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{{short description|City of West Java, Indonesia}} |
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{{for|[[Districts of Indonesia|the District]] in [[Sleman Regency]], [[Special Region of Yogyakarta]]|Depok, Yogyakarta}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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| name = Depok |
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| settlement_type = [[List of regencies and cities of Indonesia|City]] |
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| native_name = ''Kota Depok'' |
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| image_skyline = Depok_Skyline.jpg |
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| image_alt = |
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| other_name = ''De Eerste Protestante Organisatie van Christenen'' |
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| image_caption = Skyline of Depok |
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| official_name = City of Depok<br>{{nobold|''Kota Depok''}} |
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| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Sundanese alphabet|Sundanese]] |
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| translit_lang1 = Other |
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| translit_lang1_info1 = {{Sund|ᮊᮧᮒ ᮓᮦᮕᮧᮊ᮪}} |
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| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]] |
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|nickname = ''Kota Belimbing'' (Starfruit City) |
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| translit_lang1_info1 = {{Sund|ᮓᮨᮕᮧᮊ᮪}} |
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|settlement_type = [[List of regencies and cities of Indonesia|City]] |
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| translit_lang1_type2 = [[Pegon script|Pegon]] |
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|motto = |
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| translit_lang1_info2 = ديڤوك |
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|image_skyline = Depokpictures.JPG |
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| image_flag = City Flag of Depok.svg |
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| image_shield = Coat of arms of Depok City.svg |
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|image_caption = |
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| nickname = ''Kota Belimbing''<br>(Starfruit City) |
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|image_flag = |
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| motto = ''Paricara Darma''<br />(Servant of the righteousness) |
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| image_map = Map of West Java highlighting Depok City.svg |
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|image_shield = |
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| mapsize = |
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| map_caption = Location within [[West Java]] |
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| pushpin_map = Indonesia_Java#Indonesia |
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| pushpin_label_position = right |
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|pushpin_map = Indonesia |
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| pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[Java]] and [[Indonesia]] |
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|coordinates_display = inline,title |
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| coordinates = {{coord|6.3940|S|106.8225|E|region:ID-JB_type:regency|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |
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|coordinates_region = ID |
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|subdivision_type |
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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|subdivision_name |
| subdivision_name = {{nowrap|{{flag|Indonesia|size=23px}}}} |
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|subdivision_type1 |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Province]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[West Java]] |
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| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|West Java}} |
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|subdivision_type2 = Capital |
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|subdivision_name2 |
| subdivision_name2 = |
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| established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
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|government_type = |
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| established_date = |
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|leader_title = Mayor |
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| established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |
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|leader_name = Idris Abdul Somad |
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| established_date2 = |
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|leader_title1 = Vice Mayor |
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| established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |
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|leader_name1 = Pradi Supriatna |
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| established_date3 = |
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|leader_title2 = |
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| government_type = |
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|leader_name2 = |
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| leader_title = Mayor |
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| leader_name = [[Mohammad Idris]] ([[Prosperous Justice Party|PKS]]) |
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|leader_name3 = |
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| leader_title1 = Vice Mayor |
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| leader_name1 = Imam Budi Hartono |
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| area_magnitude = |
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|established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |
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| area_total_km2 = 199.91 |
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|established_date2 = |
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| area_total_sq_mi = |
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|established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |
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| area_land_km2 = |
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| area_land_sq_mi = |
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|area_magnitude = |
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| area_water_km2 = |
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|area_total_km2 = 200.29 |
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| area_water_sq_mi = |
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|area_total_sq_mi = |
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| area_water_percent = |
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|area_land_km2 = |
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| area_urban_km2 = |
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|area_land_sq_mi = |
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| area_urban_sq_mi = |
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|area_water_km2 = |
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| area_metro_km2 = |
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|area_water_sq_mi = |
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| area_metro_sq_mi = |
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|area_water_percent = |
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| elevation_m = 93 |
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| elevation_ft = |
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| elevation_min_m = 50 |
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|area_metro_km2 = |
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| elevation_max_m = 140 |
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|area_metro_sq_mi = |
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| elevation_min_ft = 164 |
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|population_as_of = 2010 |
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| elevation_max_ft = 459 |
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|population_note = |
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|population_total |
| population_total = 2145400 |
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| population_as_of = mid 2023 estimate |
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|population_density_km2 =auto |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
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|population_density_sq_mi = |
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| population_density_sq_mi = |
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|population_metro = |
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| population_urban = |
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|population_density_metro_km2 = |
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| population_density_urban_km2 = |
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|population_density_metro_sq_mi = |
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| population_metro = |
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|population_urban = |
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| population_density_metro_km2 = |
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|population_density_urban_km2 = |
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| population_density_metro_sq_mi = |
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|population_density_urban_mi2 = |
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| population_rank = [[List of Indonesian cities by population|8th]] |
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|timezone = [[Time in Indonesia|WIB]] |
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| |
| blank_name = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022) |
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| blank_info = {{increase}} 0.819 ({{fontcolor|#007B00|very high}}) |
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|timezone_DST = |
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| population_note = <ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2023">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023, ''Kota Depok Dalam Angka 2023'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3276)</ref> |
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|utc_offset_DST = |
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| postal_code_type = [[Postal codes in Indonesia|Postcodes]] |
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|latd=6 |latm=23 |lats=24 |latNS=S |
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| postal_code = 164xx, 165xx |
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|longd=106 |longm=49 |longs=48 |longEW=E |
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| area_code = (+62) 21/251 |
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| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in Indonesia|Area code]] |
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|elevation_ft = 164–459 |
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| registration_plate_type = [[Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia|Vehicle registration]] |
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|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |
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| registration_plate = B |
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|postal_code = |
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| website = [http://www.depok.go.id/ depok.go.id] |
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| footnotes = |
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| pushpin_label = Depok City |
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| leader_title2 = |
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|website = [http://www.depok.go.id/ www.depok.go.id] |
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| leader_name2 = |
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| leader_title3 = |
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| leader_name3 = |
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| population_density_urban_sq_mi = |
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| timezone = [[Time in Indonesia|Indonesia Western Time]] |
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| utc_offset = +7 |
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| timezone_DST = |
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| utc_offset_DST = |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Contains special characters|Sundanese|compact=yes}} |
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'''Depok''' is a [[Cities of Indonesia|city]] in [[West Java]] province, [[Indonesia]] on the southern border of [[DKI Jakarta]] in the [[Jabotabek|Jabodetabek]] metropolitan region. The "de" in Jabo''de''tabek refers to Depok, while the word "depok" itself comes from [[Sundanese language]] meaning hermitage or abode of one living in seclusion.<ref>Sundanese English dictionary</ref> There is also a saying that the Depok word is an acronym of ''De Eerste Protestants Onderdaan Kerk''. |
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'''Depok''' ([[Pegon script|Pegon]]:ديڤوك) is a landlocked [[List of regencies and cities of Indonesia|city]] in [[West Java]] province. It is located directly south of [[Jakarta]] within the [[Jabodetabek|Jakarta Metropolitan Area]] in [[Indonesia]]. It has an area of 199.91 km<sup>2</sup>. It had a population of 1,738,600 at the 2010 census<ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011">Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref> and 2,056,400 at the 2020 census;<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref> the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,145,400 (comprising 1,080,541 males and 1,064,859 females), resulting in a density of 10,731.8 people per km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2024">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kota Depok Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3276)</ref> Depok was created as a separate city on 20 April 1999, having previously been part of [[Bogor Regency]]. It constitutes the second most populous suburban city in Indonesia (after [[Bekasi]]), and the [[List of satellite cities by population|tenth most populous suburban city globally]]. |
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It has an area of 200.29 km<sup>2</sup> and at the 2010 Census had a population of 1,751,696 people, with a density of 8,746 people/km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>[http://www.indonesia.go.id/id/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2566&Itemid=1347 Profil Daerah Jawa Barat]</ref> |
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The city is divided into eleven [[Districts of Indonesia|districts]] (''kecamatan''). The seat of the regency is located at [[Depok Jaya]]. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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There are two possible origins of the name 'Depok'. The first is that it the region was already known as Depok when the land was bought by [[Cornelis Chastelein]], a senior official in the [[Dutch East India Company]] in 1696 and that on 18 May 1696, a former [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] officer [[Cornelis Chastelein]] bought land with an area of 12.44 km<sup>2</sup>, 6.2% the area of today's Depok. Besides cultivating the area with industrial plants with the help of the locals, Chastelein was active as a missionary, preaching [[Christianity]] to the indigenous Indonesians. To this end, he established a local congregation named ''De Eerste Protestante Organisatie van Christenen (DEPOC)''. In the 1950s, the claim that this acronym led to the modern name for Depok emerged among the community of people from Depok living in the Netherlands.<ref name="The Forgotten Bule Depok">{{cite web|url=http://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.org/2014/09/22/forgotten-bule-depok/|title=The Forgotten Bule Depok – Good News from Indonesia|first=Tasa Nugraza|last=Barley|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502075127/http://www.goodnewsfromindonesia.org/2014/09/22/forgotten-bule-depok/|archive-date=2016-05-02|access-date=2016-10-18}}</ref> An alternative explanation for the name is that it comes from the Indonesian word ''padepokan'', meaning 'shrine', as the location had been used as a religious retreat before Chastelein's purchase of the land.<ref>{{cite web|author = Wahyu Adityo Prodjo| url= https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2021/04/27/06000041/berbagai-cerita-asal-usul-nama-depok-dari-padepokan-hingga-akronim?page=all| title=Berbagai Cerita Asal-usul Nama Depok, dari Padepokan hingga Akronim Komunitas Belanda-Depok | language = id | trans-title = Stories about the Origin of the Nema Depok, from Shrine to an Acronym from the Dutch-Depok Community |date = 27 April 2021 |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref> |
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Before his death on |
Before his death on 28 June 1714, Chastelein had written a will that freed the slave families of Depok and gave them pieces of his land, converting [[slaves]] into [[landlord]]s. |
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In 1714, the 12 slave families became landlords (forever as given to them with entitlement deeds of the owner Chastelien in his will) and freed men, women, and children. |
In 1714, the 12 slave families became landlords (forever as given to them with entitlement deeds of the owner Chastelien in his will) and freed men, women, and children. |
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The freed slaves are also referred to as the [[Mardijker people|Mardijker's]] |
The freed slaves are also referred to as the [[Mardijker people|Mardijker's]] – the word Merdeka meaning freedom in Bahasa Indonesia. June 28 is designated as Depokse Daag (Depok Day) by the original Depok family, and on 28 June 2014, commemorating 300 years, they formally opened a 3-meter height monument on its own land, but it was prohibited by the Government as it referred to Dutch colonialization.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tribunnews.com/metropolitan/2014/09/06/tugu-chastelein-dilarang-berdiri-di-depok |title=Tugu Chastelein Dilarang Berdiri di Depok |first=Rachmat |last=Hidayat |date=September 6, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908064602/http://www.tribunnews.com/metropolitan/2014/09/06/tugu-chastelein-dilarang-berdiri-di-depok |archive-date=September 8, 2014 }}</ref> |
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The 12 original Depok family names are:<ref> |
The 12 original Depok family names are:<ref name="Jakarta Globe article">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/lifeandtimes/who-are-the-real-belanda-depok/393038|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829075813/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/lifeandtimes/who-are-the-real-belanda-depok/393038|url-status=dead|title=''Jakarta Globe'' article.|archivedate=August 29, 2010}}</ref> |
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{{div col| |
{{div col|colwidth=18em}} |
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* Bacas |
* Bacas |
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* Isakh |
* Isakh |
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* Jacob |
* Jacob |
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* Jonathans |
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* Jonathan |
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* Joseph |
* Joseph |
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* Laurens |
* Laurens |
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Line 112: | Line 117: | ||
{{div col end}} |
{{div col end}} |
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The original slave families of Depok are of [[Balinese people|Balinese]], Ambonese, Buginese, [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] and [[Indos in pre-colonial history|Portuguese Indo]], i.e., Mestizo and [[Mardijker people|Mardijker]] descent. Isakh, Jacob, Jonathans, Joseph, and Samuel were family names baptized by Chastelein after the slave families converted to Protestant Christianity. The other families retained their original names and might have been (Roman Catholic) Christian already before joining Chastelein's Protestant church. Descendants of the original Depok families with the exception of the Sadokh family, still live |
The original slave families of Depok are of [[Balinese people|Balinese]], [[Ambonese]], [[Buginese people|Buginese]], [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] and [[Indos in pre-colonial history|Portuguese Indo]], i.e., Mestizo and [[Mardijker people|Mardijker]] descent. Isakh, Jacob, Jonathans, Joseph, and Samuel were family names baptized by Chastelein after the slave families converted to [[Protestant Christianity]]. The other families retained their original names and might have been (Roman Catholic) Christian already before joining Chastelein's Protestant church. Descendants of the original Depok families with the exception of the Sadokh family, still live in Indonesia, the [[Netherlands]], [[Norway]], [[Canada]] and the [[United States]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.depok.nl/depok/hoofdstuk/geschiedenis/|title=Depok|website=www.depok.nl|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724151712/http://www.depok.nl/depok/hoofdstuk/geschiedenis/|archive-date=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref name="Jakarta Globe article"/> |
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In 1871, the colonial government gave Depok a special status allowing the area to form its own government and president. The ruling no longer stood after 1952, where the Depok presidency ceded its control of Depok to the Indonesian government except for a few areas. |
In 1871, the colonial government gave Depok a special status allowing the area to form its own government and president. The ruling no longer stood after 1952, where the Depok presidency ceded its control of Depok to the Indonesian government except for a few areas. |
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During the [[Bersiap]] (Indonesian civil war and war for independence from The Netherlands) period of 1945 much of Depok was destroyed and many of its inhabitants killed by 'Pemuda'.<ref>Meijer, Hans. ‘In Indie geworteld, de Geschiedenis van Indische Nederlanders, de twintigste eeuw.’ (Publisher Bert Bakker, Amsterdam, 2004) P.245 ISBN |
During the [[Bersiap]] (Indonesian civil war and war for independence from The Netherlands) period of 1945 much of Depok was destroyed and many of its inhabitants killed by 'Pemuda'.<ref>Meijer, Hans. ‘In Indie geworteld, de Geschiedenis van Indische Nederlanders, de twintigste eeuw.’ (Publisher Bert Bakker, Amsterdam, 2004) P.245 {{ISBN|90-351-2617-3}}</ref> Many of the original Depok families fled for their lives from Indonesia during the Indonesian revolution and now live in the Netherlands as part of the [[Indo people|Indo]] community there.<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.depok.nl/ Dutch Depok community Website. Retrieved 20 May 2010.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420111244/http://www.depok.nl/ |date=20 April 2008 }}</ref> |
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In March 1982, Depok was reclassified as an administrative city within [[Bogor Regency]] and, in 1999, as a city headed by a mayor. Then on 20 April 1999, the city of Depok was unified with some neighbouring districts of Bogor Regency to form an autonomous city of Depok (independent of the Regency) with an area of |
In March 1982, Depok was reclassified as an administrative city within [[Bogor Regency]] and, in 1999, as a city headed by a mayor. Then on 20 April 1999, the city of Depok was unified with some neighbouring districts of Bogor Regency to form an autonomous city of Depok (independent of the Regency) with an area of 199.91 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.depok.go.id|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061011225024/http://www.depok.go.id/|url-status=dead|title=depok.go.id|archivedate=October 11, 2006}}</ref> This date is commemorated as the date of the establishment of the city. |
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== Administration == |
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[[File:Indonesia Depok City location map.svg|thumb|Administration of Depok City]] |
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Depok is headed by a mayor, with a legislative assembly. Both the mayor and the members of the legislative assembly are elected by direct vote. |
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=== Mayors === |
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* Mochammad Rukasah Suradimadja (1982–1984) |
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Depok is divided into eleven [[Districts of Indonesia|districts]] (''kecamatan''), tabulated below with their 2010 Census population. |
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* Mochammad Ibid Tamdjid (1984–1988) |
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* Abdul Wachyan (1988–1991) |
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* Mochammad Masduki (1991–1992) |
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* Sofyan Safari Hamim (1992–1996) |
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* [[Badrul Kamal]] (1997–2005) |
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* [[Nur Mahmudi Ismail]] (2006–2016) |
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* [[Mohammad Idris]] (2016–present) |
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=== Administrative districts === |
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The city of Depok is divided into eleven [[districts of Indonesia|districts]] (''kecamatan''), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census<ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011"/> and the 2020 census,<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021"/> together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2024">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kota Depok Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3276)</ref> The table also includes the number of [[administrative village]]s (all classed as urban ''kelurahan'') in each district and its postal codes. |
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{| class="sortable wikitable" |
{| class="sortable wikitable" |
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! Kode <br>Wilayah|| Name of<br>District<br>(''kecamatan'') || Area <br> in<br>km<sup>2</sup> || Pop'n<br>census<br>2010|| Pop'n<br>census<br>2020|| Pop'n<br>estimate<br>mid 2023|| No.<br>of<br>kelurahan ||Post<br>codes |
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! Name || Population<br>Census 2010<ref>Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Sawangan]] ||align="right"|123,571 |
| 32.76.03 || [[Sawangan]] ||align="right"|26.07||align="right"|123,571||align="right"|178,900||align="right"|197,170||align="center"|7||16511 - 16519 |
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|- |
|- |
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| Bojongsari ||align="right"|99,735 |
| 32.76.11 || Bojongsari ||align="right"|19.41||align="right"|99,735||align="right"|135,700||align="right"|146,810||align="center"|7||16516 - 16518 |
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|- |
|- |
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| |
| 32.76.01 || Pancoran Mas || align="right" |18.05||align="right"|210,514||align="right"|245,000||align="right"|253,360||align="center"|6||16431 - 16436 |
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|- |
|- |
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| Cipayung ||align="right"|127,917 |
| 32.76.07 || Cipayung ||align="right"|11.375||align="right"|127,917||align="right"|171,600||align="right"|184,930||align="center"|5||16436 - 16439 |
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|- |
|- |
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| 32.76.05 || [[Sukmajaya]] ||align="right"|17.37||align="right"|232,308||align="right"|252,500||align="right"|256,060||align="center"|6||16411 - 16418 |
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| [[Sukma Jaya]] ||align="right"|232,308 |
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|- |
|- |
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| Cilodong ||align="right"|125,014 |
| 32.76.08 || Cilodong ||align="right"|15.38||align="right"|125,014||align="right"|168,200||align="right"|181,410||align="center"|5||16413 - 16415 |
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|- |
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| 32.76.02 || [[Cimanggis]] ||align="right"|21.78||align="right"|241,979||align="right"|252,000||align="right"|252,370||align="center"|6||16451 - 16454 |
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|- |
|- |
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| 32.76.10 || Tapos ||align="right"|33.43||align="right"|216,215||align="right"|263,400||align="right"|276,010||align="center"|7||16451 - 16459 |
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| [[Cimanggis]] ||align="right"|241,979 |
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|- |
|- |
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| 32.76.06 || [[Beji]] ||align="right"|14.63||align="right"|165,903||align="right"|171,700||align="right"|171,660||align="center"|6||16421 - 16426 |
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| Tapos ||align="right"|216,215 |
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|- |
|- |
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| 32.76.04 || Limo || align="right" |11.89||align="right"|87,953||align="right"|115,700||align="right"|124,020||align="center"|4||16512 - 16515 |
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| [[Beji]] ||align="right"|165,903 |
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|- |
|- |
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| 32.76.09 || [[Cinere]] ||align="right"|10.53||align="right"|107,461||align="right"|101,700||align="right"|101,600||align="center"|4||16512 - 16514 |
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| [[Limo, Depok|Limo]] ||align="right"|87,953 |
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|- |
|- |
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| || '''''Total city''''' ||align="right"|''199.91''||align="right"|''1,738,570''||align="right"|''2,056,400''||align="right"|''2,145,400''||align="center"|''63''|| |
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| Cinere ||align="right"|107,461 |
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|} |
|} |
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== |
==Demographics== |
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===Languages=== |
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[[File:Peta wilayah penggunaan bahasa Sunda di Kota Depok.jpg|thumb|250px|Map of the distribution of [[Sundanese language]] in Depok. |
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{{legend|#0080ff|Sundanese in Depok as a majority}} |
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{{legend|#88c4ff|Sundanese in Depok as a minority}}]] |
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In Depok there are areas where the majority of the people speak Sundanese, namely Leuwinanggung and Cimpaeun urban villages (''kelurahan'') in Tapos District and there are also several other districts whose people speak [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]], as in [[Cimanggis, Depok|Cimanggis]] and Cilodong.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radardepok.com/2018/03/bahasa-sunda-di-kota-depok-belum-prioritas-tapi-tetap-menggeliat/|title=Bahasa Sunda di Kota Depok, Belum Prioritas Tapi Tetap Menggeliat|website=www.radardepok.com|date=26 March 2018|access-date=1 January 2023|language=id|archive-date=1 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101132404/https://www.radardepok.com/2018/03/bahasa-sunda-di-kota-depok-belum-prioritas-tapi-tetap-menggeliat/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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==Facilities== |
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* Moch. Rukasah Suradimadja (1982–1984) |
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=== Shopping and dining === |
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* I. Tamdjid (1984–1988) |
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Depok has a growing eclectic collection of malls and traditional markets. Older malls or other notable shopping centers include D'mall Depok, Ciplaz Depok, and SixtyOne Building, and ITC Depok. Depok has many local restaurants and has wide presence of international chains . |
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* Abdul Wachyan (1988–1991) |
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* Moch Masduki (1991–1992) |
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* Sofyan Safari Hamim (1992–1996) |
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* [[Badrul Kamal]] (1997–2005) |
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*[[Nur Mahmudi Ismail]] (2005–2010) |
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*[[Nur Mahmudi Ismail]] (2010–2015) |
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* Idris Abdul Somad (2015-now) |
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Modern-day landmarks that were once known as Depok's primary shopping centers include Ramanda (now an autoshop plus education centre), [[Hero Supermarket]] (now Index Home Furnishings) etc. |
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== Commerce == |
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Depok has a growing eclectic collection of malls and traditional markets. Older malls or other notable shopping centers include Mall Depok, Depok Plaza, and SixtyOne Building, and Depok ITC. |
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There are many shopping centers in Depok, such as: |
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Depok has many local restaurants and is home to international chains such as McDonalds, A&W, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and Starbucks. |
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* ITC Depok (anchor tenant: [[Transmart]]) |
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* Depok Town Square — commonly referred to as DeTos (anchor tenant: [[Matahari (department store)|Matahari]] and [[Hypermart]]) |
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* Margo City<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.margocity.com|title=Margocity|last=Margocity|website=www.margocity.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070108011853/http://www.margocity.com/|archive-date=2007-01-08}}</ref> (anchor tenants: Centro, [[Farmers Market]], [[Electronic City]]) |
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*Pesona Square (anchor tenants: Centro, Hypermart, Ace Hardware)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribunnews.com/lifestyle/2018/10/01/menara-depok-asri-hadirkan-pesona-square-mall-dengan-konsep-baru-di-depok|title=Menara Depok Asri Hadirkan Pesona Square, Mall Dengan Konsep Baru di Depok|newspaper=Tribun News|access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref> |
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*D'mall Depok (anchor tenant: [[Electronic Solution]]) |
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*Depok Town Center |
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*City Plaza Depok |
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*Cinere Mall |
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*Cinere Bellevue Mall |
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*Cimanggis Square |
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*[[Trans Studio Cibubur|Trans Studio Mall Cibubur]] (anchor tenants: Metro and Transmart) |
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*The Park Sawangan shopping mall |
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Traditional markets include Pasar Depok Baru, Pasar Depok Lama (short: Pasar Lama), Pasar Kemiri (originally expanded to facilitate the move of Pasar Lama traders), Pasar PAL, Pasar Agung, Pasar Musi, Pasar Cisalak, and Pasar Majapahit. |
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Modern-day landmarks that were once known as Depok's primary shopping centers include Ramanda (now an autoshop plus education centre), [[Hero Supermarket]] (now Index Home Furnishings), Agung Shop (now defunct and burned during the riot), and Target (now defunct).{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}} |
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===Parks=== |
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There are several new shopping centers in Depok: ITC Depok (anchor tenant: Carrefour), Depok Town Square — commonly referred to as DeTos (anchor tenant: Matahari), and the latest mall which is Margo City<ref>http://www.margocity.com Margo City</ref> (anchor tenants: Centro, Giant, Electronic City), all on Margonda Raya street. |
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Alun Alun Depok or Depok Square is equipped with various sports facilities such as a basketball court, futsal, skateboard, wall climbing, BMX arena, children's playground, fish pond, fountain, and others.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1294404/depok-square-the-citys-new-attraction|title=Depok Square, The City's New Attraction|newspaper=Tempo|access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref> Godongijo Conservation and Education Park is located in Depok. The park provides children and teachers alike the ability to get up close and personal with nature. There are also other children's amusement parks in the city such as Depok Fantasi Waterpark, Taman Pemuda Pratama, and Pondok Zidane. |
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==Education== |
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Traditional markets include Pasar Depok Baru, Pasar Depok Lama (short: Pasar Lama), Pasar Kemiri (originally expanded to facilitate the move of Pasar Lama traders), Pasar PAL, Pasar Agung, Pasar Musi, Pasar Majapahit. |
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[[Image:No 18 Rektorat Universitas Indonesia.jpg|thumb|[[University of Indonesia]] building|220x220px]] |
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The following universities are located in Depok: |
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* [[University of Indonesia]] |
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* [[Gunadarma University]] |
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* [[Jakarta State Polytechnic]] |
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* [[International Islamic University of Indonesia]] |
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Depok has several private language schools, namely EF English First, Kinderfield Highfield Depok, International Language Programs (ILP), Lembaga Indonesia Amerika (LIA), The British Institute (TBI), Lembaga Pendidikan Indonesia - Amerika (LPIA), and several other smaller establishments. These are all along Margonda Raya and Cinere Raya, among main roads that pass through Depok. In Depok City itself, for Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) there are around{{weasel inline|date=January 2023}} 72 schools.<ref>{{cite news |title=72 Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Kota depok |newspaper=Info Depok Website |url=https://www.infodepok.my.id/2023/01/madrasah-tsanawiyah-mts-se-kota-depok.html |access-date=8 January 2023}}</ref><ref name="mtsnkotadepok.sch.id">{{Cite web|url=http://mtsnkotadepok.sch.id/|title=MTs Negeri Kota Depok}}</ref><ref name="MTs Yapima">{{cite news |title=MTs Yapima |newspaper=Mts Yapima Website |url=https://yapima.sch.id |access-date=8 January 2023}}</ref> |
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==Sports== |
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Depok has several major bookstores including a Gramedia and Toko Gunung Agung and a large collection of small roadside bookstores. |
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[[File:Mahakam Stadium.jpg|thumb|[[Mahakam Stadium]], homebase of [[Depok United F.C.|Depok United FC]]]] |
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Depok is the home town of the [[Persikad Depok]] and [[Depok United F.C.|Depok United FC]] football team who currently plays in the [[Liga 2 (Indonesia)|Liga 2]]. |
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===Toll Road Access=== |
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== Transportation == |
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===Toll road access=== |
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{|class="wikitable" |
{|class="wikitable" |
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! KM !! Toll |
! KM !! Toll road !! Destination |
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|- |
|- |
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|13|| |
|13|||[[Jagorawi Toll Road]]||[[Cibubur]], [[Cikeas]], [[Cileungsi]], [[Jonggol]] |
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|- |
|- |
||
| |
|28||[[Jakarta Outer Ring Road]]||[[Pasar Minggu]], Lenteng Agung |
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|- |
|- |
||
| |
|16||[[Cinere-Jagorawi Toll Road]]||[[Cisalak]], Juanda, Margonda |
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|- |
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|13|| [[Depok–Antasari Toll Road]] ||Sawangan, Parung, Ciputat, Serpong, Billabong, Bogor |
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|} |
|} |
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===Public transportation=== |
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== Education == |
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[[File:Stasiun_Depok_2020.jpg|thumb|[[Depok Station]]]] |
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The following universities are in Depok: |
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* [[University of Indonesia|Universitas Indonesia]] |
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* [[Universitas Gunadarma]] |
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* [[Politeknik Tugu]] |
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* [[Politeknik Negeri Jakarta]] |
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* [[Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika]] |
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Depok has several private language schools, namely EF English First, International Language Programs (ILP), Lembaga Indonesia Amerika (LIA) and The British Institute (TBI),Lembaga Pendidikan Amerika Indonesia (LPIA) and several other smaller establishments. These are all along Margonda Raya and Cinere Raya, the main road through Depok. |
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[[Angkot]] is the major means of public transportation in Depok. [[Go-Jek]] and [[Grab (company)|Grab]] and [[taxicab]]s are easily available. Depok is connected to other areas of greater Jakarta by [[KRL Commuterline]], [[TransJakarta]] & [[Jabodebek LRT]]. [[Depok railway station|Depok Lama]], [[Depok Baru railway station|Depok Baru Station]], [[Universitas Indonesia railway station|Universitas Indonesia Station]], [[Pondok Cina railway station|Pondok Cina Station]] and [[Citayam railway station|Citayam Station]] of [[KRL Commuterline]] commuter train service located within Depok. Commuter train and Light metro is widely used to travel to [[Jakarta]] city center and other parts of [[Jabodetabek|Greater Jakarta]], but is very crowded during peak hours. |
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== Transportation == |
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Public car transportation (''angkot'') is the major means of transportation in Depok. The other means of transport is train that connects Depok to [[Jakarta]] to the north and [[Bogor]] to the south. [http://transjakarta.co.id/ Tranjakarta] operate from Depok to Cawang UKI since 27 June 2016 [http://transjakarta.co.id/peta-rute/peta-transjabodetabek/peta-depok/ transjabodetabek for Depok] |
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===Air=== |
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Depok is served by [[Soekarno-Hatta International Airport]] and [[Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport]]. Meanwhile [[Pondok Cabe Airport]] is located at [[South Tangerang]] in borders with Depok, but doesn't have regular scheduled air service. |
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==Twin towns – sister cities== |
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In Depok there are two major train stations. The Depok or Depok Lama (Old Depok) Station, which is older and has many more tracks, is located to the south. The Depok Baru (New Depok) Station is closer to Jakarta. There are smaller train stations: [[University of Indonesia]] and Pondok Cina. The train is the fastest and most-used way to travel to central Jakarta and is usually extremely crowded during peak times. Depok is also served by the [[Pondok Cabe Airport]]. |
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{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia}} |
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Depok is [[Sister city|twinned]] with: |
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*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Ōsaki, Kagoshima|Ōsaki]], Japan<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2017/08/21/depok-the-front-line-in-indonesias-fight-against-waste.html|title=Depok: The front line in Indonesia's fight against waste|publisher=The Jakarta Post|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004085915/http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2017/08/21/depok-the-front-line-in-indonesias-fight-against-waste.html|archive-date=2017-10-04}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Portal|Indonesia}} |
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* [[List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia]] |
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*[[2020 Depok mayoral election]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{Commons category}} |
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*{{id}}[http://www.depok.go.id/ Official site] |
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*{{Wikivoyage inline}} |
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*[http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/lifeandtimes/who-are-the-real-belanda-depok/393038 Jakarta Globe] News article by Tasa Nugraza Barley dd. August 26, 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2010 |
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*{{official website|http://www.depok.go.id/}} {{in lang|id}} |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100829075813/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/lifeandtimes/who-are-the-real-belanda-depok/393038 Jakarta Globe] |
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{{West Java}} |
{{West Java}} |
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{{Most populous cities in Indonesia}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Depok| ]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in West Java]] |
[[Category:Populated places in West Java]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1871 establishments in the Dutch Empire]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:States and territories established in 1871]] |
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[[Category:States and territories established in 1999]] |
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[[Category:Krukut basin]] |
Revision as of 12:35, 23 April 2024
Depok | |
---|---|
City of Depok Kota Depok | |
Other transcription(s) | |
• Sundanese | ᮓᮨᮕᮧᮊ᮪ |
• Pegon | ديڤوك |
![]() Skyline of Depok | |
Nickname(s): Kota Belimbing (Starfruit City) | |
Motto(s): Paricara Darma (Servant of the righteousness) | |
![]() Location within West Java | |
Coordinates: 6°23′38″S 106°49′21″E / 6.3940°S 106.8225°E | |
Country | ![]() |
Province | ![]() |
Government | |
• Mayor | Mohammad Idris (PKS) |
• Vice Mayor | Imam Budi Hartono |
Area | |
• Total | 199.91 km2 (77.19 sq mi) |
Elevation | 93 m (305 ft) |
Highest elevation | 140 m (459 ft) |
Lowest elevation | 50 m (164 ft) |
Population (mid 2023 estimate) | |
• Total | 2,145,400 |
• Rank | 8th |
• Density | 11,000/km2 (28,000/sq mi) |
[1] | |
Time zone | UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time) |
Postcodes | 164xx, 165xx |
Area code | (+62) 21/251 |
Vehicle registration | B |
HDI (2022) | ![]() |
Website | depok.go.id |
Depok (Pegon:ديڤوك) is a landlocked city in West Java province. It is located directly south of Jakarta within the Jakarta Metropolitan Area in Indonesia. It has an area of 199.91 km2. It had a population of 1,738,600 at the 2010 census[2] and 2,056,400 at the 2020 census;[3] the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,145,400 (comprising 1,080,541 males and 1,064,859 females), resulting in a density of 10,731.8 people per km2.[4] Depok was created as a separate city on 20 April 1999, having previously been part of Bogor Regency. It constitutes the second most populous suburban city in Indonesia (after Bekasi), and the tenth most populous suburban city globally.
History
There are two possible origins of the name 'Depok'. The first is that it the region was already known as Depok when the land was bought by Cornelis Chastelein, a senior official in the Dutch East India Company in 1696 and that on 18 May 1696, a former VOC officer Cornelis Chastelein bought land with an area of 12.44 km2, 6.2% the area of today's Depok. Besides cultivating the area with industrial plants with the help of the locals, Chastelein was active as a missionary, preaching Christianity to the indigenous Indonesians. To this end, he established a local congregation named De Eerste Protestante Organisatie van Christenen (DEPOC). In the 1950s, the claim that this acronym led to the modern name for Depok emerged among the community of people from Depok living in the Netherlands.[5] An alternative explanation for the name is that it comes from the Indonesian word padepokan, meaning 'shrine', as the location had been used as a religious retreat before Chastelein's purchase of the land.[6]
Before his death on 28 June 1714, Chastelein had written a will that freed the slave families of Depok and gave them pieces of his land, converting slaves into landlords. In 1714, the 12 slave families became landlords (forever as given to them with entitlement deeds of the owner Chastelien in his will) and freed men, women, and children. The freed slaves are also referred to as the Mardijker's – the word Merdeka meaning freedom in Bahasa Indonesia. June 28 is designated as Depokse Daag (Depok Day) by the original Depok family, and on 28 June 2014, commemorating 300 years, they formally opened a 3-meter height monument on its own land, but it was prohibited by the Government as it referred to Dutch colonialization.[7]
The 12 original Depok family names are:[8]
- Bacas
- Isakh
- Jacob
- Jonathans
- Joseph
- Laurens
- Leander
- Loen
- Sadokh
- Samuel
- Soedira
- Tholense
The original slave families of Depok are of Balinese, Ambonese, Buginese, Sundanese and Portuguese Indo, i.e., Mestizo and Mardijker descent. Isakh, Jacob, Jonathans, Joseph, and Samuel were family names baptized by Chastelein after the slave families converted to Protestant Christianity. The other families retained their original names and might have been (Roman Catholic) Christian already before joining Chastelein's Protestant church. Descendants of the original Depok families with the exception of the Sadokh family, still live in Indonesia, the Netherlands, Norway, Canada and the United States.[9][8]
In 1871, the colonial government gave Depok a special status allowing the area to form its own government and president. The ruling no longer stood after 1952, where the Depok presidency ceded its control of Depok to the Indonesian government except for a few areas.
During the Bersiap (Indonesian civil war and war for independence from The Netherlands) period of 1945 much of Depok was destroyed and many of its inhabitants killed by 'Pemuda'.[10] Many of the original Depok families fled for their lives from Indonesia during the Indonesian revolution and now live in the Netherlands as part of the Indo community there.[11]
In March 1982, Depok was reclassified as an administrative city within Bogor Regency and, in 1999, as a city headed by a mayor. Then on 20 April 1999, the city of Depok was unified with some neighbouring districts of Bogor Regency to form an autonomous city of Depok (independent of the Regency) with an area of 199.91 km2.[12] This date is commemorated as the date of the establishment of the city.
Administration
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Indonesia_Depok_City_location_map.svg/220px-Indonesia_Depok_City_location_map.svg.png)
Depok is headed by a mayor, with a legislative assembly. Both the mayor and the members of the legislative assembly are elected by direct vote.
Mayors
- Mochammad Rukasah Suradimadja (1982–1984)
- Mochammad Ibid Tamdjid (1984–1988)
- Abdul Wachyan (1988–1991)
- Mochammad Masduki (1991–1992)
- Sofyan Safari Hamim (1992–1996)
- Badrul Kamal (1997–2005)
- Nur Mahmudi Ismail (2006–2016)
- Mohammad Idris (2016–present)
Administrative districts
The city of Depok is divided into eleven districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census[2] and the 2020 census,[3] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.[4] The table also includes the number of administrative villages (all classed as urban kelurahan) in each district and its postal codes.
Kode Wilayah |
Name of District (kecamatan) |
Area in km2 |
Pop'n census 2010 |
Pop'n census 2020 |
Pop'n estimate mid 2023 |
No. of kelurahan |
Post codes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
32.76.03 | Sawangan | 26.07 | 123,571 | 178,900 | 197,170 | 7 | 16511 - 16519 |
32.76.11 | Bojongsari | 19.41 | 99,735 | 135,700 | 146,810 | 7 | 16516 - 16518 |
32.76.01 | Pancoran Mas | 18.05 | 210,514 | 245,000 | 253,360 | 6 | 16431 - 16436 |
32.76.07 | Cipayung | 11.375 | 127,917 | 171,600 | 184,930 | 5 | 16436 - 16439 |
32.76.05 | Sukmajaya | 17.37 | 232,308 | 252,500 | 256,060 | 6 | 16411 - 16418 |
32.76.08 | Cilodong | 15.38 | 125,014 | 168,200 | 181,410 | 5 | 16413 - 16415 |
32.76.02 | Cimanggis | 21.78 | 241,979 | 252,000 | 252,370 | 6 | 16451 - 16454 |
32.76.10 | Tapos | 33.43 | 216,215 | 263,400 | 276,010 | 7 | 16451 - 16459 |
32.76.06 | Beji | 14.63 | 165,903 | 171,700 | 171,660 | 6 | 16421 - 16426 |
32.76.04 | Limo | 11.89 | 87,953 | 115,700 | 124,020 | 4 | 16512 - 16515 |
32.76.09 | Cinere | 10.53 | 107,461 | 101,700 | 101,600 | 4 | 16512 - 16514 |
Total city | 199.91 | 1,738,570 | 2,056,400 | 2,145,400 | 63 |
Demographics
Languages
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Peta_wilayah_penggunaan_bahasa_Sunda_di_Kota_Depok.jpg/250px-Peta_wilayah_penggunaan_bahasa_Sunda_di_Kota_Depok.jpg)
In Depok there are areas where the majority of the people speak Sundanese, namely Leuwinanggung and Cimpaeun urban villages (kelurahan) in Tapos District and there are also several other districts whose people speak Sundanese, as in Cimanggis and Cilodong.[13]
Facilities
Shopping and dining
Depok has a growing eclectic collection of malls and traditional markets. Older malls or other notable shopping centers include D'mall Depok, Ciplaz Depok, and SixtyOne Building, and ITC Depok. Depok has many local restaurants and has wide presence of international chains .
Modern-day landmarks that were once known as Depok's primary shopping centers include Ramanda (now an autoshop plus education centre), Hero Supermarket (now Index Home Furnishings) etc.
There are many shopping centers in Depok, such as:
- ITC Depok (anchor tenant: Transmart)
- Depok Town Square — commonly referred to as DeTos (anchor tenant: Matahari and Hypermart)
- Margo City[14] (anchor tenants: Centro, Farmers Market, Electronic City)
- Pesona Square (anchor tenants: Centro, Hypermart, Ace Hardware)[15]
- D'mall Depok (anchor tenant: Electronic Solution)
- Depok Town Center
- City Plaza Depok
- Cinere Mall
- Cinere Bellevue Mall
- Cimanggis Square
- Trans Studio Mall Cibubur (anchor tenants: Metro and Transmart)
- The Park Sawangan shopping mall
Traditional markets include Pasar Depok Baru, Pasar Depok Lama (short: Pasar Lama), Pasar Kemiri (originally expanded to facilitate the move of Pasar Lama traders), Pasar PAL, Pasar Agung, Pasar Musi, Pasar Cisalak, and Pasar Majapahit.
Parks
Alun Alun Depok or Depok Square is equipped with various sports facilities such as a basketball court, futsal, skateboard, wall climbing, BMX arena, children's playground, fish pond, fountain, and others.[16] Godongijo Conservation and Education Park is located in Depok. The park provides children and teachers alike the ability to get up close and personal with nature. There are also other children's amusement parks in the city such as Depok Fantasi Waterpark, Taman Pemuda Pratama, and Pondok Zidane.
Education
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/No_18_Rektorat_Universitas_Indonesia.jpg/220px-No_18_Rektorat_Universitas_Indonesia.jpg)
The following universities are located in Depok:
- University of Indonesia
- Gunadarma University
- Jakarta State Polytechnic
- International Islamic University of Indonesia
Depok has several private language schools, namely EF English First, Kinderfield Highfield Depok, International Language Programs (ILP), Lembaga Indonesia Amerika (LIA), The British Institute (TBI), Lembaga Pendidikan Indonesia - Amerika (LPIA), and several other smaller establishments. These are all along Margonda Raya and Cinere Raya, among main roads that pass through Depok. In Depok City itself, for Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) there are around[weasel words] 72 schools.[17][18][19]
Sports
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Mahakam_Stadium.jpg/220px-Mahakam_Stadium.jpg)
Depok is the home town of the Persikad Depok and Depok United FC football team who currently plays in the Liga 2.
Transportation
Toll road access
KM | Toll road | Destination |
---|---|---|
13 | Jagorawi Toll Road | Cibubur, Cikeas, Cileungsi, Jonggol |
28 | Jakarta Outer Ring Road | Pasar Minggu, Lenteng Agung |
16 | Cinere-Jagorawi Toll Road | Cisalak, Juanda, Margonda |
13 | Depok–Antasari Toll Road | Sawangan, Parung, Ciputat, Serpong, Billabong, Bogor |
Public transportation
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Stasiun_Depok_2020.jpg/220px-Stasiun_Depok_2020.jpg)
Angkot is the major means of public transportation in Depok. Go-Jek and Grab and taxicabs are easily available. Depok is connected to other areas of greater Jakarta by KRL Commuterline, TransJakarta & Jabodebek LRT. Depok Lama, Depok Baru Station, Universitas Indonesia Station, Pondok Cina Station and Citayam Station of KRL Commuterline commuter train service located within Depok. Commuter train and Light metro is widely used to travel to Jakarta city center and other parts of Greater Jakarta, but is very crowded during peak hours.
Air
Depok is served by Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport. Meanwhile Pondok Cabe Airport is located at South Tangerang in borders with Depok, but doesn't have regular scheduled air service.
Twin towns – sister cities
Depok is twinned with:
See also
References
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023, Kota Depok Dalam Angka 2023 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3276)
- ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kota Depok Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3276)
- ^ Barley, Tasa Nugraza. "The Forgotten Bule Depok – Good News from Indonesia". Archived from the original on 2016-05-02. Retrieved 2016-10-18.
- ^ Wahyu Adityo Prodjo (27 April 2021). "Berbagai Cerita Asal-usul Nama Depok, dari Padepokan hingga Akronim Komunitas Belanda-Depok" [Stories about the Origin of the Nema Depok, from Shrine to an Acronym from the Dutch-Depok Community] (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 June 2023.
- ^ Hidayat, Rachmat (September 6, 2014). "Tugu Chastelein Dilarang Berdiri di Depok". Archived from the original on September 8, 2014.
- ^ a b "Jakarta Globe article". Archived from the original on August 29, 2010.
- ^ "Depok". www.depok.nl. Archived from the original on 2011-07-24.
- ^ Meijer, Hans. ‘In Indie geworteld, de Geschiedenis van Indische Nederlanders, de twintigste eeuw.’ (Publisher Bert Bakker, Amsterdam, 2004) P.245 ISBN 90-351-2617-3
- ^ (in Dutch) Dutch Depok community Website. Retrieved 20 May 2010. Archived 20 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "depok.go.id". Archived from the original on October 11, 2006.
- ^ "Bahasa Sunda di Kota Depok, Belum Prioritas Tapi Tetap Menggeliat". www.radardepok.com (in Indonesian). 26 March 2018. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
- ^ Margocity. "Margocity". www.margocity.com. Archived from the original on 2007-01-08.
- ^ "Menara Depok Asri Hadirkan Pesona Square, Mall Dengan Konsep Baru di Depok". Tribun News. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
- ^ "Depok Square, The City's New Attraction". Tempo. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ^ "72 Madrasah Tsanawiyah di Kota depok". Info Depok Website. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "MTs Negeri Kota Depok".
- ^ "MTs Yapima". Mts Yapima Website. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Depok: The front line in Indonesia's fight against waste". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 2017-10-04.
External links
Depok travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official website (in Indonesian)
- Jakarta Globe