Pedroni is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Alessandro Pedroni (born 1971), Italian footballer
• Angelo Pedroni (born 1943), Italian sprint canoeist
• Franco Pedroni (1926–2001), Italian footballer and manager
• Guido Pedroni (1883–1964), Italian footballer
• José Pedroni (1899–1968), Argentine poet
• Pierpaolo Pedroni (1964–2009), Italian rugby union player, referee and commentator
• Pietro Pedroni (died 1803), Italian painter
• Silvio Pedroni (1918–2003), Italian cyclist
• Simone Pedroni, Italian classical pianist