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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
⚫
#REDIRECT [[1985 Rapel Lake earthquake]]
{{Infobox earthquake
| title = 1985 Pichilemu earthquake
| date = {{Start date|1985|04|08|df=yes}}
| origintime = 21:56:59 [[UTC-4]]
| image =
| image alt =
| image name =
|map2 = {{Location map+ | South America
| places =
{{Location map~|South America|lat=-34.39|long=-72.01|label=Pichilemu|position=left||label_size=120|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|South America|lat=-34.12|long=-71.51|marksize=40|mark=Bullseye1.png}}
| relief = yes
| width = 250
| float = right
| caption = }}
| caption =
| magnitude = 7.5 [[Moment magnitude scale|M<sub>w</sub>]] <ref name="sig"/>
| intensity = [[Modified Mercalli intensity|MM]] VII
| depth = {{convert|37.8|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} <ref name="hist"/>
| location = {{coord|-34.12|-71.51|type:event|display=inline,title}}
| countries affected = Chile, Argentina
| tsunami = No
| casualties = 2 killed
}}
The '''1985 Pichilemu earthquake''' occurred with a [[moment magnitude scale|moment magnitude]] of 7.5 and a maximum perceived intensity of VII (''Very Strong'') on 8 April 1985 at {{Tooltip|21:56:59 local time|(01:56:59 UTC)}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://politicaspublicas.uc.cl/media/agenda/material/20100325124410_Presentacion_Luis_Valenzuela.pdf|author=Luis Valenzuela|publisher=[[Universidad Católica de Chile]]|language=Spanish|title=Planificación Urbana en Zonas de Riesgo|date=14 April 2010|accessdate=11 September 2010|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20120312021435/http://politicaspublicas.uc.cl/media/agenda/material/20100325124410_Presentacion_Luis_Valenzuela.pdf|archivedate=12 March 2012|deadurl=yes}}</ref> The shock's epicenter was located {{convert|75|km|mi}} southwest of [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]], [[Chile]],<ref name="sis">{{cite journal|title=Sismo del 8 de abril de 1985|year=1985|publisher=[[University of Chile]] Geological Service|language=Spanish|location=[[Santiago de Chile]]}}</ref> with a hypocentral depth of {{convert|37.8|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}.

==Earthquake==
[[File:1985 Lago Rapel earthquake.jpg|thumb|USGS ShakeMap of the 1985 Pichilemu mainshock]]
{{see also|Peru-Chile Trench}}

The 9 April 1985 Pichilemu earthquake occurred in the same fault area as the [[2010 Pichilemu earthquake]], and is considered by [[University of Chile]] Seismological Service a [[thrust fault]]-type [[interplate earthquake]].<ref name="estudio">{{Cite web|url= http://ssn.dgf.uchile.cl/informes/congreso/A01-14.pdf|title=Estudio comparativo de los terremotos de subducción chilenos con los terremotos de subducción del norte, centro y sur de América|publisher=[[University of Chile]] Seismological Service|accessdate=12 September 2010|language=Spanish|date= 16–19 November 2005|location=[[Concepción, Chile|Concepción]], Chile|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EkriB4YF|archivedate=27 February 2013|deadurl=no}}</ref>

The earthquake, measured in the [[Modified Mercalli intensity]], reached magnitude VI in [[Curacaví]], [[La Calera, Chile|La Calera]], [[Los Andes, Chile|Los Andes]], [[Peñaflor, Chile|Peñaflor]], [[San Antonio, Chile|San Antonio]], [[Valparaíso]], and [[Viña del Mar]]; and magnitude V–VI in [[Concón]], [[Constitución, Chile|Constitución]], [[Curicó]], [[La Ligua]], [[Melipilla]], [[Papudo]], [[Pichilemu]], [[Puchuncaví]], [[Quilpué]], and [[Villa Alemana]].<ref name="sis"/> The earthquake was felt throughout much of central Chile from [[La Serena, Chile|La Serena]] to [[Osorno, Chile|Osorno]]. It was also felt in [[Mendoza Province|Mendoza]], [[San Juan Province (Argentina)|San Juan]], [[San Luis Province (Argentina)|San Luis]], [[Córdoba Province (Argentina)|Córdoba]], [[Tucumán Province|Tucumán]], and [[Santa Fe Province (Argentina)|Santa Fe]] [[provinces of Argentina|provinces]] in Argentina.<ref name="hist"/>

Although it has been considered by the news media as an aftershock of the main Santiago earthquake,<ref name="estudio"/> according to [[Rosa Urrutia de Hazbún]] and [[Carlos Lanza Lazcano]]'s book ''Catástrofes en Chile 1541–1992'', the Pichilemu earthquake was a different and separate event.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Urrutia de Hazbún|first1=Rosa|last2=Lanza Lazcano|first2=Carlos|title=Catástrofes en Chile, 1541–1992|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=k64MAAAAYAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Editorial La Noria|location=[[Santiago de Chile]]|language=Spanish| accessdate= 13 September 2010 }}</ref>

===Damage and effects===
Two people died of heart attacks after the earthquake; one in Santiago and another in [[Chillán]].<ref name="hist"/><ref name="NY"/> The earthquake lasted approximately three minutes according to ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref name="NY">{{Cite web|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/09/world/strong-quake-jolts-chile.html|title=Strong quake jolts Chile|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EkrX0F6Y|archivedate=27 February 2013|deadurl=no|publisher=[[The New York Times]]|author=AP|date=8 April 1985|accessdate=8 September 2010}}</ref>

It created damage in addition to that already caused by [[1985 Santiago earthquake|3 March earthquake]] in the Santiago-Valparaíso area.<ref name="hist"/>

===Previous events===
{{main|1985 Santiago earthquake}}

A magnitude 8.0 earthquake was registered on 3 March 1985 offshore [[Valparaíso]], [[Valparaíso Region]].<ref name="sig"/> It reached a maximum intensity of XI on the [[Mercalli intensity scale]]. 177 people were killed, 2,575 injured, 142,489 houses were damaged and about a million people were left homeless.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.angelfire.com/nt/terremotosdeChile2/|title=Terremoto de 1985|publisher=Angelfire|language=Spanish|accessdate=12 September 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100804071652/http://www.angelfire.com/nt/terremotosdeChile2/| archivedate= 4 August 2010 | deadurl=no}}</ref> There was a long interruption on basic services, and the damage provoked by that earthquake was estimated to be more than 1,046 million US dollars.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.emol.com/especiales/terremotos/chile.htm|title=Grandes Terremotos en Chile|work=[[El Mercurio]]|accessdate=12 September 2010|location=[[Santiago de Chile]]|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20120207175813/http://www.emol.com/especiales/terremotos/chile.htm|archivedate=7 February 2012|deadurl=no}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Pichilemu}}
⚫
* [[2010 Pichilemu earthquake]]
* [[List of earthquakes in Chile]]

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="hist">{{Cite web|url= http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/events/1985_03_03.php|title=Historic Earthquakes|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|accessdate=8 September 2010|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20121104230038/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/events/1985_03_03.php|archivedate=4 November 2012|deadurl=no}}</ref>
<ref name="sig">{{Cite web|url= http://www.sismologia.cl/home/terrem.html|title=SISMOS IMPORTANTES Y/O DESTRUCTIVOS (1570 – Mayo 2005)|publisher=Sismología Universidad de Chile|language=Spanish|accessdate=8 September 2010|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061231163803/http://www.sismologia.cl/home/terrem.html|archivedate=31 December 2006|deadurl=yes}}</ref>
}}

{{Earthquakes in 1985}}
{{Earthquakes in Chile}}
{{Pichilemu}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pichilemu earthquake, 1985}}
[[Category:Megathrust earthquakes in Chile|1985]]
[[Category:1985 earthquakes]]
[[Category:1985 in Chile]]
[[Category:History of Pichilemu|Earthquake, 1985]]
[[Category:History of O'Higgins Region|1985 Pichilemu earthquake]]

Revision as of 04:12, 10 April 2014

1985 Pichilemu earthquake
1985 Rapel Lake earthquake is located in South America
Pichilemu
Pichilemu
1985 Rapel Lake earthquake
UTC time??
Magnitude7.5 Mw [1]
Depth37.8 km (23 mi) [2]
Epicenter34°07′S 71°31′W / 34.12°S 71.51°W / -34.12; -71.51
Areas affectedChile, Argentina
Max. intensityMM VII
TsunamiNo
Casualties2 killed

The 1985 Pichilemu earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.5 and a maximum perceived intensity of VII (Very Strong) on 8 April 1985 at 21:56:59 local time.[3] The shock's epicenter was located 75 kilometres (47 mi) southwest of Santiago, Chile,[4] with a hypocentral depth of 37.8 km (23 mi).

Earthquake

USGS ShakeMap of the 1985 Pichilemu mainshock
See also: Peru-Chile Trench

The 9 April 1985 Pichilemu earthquake occurred in the same fault area as the 2010 Pichilemu earthquake, and is considered by University of Chile Seismological Service a thrust fault-type interplate earthquake.[5]

The earthquake, measured in the Modified Mercalli intensity, reached magnitude VI in Curacaví, La Calera, Los Andes, Peñaflor, San Antonio, Valparaíso, and Viña del Mar; and magnitude V–VI in Concón, Constitución, Curicó, La Ligua, Melipilla, Papudo, Pichilemu, Puchuncaví, Quilpué, and Villa Alemana.[4] The earthquake was felt throughout much of central Chile from La Serena to Osorno. It was also felt in Mendoza, San Juan, San Luis, Córdoba, Tucumán, and Santa Fe provinces in Argentina.[2]

Although it has been considered by the news media as an aftershock of the main Santiago earthquake,[5] according to Rosa Urrutia de Hazbún and Carlos Lanza Lazcano's book Catástrofes en Chile 1541–1992, the Pichilemu earthquake was a different and separate event.[6]

Damage and effects

Two people died of heart attacks after the earthquake; one in Santiago and another in Chillán.[2][7] The earthquake lasted approximately three minutes according to The New York Times.[7]

It created damage in addition to that already caused by 3 March earthquake in the Santiago-Valparaíso area.[2]

Previous events

Main article: 1985 Santiago earthquake

A magnitude 8.0 earthquake was registered on 3 March 1985 offshore Valparaíso, Valparaíso Region.[1] It reached a maximum intensity of XI on the Mercalli intensity scale. 177 people were killed, 2,575 injured, 142,489 houses were damaged and about a million people were left homeless.[8] There was a long interruption on basic services, and the damage provoked by that earthquake was estimated to be more than 1,046 million US dollars.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "SISMOS IMPORTANTES Y/O DESTRUCTIVOS (1570 – Mayo 2005)" (in Spanish). Sismología Universidad de Chile. Archived from the original on 31 December 2006. Retrieved 8 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b c d "Historic Earthquakes". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Luis Valenzuela (14 April 2010). "Planificación Urbana en Zonas de Riesgo" (PDF) (in Spanish). Universidad Católica de Chile. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b "Sismo del 8 de abril de 1985" (in Spanish). Santiago de Chile: University of Chile Geological Service. 1985. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ^ a b "Estudio comparativo de los terremotos de subducción chilenos con los terremotos de subducción del norte, centro y sur de América" (in Spanish). Concepción, Chile: University of Chile Seismological Service. 16–19 November 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Urrutia de Hazbún, Rosa; Lanza Lazcano, Carlos (1993). Catástrofes en Chile, 1541–1992 (in Spanish). Santiago de Chile: Editorial La Noria. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
  7. ^ a b AP (8 April 1985). "Strong quake jolts Chile". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 February 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Terremoto de 1985" (in Spanish). Angelfire. Archived from the original on 4 August 2010. Retrieved 12 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "Grandes Terremotos en Chile". El Mercurio. Santiago de Chile. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2010. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1985_Rapel_Lake_earthquake&diff=prev&oldid=603548319

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