| Bharatpur भरतपुर |
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|---|---|
| city | |
 Bharatpur
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| Coordinates: 27°13′N 77°29′E / 27.22°N 77.48°ECoordinates: 27°13′N 77°29′E / 27.22°N 77.48°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Rajasthan |
| District | Bharatpur |
| Elevation | 183 m (600 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 252,109 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 321001 |
| Area code(s) | (+91) 5644 |
| Vehicle registration | RJ 05 |
| Website | www |
Bharatpur is a city and municipal corporation in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Located in the Brij region, Bharatpur was once considered to be an impregnable city[1] and was the capital of the Jaswal Rajput kingdom. The city is situated 180 km south from India's capital-Delhi,55 km west of the city Agra and 35 km from Mathura. It is also the administrative headquarters of Bharatpur District and the headquarters of Bharatpur Division of Rajasthan. The Royal House of Bharatpur traces its history to the 11th century AD. Bharatpur is a part of Delhi's National Capital Region (NCR).[2]
Bharatpur is located at 27°13′N 77°29′E / 27.22°N 77.48°E.[3] It has an average elevation of 183 metres (600 feet). Bharatpur is also known as "Lohagarh" and the "Eastern Gateway to Rajasthan".[4] It is famous for Keoladeo National Park.
Contents
History[edit]
The rulers of Bharatpur were from the Jaswal clan of Rajput peoplewhich is an indo-sythian tribe that migrated in India around AD100. According to Cunningham and William Cook, the city of Gohad was founded in 1505 by the rajputs of Bamraulia village, who had been forced to leave Bamraulia by a satrap of Firuz Shah Tughluq. It was a notourious tribe which dug up the tomb of Akbar at Sikandra, where he was buried the rajputs then cremenated Akbar in Hindu style. Gohad developed into an important Jaswal rajput state, and was later captured by the Marathas. The Jaswal's of Gohad signed a treaty with the British and helped them capture Gwalior and Gohad from the Marathas. The British kept Gwalior and handed control of Gohad to rajputs in 1804."Gohad was handed over to the Marathas under a revised treaty dated 22 November 1805 between the Marathas and the British. As compensation for Gohad, the Rajput ruler Rana Kirat Singh was given Dhaulpur, Badi and Rajakheda; Kirat Singh moved to Dhaulpur in December 1805.
In the 10th century, the Yadav people took control of Dholpur, which had earlier been ruled by the Rajputs. Dholpur was taken by Sikandar Lodhi in 1501, who transferred it to a Muslim governor in 1504. In 1527, the Dholpur fort fell to Babur and continued to be ruled by the Mughals until 1707. After the death of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, Raja Kalyan Singh Bhadauria obtained possession of Dholpur, and his family retained it until 1761. After that, Dholpur was taken successively by the Jat ruler Maharaja Suraj Mal of Bharatpur; by Mirza Najaf Khan in 1775; by the Scindia ruler of Gwalior in 1782; and finally, by the British East India Company in 1803. It was restored by the British to the Scindias under the Treaty of Sarji Anjangaon, but in consequence of new arrangements, was again occupied by the British. In 1806, Dholpur again came under the Jat rulers, when it was handed over to Kirat Singh of Gohad. Dholpur thus became a princely state, a vassal of the British during the Raj.
List of the Rajput rulers of Bharatpur.
- Gokula, ? - 1670
- Raja Ram, 1670–1688
- Churaman, 1695–1721
- Badan Singh, 1722–1756
- Maharaja Suraj Mal, 1756–1767
- Maharaja Jawahar Singh, 1767–1768
- Maharaja Ratan Singh, 1768–1769
- Maharaja Kehri Singh, 1769–1771
- Maharaja Nawal Singh, 1771–1776
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1776–1805
- Maharaja Randhir Singh, 1805–1823
- Maharaja Baldeo Singh, 1823–1825
- Maharaja Balwant Singh, 1825–1853
- Maharaja Jashwant Singh, 1853–1893
- Maharaja Ram Singh, 1893 - 1900 (Exiled)
- Maharani Girraj Kaur, regent 1900-1918
- Maharaja Kishan Singh, 1900–1929
- Maharaja Brijendra Singh, 1929-1947 (Joined the Indian Union)
Demographics[edit]
As of 2011[update] Indian census,[5] Bharatpur had a population of 25,48,462 of which males are 13,55,726 and females are 11,92,736. Bharatpur has an average literacy rate of 82.13%, higher than the national average of 74.04%; with male literacy of 90.41% and female literacy of 72.80%. Jats are some dominant castes.[citation needed] The languages commonly spoken in Bharatpur are Hindi, Braj-Bhasha, and English.
Education[edit]
Bharatpur have its first government university name Maharaja Soorajmal Brij University expectedly located in main city. There are both government and privately run colleges in Bharatpur including the Government Engineering College, Bharatpur, offering Bachelor's degrees in six engineering branches. Students from different parts of the country come to pursue B.Tech. degrees at the College. Some other colleges are Maharani Shri Jaya[MSJ] College, Rajeshwari Devi[RD] Girls College, Chandravati Group of Institution (Faculty of Engineering and Hotel Management), and the Digamber Nursing College. Schools in the city are 1) St. Peter's Senior Secondary School,Bharatpur. 2) Delhi Public School,Sewar,Bharatpur. 3) Manav Bharti School,Bharatpur. 4)Kala Mandir Senior Secondary School,Bharatpur. 5) T.M International school,Bharatpur. 6) Agrasen Mahila Vidhyapeeth,Ranjeet Nagar,Bharatpur. 7) Sant Kripal Senior Secondary school,Bharatpur. 8) Sony Academy,Bharatpur. 9)Shri Guru Harikishan Public School,Bharatpur. 10) Baba Sugreev Vidhyapeeth Senior Secondary School,Bharatpur. 11) Millennium Senior Secondary School,Krishna Nagar,Bharatpur. 12) Shiksha Bharti Senior Secondary School,Bharatpur.
Economy[edit]
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1891 |
43,000
|
| 1911 |
44,000
|
| 1941 |
35,500
|
| 1951 |
37,300
|
| 1961 |
49,800
|
| 1971 |
69,400
|
| 1981 |
105,200
|
| 1991 |
156,900
|
| 2001 |
205,235
|
| 2011 |
252,838
|
laber 17 = 2014 data17 = 320559
| Population Growth of Bharatpur City | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1891 | 43,000 |
—
|
|
| 1911 | 44,000 |
—
|
|
| 1941 | 35,500 |
—
|
|
| 1951 | 37,300 | 5.1% | |
| 1961 | 49,800 | 33.5% | |
| 1971 | 69,400 | 39.4% | |
| 1981 | 105,200 | 51.6% | |
| 1991 | 156,900 | 49.1% | |
| 2001 | 205,235 | 30.8% | |
| 2011 | 252,883 | 23.2% | |
| source:[6] | |||
The economy of Bharatpur district is dependent to a large extent on agriculture and its products. The main crops grown are wheat, mustard, cotton, red-chillies and potatoes . There are more than 60 oil mills in Bharatpur due to mustard grown in large quantity in the surrounding areas. Bharatpur is famous for its sweets, and has a large number of shops also.
In some areas stone quarrying is also practised. The Red Fort of Delhi, Agra Fort, and Fatehpur Sikari were built with local stone.
Keoladeo National Park[edit]
Being a UNESCO's World Heritage Site, the duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, China and Siberia. Some 364 species of birds, including the rare Siberian crane, have been recorded in the park. The name Keoladeo is derived from the name of an ancient Hindu temple devoted to Lord Shiva in the sanctuary's central zone while the Hindi term ghana implies dense, thick areas of forest cover. It is mainly famous for the Siberian crane. It was the only habitat of Siberian crane in the world other than Siberia. Now it no longer comes to the park. The main reasons are the lack of conservation measures in India, diversion of water for farmers instead of saving the wetlands as per then Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje's orders,[8] hunting during migration in Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as the war against Taliban in Afghanistan.[9]
Connectivity[edit]
Rail[edit]
Bharatpur junction BTE Jn. is located on the main Delhi-Mumbai line as well as the Bandikui - Agra Fort line . One can easily reach here by train from Delhi, Jaipur, Agra, Mumbai, Kota, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Allahabad.
Places to see[edit]
Tourist attractions in Bharatpur[edit]
- Keoladeo National Park
- Lohagarh Fort
- Government Museum
- Golbagh Palace
- Moti Mahal
- Shri Rajendra suri kirti mandir
- Kishori Mehal
- Laxmi Vilas Palace
- Jawahar Burj
- Fateh Burj
- Ganga mandir
- Laxman mandir
- Vishwapriya shastri park
- Bankebihari temple
- Nehru Park
- Dev Narayan Temple(Sarsena)
Tourist attractions in the surrounding area[edit]
- Deeg Palace
- kaman (kamyavan) Palace
- Gopal Bhavan
- Laxman mandir [deeg]
- Bayana Fort
- Kailadevi Temple Karauli
- Temples at Kaman
- Fatehpur Sikri
- Taj Mahal
- Shri Mahavirji, Hindaun
- Timan GarhFort , Hindaun
Fairs and festivals[edit]
- Brij Mahotsav: is held in the month of February–March.
- Jaswant Exhibition: Jaswant Exhibition is held in the month of September–October during Dussehra.
- Gangaur: Gangaur festival is held in March–April.
- Teej: Teej festival is held in July–August
Bharatpur sthapana diwas;Held in the Month of February- 17,18 and 19th every year by Lohagarh Vikas Parishad
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Bharatpur1.com
- Brief history and detailed genealogy of the ruling chiefs of Bharatpur
- Genealogy of the ruling chiefs of Bharatpur
- Imperial Gazeteer of India Vol 8, P-73 Bharatpur State
- R.C.Majumdar, H.C. Raychaudhury, Kalikaranjan Datta: An Advanced History of India, fourth edition, 1978, ISBN 0-333-90298-X, p. 535-36
- Female infanticide and child marriage
References[edit]
- ^ Maharaja Surajmal by K. Natwar Singh ISBN 8171675107
- ^ "NCR expanded to include Bhiwani, Bharatpur". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2 July 2013.
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Bharatpur
- ^ "Bharatpur – Eastern Gateway to Rajasthan".
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ a b "Historical Census of India".
- ^ "Census of Bhartpur".
- ^ SANDIPAN SHARMA (5 February 2005). "Vasundhara govt refuses water to Keoladeo Park". Indian Express. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
- ^ Anuradha Nagraj (22 January 2003). "Siberian Cranes give Bharatpur a miss". Indian Express. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
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