Iraqi Maqam (Arabic: المقام العراقي) is a type of Arabic maqam and at least four-hundred-year-old genre found in Iraq. The instrumentation of the ensemble used in the Iraqi Maqam, Al-Chalghi al-Baghdadi, includes a qari' (singer), santur (hammered dulcimer), jawza (spike fiddle), tabla or dunbug/dumbeg, and sometimes riqq (tambourine) and naqqarat (kettle drums). The focus is on the poem sung in classical Arabic or Iraqi dialect (then called zuhayri). A complete maqam concert is known as fasl (plural fusul) and is named after the first maqam: bayat, hijaz, rast, nawa, or husayni. (Touma 1996, p.55, 57)
A typical performance includes the following sections (Touma 1996, p.56):
- tahrir, sometimes badwah
- taslum
- finalis
Some well known Iraqi maqam performers include: Mulla Hasan al-Babujachi, Rahmat Allah Shiltagh, Khalil Rabbaz, Rahmain Niftar, Rubin Rajwan, Ahmed Zaydan, Mulla Uthman al-Mawsili, Jamil al-Baghdadi, Salman Moshe, Rashid al-Qundarchi, Yusuf Huresh, Najm al-Shaykhli, Abbas Kambir, Mohammed al-Qubbanchi, Yusuf Omar, Hamed al-Sa‘di, Farida, and Husayn al-A‘dhami.
Famous maqam singers[edit]
- Ahmed Zaydan
- Rashid al-Qundarchi
- Mohammad al-Qubbanchi
- Hussein al-A'dhami
- Najm al-Shaykhli
- Hassan Khaiwka
- Hashim al-Rejab
- Yusuf Omar
- Farida Ali
- Abdulrahman Khidhr
- Hamed al-Sa‘di
- Nazem Al-Ghazali
- Felfel Gourgy
- Affifa Iskandar
Source[edit]
- Touma, Habib Hassan (1996). The Music of the Arabs, trans. Laurie Schwartz. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. ISBN 0-931340-88-8.
External links[edit]
- Famous Iraqi Maqam Singers
- Iraqi Maqam
- Genres of Secular Art Music Al-maqam al-'iraqi
- General information about Iraqi Maqam
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