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'''Gheg''' (or '''Geg''') is one of the two major [[variety (linguistics)|varieties]] of [[Albanian language|Albanian]]. The other one is [[Tosk Albanian|Tosk]], on which standard [[Albanian language|Albanian]] is based. The geographic dividing line between these two varieties is the [[Shkumbin|Shkumbin River]], which winds its way through central [[Albania]]. |
'''Gheg''' (or '''Geg''') is one of the two major [[variety (linguistics)|varieties]] of [[Albanian language|Albanian]]. The other one is [[Tosk Albanian|Tosk]], on which standard [[Albanian language|Albanian]] is based. The geographic dividing line between these two varieties is the [[Shkumbin|Shkumbin River]], which winds its way through central [[Albania]]. |
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Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, [[Kosovo]] |
Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, [[Kosovo]], northwestern [[Republic of Macedonia]], southern [[Montenegro]] and [[Serbia]]. |
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Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and Macedonia are in standard Albanian, which is based on Tosk. However, some authors continue to write in Gheg. |
Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and Macedonia are in standard Albanian, which is based on Tosk. However, some authors continue to write in Gheg. |
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* [[Arvanitika]] |
* [[Arvanitika]] |
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* [[Cham Albanian dialect]] |
* [[Cham Albanian dialect]] |
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==Annotations== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 19:01, 14 December 2014
| Gheg | |
|---|---|
| Region | Albania, Kosovo,[a] Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia |
Native speakers | (undated figure of 3.5 million)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | aln |
| Glottolog | gheg1238 |
| Linguasphere | 55-AAA-aaa to 55-AAA-aag |
 A map showing Gheg speakers in green | |
Gheg (or Geg) is one of the two major varieties of Albanian. The other one is Tosk, on which standard Albanian is based. The geographic dividing line between these two varieties is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania.
Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, Kosovo, northwestern Republic of Macedonia, southern Montenegro and Serbia.
Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and Macedonia are in standard Albanian, which is based on Tosk. However, some authors continue to write in Gheg.
Dialects
Gheg has several dialects, notably:
Southern Gheg
Northern Gheg
- Eastern Gheg (Peshkopi, Debar, Tetovo, Kičevo, Gostivar, Veles, Kruševo, Prilep)[citation needed]
- Northeastern Gheg (Skopje, Kumanovo, Kačanik, Dragaš, Gnjilane, Preševo, Bujanovac)[citation needed]
- Northern Gheg (Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Podujevo, Medveđa and former Albanian-populated territories of Niš Sanjak (Niš, Vranje, Toplica District)).[citation needed]
- Northwestern Gheg (Shkodër, Vermosh, Selcë, Vukël, Lëpushë, Nikç, Tamarë, Tuzi, Ulcinj, Bar, Plav, Gusinje, Peć, Đakovica, Prizren)[citation needed]
The Italian linguist Carlo Tagliavini puts the Gheg of Kosovo and Macedonia in Eastern Gheg.[3]
Phonology
Assimilations are common in Gheg, but are not part of the Albanian literary language which only follows Tosk Albanian.[4]
Vowels
Oral
| IPA | Written as |
|---|---|
| [ə] | ë (nër) |
| [a] | a (dash) |
| [ɑ] | â (prâpë) |
| [ɒ] | ä (knaçët) |
| [e] | e (dêre) |
| [ɛ] | ê (mênôj) |
| [i] | i (dritë) |
| [o] | o (kos) |
| [u] | u (kur) |
| [y] | y (shyçyr) |
| [ɔ] | ô (dôrë) |
Nasalized
| IPA | Written as |
|---|---|
| [ĩ] | ĩ |
| [ɛ̃] | ẽ |
| [ɑ̃] | ã |
| [ɔ̃] | õ (some dialects) |
| [ỹ] | ỹ |
| [ũ] | ũ (hũna) |
See also
References
- ^ Gheg at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013)
- ^ a b Hinrichs, Uwe; Buttner, Uwe (1999). Handbuch der Sudosteuropa-Linguistik. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 285. ISBN 978-3-447-03939-0. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ Carlo Tagliavini (1942), Le parlate albanesi di tipo Ghego orientale: Dardania e Macedonia nord-occidentale
- ^ Camaj 1984, p. 4
Sources
- Martin Camaj (1984), Albanian grammar, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
- Carlo Tagliavini (1942), Le parlate albanesi di tipo Ghego orientale: Dardania e Macedonia nord-occidentale,
External links
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