The petrology, mineral compositions, whole rock major/trace element concentrations, including highly siderophile elements, and Re–Os isotopes of 99 peridotite xenoliths from the central North China Craton were determined in order to constrain the structure and evolution of the deep lithosphere. Samples from seven Early Cretaceous–Tertiary volcanic centers display distinct geochemical characteristics from north to south. Peridotites from the northern section are generally more fertile (e.g., Al₂O₃ = 0.9–4.0%) than those from the south (e.g., Al₂O₃ = 0.2–2.2%), and have maximum whole-rock Re-depletion Os model ages (T_RD) of ∼1.8 Ga suggesting their coeval formation in the latest Paleoproterozoic. By contrast, peridotites from the south have maximum T_RD model ages that span the Archean–Proterozoic boundary (2.1–2.5 Ga). Peridotites with model ages from both groups are found at Fansi, the southernmost …