "Israelis told to avoid Turkey after flotilla raid". Real Clear World. Associated Press. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  65. ^ "Israel Boat Raid Sparks International Outcry". 31 May 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  66. ^ Izenberg, Dan (31 May 2010). "Israeli lawyers: Raid violates int'l law, Prosecution charges that Israel engaged in acts of piracy". Jerusalem Post.
  67. ^ Teibel, Amy (2010-05-31). "Israeli police say 16 Gaza activists sent to jail". AP. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  68. ^ SvD: "Israel har inte rätt ingripa militärt"
  69. ^ Dagens Juridik: Experter överens om Israel
  70. ^ GP: Professor i sjörätt: Israel gör fel

External links

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaza_flotilla_clash&diff=365404125&oldid=365403761

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