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{{Short description|Professional and social organisation for medical doctors}} |
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{{Infobox institute|name=The Toronto Academy of Medicine|established=1907|city=Toronto|province=Ontario|country=Canada |
{{Infobox institute|name=The Toronto Academy of Medicine|established=1907|city=Toronto|province=Ontario|country=Canada|address=13 Queen's Park}} |
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The Academy of Medicine of Toronto was a professional and social organisation for medical doctors founded in the 19th century. It was formed in March 1907 by the amalgamation of four Toronto medical societies.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Linell|first=Eric A.|date=1957|title=Fifty years of the Toronto Academy of Medicine| |
The '''Academy of Medicine of Toronto''' was a professional and social organisation for medical doctors founded in the 19th century. It was formed in March 1907 by the amalgamation of four Toronto medical societies.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Linell |first=Eric A. |date=1957 |title=Fifty years of the Toronto Academy of Medicine |journal=[[Canadian Medical Association Journal]] |hdl=1807/17624 |language=en}}</ref> The academy published its own journal, Bulletin of the Academy of Medicine, as well as speeches, articles, essays and other work by Academy members writing on medical and non-medical subjects. The academy's renowned library facility closed in 1991. |
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== Organisation == |
== Organisation == |
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The Academy of Medicine of Toronto served as a regional library service for academics and physicians in Ontario. It was maintained by its members, at no cost to the public or government. In 1972, the |
The Academy of Medicine of Toronto served as a regional library service and continuing education resource for academics and physicians in Ontario, the second most extensive in Canada after McGill's.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gilder|first=S.S.B.|date=14 May 1955|title=Toronto, the Meeting-Place|pmc=2062095|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=4923|pages=1207–1209|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4923.1207}}</ref> It was maintained by its members, at no cost to the public or government.<ref name=":2" /> It regularly published the Bulletin of the Academy of Medicine, Toronto. In 1972, the academy housed some 60,000 monographs and 600 journals which it made available to any of its members, either locally or remotely, through an extensive inter-library loan network.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|title=Medical Libraries|last=Pengelly|first=G. A.|date=8 Feb 1972|work=The Globe and Mail|id = {{ProQuest|1240311226}}}}</ref> The academy also accommodated educational visits from many school groups around the year.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |title=Academy of Medicine |last=James |first=Lois M. |date=24 Dec 1981 |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |id={{ProQuest|386715617}}}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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During the second half of the 19th century, Toronto had been home to "three independent and very antagonistic medical schools".<ref name=":0" /> In 1904, a stable medical faculty was established and the [[University of Toronto]] opened the Medical Building.<ref name=":0" /> |
During the second half of the 19th century, Toronto had been home to "three independent and very antagonistic medical schools".<ref name=":0" /> In 1904, a stable medical faculty was established and the [[University of Toronto]] opened the Medical Building, and this allowed for the reorganization of the hospital medical staffs.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Crawford|first=David S.|title=The Ontario Medical Library Association 1887-1907|journal=Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association |volume=28|issue=2|pages=49–53|doi=10.5596/c07-012|year=2007|doi-access=free}}</ref> At this point in time, Toronto had three medical societies: the Toronto Medical Society, founded in 1878; the Toronto Pathological Society, founded in 1889; and the Toronto Clinical Society, founded in 1892.<ref name=":3" /> In 1907, these three medical societies merged with the Ontario Medical Library Association to form the Academy of Medicine. It was the same year that London saw the unification of several medical societies under the [[Royal Society of Medicine]]. |
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The institution was first housed at 9 Queen's Park, home of the Ontario Medical Library.<ref name=": |
The institution was first housed at 9 Queen's Park, home of the Ontario Medical Library Association. The Ontario Medical Library Association voted to dissolve on 4 June 1907, and now became the nucleus of the new academy.<ref name=":3" /> It contributed 117 members out of the 186 charter fellows at the founding of the academy and extended the legacy of its provincial service by providing that medical practitioners throughout Ontario had access to the academy's its facilities.<ref name=":0" /> The academy expanded in the subsequent decades through a series of moves and building acquisitions that allowed for further development of its educational activities.<ref name=":0" /> |
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The Academy of Medicine of Toronto thrived for many decades. However, survival became increasingly difficult for medical clubs and libraries not affiliated with larger institutions (such as universities). |
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In 1977, the [[Ontario Labour Relations Board]] ordered the Academy of Medicine to compensate a union and its former striking employees for its union-busting activities, closing its telephone answering service for doctors rather than deal with the [[Communication Workers of Canada]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://search-proquest-com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/docview/1241503978/fulltextPDF/56FEE5D9A0164244PQ/1?accountid=14771|title=Labor board orders the Academy of Medicine to compensate its workers for union-busting|last=List|first=Wilfred|date=30 Dec 1977|work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=}}</ref> |
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In |
In 1977, the [[Ontario Labour Relations Board]] ordered the Academy of Medicine to compensate a union and its former striking employees for its union-busting activities, closing its telephone answering service for doctors rather than deal with the [[Communication Workers of Canada]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Labor board orders the Academy of Medicine to compensate its workers for union-busting|last=List|first=Wilfred|date=30 Dec 1977|work=The Globe and Mail|id = {{ProQuest|1241503978}}}}</ref> |
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In the 1980s, the Academy of Medicine ran into debt troubles. In 1981, [[The Globe and Mail]] reported that the academy may have to sell its collection of rare books.<ref name=":1" /> In 1984, it was further reported that the academy was obliged to sell Osler Hall, which housed its auditorium.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Debts force Academy of Medicine to sell hall|last=Hollobon|first=Joan|author-link=Joan Hollobon|date=22 Sep 1984|work=The Globe and Mail|id = {{ProQuest|1435663950}}}}</ref> |
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Upon closure of the facility in 1991, collections from the Academy of Medicine were acquired by the [[Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library]] at the [[University of Toronto]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Academy of Medicine Collection {{!}} Page 4 {{!}} The Discovery and Early Development of Insulin |url=https://insulin.library.utoronto.ca/islandora/object/insulin%3Aacademy?page=3 |website=University of Toronto Libraries |publisher=University of Toronto Libraries |accessdate=7 March 2019}}</ref> |
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The academy published its Bulletin between 1927 (v.1) and 1990 (v.58). It took a hiatus between the years 1980–1989. |
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After closure of the library facility in 1991, its collections were donated to the Toronto Hospital in June 1992.<ref name=":3" /> A sizeable collection from the Academy of Medicine was also acquired by the [[Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library]] at the [[University of Toronto]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://insulin.library.utoronto.ca/islandora/object/insulin%3Aacademy?page=3|title=Academy of Medicine Collection {{!}} Page 4 {{!}} The Discovery and Early Development of Insulin|website=University of Toronto Libraries|publisher=University of Toronto Libraries|access-date=7 March 2019}}</ref> On 5 July 1996, ownership of the collection passed from the academy to the hospital. The hospital retained part of the collection, donated yet other parts, and disposed of the remainders.<ref name=":3" /> As of 2007, the academy existed only virtually and offered occasional lectures.<ref name=":3" /> |
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==References== |
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{{Archival records|title=Academy of Medicine Toronto fonds|location=|inventory_number=Fonds 456|description_URL=http://gencat.eloquent-systems.com/torontodetail.html?key=568628|dates=|access_conditions=}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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[[Category:Medical associations based in Canada]] |
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[[Category:Organizations based in Toronto]] |
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[[Category:Professional associations based in Ontario]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:45, 22 July 2022
| Established | 1907 |
|---|---|
| Address | 13 Queen's Park |
| Location | Toronto , Ontario , Canada |
The Academy of Medicine of Toronto was a professional and social organisation for medical doctors founded in the 19th century. It was formed in March 1907 by the amalgamation of four Toronto medical societies.[1] The academy published its own journal, Bulletin of the Academy of Medicine, as well as speeches, articles, essays and other work by Academy members writing on medical and non-medical subjects. The academy's renowned library facility closed in 1991.
Organisation[edit]
The Academy of Medicine of Toronto served as a regional library service and continuing education resource for academics and physicians in Ontario, the second most extensive in Canada after McGill's.[2] It was maintained by its members, at no cost to the public or government.[3] It regularly published the Bulletin of the Academy of Medicine, Toronto. In 1972, the academy housed some 60,000 monographs and 600 journals which it made available to any of its members, either locally or remotely, through an extensive inter-library loan network.[3] The academy also accommodated educational visits from many school groups around the year.[4]
History[edit]
During the second half of the 19th century, Toronto had been home to "three independent and very antagonistic medical schools".[1] In 1904, a stable medical faculty was established and the University of Toronto opened the Medical Building, and this allowed for the reorganization of the hospital medical staffs.[1][5] At this point in time, Toronto had three medical societies: the Toronto Medical Society, founded in 1878; the Toronto Pathological Society, founded in 1889; and the Toronto Clinical Society, founded in 1892.[5] In 1907, these three medical societies merged with the Ontario Medical Library Association to form the Academy of Medicine. It was the same year that London saw the unification of several medical societies under the Royal Society of Medicine.
The institution was first housed at 9 Queen's Park, home of the Ontario Medical Library Association. The Ontario Medical Library Association voted to dissolve on 4 June 1907, and now became the nucleus of the new academy.[5] It contributed 117 members out of the 186 charter fellows at the founding of the academy and extended the legacy of its provincial service by providing that medical practitioners throughout Ontario had access to the academy's its facilities.[1] The academy expanded in the subsequent decades through a series of moves and building acquisitions that allowed for further development of its educational activities.[1]
The Academy of Medicine of Toronto thrived for many decades. However, survival became increasingly difficult for medical clubs and libraries not affiliated with larger institutions (such as universities).
In 1977, the Ontario Labour Relations Board ordered the Academy of Medicine to compensate a union and its former striking employees for its union-busting activities, closing its telephone answering service for doctors rather than deal with the Communication Workers of Canada.[6]
In the 1980s, the Academy of Medicine ran into debt troubles. In 1981, The Globe and Mail reported that the academy may have to sell its collection of rare books.[4] In 1984, it was further reported that the academy was obliged to sell Osler Hall, which housed its auditorium.[7]
The academy published its Bulletin between 1927 (v.1) and 1990 (v.58). It took a hiatus between the years 1980–1989.
After closure of the library facility in 1991, its collections were donated to the Toronto Hospital in June 1992.[5] A sizeable collection from the Academy of Medicine was also acquired by the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library at the University of Toronto.[8] On 5 July 1996, ownership of the collection passed from the academy to the hospital. The hospital retained part of the collection, donated yet other parts, and disposed of the remainders.[5] As of 2007, the academy existed only virtually and offered occasional lectures.[5]
References[edit]
| Archives at | ||||||
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| How to use archival material |
- ^ a b c d e Linell, Eric A. (1957). "Fifty years of the Toronto Academy of Medicine". Canadian Medical Association Journal. hdl:1807/17624.
- ^ Gilder, S.S.B. (14 May 1955). "Toronto, the Meeting-Place". British Medical Journal. 1 (4923): 1207–1209. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4923.1207. PMC 2062095.
- ^ a b Pengelly, G. A. (8 Feb 1972). "Medical Libraries". The Globe and Mail. ProQuest 1240311226.
- ^ a b James, Lois M. (24 Dec 1981). "Academy of Medicine". The Globe and Mail. ProQuest 386715617.
- ^ a b c d e f Crawford, David S. (2007). "The Ontario Medical Library Association 1887-1907". Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association. 28 (2): 49–53. doi:10.5596/c07-012.
- ^ List, Wilfred (30 Dec 1977). "Labor board orders the Academy of Medicine to compensate its workers for union-busting". The Globe and Mail. ProQuest 1241503978.
- ^ Hollobon, Joan (22 Sep 1984). "Debts force Academy of Medicine to sell hall". The Globe and Mail. ProQuest 1435663950.
- ^ "Academy of Medicine Collection | Page 4 | The Discovery and Early Development of Insulin". University of Toronto Libraries. University of Toronto Libraries. Retrieved 7 March 2019.