Cannabaceae

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Silicone granuloma
Snowball like hyperechogenic axillary lymph nodes in a woman with silicone implants removed due to complications
SpecialtyDermatology

Silicone granulomas are a skin condition that occur as a reaction to liquid silicones, and are characterized by the formation of nodules.[1]: 46 

Formation of a granuloma is a common tissue response to a range of foreign bodies. Silicone can be directly injected into tissue as part of a cosmetic procedure or it can leak from silicone implants. The formation and consequences of silicon-induced granulomas is not well described or understood. The extent of damage that they cause is controversial.[2]

Localization

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Effects

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Silicone-induced granuloma can be associated with fever,[12] calcitriol-mediated hypercalcemia,[13] reactive amyloidosis.[14][15][16]

Treatment

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Treatment of silicone granulomas and removal of unwanted silicone have historically been very challenging. Anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., oral corticosteroids, allopurinol, colchicine, isotretinoin, cyclosporine, imiquimod, antibiotics) may help treat the granulomatous inflammation,[17] but do not address or remove the underlying source silicone material. Surgical excision allows for removal of the underlying source of inflammation, but is often deferred due to associated scarring.[18]

More recently, a case of successful removal of injected silicone using microcoring technology was reported, providing a potential scar-less option for its removal.[18]

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
  2. ^ Ellis, L. Z.; Cohen, J. L.; High, W (2012). "Granulomatous reaction to silicone injection". The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 5 (7): 44–7. PMC 3396457. PMID 22798975.
  3. ^ Péoc'h, M; Duprez, D; Grice, G; Fabre-Bocquentin, B; Gressin, R; Pasquier, B (2000). "Silicone lymphadenopathy mimicking a lymphoma in a patient with a metatarsophalangeal joint prosthesis". Journal of Clinical Pathology. 53 (7): 549–51. doi:10.1136/jcp.53.7.549. PMC 1731232. PMID 10961180.
  4. ^ García Callejo, F. J.; Calvo González, J; Agustí Martínez, J; Bécares Martínez, C; Monzó Gandía, R; Marco Algarra, J (2013). "Neck lymphadenitis due to silicone granuloma after mammary implants". Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española. 64 (3): 217–22. doi:10.1016/j.otorri.2012.12.003. PMID 23499209.
  5. ^ Rieder, E; Desai, S; Mundi, J. P.; Boyd, K. P.; Patel, R. R.; Ramachandran, S; Franks Jr, A. G. (2013). "Granulomatous dermatitis related to silicone implant". Dermatology Online Journal. 19 (12): 20708. doi:10.5070/D31912020708. PMID 24364999.
  6. ^ El-Charnoubi, W. A.; Foged Henriksen, T; Joergen Elberg, J (2011). "Cutaneous silicone granuloma mimicking breast cancer after ruptured breast implant". Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine. 2011: 1–3. doi:10.1155/2011/129138. PMC 3505939. PMID 23198167.
  7. ^ Schwartzfarb, E. M.; Hametti, J. M.; Romanelli, P; Ricotti, C (2008). "Foreign body granuloma formation secondary to silicone injection". Dermatology Online Journal. 14 (7): 20. doi:10.5070/D37JX780XV. PMID 18718204.
  8. ^ Inn, F. X.; Imran, F. H.; Ali, M. F.; Ih, R; z, Z (2012). "Penile augmentation with resultant foreign material granuloma and sequalae". The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences. 19 (4): 81–3. PMC 3629684. PMID 23613653.
  9. ^ El-Charnoubi, W. A.; Foged Henriksen, T; Joergen Elberg, J (2011). "Cutaneous silicone granuloma mimicking breast cancer after ruptured breast implant". Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine. 2011: 1–3. doi:10.1155/2011/129138. PMC 3505939. PMID 23198167.
  10. ^ Symmers, W. S. (1968). "Silicone mastitis in "topless" waitresses and some other varieties of foreign-body mastitis". British Medical Journal. 3 (5609): 19–22. doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5609.8-a. PMC 1989508. PMID 5690841.
  11. ^ Poveda, R; Bagán, J. V.; Murillo, J; Jiménez, Y (2006). "Granulomatous facial reaction to injected cosmetic fillers--a presentation of five cases". Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 11 (1): E1–5. PMID 16388285.
  12. ^ Blum, A; Abboud, W; Shajrawi, I; Tatour, I (2007). "Prolonged fever due to silicone granulomatosis". The Israel Medical Association Journal. 9 (2): 121–2. PMID 17348488.
  13. ^ Agrawal, N; Altiner, S; Mezitis, N. H.; Helbig, S (2013). "Silicone-induced granuloma after injection for cosmetic purposes: A rare entity of calcitriol-mediated hypercalcemia". Case Reports in Medicine. 2013: 1–3. doi:10.1155/2013/807292. PMC 3864076. PMID 24363673.
  14. ^ d'Ythurbide, G; Kerrou, K; Brocheriou, I; Hertig, A (2012). "Reactive amyloidosis complicated by end-stage renal disease 28 years after liquid silicone injection in the buttocks". BMJ Case Reports. 2012: bcr2012006803. doi:10.1136/bcr-2012-006803. PMC 4543521. PMID 23035166.
  15. ^ Emekli, U; Tümerdem, B; Demiryont, M (2002). "Rupture of a silicone gel mammary prosthesis and amyloidosis: A case report". Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 26 (5): 383–7. doi:10.1007/s00266-002-2022-x. PMID 12432480. S2CID 6865930.
  16. ^ Goldman, A. B.; Bansal, M (1996). "Amyloidosis and silicone synovitis: Updated classification, updated pathophysiology, and synovial articular abnormalities". Radiologic Clinics of North America. 34 (2): 375–94, xi. doi:10.1016/S0033-8389(22)00474-2. PMID 8633122. S2CID 251523786.
  17. ^ Pérez-Ruiz, Carmen; Barabash-Neila, Román; Zulueta-Dorado, Teresa; Conejo-Mir Sánchez, Julián (March 2019). "Adverse Granulomatous Reaction to Silicone Filler Treated With Methotrexate". Dermatologic Surgery. 45 (3): 489–492. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000001574. ISSN 1076-0512.
  18. ^ a b Hashemi, David A.; Tao, Joy; Wang, Jordan V.; Geronemus, Roy G. (2024-01-04). "Injected Silicone Removed Using Dermal Microcoring". Dermatologic Surgery. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000004068. ISSN 1076-0512.


source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicone_granuloma

One thought on “Cannabaceae”

  1. Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
    View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction

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